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Book ; Online: Advances in Research on Age in the Workplace and Retirement

Scheibe, Susanne / Zacher, Hannes / Rudolph, Cort W.

2018

Abstract: Shifts in the age composition of the workforce coupled with dynamic definitions of retirement represent important issues that influence work processes and, more generally, the experience of working across one's career. For example, redefinitions of ... ...

Abstract	Shifts in the age composition of the workforce coupled with dynamic definitions of retirement represent important issues that influence work processes and, more generally, the experience of working across one's career. For example, redefinitions of careers and the changing nature of working have contributed to the emergence of distinct forms and patterns of work experiences across the prototypical work lifespan. Likewise, older individuals are increasingly delaying retirement in favor of longer-term labor force participation.- The study of age and work, and work and retirement by industrial, work, and organizational (IWO) psychologists and scholars of human resources management and organizational behavior (HR/OB) has recently proliferated in part as a result of such trends, along with the recognition that age-related processes are important indicators of various proximal (e.g., job attitudes, work behaviors, work motives, and wellbeing) and distal outcomes (e.g., sustainable employability, climates for aging, and firm performance) at various levels of abstraction in modern work environments.Recent theoretical advances have suggested that age, along with individual psychological factors and various contextual influences can jointly influence work outcomes that contribute to long-term employment success, including work performance, job attitudes, work orientations, and motivations.- Similar theoretical developments concerning retirement have postulated individual and contextual elements that drive success in the transition from career and work roles to non-work and leisure as well as post-retirement bridge employment roles.In this Research Topic, we aim to curate a collection of papers that are representative of current trends and advances in thinking about and investigating the role of age in workplace processes and the changing nature of retirement. Our hope is to showcase various contemporary ideas and rigorous empirical studies as a means to inform broader thinking and to support enhanced theorizing and organizational practice regarding these processes
Keywords	Science (General) ; Psychology
Size	1 electronic resource (244 p.)
Publisher	Frontiers Media SA
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	English ; Open Access
HBZ-ID	HT020099588
ISBN	9782889453931 ; 2889453936
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: Whether and how to regulate: Emotion regulation in negative-feedback situations.

Grundmann, Felix / Epstude, Kai / Scheibe, Susanne

Journal of experimental psychology. General

2024 Volume 153, Issue 5, Page(s) 1281–1308

Abstract: Emotion-regulation goals are often studied in isolation, despite them typically occurring in the presence of alternative goals. Negative feedback situations offer an intriguing context to study the interplay of emotion-regulation goals (wanting to feel ... ...

Abstract	Emotion-regulation goals are often studied in isolation, despite them typically occurring in the presence of alternative goals. Negative feedback situations offer an intriguing context to study the interplay of emotion-regulation goals (wanting to feel better) and performance goals (wanting to perform better). Across five preregistered online studies (
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Emotional Regulation/physiology ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Goals ; Feedback, Psychological/physiology ; Young Adult ; Emotions/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	189732-9
ISSN	1939-2222 ; 0096-3445
ISSN (online)	1939-2222
ISSN	0096-3445
DOI	10.1037/xge0001566
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Article ; Online: Empathising with masked targets: limited side effects of face masks on empathy for dynamic, context-rich stimuli.

Scheibe, Susanne / Grundmann, Felix / Kranenborg, Bart / Epstude, Kai

Cognition & emotion

2023 Volume 37, Issue 4, Page(s) 683–695

Abstract: Multiple studies revealed detrimental effects of face masks on communication, including reduced empathic accuracy and enhanced listening effort. Yet, extant research relied on artificial, decontextualised stimuli, which prevented assessing empathy under ... ...

Abstract	Multiple studies revealed detrimental effects of face masks on communication, including reduced empathic accuracy and enhanced listening effort. Yet, extant research relied on artificial, decontextualised stimuli, which prevented assessing empathy under more ecologically valid conditions. In this preregistered online experiment (
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Empathy ; Masks ; Emotions ; Motivation
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639123-0
ISSN	1464-0600 ; 0269-9931
ISSN (online)	1464-0600
ISSN	0269-9931
DOI	10.1080/02699931.2023.2193385
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Article ; Online: Predicting real-world behaviour: Cognition-emotion links across adulthood and everyday functioning at work.

