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Article: Physiological effects and mechanisms of action of endocrine disrupting chemicals that alter estrogen signaling.

Henley, Derek V / Korach, Kenneth S

2010 Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) 191–205

MeSH term(s)	Acetates/toxicity ; Animals ; Diethylstilbestrol/toxicity ; Endocrine Disruptors/toxicity ; Estrogens, Non-Steroidal/toxicity ; Genistein/toxicity ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/metabolism ; Humans ; Oils, Volatile/toxicity ; Phytoestrogens/toxicity ; Plant Oils/toxicity ; Risk Assessment ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Tea Tree Oil/toxicity
Chemical Substances	Acetates ; Endocrine Disruptors ; Estrogens, Non-Steroidal ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Oils, Volatile ; Phytoestrogens ; Plant Oils ; Tea Tree Oil (68647-73-4) ; Diethylstilbestrol (731DCA35BT) ; Genistein (DH2M523P0H) ; methoxyacetic acid (F11T1H7Q7W) ; lavender oil (ZBP1YXW0H8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-08-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2075912-5
ISSN	1109-3099
ISSN	1109-3099
DOI	10.14310/horm.2002.1270
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Article: Risk of Pneumonia in Patients with COPD Initiating Fixed Dose Inhaled Corticosteroid (ICS) / Long-Acting Bronchodilator (LABD) Formulations Containing Extrafine Beclometasone Dipropionate versus Patients Initiating LABD Without ICS.

Price, David / Henley, William / Cançado, José Eduardo Delfini / Fabbri, Leonardo M / Kerstjens, Huib A M / Papi, Alberto / Roche, Nicolas / Şen, Elif / Singh, Dave / Vogelmeier, Claus F / Nudo, Elena / Carter, Victoria / Skinner, Derek / Vella, Rebecca / Soriano, Joan B / Kots, Maxim / Georges, George

Pragmatic and observational research

2024 Volume 15, Page(s) 1–16

Abstract: Background: Combined ICS and long-acting bronchodilators (LABD) more effectively reduce COPD exacerbations than LABD therapy alone. Corticosteroid-related adverse effects, including pneumonia, limit ICS use. Previous data suggest this risk is lower for ... ...

Abstract	Background: Combined ICS and long-acting bronchodilators (LABD) more effectively reduce COPD exacerbations than LABD therapy alone. Corticosteroid-related adverse effects, including pneumonia, limit ICS use. Previous data suggest this risk is lower for extrafine beclometasone (ef-BDP). We compared pneumonia risk among new users of fixed dose ICS/LABD formulations containing ef-BDP, versus patients initiating LABD without any ICS. Methods: A propensity-matched historical cohort study design used data from OPCRD. COPD patients with ≥1 year of continuous data who initiated LABD or ICS/LABD formulations containing ef-BDP were matched. Primary outcome was time to pneumonia event, as treated, using either sensitive (physician diagnosed) or specific (physician diagnosed and x-ray or hospital admission confirmed) definitions, with non-inferiority boundary of 15%. Results: 23,898 COPD patients were matched, who were 68±11 years, 54.3% male and 56% current-smokers, while 43% were former-smokers. Initiation of ef-BDP/LABD was not associated with an increased risk of pneumonia versus LABD, for either a sensitive 0.89 (0.78-1.02), P = 0.08 or a specific 0.91 (0.78-1.05), P = 0.18 definition of pneumonia. The probability of remaining pneumonia free 1-year after ef-BDP/LABD was 98.4%, which was comparable to LABD at 97.7%, and was sustained up to 6 years of observation; non-inferiority criterion was met for both definitions. Initiation of ef-BDP/LABD was also associated with a reduced risk of developing LRTIs in the propensity matched cohort. Conclusion: Risk of pneumonia when using ICS for the management of COPD reported in several randomised controlled trials may not be relevant with ef-BDP in a diverse real-world clinical population.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-20
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2586661-8
ISSN	1179-7266
ISSN	1179-7266
DOI	10.2147/POR.S438031
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Article: Endocrine-disrupting chemicals use distinct mechanisms of action to modulate endocrine system function.

