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Article ; Online: Structure, dynamics, and molecular inhibition of the Staphylococcus aureus m

Sweeney, Pamela / Galliford, Ashleigh / Kumar, Abhishek / Raju, Dinesh / Krishna, Naveen B / Sutherland, Emmajay / Leo, Caitlin J / Fisher, Gemma / Lalitha, Roopa / Muthuraj, Likith / Sigamani, Gladstone / Oehler, Verena / Synowsky, Silvia / Shirran, Sally L / Gloster, Tracey M / Czekster, Clarissa M / Kumar, Pravin / da Silva, Rafael G

The Journal of biological chemistry

2022 Volume 298, Issue 6, Page(s) 102040

Abstract: The enzyme m ...

Abstract	The enzyme m
MeSH term(s)	Adenine ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Protein Conformation ; RNA, Transfer/metabolism ; S-Adenosylmethionine/metabolism ; Staphylococcus aureus/enzymology ; tRNA Methyltransferases/chemistry ; tRNA Methyltransferases/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Bacterial Proteins ; S-Adenosylmethionine (7LP2MPO46S) ; RNA, Transfer (9014-25-9) ; tRNA Methyltransferases (EC 2.1.1.-) ; Adenine (JAC85A2161)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2997-x
ISSN	1083-351X ; 0021-9258
ISSN (online)	1083-351X
ISSN	0021-9258
DOI	10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102040
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Article: Study protocol for improving mental health during pregnancy: a randomized controlled low-intensity m-health intervention by midwives at primary care centers.

Jimenez-Barragan, Marta / Del Pino Gutierrez, Amparo / Garcia, Jorge Curto / Monistrol-Ruano, Olga / Coll-Navarro, Engracia / Porta-Roda, Oriol / Falguera-Puig, Gemma

BMC nursing

2023 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 309

Abstract: Background: Pregnancy-related anxiety and depression has received considerable attention worldwide. Mental health problems in pregnant women already since early weeks of gestation may have important consequences to the fetus. The necessity for more ... ...

Abstract	Background: Pregnancy-related anxiety and depression has received considerable attention worldwide. Mental health problems in pregnant women already since early weeks of gestation may have important consequences to the fetus. The necessity for more effective health care pathways, including some early interventions that reduce the overall burden of the childbearing situation appears a key factor for a successful birth and care of the baby. The few studies focalized in interventions, are focused on delivery and postpartum, without taking into account the whole maternity process. Current literature recommends the use of interventions based on new technologies for the treatment of mood disorders, already during the prenatal period. There have been scarce well-designed intervention studies that test technological low-intensity interventions by midwives to address pregnant women's mental health, diminishing anxiety and depression during pregnancy. Methods/design: Adult pregnant women (weeks 12-14 of gestation) will be recruited and screened from different primary care centers in Catalonia, Spain. Women who pass the initial mental screening will be randomly allocated to the relaxation virtual reality intervention or control group. The intervention aims to improve mental state of pregnant women during pregnancy, work through breathing, mindfulness and muscle relaxation techniques. Women in the control group will receive standard care offered by the public funded maternity services in Catalonia. The primary outcome measures will include the Edinburg Postnatal Depression (EPDS), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), and the Cambridge Worry Scale (CWS) instruments. Secondary outcome measures will include the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised (TCI-R) and the Whooley and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2) questions. Routinary pregnancy monitoring measures will be also evaluated. Discussion: This study aims to test the efficacy of a low-intensity, midwife-led e-health intervention based on new technologies to work on women's anxiety and depression during pregnancy. We hypothesize that low-intensity mental health intervention during pregnancy, using an e-health (virtual reality) as a support tool, will be effective in reducing of anxiety, depressive symptoms, and improving satisfaction with pregnancy follow-up. Trial registration: Clinical Trials ID NCT05756205.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2091496-9
ISSN	1472-6955
ISSN	1472-6955
DOI	10.1186/s12912-023-01440-4
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Article ; Online: Text messaging as a tool to improve cancer screening programs (M-TICS Study): A randomized controlled trial protocol.

Vives, Nuria / Farre, Albert / Ibáñez-Sanz, Gemma / Vidal, Carmen / Binefa, Gemma / Milà, Núria / Pérez-Lacasta, Maria Jose / Travier, Noemie / Benito, Llucia / Espinàs, Josep Alfons / Bagaria, Guillermo / Garcia, Montse

PloS one

2021 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) e0245806

Abstract: ... Methods/design: The M-TICs study is a randomized controlled trial with a formal process evaluation ...