Scheibe, Susanne

Cognition & emotion

2018 Volume 33, Issue 1, Page(s) 126–132

Abstract: Inspired by the discovery of positive age trends in emotional well-being across adulthood, lifespan researchers have uncovered fascinating age differences in cognition-emotion interactions in healthy adult samples, for example in emotion processing, ... ...

Abstract	Inspired by the discovery of positive age trends in emotional well-being across adulthood, lifespan researchers have uncovered fascinating age differences in cognition-emotion interactions in healthy adult samples, for example in emotion processing, memory, reactivity, perception, and regulation. Taking stock of this body of research, I identify four trends and five remaining gaps in our understanding of emotional functioning in adulthood. In particular, I suggest that the field should pay stronger attention to the prediction of real-world behaviour. Using the sample case of work functioning, I outline gaps in current knowledge, including the lack of data on middle-aged adults, the neglect of relevant cognitive-emotional mechanisms, and the unclear role of life experience. Filling these gaps will enable progress in research on emotional aging in and beyond the work setting and enhance its practical utility for individuals, organisations, and society.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aging/psychology ; Behavior/physiology ; Cognition/physiology ; Emotions/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Work/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	639123-0
ISSN	1464-0600 ; 0269-9931
ISSN (online)	1464-0600
ISSN	0269-9931
DOI	10.1080/02699931.2018.1500446
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Article ; Online: Resilience during Crisis and the Role of Age: Involuntary Telework during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Scheibe, Susanne / De Bloom, Jessica / Modderman, Ton

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 3

Abstract: We investigated the relationship between age, resilience, job demands and resources, and self-regulation in 1715 university employees during the COVID-19 pandemic (February 2021) by means of an online survey with closed and open questions. Correlation, ... ...

Abstract	We investigated the relationship between age, resilience, job demands and resources, and self-regulation in 1715 university employees during the COVID-19 pandemic (February 2021) by means of an online survey with closed and open questions. Correlation, regression, and qualitative analyses showed that older employees reported higher resilience than younger employees. This finding was robust after controlling for background factors (i.e., gender, expat status, job type, living alone). Age and resilience were directly related to higher job resources (i.e., job security and equipment), work-life balance, and seeing positives, whereas the relationship to demands was ambiguous. Age was unrelated to workload, negatively related to childcare, and positively to eldercare. Resilience was negatively related to workload but unrelated to childcare or eldercare demands. When all variables were combined to jointly predict resilience, age, job resources, and self-regulation resources predicted resilience, whereas demands (i.e., workload, childcare, and eldercare demands) did not. Our findings suggest that age-related advantages in well-being have persisted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Older workers were more likely to reframe the crisis and see it as an opportunity for personal growth. They possess and utilize resources in unique and beneficial ways, which could also benefit younger workers.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Teleworking ; Workload
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph19031762
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Article ; Online: Resilience during Crisis and the Role of Age

Susanne Scheibe / Jessica De Bloom / Ton Modderman

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 1762, p

Involuntary Telework during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2022 Volume 1762

Abstract	We investigated the relationship between age, resilience, job demands and resources, and self-regulation in 1715 university employees during the COVID-19 pandemic (February 2021) by means of an online survey with closed and open questions. Correlation, regression, and qualitative analyses showed that older employees reported higher resilience than younger employees. This finding was robust after controlling for background factors (i.e., gender, expat status, job type, living alone). Age and resilience were directly related to higher job resources (i.e., job security and equipment), work–life balance, and seeing positives, whereas the relationship to demands was ambiguous. Age was unrelated to workload, negatively related to childcare, and positively to eldercare. Resilience was negatively related to workload but unrelated to childcare or eldercare demands. When all variables were combined to jointly predict resilience, age, job resources, and self-regulation resources predicted resilience, whereas demands (i.e., workload, childcare, and eldercare demands) did not. Our findings suggest that age-related advantages in well-being have persisted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Older workers were more likely to reframe the crisis and see it as an opportunity for personal growth. They possess and utilize resources in unique and beneficial ways, which could also benefit younger workers.
Keywords	coronavirus ; work and age ; resilience ; well-being ; remote work ; job demands–resource model ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	331 ; 650
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Development and validation of film stimuli to assess empathy in the work context.