Henley, Derek V / Korach, Kenneth S

Endocrinology

2006 Volume 147, Issue 6 Suppl, Page(s) S25–32

Abstract: The term endocrine-disrupting chemicals is used to define a structurally diverse class of synthetic and natural compounds that possess the ability to alter various components of the endocrine system and potentially induce adverse health effects in ... ...

Abstract	The term endocrine-disrupting chemicals is used to define a structurally diverse class of synthetic and natural compounds that possess the ability to alter various components of the endocrine system and potentially induce adverse health effects in exposed individuals and populations. Research on these compounds has revealed that they use a variety of both nuclear receptor-mediated and non-receptor-mediated mechanisms to modulate different components of the endocrine system. This review will describe in vitro and in vivo studies that highlight the spectrum of unique mechanisms of action and biological effects of four endocrine-disrupting chemicals--diethylstilbestrol, genistein, di(n-butyl)phthalate, and methoxyacetic acid--to illustrate the diverse and complex nature of this class of compounds.
MeSH term(s)	Acetates/pharmacology ; Acetates/toxicity ; Animals ; Dibutyl Phthalate/pharmacology ; Dibutyl Phthalate/toxicity ; Diethylstilbestrol/pharmacology ; Diethylstilbestrol/toxicity ; Endocrine Disruptors/pharmacology ; Endocrine System/drug effects ; Female ; Genistein/pharmacology ; Genistein/toxicity ; Genitalia, Female/drug effects ; Genitalia, Male/drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/drug effects ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/physiology ; Receptors, Estrogen/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Acetates ; Endocrine Disruptors ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; Receptors, Estrogen ; Dibutyl Phthalate (2286E5R2KE) ; Diethylstilbestrol (731DCA35BT) ; Genistein (DH2M523P0H) ; methoxyacetic acid (F11T1H7Q7W)
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Review
ZDB-ID	427856-2
ISSN	1945-7170 ; 0013-7227
ISSN (online)	1945-7170
ISSN	0013-7227
DOI	10.1210/en.2005-1117
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Article ; Online: The short-chain fatty acid methoxyacetic acid disrupts endogenous estrogen receptor-alpha-mediated signaling.

Henley, Derek V / Mueller, Stephanie / Korach, Kenneth S

Environmental health perspectives

2009 Volume 117, Issue 11, Page(s) 1702–1706

Abstract: Background: Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) exposure is associated with impaired reproductive function. The primary metabolite of EGME is methoxyacetic acid (MAA), a short-chain fatty acid that inhibits histone deacetylase activity and alters ... ...

Abstract	Background: Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) exposure is associated with impaired reproductive function. The primary metabolite of EGME is methoxyacetic acid (MAA), a short-chain fatty acid that inhibits histone deacetylase activity and alters gene expression. Objective: Because estrogen signaling is necessary for normal reproductive function and modulates gene expression, the estrogen-signaling pathway is a likely target for MAA; however, little is known about the effects of MAA in this regard. Methods: We evaluated the mechanistic effects of MAA on estrogen receptor (ER) expression and estrogen signaling using in vitro and in vivo model systems. Results: MAA potentiates 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) stimulation of an estrogen-responsive reporter plasmid in HeLa cells transiently transfected with either a human ERalpha or ERbeta expression vector containing a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. This result is attributed to increased exogenous ER expression due to MAA-mediated activation of the CMV promoter. In contrast to its effects on exogenous ER, MAA decreases endogenous ERalpha expression and attenuates E(2)-stimulated endogenous gene expression in both MCF-7 cells and the mouse uterus. Conclusions: These results illustrate the importance of careful experimental design and analysis when assessing the potential endocrine-disrupting properties of a compound to ensure biological responses are in concordance with in vitro analyses. Given the established role of the ER in normal reproductive function, the effects of MAA on the endogenous ER reported here are consistent with the reproductive abnormalities observed after EGME exposure and suggest that these toxicities may be due, at least in part, to attenuation of endogenous ER-mediated signaling.
MeSH term(s)	Acetates/toxicity ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cytomegalovirus/genetics ; Endocrine Disruptors/toxicity ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Estrogen Receptor alpha/drug effects ; Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics ; Estrogen Receptor beta/drug effects ; Estrogen Receptor beta/genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Research Design ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Uterus/drug effects ; Uterus/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Acetates ; Endocrine Disruptors ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; Estrogen Receptor beta ; Estradiol (4TI98Z838E) ; methoxyacetic acid (F11T1H7Q7W)
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-06-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	195189-0
ISSN	1552-9924 ; 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
ISSN (online)	1552-9924
ISSN	0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
DOI	10.1289/ehp.0900800
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Article ; Online: Interclass Difference in Pneumonia Risk in COPD Patients Initiating Fixed Dose Inhaled Treatment Containing Extrafine Particle Beclometasone versus Fine Particle Fluticasone.

