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Book ; Online ; E-Book: The finding solid ground program workbook

Schielke, Hugo J. / Brand, Bethany L. / Lanius, Ruth A.

overcoming obstacles in trauma recovery

2022

Abstract: In this workbook, expert authors guide readers step by step along the path of healing from trauma, and offer specific exercises to practice daily that will help trauma survivors feel safer and develop a grounded, worthy sense of self. This book includes ... ...

Author's details	Hugo J. Schielke, Bethany L. Brand, Ruth A. Lanius
Abstract	In this workbook, expert authors guide readers step by step along the path of healing from trauma, and offer specific exercises to practice daily that will help trauma survivors feel safer and develop a grounded, worthy sense of self. This book includes the Information Sheets and Exercises that are the foundation for the Finding Solid Ground program.
Keywords	Post-traumatic stress disorder/Treatment
Subject code	616.8521
Language	English
Size	1 online resource (289 pages)
Publisher	Oxford University Press
Publishing place	New York, New York
Document type	Book ; Online ; E-Book
Note	Description based upon print version of record.
Remark	Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
ISBN	0-19-762904-0 ; 0-19-762905-9 ; 9780197629031 ; 978-0-19-762904-8 ; 978-0-19-762905-5 ; 0197629032
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Book: The impact of early life trauma on health and disease

Lanius, Ruth A. / Vermetten, Eric / Pain, Clare

the hidden epidemic

2010

Author's details	ed. by Ruth A. Lanius ; Eric Vermetten ; Clare Pain
Keywords	Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / complications ; Mental Disorders / etiology ; Adult Survivors of Child Abuse / psychology
Language	English
Size	XVII, 315 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., 25 cm
Publisher	Cambridge Univ. Press
Publishing place	Cambridge u.a.
Publishing country	Great Britain
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT016480281
ISBN	978-0-521-88026-8 ; 0-521-88026-2
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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2010 A 4332	order for loan	Magazin

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Article: The brain-body disconnect: A somatic sensory basis for trauma-related disorders.

Kearney, Breanne E / Lanius, Ruth A

Frontiers in neuroscience

2022 Volume 16, Page(s) 1015749

Abstract: Although the manifestation of trauma in the body is a phenomenon well-endorsed by clinicians and traumatized individuals, the neurobiological underpinnings of this manifestation remain unclear. The notion of somatic sensory processing, which encompasses ... ...

Abstract	Although the manifestation of trauma in the body is a phenomenon well-endorsed by clinicians and traumatized individuals, the neurobiological underpinnings of this manifestation remain unclear. The notion of somatic sensory processing, which encompasses vestibular and somatosensory processing and relates to the sensory systems concerned with how the physical body exists in and relates to physical space, is introduced as a major contributor to overall regulatory, social-emotional, and self-referential functioning. From a phylogenetically and ontogenetically informed perspective, trauma-related symptomology is conceptualized to be grounded in brainstem-level somatic sensory processing dysfunction and its cascading influences on physiological arousal modulation, affect regulation, and higher-order capacities. Lastly, we introduce a novel hierarchical model bridging somatic sensory processes with limbic and neocortical mechanisms regulating an individual's emotional experience and sense of a relational, agentive self. This model provides a working framework for the neurobiologically informed assessment and treatment of trauma-related conditions from a somatic sensory processing perspective.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2411902-7
ISSN	1662-453X ; 1662-4548
ISSN (online)	1662-453X
ISSN	1662-4548
DOI	10.3389/fnins.2022.1015749
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: How Processing of Sensory Information From the Internal and External Worlds Shape the Perception and Engagement With the World in the Aftermath of Trauma: Implications for PTSD.

Harricharan, Sherain / McKinnon, Margaret C / Lanius, Ruth A

Frontiers in neuroscience

2021 Volume 15, Page(s) 625490

Abstract: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is triggered by an individual experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, often precipitating persistent flashbacks and severe anxiety that are associated with a fearful and hypervigilant presentation. ... ...

