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  1. Article ; Online: Sub-Saharan African emergency care systems.

    Calvello Hynes, Emilie J

    African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence

    2020  Volume 10, Page(s) S1

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-17
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Editorial
    ISSN 2211-4203
    ISSN (online) 2211-4203
    DOI 10.1016/j.afjem.2020.10.008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Sub-Saharan African emergency care systems

    Emilie J. Calvello Hynes

    African Journal of Emergency Medicine, Vol 10, Iss , Pp S1- (2020)

    2020  

    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Emergency Care Systems: The Missing Link for Effective Treatment of COVID-19 in Africa.

    Calvello Hynes, Emilie J / Bills, Corey B

    Disaster medicine and public health preparedness

    2020  Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) e11–e12

    Abstract: Cases of COVID-19 are rising quickly on the African continent. A critical element of any health system response to such a surge of active cases is the existence of functional emergency care systems. Yet, these systems are markedly underdeveloped in ... ...

    Abstract Cases of COVID-19 are rising quickly on the African continent. A critical element of any health system response to such a surge of active cases is the existence of functional emergency care systems. Yet, these systems are markedly underdeveloped in African countries. This short letter reviews the key role emergency medicine plays in epidemic disease response and actions that ministries of health can take now to shore up gaps in emergency care capacity to avoid needless death and suffering of COVID-19 patients.
    MeSH term(s) Africa/epidemiology ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/therapy ; Emergency Medical Services/methods ; Emergency Medical Services/standards ; Emergency Medical Services/trends ; Humans ; Treatment Outcome
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2375268-3
    ISSN 1938-744X ; 1935-7893
    ISSN (online) 1938-744X
    ISSN 1935-7893
    DOI 10.1017/dmp.2020.239
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Climate change and emergency care in Africa: A scoping review.

    Theron, Elzarie / Bills, Corey B / Calvello Hynes, Emilie J / Stassen, Willem / Rublee, Caitlin

    African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) 121–128

    Abstract: Introduction: Climate change is a global public health emergency with implications for access to care and emergency care service disruptions. The African continent is particularly vulnerable to climate-related extreme weather events due to an already ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Climate change is a global public health emergency with implications for access to care and emergency care service disruptions. The African continent is particularly vulnerable to climate-related extreme weather events due to an already overburdened health system, lack of early warning signs, poverty, inadequate infrastructure, and variable adaptive capacity. Emergency care services are not only utilized during these events but also threatened by these hazards. Considering that the effects of climate change are expected to increase in intensity and prevalence, it is increasingly important for emergency care to prepare to respond to the changes in presentation and demand. The aim of this study was to perform a scoping review of the available literature on the relationship between climate change and emergency care on the African continent.
    Methods: A scoping review was completed using five databases: Pubmed, Web of Science, GreenFILE, Africa Wide Information, and Google Scholar. A 'grey' literature search was done to identify key reports and references from included articles. Two independent reviewers screened articles and a third reviewer decided conflicts. A total of 1,382 individual articles were initially screened with 17 meeting full text review. A total of six articles were included in the final analysis. Data from four countries were represented including Uganda, Ghana, Tanzania, and Nigeria.
    Results: Analysis of the six articles yielded three key themes that were identified: climate-related health impacts that contribute to surges in demand and resource utilization, opportunities for health sector engagement, and solutions to improve emergency preparedness. Authors used the outcomes of the review to propose 10 recommendations for decision-makers and leaders.
    Dxdiscussion: Incorporating these key recommendations at the local and national level could help improve preparedness and adaptation measures in highly vulnerable, populated areas on the African continent.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-26
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2211-4203
    ISSN (online) 2211-4203
    DOI 10.1016/j.afjem.2022.02.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Defining measures of emergency care access in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review.

    Hirner, Sarah / Dhakal, Jyotshila / Broccoli, Morgan Carol / Ross, Madeline / Calvello Hynes, Emilie J / Bills, Corey B

    BMJ open

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 4, Page(s) e067884

    Abstract: Background: Over 50% of annual deaths in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) could be averted through access to high-quality emergency care.: Objectives: We performed a scoping review of the literature that described at least one measure ... ...