Wieck, Cornelia / Scheibe, Susanne / Kunzmann, Ute

Behavior research methods

2021 Volume 54, Issue 1, Page(s) 75–93

Abstract: A growing body of research suggests that empathy predicts important work outcomes, yet limitations in existing measures to assess empathy have been noted. Extending past work on the assessment of empathy, this study introduces a newly developed set of ... ...

Abstract	A growing body of research suggests that empathy predicts important work outcomes, yet limitations in existing measures to assess empathy have been noted. Extending past work on the assessment of empathy, this study introduces a newly developed set of emotion-eliciting film clips that can be used to assess both cognitive (emotion perception) and affective (emotional congruence and sympathy) facets of empathy in vivo. Using the relived emotions paradigm, film protagonists were instructed to think aloud about an autobiographical, emotional event from working life and relive their emotions while being videotaped. Subsequently, protagonists were asked to provide self-reports of the intensity of their emotions during retelling their event. In a first study with 128 employees, who watched the film clips and rated their own as well as the protagonists' emotions, we found that the film clips are effective in eliciting moderate levels of emotions as well as sympathy in the test taker and can be used to calculate reliable convergence scores of emotion perception and emotional congruence. Using a selected subset of six film clips, a second two-wave study with 99 employees revealed that all facet-specific measures of empathy had moderate-to-high internal consistencies and test-retest reliabilities, and correlated in expected ways with other self-report and test-based empathy tests, cognition, and demographic variables. With these films, we expand the choice of testing materials for empathy in organizational research to cover a larger array of research questions.
MeSH term(s)	Cognition ; Emotions ; Empathy ; Humans ; Motion Pictures
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	231560-9
ISSN	1554-3528 ; 0743-3808 ; 1554-351X
ISSN (online)	1554-3528
ISSN	0743-3808 ; 1554-351X
DOI	10.3758/s13428-021-01594-6
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Article ; Online: Face masks reduce emotion-recognition accuracy and perceived closeness.

Grundmann, Felix / Epstude, Kai / Scheibe, Susanne

PloS one

2021 Volume 16, Issue 4, Page(s) e0249792

Abstract: Face masks became the symbol of the global fight against the coronavirus. While face masks' medical benefits are clear, little is known about their psychological consequences. Drawing on theories of the social functions of emotions and rapid trait ... ...

Abstract	Face masks became the symbol of the global fight against the coronavirus. While face masks' medical benefits are clear, little is known about their psychological consequences. Drawing on theories of the social functions of emotions and rapid trait impressions, we tested hypotheses on face masks' effects on emotion-recognition accuracy and social judgments (perceived trustworthiness, likability, and closeness). Our preregistered study with 191 German adults revealed that face masks diminish people's ability to accurately categorize an emotion expression and make target persons appear less close. Exploratory analyses further revealed that face masks buffered the negative effect of negative (vs. non-negative) emotion expressions on perceptions of trustworthiness, likability, and closeness. Associating face masks with the coronavirus' dangers predicted higher perceptions of closeness for masked but not for unmasked faces. By highlighting face masks' effects on social functioning, our findings inform policymaking and point at contexts where alternatives to face masks are needed.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; COVID-19/pathology ; COVID-19/virology ; Emotions ; Female ; Humans ; Judgment ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Masks ; Middle Aged ; Recognition, Psychology ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; Social Perception ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0249792
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Empathy at work: The role of age and emotional job demands.