Abstract	Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is triggered by an individual experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, often precipitating persistent flashbacks and severe anxiety that are associated with a fearful and hypervigilant presentation. Approximately 14-30% of traumatized individuals present with the dissociative subtype of PTSD, which is often associated with repeated or childhood trauma. This presentation includes symptoms of depersonalization and derealization, where individuals may feel as if the world or self is "dream-like" and not real and/or describe "out-of-body" experiences. Here, we review putative neural alterations that may underlie how sensations are experienced among traumatized individuals with PTSD and its dissociative subtype, including those from the outside world (e.g., touch, auditory, and visual sensations) and the internal world of the body (e.g., visceral sensations, physical sensations associated with feeling states). We postulate that alterations in the neural pathways important for the processing of sensations originating in the outer and inner worlds may have cascading effects on the performance of higher-order cognitive functions, including emotion regulation, social cognition, and goal-oriented action, thereby shaping the perception of and engagement with the world. Finally, we introduce a theoretical neurobiological framework to account for altered sensory processing among traumatized individuals with and without the dissociative subtype of PTSD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2411902-7
ISSN	1662-453X ; 1662-4548
ISSN (online)	1662-453X
ISSN	1662-4548
DOI	10.3389/fnins.2021.625490
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Trauma-related dissociation and altered states of consciousness: a call for clinical, treatment, and neuroscience research.

Lanius, Ruth A

European journal of psychotraumatology

2015 Volume 6, Page(s) 27905

Abstract: ... of consciousness in the context of a four-dimensional model that has recently been proposed (Frewen & Lanius, 2015 ...

Abstract	The primary aim of this commentary is to describe trauma-related dissociation and altered states of consciousness in the context of a four-dimensional model that has recently been proposed (Frewen & Lanius, 2015). This model categorizes symptoms of trauma-related psychopathology into (1) those that occur within normal waking consciousness and (2) those that are dissociative and are associated with trauma-related altered states of consciousness (TRASC) along four dimensions: (1) time; (2) thought; (3) body; and (4) emotion. Clinical applications and future research directions relevant to each dimension are discussed. Conceptualizing TRASC across the dimensions of time, thought, body, and emotion has transdiagnostic implications for trauma-related disorders described in both the Diagnostic Statistical Manual and the International Classifications of Diseases. The four-dimensional model provides a framework, guided by existing models of dissociation, for future research examining the phenomenological, neurobiological, and physiological underpinnings of trauma-related dissociation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-05-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2586642-4
ISSN	2000-8066 ; 2000-8066 ; 2000-8198
ISSN (online)	2000-8066
ISSN	2000-8066 ; 2000-8198
DOI	10.3402/ejpt.v6.27905
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Article ; Online: Homeostatic normalization of alpha brain rhythms within the default-mode network and reduced symptoms in post-traumatic stress disorder following a randomized controlled trial of electroencephalogram neurofeedback.

Nicholson, Andrew A / Densmore, Maria / Frewen, Paul A / Neufeld, Richard W J / Théberge, Jean / Jetly, Rakesh / Lanius, Ruth A / Ros, Tomas

Brain communications

2023 Volume 5, Issue 2, Page(s) fcad068

Abstract: Collective research has identified a key electroencephalogram signature in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder, consisting of abnormally reduced alpha (8-12 Hz) rhythms. We conducted a 20-session, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of ... ...

Abstract	Collective research has identified a key electroencephalogram signature in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder, consisting of abnormally reduced alpha (8-12 Hz) rhythms. We conducted a 20-session, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of alpha desynchronizing neurofeedback in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder over 20 weeks. Our objective was to provide mechanistic evidence underlying potential clinical improvements by examining changes in aberrant post-traumatic stress disorder brain rhythms (namely, alpha oscillations) as a function of neurofeedback treatment. We randomly assigned participants with a primary diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2632-1297
ISSN (online)	2632-1297
DOI	10.1093/braincomms/fcad068
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Article ; Online: The Vestibulocerebellum and the Shattered Self: a Resting-State Functional Connectivity Study in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Its Dissociative Subtype.

Rabellino, Daniela / Thome, Janine / Densmore, Maria / Théberge, Jean / McKinnon, Margaret C / Lanius, Ruth A

Cerebellum (London, England)

2022 Volume 22, Issue 6, Page(s) 1083–1097

Abstract: The flocculus is a region of the vestibulocerebellum dedicated to the coordination of neck, head, and eye movements for optimal posture, balance, and orienting responses. Despite growing evidence of vestibular and oculomotor impairments in the aftermath ... ...