    Abstract Background: Over 50% of annual deaths in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) could be averted through access to high-quality emergency care.
    Objectives: We performed a scoping review of the literature that described at least one measure of emergency care access in LMICs in order to understand relevant barriers to emergency care systems.
    Eligibility criteria: English language studies published between 1 January 1990 and 30 December 2020, with one or more discrete measure(s) of access to emergency health services in LMICs described.
    Source of evidence: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and the grey literature.
    Charting methods: A structured data extraction tool was used to identify and classify the number of 'unique' measures, and the number of times each unique measure was studied in the literature ('total' measures). Measures of access were categorised by access type, defined by Thomas and Penchansky, with further categorisation according to the 'Three Delay' model of seeking, reaching and receiving care, and the WHO's Emergency Care Systems Framework (ECSF).
    Results: A total of 3103 articles were screened. 75 met full study inclusion. Articles were uniformly descriptive (n=75, 100%). 137 discrete measures of access were reported. Unique measures of accommodation (n=42, 30.7%) and availability (n=40, 29.2%) were most common. Measures of seeking, reaching and receiving care were 22 (16.0%), 46 (33.6%) and 69 (50.4%), respectively. According to the ECSF slightly more measures focused on prehospital care-inclusive of care at the scene and through transport to a facility (n=76, 55.4%) as compared with facility-based care (n=57, 41.6%).
    Conclusions: Numerous measures of emergency care access are described in the literature, but many measures are overaddressed. Development of a core set of access measures with associated minimum standards are necessary to aid in ensuring universal access to high-quality emergency care in all settings.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Developing Countries ; Emergency Medical Services ; Quality of Health Care ; Accommodation, Ocular
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067884
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Developing emergency care systems: a human rights-based approach.

    Burkholder, Taylor W / Hill, Kimberly / Calvello Hynes, Emilie J

    Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    2019  Volume 97, Issue 9, Page(s) 612–619

    Abstract: The delivery of emergency care is an effective strategy to reduce the global burden of disease. Emergency care cross cuts traditional disease-focused disciplines to manage a wide range of the acute illnesses and injuries that contribute substantially to ... ...

    Abstract The delivery of emergency care is an effective strategy to reduce the global burden of disease. Emergency care cross cuts traditional disease-focused disciplines to manage a wide range of the acute illnesses and injuries that contribute substantially to death and disability, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. While the universal health coverage (UHC) movement is gaining support, and human rights and health systems are integral to UCH, few concrete discussions on the human right to emergency care have been taken place to date. Furthermore, no rights-based approach to developing emergency care systems has been proposed. In this article, we explore key components of the right to health (that is, availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of health facilities, goods and services) as they relate to emergency care systems. We propose the use of a rights-based framework for the fulfilment of core obligations of the right to health and the progressive realization of emergency care in all countries.
    MeSH term(s) Developing Countries ; Emergency Medical Services ; Global Health ; Health Services Accessibility ; Human Rights ; Humans ; Quality of Health Care ; Right to Health ; United Nations ; Universal Health Insurance
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80213-x
    ISSN 1564-0604 ; 0042-9686 ; 0366-4996 ; 0510-8659
    ISSN (online) 1564-0604
    ISSN 0042-9686 ; 0366-4996 ; 0510-8659
    DOI 10.2471/BLT.18.226605
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Climate change and emergency care in Africa

    Elzarie Theron / Corey B Bills / Emilie J Calvello Hynes / Willem Stassen / Caitlin Rublee

    African Journal of Emergency Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 2, Pp 121-

    A scoping review

    2022  Volume 128

    Abstract: Introduction: Climate change is a global public health emergency with implications for access to care and emergency care service disruptions. The African continent is particularly vulnerable to climate-related extreme weather events due to an already ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Climate change is a global public health emergency with implications for access to care and emergency care service disruptions. The African continent is particularly vulnerable to climate-related extreme weather events due to an already overburdened health system, lack of early warning signs, poverty, inadequate infrastructure, and variable adaptive capacity. Emergency care services are not only utilized during these events but also threatened by these hazards. Considering that the effects of climate change are expected to increase in intensity and prevalence, it is increasingly important for emergency care to prepare to respond to the changes in presentation and demand. The aim of this study was to perform a scoping review of the available literature on the relationship between climate change and emergency care on the African continent. Methods: A scoping review was completed using five databases: Pubmed, Web of Science, GreenFILE, Africa Wide Information, and Google Scholar. A ‘grey’ literature search was done to identify key reports and references from included articles. Two independent reviewers screened articles and a third reviewer decided conflicts. A total of 1,382 individual articles were initially screened with 17 meeting full text review. A total of six articles were included in the final analysis. Data from four countries were represented including Uganda, Ghana, Tanzania, and Nigeria. Results: Analysis of the six articles yielded three key themes that were identified: climate-related health impacts that contribute to surges in demand and resource utilization, opportunities for health sector engagement, and solutions to improve emergency preparedness. Authors used the outcomes of the review to propose 10 recommendations for decision-makers and leaders. DXDiscussion: Incorporating these key recommendations at the local and national level could help improve preparedness and adaptation measures in highly vulnerable, populated areas on the African continent.
    Keywords Climate change ; Disaster preparedness ; Climate change adaptation ; Climate change resilience ; Emergency medicine ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 306
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  8. Article: Emergency Care Systems: The Missing Link for Effective Treatment of COVID-19 in Africa