Wieck, Cornelia / Kunzmann, Ute / Scheibe, Susanne

Psychology and aging

2021 Volume 36, Issue 1, Page(s) 36–48

Abstract: Empathy-which typically instigates prosocial behavior-comprises both cognitive and affective facets. Research suggests that the cognitive facet of empathy (empathic accuracy) declines with age, whereas the affective facets of empathy (emotional ... ...

Abstract	Empathy-which typically instigates prosocial behavior-comprises both cognitive and affective facets. Research suggests that the cognitive facet of empathy (empathic accuracy) declines with age, whereas the affective facets of empathy (emotional congruence and sympathy) remain stable or increase with age. Going beyond main effects of age, we tested whether working in occupations with varying emotional job demands (EJDs) moderates the effects of age on empathy. We predicted that emotionally demanding occupations provide opportunities to practice empathy and, as a result, may lessen the negative relationship between age and empathic accuracy and/or strengthen the (positive) relationship between age and the affective facets of empathy. A sample of 128 employees (19-65 years) who differed in self-reported EJDs was recruited. Participants viewed film clips portraying different persons retelling a work event during which they experienced positive or negative emotions. After each clip, participants rated the intensity of the protagonist's and their own emotions. Consistent with prior research, our analyses revealed a negative association between age and empathic accuracy, while there were no age differences in emotional congruence and a positive association between age and sympathy. Only the relationship between age and emotional congruence was moderated by EJDs. Contrary to our prediction, relatively older employees in emotionally demanding jobs experienced lower emotional congruence than younger employees. This may suggest that people learn about the double-edged nature of sharing other's feelings as they progress in their career, and thus, keep a healthy distance. Implications for age-comparative research on prosocial processes across adulthood are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Emotions/physiology ; Empathy/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	635596-1
ISSN	1939-1498 ; 0882-7974
ISSN (online)	1939-1498
ISSN	0882-7974
DOI	10.1037/pag0000469
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Article ; Online: Experience, vulnerability, or overload? Emotional job demands as moderator in trajectories of emotional well-being and job satisfaction across the working lifespan.

Reh, Susan / Wieck, Cornelia / Scheibe, Susanne

The Journal of applied psychology

2021 Volume 106, Issue 11, Page(s) 1734–1749

Abstract: Employees exert emotional effort in order to perform their work effectively, albeit to varying degrees based on their occupation. These emotional job demands (EJDs) affect employees' well-being, yet evidence is mixed as to whether these effects are ... ...

Abstract	Employees exert emotional effort in order to perform their work effectively, albeit to varying degrees based on their occupation. These emotional job demands (EJDs) affect employees' well-being, yet evidence is mixed as to whether these effects are positive or negative. One limiting factor in extant studies is that they investigated short-term effects or cross-sectional relationships between EJDs (usually assessed at the employee level) and work outcomes. The present study used an accelerated longitudinal design with a 10-year timespan of data (effectively covering the whole working lifespan) to test the effects of EJDs at the occupational level on long-term trajectories of well-being. Drawing on the model of strengths and vulnerabilities integration (SAVI) from the lifespan psychology literature, we tested three competing effects: an experience effect (EJDs predict increased well-being), a vulnerability effect (EJDs predict diminished well-being), and an overload effect (a non-linear relationship in which very high levels lead to more unfavorable trajectories). Using data of N = 2,478 working adults in Germany drawn from the Socioeconomic Panel Study (SOEP), in tandem with data on EJDs from the Occupational Information Network (O*NET), we found an overload effect of EJDs on trajectories of positive affect and job satisfaction. However, EJDs did not influence trajectories of negative affect. We discuss the implications of our findings for theory and practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Emotions ; Germany ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Longevity ; Occupations
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	219157-x
ISSN	1939-1854 ; 0021-9010
ISSN (online)	1939-1854
ISSN	0021-9010
DOI	10.1037/apl0000859
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