Price, David B / Henley, William / Cançado, José Eduardo Delfini / Fabbri, Leonardo M / Kerstjens, Huib A M / Papi, Alberto / Roche, Nicolas / Şen, Elif / Singh, Dave / Vogelmeier, Claus F / Barille, Sara / Nudo, Elena / Carter, Victoria / Skinner, Derek / Vella, Rebecca / Georges, George

International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2022 Volume 17, Page(s) 355–370

Abstract: Background: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) afford therapeutic benefits in some COPD patients, but their widespread use is cautioned due to an increased risk of developing pneumonia. Subclass variations exist, and the risk profile differs for individual ... ...

Abstract	Background: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) afford therapeutic benefits in some COPD patients, but their widespread use is cautioned due to an increased risk of developing pneumonia. Subclass variations exist, and the risk profile differs for individual ICS. Formulation particle size has been identified as a potential effect modifier. The present study compared the risk of pneumonia among new COPD users of fixed-dose combination inhalers containing fine-particle fluticasone (fp-FDC-F) versus extrafine particle beclometasone (ef-FDC-BDP). Methods: A propensity matched historical cohort study was conducted using data from the Optimum Patient Care Research Database. COPD patients aged ≥40 years with ≥1 year of continuous medical data who initiated fp-FDC-F or ef-FDC-BDP were compared. The primary outcome was time to pneumonia event, as treated, using either sensitive (physician diagnosed) or specific (physician diagnosed and x-ray or hospital admission confirmed) definitions. Results: A total of 13,316 patients were matched. Initiation of fp-FDC-F (mean dosage furoate 99 µg; propionate 710 µg) was associated with an increased risk of pneumonia versus ef-FDC-BDP (mean beclometasone dose 395 µg), irrespective of definition (sensitive HR 1.38 95% CI 1.14-1.68; specific HR 1.31 95% CI 1.05-1.62). Conclusion: In the current investigation, we found that in comparison to extrafine beclomethasone, commencing a formulation containing fluticasone is associated with an increased risk of developing pneumonia. These observations support the idea that not all ICS are equal in their adverse effects and subclass variations exist and should be carefully considered in the treatment choice.
MeSH term(s)	Administration, Inhalation ; Adult ; Beclomethasone ; Cohort Studies ; Fluticasone ; Formoterol Fumarate ; Humans ; Pneumonia/chemically induced ; Pneumonia/diagnosis ; Pneumonia/drug therapy ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/chemically induced ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Fluticasone (CUT2W21N7U) ; Beclomethasone (KGZ1SLC28Z) ; Formoterol Fumarate (W34SHF8J2K)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-15
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2212419-6
ISSN	1178-2005 ; 1176-9106
ISSN (online)	1178-2005
ISSN	1176-9106
DOI	10.2147/COPD.S342357
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Article ; Online: Prepubertal gynecomastia linked to lavender and tea tree oils.