Abstract	The flocculus is a region of the vestibulocerebellum dedicated to the coordination of neck, head, and eye movements for optimal posture, balance, and orienting responses. Despite growing evidence of vestibular and oculomotor impairments in the aftermath of traumatic stress, little is known about the effects of chronic psychological trauma on vestibulocerebellar functioning. Here, we investigated alterations in functional connectivity of the flocculus at rest among individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its dissociative subtype (PTSD + DS) as compared to healthy controls. Forty-four healthy controls, 57 PTSD, and 32 PTSD + DS underwent 6-min resting-state MRI scans. Seed-based functional connectivity analyses using the right and left flocculi as seeds were performed. These analyses revealed that, as compared to controls, PTSD and PTSD + DS showed decreased resting-state functional connectivity of the left flocculus with cortical regions involved in bodily self-consciousness, including the temporo-parietal junction, the supramarginal and angular gyri, and the superior parietal lobule. Moreover, as compared to controls, the PTSD + DS group showed decreased functional connectivity of the left flocculus with the medial prefrontal cortex, the precuneus, and the mid/posterior cingulum, key regions of the default mode network. Critically, when comparing PTSD + DS to PTSD, we observed increased functional connectivity of the right flocculus with the right anterior hippocampus, a region affected frequently by early life trauma. Taken together, our findings point toward the crucial role of the flocculus in the neurocircuitry underlying a coherent and embodied self, which can be compromised in PTSD and PTSD + DS.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnostic imaging ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology ; Emotions ; Cerebellar Vermis ; Hippocampus ; Dissociative Disorders ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2112586-7
ISSN	1473-4230 ; 1473-4222
ISSN (online)	1473-4230
ISSN	1473-4222
DOI	10.1007/s12311-022-01467-4
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: How the body remembers: Examining the default mode and sensorimotor networks during moral injury autobiographical memory retrieval in PTSD.

Kearney, Breanne E / Terpou, Braeden A / Densmore, Maria / Shaw, Saurabh B / Théberge, Jean / Jetly, Rakesh / McKinnon, Margaret C / Lanius, Ruth A

NeuroImage. Clinical

2023 Volume 38, Page(s) 103426

Abstract: Neural representations of sensory percepts and motor responses constitute key elements of autobiographical memory. However, these representations may remain as unintegrated sensory and motor fragments in traumatic memory, thus contributing toward re- ... ...

Abstract	Neural representations of sensory percepts and motor responses constitute key elements of autobiographical memory. However, these representations may remain as unintegrated sensory and motor fragments in traumatic memory, thus contributing toward re-experiencing and reliving symptoms in trauma-related conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, we investigated the sensorimotor network (SMN) and posterior default mode network (pDMN) using a group independent component analysis (ICA) by examining their functional connectivity during a script-driven memory retrieval paradigm of (potentially) morally injurious events in individuals with PTSD and healthy controls. Moral injury (MI), where an individual acts or fails to act in a morally aligned manner, is examined given its inherent ties to disrupted motor planning and thus sensorimotor mechanisms. Our findings revealed significant differences in functional network connectivity across the SMN and pDMN during MI retrieval in participants with PTSD (n = 65) as compared to healthy controls (n = 25). No such significant group-wise differences emerged during retrieval of a neutral memory. PTSD-related alterations included hyperconnectivity between the SMN and pDMN, enhanced within-network connectivity of the SMN with premotor areas, and increased recruitment of the supramarginal gyrus into both the SMN and the pDMN during MI retrieval. In parallel with these neuroimaging findings, a positive correlation was found between PTSD severity and subjective re-experiencing intensity ratings after MI retrieval. These results suggest a neural basis for traumatic re-experiencing, where reliving and/or re-enacting a past morally injurious event in the form of sensory and motor fragments occurs in place of retrieving a complete, past-contextualized narrative as put forth by Brewin and colleagues (1996) and Conway and Pleydell-Pearce (2000). These findings have implications for bottom-up treatments targeting directly the sensory and motoric elements of traumatic experiences.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnostic imaging ; Brain ; Memory, Episodic ; Brain Mapping ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2701571-3
ISSN	2213-1582 ; 2213-1582
ISSN (online)	2213-1582
ISSN	2213-1582
DOI	10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103426
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Article ; Online: Increased top-down control of emotions during symptom provocation working memory tasks following a RCT of alpha-down neurofeedback in PTSD.

Shaw, Saurabh Bhaskar / Nicholson, Andrew A / Ros, Tomas / Harricharan, Sherain / Terpou, Braeden / Densmore, Maria / Theberge, Jean / Frewen, Paul / Lanius, Ruth A

NeuroImage. Clinical

2023 Volume 37, Page(s) 103313

Abstract: Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been found to be associated with emotion under-modulation from the prefrontal cortex and a breakdown of the top-down control of cognition and emotion. Novel adjunct therapies such as neurofeedback ( ... ...