Abstract	Background: Short message service (SMS) based interventions are widely used in healthcare and have shown promising results to improve cancer screening programs. However, more research is still needed to implement SMS in the screening process. We present a study protocol to assess the impact on health and economics of three targeted SMS-based interventions in population-based cancer screening programs. Methods/design: The M-TICs study is a randomized controlled trial with a formal process evaluation. Participants aged 50-69 years identified as eligible from the colorectal cancer (CRC) and breast cancer (BC) screening program of the Catalan Institute of Oncology (Catalonia, Spain) will be randomly assigned to receive standard invitation procedure (control group) or SMS-based intervention to promote participation. Two interventions will be conducted in the CRC screening program: 1) Screening invitation reminder: Those who do not participate in the CRC screening within 6 weeks of invite will receive a reminder (SMS or letter); 2) Reminder to complete and return fecal immunochemical test (FIT) kit: SMS reminder versus no intervention to individuals who have picked up a FIT kit at the pharmacy and they have not returned it after 14 days. The third intervention will be performed in the BC screening program. Women who had been screened previously will receive an SMS invitation or a letter invitation to participate in the screening. As a primary objective we will assess the impact on participation for each intervention. The secondary objectives will be to analyze the cost-effectiveness of the interventions and to assess participants' perceptions. Expected results: The results from this randomized controlled trial will provide important empirical evidence for the use of mobile phone technology as a tool for improving population-based cancer screening programs. These results may influence the cancer screening invitation procedure in future routine practice. Trial registration: Registry: NCT04343950 (04/09/2020); clinicaltrials.gov.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening/methods ; Middle Aged ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care ; Text Messaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0245806
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Article ; Online: Myocardial Geometry and Dysfunction in Morbidly Obese Adolescents (BMI 35-40 kg/m

Siurana, Jose M / Ventura, Paula S / Yeste, Diego / Riaza-Martin, Lucia / Arciniegas, Larry / Clemente, Maria / Torres, Marisa / Amigó, Núria / Giralt, Gemma / Roses-Noguer, Ferran / Sabate-Rotes, Anna

The American journal of cardiology

2021 Volume 157, Page(s) 128–134

Abstract: This study evaluated the preclinical effect of obesity on the ventricular remodeling in adolescents with morbid obesity, and determined if subjects labelled as metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) presented better heart index than those with metabolically ...

Abstract	This study evaluated the preclinical effect of obesity on the ventricular remodeling in adolescents with morbid obesity, and determined if subjects labelled as metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) presented better heart index than those with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). Prospective case-control research of 45 adolescents (14-year-old) with morbid obesity and 25 normal weight adolescents' gender- and age-matched with Tanner stage 4-5. Left ventricle (LV) was evaluated by conventional Doppler echocardiography, tissue Doppler imaging and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. Compared to normal-weight subjects, adolescents with morbid obesity presented a high percentage of pathological LV geometry (87%; p<0.01), and systolic and diastolic dysfunctions only detected by E/A ratio (2.0 vs 1.7, p<0.01), global longitudinal strain (-21.0% vs -16.5%, p<0.01), and early diastolic strain rate (3.2 vs 2.2, p<0.01). A correlation was found between impaired cardiac index and body mass index (BMI), high blood pressure, hyperglycemia, low HDL-cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia. BMI and HDL-cholesterol were the most significant independent variables. No significant differences were found in structural and functional cardiac index when MHO and MUO subjects were compared (global longitudinal strain: -17.0% vs -16.4%, p0.79). Morbidly obese adolescents have an abnormal LV geometry, closely related to BMI, and systolic and diastolic LV dysfunctions. Adolescents labelled as MHO, despite exhibiting better BMI and insulin-resistance values, present the same pathological heart changes as MUO.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Diastole ; Echocardiography, Doppler/methods ; Female ; Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging ; Heart Ventricles/physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity, Morbid/complications ; Pediatric Obesity/complications ; Risk Factors ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/diagnosis ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/etiology ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80014-4
ISSN	1879-1913 ; 0002-9149
ISSN (online)	1879-1913
ISSN	0002-9149
DOI	10.1016/j.amjcard.2021.07.026
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Article ; Online: Genomic surveillance detects Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A harbouring blaCTX-M-15 from a traveller returning from Bangladesh.

Nair, Satheesh / Day, Martin / Godbole, Gauri / Saluja, Tranprit / Langridge, Gemma C / Dallman, Timothy J / Chattaway, Marie

PloS one

2020 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) e0228250

Abstract: ... The isolate (440915) was resistant to ciprofloxacin and harboured both the mobile element ISEcp9 -blaCTX-M-15 ...