Henley, Derek V / Lipson, Natasha / Korach, Kenneth S / Bloch, Clifford A

The New England journal of medicine

2007 Volume 356, Issue 5, Page(s) 479–485

Abstract: Most cases of male prepubertal gynecomastia are classified as idiopathic. We investigated possible causes of gynecomastia in three prepubertal boys who were otherwise healthy and had normal serum concentrations of endogenous steroids. In all three boys, ... ...

Abstract	Most cases of male prepubertal gynecomastia are classified as idiopathic. We investigated possible causes of gynecomastia in three prepubertal boys who were otherwise healthy and had normal serum concentrations of endogenous steroids. In all three boys, gynecomastia coincided with the topical application of products that contained lavender and tea tree oils. Gynecomastia resolved in each patient shortly after the use of products containing these oils was discontinued. Furthermore, studies in human cell lines indicated that the two oils had estrogenic and antiandrogenic activities. We conclude that repeated topical exposure to lavender and tea tree oils probably caused prepubertal gynecomastia in these boys.
MeSH term(s)	Androgen Antagonists/pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; Cathepsin D/biosynthesis ; Cathepsin D/genetics ; Cells, Cultured/drug effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Genes, myc/drug effects ; Gynecomastia/chemically induced ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins/biosynthesis ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins/genetics ; Male ; Oils, Volatile/adverse effects ; Oils, Volatile/pharmacology ; Plant Oils/adverse effects ; Plant Oils/pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; Receptors, Estrogen/drug effects ; Tea Tree Oil/adverse effects ; Tea Tree Oil/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Androgen Antagonists ; IGFBP3 protein, human ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins ; Oils, Volatile ; Plant Oils ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptors, Estrogen ; Tea Tree Oil (68647-73-4) ; Cathepsin D (EC 3.4.23.5) ; lavender oil (ZBP1YXW0H8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-02-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	207154-x
ISSN	1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
ISSN (online)	1533-4406
ISSN	0028-4793
DOI	10.1056/NEJMoa064725
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Article: Collaboration for conservation: Assessing countrywide carnivore occupancy dynamics from sparse data

Van der Weyde, Leanne K. / Tobler, Mathias W. / Gielen, Marie Charlotte / Cozzi, Gabriele / Weise, Florian J. / Adams, Tempe / Bauer, Dominik / Bennitt, Emily / Bowles, Matthew / Brassine, Alienor / Broekhuis, Femke / Chase, Michael / Collins, Kai / Finerty, Genevieve E. / Golabek, Krystyna / Hartley, Robyn / Henley, Steve / Isden, Jessica / Keeping, Derek /

Diversity & distributions. 2022 May, v. 28, no. 5

2022

Abstract: AIM: Assessing the distribution and persistence of species across their range is a crucial component of wildlife conservation. It demands data at adequate spatial scales and over extended periods of time, which may only be obtained through collaborative ... ...