    Calvello Hynes, Emilie J / Bills, Corey B

    Disaster Med Public Health Prep

    Abstract: Cases of COVID-19 are rising quickly on the African continent. A critical element of any health system response to such a surge of active cases is the existence of functional emergency care systems. Yet, these systems are markedly underdeveloped in ... ...

    Abstract Cases of COVID-19 are rising quickly on the African continent. A critical element of any health system response to such a surge of active cases is the existence of functional emergency care systems. Yet, these systems are markedly underdeveloped in African countries. This short letter reviews the key role emergency medicine plays in epidemic disease response and actions that ministries of health can take now to shore up gaps in emergency care capacity to avoid needless death and suffering of COVID-19 patients.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #651973
    Database COVID19

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  9. Article ; Online: Defining measures of emergency care access in low-income and middle-income countries

    Corey B Bills / Emilie J Calvello Hynes / Sarah Hirner / Jyotshila Dhakal / Morgan Carol Broccoli / Madeline Ross

    BMJ Open, Vol 13, Iss

    a scoping review

    2023  Volume 4

    Abstract: Background Over 50% of annual deaths in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) could be averted through access to high-quality emergency care.Objectives We performed a scoping review of the literature that described at least one measure of ... ...

    Abstract Background Over 50% of annual deaths in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) could be averted through access to high-quality emergency care.Objectives We performed a scoping review of the literature that described at least one measure of emergency care access in LMICs in order to understand relevant barriers to emergency care systems.Eligibility criteria English language studies published between 1 January 1990 and 30 December 2020, with one or more discrete measure(s) of access to emergency health services in LMICs described.Source of evidence PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and the grey literature.Charting methods A structured data extraction tool was used to identify and classify the number of ‘unique’ measures, and the number of times each unique measure was studied in the literature (‘total’ measures). Measures of access were categorised by access type, defined by Thomas and Penchansky, with further categorisation according to the ‘Three Delay’ model of seeking, reaching and receiving care, and the WHO’s Emergency Care Systems Framework (ECSF).Results A total of 3103 articles were screened. 75 met full study inclusion. Articles were uniformly descriptive (n=75, 100%). 137 discrete measures of access were reported. Unique measures of accommodation (n=42, 30.7%) and availability (n=40, 29.2%) were most common. Measures of seeking, reaching and receiving care were 22 (16.0%), 46 (33.6%) and 69 (50.4%), respectively. According to the ECSF slightly more measures focused on prehospital care—inclusive of care at the scene and through transport to a facility (n=76, 55.4%) as compared with facility-based care (n=57, 41.6%).Conclusions Numerous measures of emergency care access are described in the literature, but many measures are overaddressed. Development of a core set of access measures with associated minimum standards are necessary to aid in ensuring universal access to high-quality emergency care in all settings.
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 306
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Emergency Care Systems

    Calvello Hynes, Emilie J. / Bills, Corey B.

    Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness

    The Missing Link for Effective Treatment of COVID-19 in Africa

    2020  , Page(s) 1–2

    Abstract: Abstract Cases of COVID-19 are rising quickly on the African continent. A critical element of any health system response to such a surge of active cases is the existence of functional emergency care systems. Yet, these systems are markedly underdeveloped ...

    Abstract Abstract Cases of COVID-19 are rising quickly on the African continent. A critical element of any health system response to such a surge of active cases is the existence of functional emergency care systems. Yet, these systems are markedly underdeveloped in African countries. This short letter reviews the key role emergency medicine plays in epidemic disease response and actions that ministries of health can take now to shore up gaps in emergency care capacity to avoid needless death and suffering of COVID-19 patients.
    Keywords Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publishing country uk
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2375268-3
    ISSN 1938-744X ; 1935-7893
    ISSN (online) 1938-744X
    ISSN 1935-7893
    DOI 10.1017/dmp.2020.239
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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