Abstract	Whole genome sequencing (WGS) has been used routinely by Public Health England (PHE) for identification, surveillance and monitoring of resistance determinants in referred Salmonella isolates since 2015. We report the first identified case of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A (S. Paratyphi A) isolated from a traveller returning to England from Bangladesh in November 2017. The isolate (440915) was resistant to ciprofloxacin and harboured both the mobile element ISEcp9 -blaCTX-M-15-hp-tnpA and blaTEM-191, associated with ESBL production. Phenotypic resistance was subsequently confirmed by Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST). S. Paratyphi A 440915 harboured an IncI1 plasmid previously reported to encode ESBL elements in Enterobacteriaceae and recently described in a S. Typhi isolate from Bangladesh. Results from this study indicate the importance of monitoring imported drug resistance for typhoidal salmonellae as ceftriaxone is the first line antibiotic treatment for complicated enteric fever in England. We conclude that WGS provides a rapid, accurate method for surveillance of drug resistance genes in Salmonella, leading to the first reported case of ESBL producing S. Paratyphi A and continues to inform the national treatment guidelines for management of enteric fever.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Bangladesh ; DNA, Bacterial ; England ; Humans ; Male ; Paratyphoid Fever/diagnosis ; Paratyphoid Fever/microbiology ; R Factors ; Salmonella paratyphi A/drug effects ; Salmonella paratyphi A/genetics ; Salmonella paratyphi A/isolation & purification ; Travel ; Whole Genome Sequencing ; beta-Lactam Resistance/genetics
Chemical Substances	DNA, Bacterial
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0228250
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Article ; Online: Highly Sensitive and Specific Multiplex Antibody Assays To Quantify Immunoglobulins M, A, and G against SARS-CoV-2 Antigens.

Journal of clinical microbiology

2021 Volume 59, Issue 2

Abstract: ... M) constructs. The assays were optimized to minimize the processing time and maximize the signal ... asymptomatic, 51 had mild symptoms, and 48 were hospitalized. Preexisting IgG antibodies recognizing N, M, and ...

Abstract	Reliable serological tests are required to determine the prevalence of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and to characterize immunity to the disease in order to address key knowledge gaps in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Quantitative suspension array technology (qSAT) assays based on the xMAP Luminex platform overcome the limitations of rapid diagnostic tests and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) with their higher precision, dynamic range, throughput, miniaturization, cost-efficiency, and multiplexing capacity. We developed three qSAT assays for IgM, IgA, and IgG against a panel of eight SARS-CoV-2 antigens, including spike protein (S), nucleocapsid protein (N), and membrane protein (M) constructs. The assays were optimized to minimize the processing time and maximize the signal-to-noise ratio. We evaluated their performances using 128 prepandemic plasma samples (negative controls) and 104 plasma samples from individuals with SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis (positive controls), of whom 5 were asymptomatic, 51 had mild symptoms, and 48 were hospitalized. Preexisting IgG antibodies recognizing N, M, and S proteins were detected in negative controls, which is suggestive of cross-reactivity to common-cold coronaviruses. The best-performing antibody/antigen signatures had specificities of 100% and sensitivities of 95.78% at ≥14 days and 95.65% at ≥21 days since the onset of symptoms, with areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.977 and 0.999, respectively. Combining multiple markers as assessed by qSAT assays has the highest efficiency, breadth, and versatility to accurately detect low-level antibody responses for obtaining reliable data on the prevalence of exposure to novel pathogens in a population. Our assays will allow gaining insights into antibody correlates of immunity and their kinetics, required for vaccine development to combat the COVID-19 pandemic.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; COVID-19/blood ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19 Serological Testing/methods ; Cross Reactions ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; Immunoglobulin Isotypes/blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Viral Structural Proteins/immunology
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral ; Antigens, Viral ; Immunoglobulin Isotypes ; Viral Structural Proteins
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	390499-4
ISSN	1098-660X ; 0095-1137
ISSN (online)	1098-660X
ISSN	0095-1137
DOI	10.1128/JCM.01731-20
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Article ; Online: m.3243A > G-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction Impairs Human Neuronal Development and Reduces Neuronal Network Activity and Synchronicity.

Klein Gunnewiek, Teun M / Van Hugte, Eline J H / Frega, Monica / Guardia, Gemma Solé / Foreman, Katharina / Panneman, Daan / Mossink, Britt / Linda, Katrin / Keller, Jason M / Schubert, Dirk / Cassiman, David / Rodenburg, Richard / Vidal Folch, Noemi / Oglesbee, Devin / Perales-Clemente, Ester / Nelson, Timothy J / Morava, Eva / Nadif Kasri, Nael / Kozicz, Tamas

Cell reports

2020 Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) 107538

Abstract: ... function on an isogenic nuclear DNA background from patients with the common pathogenic m.3243A > G variant ...