Abstract	AIM: Assessing the distribution and persistence of species across their range is a crucial component of wildlife conservation. It demands data at adequate spatial scales and over extended periods of time, which may only be obtained through collaborative efforts, and the development of methods that integrate heterogeneous datasets. We aimed to combine existing data on large carnivores to evaluate population dynamics and improve knowledge on their distribution nationwide. LOCATION: Botswana. METHODS: Between 2010 and 2016, we collated data on African wild dog, cheetah, leopard, brown and spotted hyaena and lion gathered with different survey methods by independent researchers across Botswana. We used a multi‐species, multi‐method dynamic occupancy model to analyse factors influencing occupancy, persistence and colonization, while accounting for imperfect detection. Lastly, we used the gained knowledge to predict the probability of occurrence of each species countrywide. RESULTS: Wildlife areas and communal rangelands had similar occupancy probabilities for most species. Large carnivore occupancy was low in commercial farming areas and where livestock density was high, except for brown hyaena. Lion occupancy was negatively associated with human density; lion and spotted hyaena occupancy was high where rainfall was high, while the opposite applied to brown hyaena. Lion and leopard occupancy remained constant countrywide over the study period. African wild dog and cheetah occupancy declined over time in the south and north, respectively, whereas both hyaena species expanded their ranges. Countrywide predictions identified the highest occupancy for leopards and lowest for the two hyaena species. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: We highlight the necessity of data sharing and propose a generalizable analytical method that addresses the challenges of heterogeneous data common in ecology. Our approach, which enables a comprehensive multi‐species assessment at large spatial and temporal scales, supports the development of data‐driven conservation guidelines and the implementation of evidence‐based management strategies nationally and internationally.
Keywords	Acinonyx jubatus ; Hyaena ; Lycaon pictus ; analytical methods ; carnivores ; data collection ; humans ; livestock ; models ; population dynamics ; probability ; rain ; rangelands ; surveys ; wildlife ; wildlife management ; Botswana
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-05
Size	p. 917-929.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2020139-4
ISSN	1472-4642 ; 1366-9516
ISSN (online)	1472-4642
ISSN	1366-9516
DOI	10.1111/ddi.13386
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Detecting community structure in wild populations: a simulation study based on male elephant, Loxodonta africana, data

Murphy, Derek / Wittemyer, George / Henley, Michelle D / Mumby, Hannah S

The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour Animal behaviour. 2021 Apr., v. 174

2021

Abstract: Many social networks exhibit community structure, where individuals form discrete subgroups. The composition of such groupings is important for numerous research directions, but their characterization is challenged by data sampling issues. In wild ... ...

Abstract	Many social networks exhibit community structure, where individuals form discrete subgroups. The composition of such groupings is important for numerous research directions, but their characterization is challenged by data sampling issues. In wild populations, where individuals range over large distances and observation can be limited, social data required to resolve community structure are difficult to collect. Recent studies used simulated data sets to determine the robustness of individual level network metrics under suboptimal sampling conditions, but the sensitivity of community detection algorithms to imperfect sampling has not been assessed. Here, we used simulated data sets to determine how sampling effort and skew influence the ability of three community detection algorithms (fastgreedy, walktrap and louvain) to recover the ‘true’ community structure of networks under two sampling regimes (field-based observational sampling and sampling through biologgers, e.g. proximity detectors). We also examined the robustness of a measure of uncertainty in estimated community structure (rcₒₘ). We based our simulated societies on contact patterns in wild male African elephants, a model system reflecting common sampling challenges of large wild populations. Our results indicate that the accuracy of the algorithms improved with increasing sampling effort and decreasing sampling skew. Under the field sampling regime, when sampling effort is constrained, mid-levels of sampling skew may provide a reasonable compromise between maximizing the mean numbers of observation per individual and minimizing sampling skew. Even with skewed data, rcₒₘ can provide a reliable measure of uncertainty in the estimated community assignments, but it should be interpreted cautiously with highly skewed data. The network structures explored represent common sampling challenges for wild populations, but unexplored sampling regimes may drive somewhat different dynamics. Our simulations indicate that adequate sampling even when skewed can be informative and maximization of the number of observations among all individuals should be a general objective.
Keywords	Loxodonta africana ; animal behavior ; community structure ; males ; uncertainty
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-04
Size	p. 127-148.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light
ZDB-ID	281-1
ISSN	0003-3472
ISSN	0003-3472
DOI	10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.02.008
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Article: MAPK signaling pathways modulate IL-1beta expression in human keratinocytes.

Henley, Derek V / Bellone, Clifford J / Williams, Debbie A / Ruh, Mary F

Archives of biochemistry and biophysics

2004 Volume 424, Issue 1, Page(s) 112–118

Abstract: The signaling pathways that modulate IL-1beta expression in human keratinocytes have not been well defined. We have previously shown that TCDD-stimulated AhR-dependent IL-1beta expression in human keratinocytes is due to posttranscriptional regulation ... ...