Abstract	Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been found to be associated with emotion under-modulation from the prefrontal cortex and a breakdown of the top-down control of cognition and emotion. Novel adjunct therapies such as neurofeedback (NFB) have been shown to normalize aberrant neural circuits that underlie PTSD psychopathology at rest. However, little evidence exists for NFB-linked neural improvements under emotionally relevant cognitive load. The current study sought to address this gap by examining the effects of alpha-down NFB in the context of an emotional n-back task. Methods: We conducted a 20-week double-blind randomized, sham-controlled trial of alpha-down NFB and collected neuroimaging data before and after the NFB protocol. Participants performed an emotional 1-back and 2-back working memory task, with interleaved trauma-neutral and trauma-relevant cues in the fMRI scanner. Data from 35 participants with a primary diagnosis of PTSD were analyzed in this study (n = 18 in the experimental group undergoing alpha-down NFB, n = 17 in the sham-control group). Results: Firstly, within-group analyses showed clinically significant reductions in PTSD symptom severity scores at the post-intervention timepoint and 3-month follow-up for the experimental group, and not for the sham-control group. The neuroimaging analyses revealed that alpha-down NFB enhanced engagement of top-down cognitive and emotional control centers, such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and improved integration of the anterior and posterior parts of the default mode network (DMN). Finally, our results also indicate that increased alpha-down NFB performance correlated with increased activity in brain regions involved in top-down control and bodily consciousness/embodied processing of self (TPJ and posterior insula). Conclusion: This is the first study to provide mechanistic insights into how NFB may normalize dysfunctional brain activity and connectivity in PTSD under cognitive load with simultaneous symptom provocation, adding to a growing body of evidence supporting the therapeutic neuromodulatory effects of NFB. This preliminary study highlights the benefits of alpha-down NFB training as an adjunctive therapy for PTSD and warrants further investigation into its therapeutic effects on cognitive and emotion control in those with PTSD.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnostic imaging ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/therapy ; Memory, Short-Term ; Neurofeedback ; Emotions ; Brain ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-03
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2701571-3
ISSN	2213-1582 ; 2213-1582
ISSN (online)	2213-1582
ISSN	2213-1582
DOI	10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103313
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Article ; Online: Altered Resting-State functional connectivity in the anterior and posterior hippocampus in Post-traumatic stress disorder: The central role of the anterior hippocampus.

Chaposhloo, Mohammad / Nicholson, Andrew A / Becker, Suzanna / McKinnon, Margaret C / Lanius, Ruth / Shaw, Saurabh Bhaskar

NeuroImage. Clinical

2023 Volume 38, Page(s) 103417

Abstract: Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder can be viewed as a memory disorder, with trauma-related flashbacks being a core symptom. Given the central role of the hippocampus in autobiographical memory, surprisingly, there is mixed evidence concerning ... ...

Abstract	Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder can be viewed as a memory disorder, with trauma-related flashbacks being a core symptom. Given the central role of the hippocampus in autobiographical memory, surprisingly, there is mixed evidence concerning altered hippocampal functional connectivity in PTSD. We shed light on this discrepancy by considering the distinct roles of the anterior versus posterior hippocampus and examine how this distinction may map onto whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity patterns among those with and without PTSD. Methods: We first assessed whole-brain between-group differences in the functional connectivity profiles of the anterior and posterior hippocampus within a publicly available data set of resting-state fMRI data from 31 male Vietnam war veterans diagnosed with PTSD (mean age = 67.6 years, sd = 2.3) and 29 age-matched combat-exposed male controls (age = 69.1 years, sd = 3.5). Next, the connectivity patterns of each subject within the PTSD group were correlated with their PTSD symptom scores. Finally, the between-group differences in whole-brain functional connectivity profiles discovered for the anterior and posterior hippocampal seeds were used to prescribe post-hoc ROIs, which were then used to perform ROI-to-ROI functional connectivity and graph-theoretic analyses. Results: The PTSD group showed increased functional connectivity of the anterior hippocampus with affective brain regions (anterior/posterior insula, orbitofrontal cortex, temporal pole) and decreased functional connectivity of the anterior/posterior hippocampus with regions involved in processing bodily self-consciousness (supramarginal gyrus). Notably, decreased anterior hippocampus connectivity with the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus was associated with increased PTSD symptom severity. The left anterior hippocampus also emerged as a central locus of abnormal functional connectivity, with graph-theoretic measures suggestive of a more central hub-like role for this region in those with PTSD compared to trauma-exposed controls. Conclusions: Our results highlight that the anterior hippocampus plays a critical role in the neurocircuitry underlying PTSD and underscore the importance of the differential roles of hippocampal sub-regions in serving as biomarkers of PTSD. Future studies should investigate whether the differential patterns of functional connectivity stemming from hippocampal sub-regions is observed in PTSD populations other than older war veterans.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Aged ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ; Brain ; Brain Mapping ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Hippocampus/diagnostic imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-28
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2701571-3
ISSN	2213-1582 ; 2213-1582
ISSN (online)	2213-1582
ISSN	2213-1582
DOI	10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103417
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