Abstract	Epilepsy, intellectual and cortical sensory deficits, and psychiatric manifestations are the most frequent manifestations of mitochondrial diseases. How mitochondrial dysfunction affects neural structure and function remains elusive, mostly because of a lack of proper in vitro neuronal model systems with mitochondrial dysfunction. Leveraging induced pluripotent stem cell technology, we differentiated excitatory cortical neurons (iNeurons) with normal (low heteroplasmy) and impaired (high heteroplasmy) mitochondrial function on an isogenic nuclear DNA background from patients with the common pathogenic m.3243A > G variant of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). iNeurons with high heteroplasmy exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction, delayed neural maturation, reduced dendritic complexity, and fewer excitatory synapses. Micro-electrode array recordings of neuronal networks displayed reduced network activity and decreased synchronous network bursting. Impaired neuronal energy metabolism and compromised structural and functional integrity of neurons and neural networks could be the primary drivers of increased susceptibility to neuropsychiatric manifestations of mitochondrial disease.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Humans ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Neurons/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2649101-1
ISSN	2211-1247 ; 2211-1247
ISSN (online)	2211-1247
ISSN	2211-1247
DOI	10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107538
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Article ; Online: ESBL-producing strains isolated from imported cases of enteric fever in England and Wales reveal multiple chromosomal integrations of blaCTX-M-15 in XDR Salmonella Typhi.

Nair, Satheesh / Chattaway, Marie / Langridge, Gemma C / Gentle, Amy / Day, Martin / Ainsworth, Emma V / Mohamed, Iman / Smith, Robert / Jenkins, Claire / Dallman, Timothy J / Godbole, Gauri

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

2021 Volume 76, Issue 6, Page(s) 1459–1466

Abstract: ... was conferred by the presence of blaCTX-M-15 (S. Typhi n = 67 and S. Paratyphi A n = 1) or blaCTX-M-55 ... S. Typhi n = 1). An IncY plasmid harbouring blaCTX-M-15 and qnr was detected in 56 strains ... blaCTX-M-15-tnp gene cassette insertion into the chromosome at one of three integration points ...

Abstract	Background: There are approximately 300 cases of enteric fever reported annually from England and Wales; most are imported infections. Clinical management of enteric fever remains a challenge with the emergence of ESBL-producing strains, especially XDR Salmonella Typhi from Sindh, Pakistan. Methods: All strains of S. Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A isolated from cases presenting with symptoms of enteric fever in England and Wales, between 1 April 2014 and 31 March 2020, were characterized using WGS. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using an agar dilution method. Results: ESBL strains contributed to 69 cases of enteric fever (S. Typhi n = 68, S. Paratyphi A n = 1); 68 were imported (Pakistan n = 64, Iraq n = 2, Bangladesh n = 1 and India n = 1). Ages ranged from 1 to 56 years, 36/69 (52%) were children, 52% were female and the duration of hospital stay ranged from 1 to 23 days. The ESBL phenotype was conferred by the presence of blaCTX-M-15 (S. Typhi n = 67 and S. Paratyphi A n = 1) or blaCTX-M-55 (S. Typhi n = 1). An IncY plasmid harbouring blaCTX-M-15 and qnr was detected in 56 strains from Pakistan. The IncY plasmid was absent in the remaining strains and there was evidence of a 4 kb ISEcpl-blaCTX-M-15-tnp gene cassette insertion into the chromosome at one of three integration points. Conclusions: Chromosomal integration of blaCTX-M-15 within the XDR Sindh strains may lead to the maintenance of resistance in the absence of antibiotic selection pressure. Empirical treatment of cases of complicated enteric fever returning from Pakistan will henceforth have to include a carbapenem.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	191709-2
ISSN	1460-2091 ; 0305-7453
ISSN (online)	1460-2091
ISSN	0305-7453
DOI	10.1093/jac/dkab049
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Zs.A 1197: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Text messaging as a tool to improve cancer screening programs (M-TICS Study)

Nuria Vives / Albert Farre / Gemma Ibáñez-Sanz / Carmen Vidal / Gemma Binefa / Núria Milà / Maria Jose Pérez-Lacasta / Noemie Travier / Llucia Benito / Josep Alfons Espinàs / Guillermo Bagaria / Montse Garcia

PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 1, p e

A randomized controlled trial protocol.