Abstract	The signaling pathways that modulate IL-1beta expression in human keratinocytes have not been well defined. We have previously shown that TCDD-stimulated AhR-dependent IL-1beta expression in human keratinocytes is due to posttranscriptional regulation involving mRNA stabilization. Since TCDD activates a variety of cellular signaling pathways such as PKC, JNK, and ERK, we investigated these pathways to determine their roles in TCDD-stimulated IL-1beta expression in the human keratinocyte cell line SCC-12F. In this study, we used specific signaling inhibitors to show that ERK and JNK, but not transglutaminase, PKC, or p38, signaling modulate IL-1beta expression. In addition, we show that ERK is constitutively active and unaffected by TCDD treatment and differentiation, while the JNK signaling pathway is modulated by TCDD in an AhR-dependent manner. Thus, both the ERK and JNK MAPK pathways are necessary for IL-1beta expression in TCDD-stimulated human keratinocytes, however, they act at different levels to modulate IL-1beta expression.
MeSH term(s)	Cell Line, Transformed ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Humans ; Interleukin-1/biosynthesis ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; Keratinocytes/enzymology ; Keratinocytes/metabolism ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/physiology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins/metabolism ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins/toxicity ; Protein Kinase C/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/drug effects ; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Enzyme Inhibitors ; Interleukin-1 ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon ; Protein Kinase C (EC 2.7.11.13) ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24) ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24)
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-04-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	523-x
ISSN	1096-0384 ; 0003-9861
ISSN (online)	1096-0384
ISSN	0003-9861
DOI	10.1016/j.abb.2004.02.001
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Article ; Online: Collaboration for conservation

Diversity and Distributions

Assessing countrywide carnivore occupancy dynamics from sparse data

2022 Volume 28, Issue 5

Abstract: Aim: Assessing the distribution and persistence of species across their range is a crucial component of wildlife conservation. It demands data at adequate spatial scales and over extended periods of time, which may only be obtained through collaborative ... ...

Abstract	Aim: Assessing the distribution and persistence of species across their range is a crucial component of wildlife conservation. It demands data at adequate spatial scales and over extended periods of time, which may only be obtained through collaborative efforts, and the development of methods that integrate heterogeneous datasets. We aimed to combine existing data on large carnivores to evaluate population dynamics and improve knowledge on their distribution nationwide. Location: Botswana. Methods: Between 2010 and 2016, we collated data on African wild dog, cheetah, leopard, brown and spotted hyaena and lion gathered with different survey methods by independent researchers across Botswana. We used a multi-species, multi-method dynamic occupancy model to analyse factors influencing occupancy, persistence and colonization, while accounting for imperfect detection. Lastly, we used the gained knowledge to predict the probability of occurrence of each species countrywide. Results: Wildlife areas and communal rangelands had similar occupancy probabilities for most species. Large carnivore occupancy was low in commercial farming areas and where livestock density was high, except for brown hyaena. Lion occupancy was negatively associated with human density; lion and spotted hyaena occupancy was high where rainfall was high, while the opposite applied to brown hyaena. Lion and leopard occupancy remained constant countrywide over the study period. African wild dog and cheetah occupancy declined over time in the south and north, respectively, whereas both hyaena species expanded their ranges. Countrywide predictions identified the highest occupancy for leopards and lowest for the two hyaena species. Main Conclusions: We highlight the necessity of data sharing and propose a generalizable analytical method that addresses the challenges of heterogeneous data common in ecology. Our approach, which enables a comprehensive multi-species assessment at large spatial and temporal scales, supports the development of data-driven ...
Keywords	Botswana ; data sharing ; distribution ; human-dominated landscapes ; imperfect detection ; management ; protected areas
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2020139-4
ISSN	1472-4642 ; 1366-9516
ISSN (online)	1472-4642
ISSN	1366-9516
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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