2021 Volume 0245806

Abstract: ... design The M-TICs study is a randomized controlled trial with a formal process evaluation. Participants ...

Abstract	Background Short message service (SMS) based interventions are widely used in healthcare and have shown promising results to improve cancer screening programs. However, more research is still needed to implement SMS in the screening process. We present a study protocol to assess the impact on health and economics of three targeted SMS-based interventions in population-based cancer screening programs. Methods/design The M-TICs study is a randomized controlled trial with a formal process evaluation. Participants aged 50-69 years identified as eligible from the colorectal cancer (CRC) and breast cancer (BC) screening program of the Catalan Institute of Oncology (Catalonia, Spain) will be randomly assigned to receive standard invitation procedure (control group) or SMS-based intervention to promote participation. Two interventions will be conducted in the CRC screening program: 1) Screening invitation reminder: Those who do not participate in the CRC screening within 6 weeks of invite will receive a reminder (SMS or letter); 2) Reminder to complete and return fecal immunochemical test (FIT) kit: SMS reminder versus no intervention to individuals who have picked up a FIT kit at the pharmacy and they have not returned it after 14 days. The third intervention will be performed in the BC screening program. Women who had been screened previously will receive an SMS invitation or a letter invitation to participate in the screening. As a primary objective we will assess the impact on participation for each intervention. The secondary objectives will be to analyze the cost-effectiveness of the interventions and to assess participants' perceptions. Expected results The results from this randomized controlled trial will provide important empirical evidence for the use of mobile phone technology as a tool for improving population-based cancer screening programs. These results may influence the cancer screening invitation procedure in future routine practice. Trial registration Registry: NCT04343950 (04/09/2020); ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella Typhi carries an IncI1-ST31 plasmid encoding CTX-M-15.

Djeghout, Bilal / Saha, Senjuti / Sajib, Mohammad Saiful Islam / Tanmoy, Arif Mohammad / Islam, Maksuda / Kay, Gemma L / Langridge, Gemma C / Endtz, Hubert P / Wain, John / Saha, Samir K

Journal of medical microbiology

2018 Volume 67, Issue 5, Page(s) 620–627

Abstract: ... to incompatibility group I1 (IncI1-ST31) which included blaCTX-M-15 (ceftriaxone resistance) associated with ISEcp-1 ...

Abstract	Purpose: Ceftriaxone is the drug of choice for typhoid fever and the emergence of resistant Salmonella Typhi raises major concerns for treatment. There are an increasing number of sporadic reports of ceftriaxone-resistant S. Typhi and limiting the risk of treatment failure in the patient and outbreaks in the community must be prioritized. This study describes the use of whole genome sequencing to guide outbreak identification and case management. Methodology: An isolate of ceftriaxone-resistant S. Typhi from the blood of a child taken in 2000 at the Popular Diagnostic Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh was subjected to whole genome sequencing, using an Illumina NextSeq 500 and analysis using Geneious software.Results/Key findings. Comparison with other ceftriaxone-resistant S. Typhi revealed an isolate from the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2015 as the closest relative but no evidence of an outbreak. A plasmid belonging to incompatibility group I1 (IncI1-ST31) which included blaCTX-M-15 (ceftriaxone resistance) associated with ISEcp-1 was identified. High similarity (90 %) was seen with pS115, an IncI1 plasmid from S. Enteritidis, and with pESBL-EA11, an incI1 plasmid from E. coli (99 %) showing that S. Typhi has access to ceftriaxone resistance through the acquisition of common plasmids. Conclusions: The transmission of ceftriaxone resistance from E. coli to S. Typhi is of concern because of clinical resistance to ceftriaxone, the main stay of typhoid treatment. Whole genome sequencing, albeit several years after the isolation, demonstrated the success of containment but clinical trials with alternative agents are urgently required.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Ceftriaxone/pharmacology ; Cephalosporin Resistance/genetics ; Child ; Disease Outbreaks ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Plasmids/genetics ; Salmonella typhi/drug effects ; Salmonella typhi/enzymology ; Salmonella typhi/genetics ; Salmonella typhi/isolation & purification ; Typhoid Fever/microbiology ; Whole Genome Sequencing ; beta-Lactamases/genetics
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ceftriaxone (75J73V1629) ; beta-lactamase CTX-M-15 (EC 3.5.2.-) ; beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218356-0
ISSN	1473-5644 ; 0022-2615
ISSN (online)	1473-5644
ISSN	0022-2615
DOI	10.1099/jmm.0.000727
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