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  1. Article ; Online: Advantages of grass-grain crop rotations due to prolonged use of clover-alfalfa-timothy mixture

    A. K. Svechnikov

    Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока, Vol 21, Iss 6, Pp 752-

    2020  Volume 763

    Abstract: It is known that significant saving of nitrogen fertilizers are due to perennial legume-cereal grasses use in crop rotations. From 2013 to 2018in the Mari El Republic six-field grass-grain fodder crop rotations were compared on sod-podzolic soils with a ... ...

    Abstract It is known that significant saving of nitrogen fertilizers are due to perennial legume-cereal grasses use in crop rotations. From 2013 to 2018in the Mari El Republic six-field grass-grain fodder crop rotations were compared on sod-podzolic soils with a very high level of phosphorus and potassium. In the third rotation their productivity and bioenergetic efficiency, changes in several important soil fertility indicators, and crud protein content in the produced fodder were evaluated. The main difference between the crop rotations was based on the duration of the clover-alfalfa-timothy grass mixture (CAG) use: from one year to three years. In given experiment there was also studied the effect of mineral nitrogen (variants N0, N60) against Р60К60 background on the yield of crop rotations. During six years, there was no significant soil acidification in the variants. Each additional year of clover-alfalfa-timothy grass mixture use raised the energy efficiency ratio of crop rotations by 24-47 % (from 1.13-1.24 by one-year use to 2.08-2.25 by three years of use). Three-year CAG use as compared with one- and two-years has given to the crop rotation significant advantages in energy efficiency (up to two times) and productivity (approximately 40-80 %) of cultivated crops. After refusing to apply nitrogen fertilizations in such crop rotation, average crop productivity, soil humus and nitrogen content in the soil were better preserved. The average crude protein content in dry matter of the obtained fodder increased from 12.7 % to 14.6 % when prolonging theca use up to two years. The average energy value of the yield per rotation was recorded low (8.4-8.7 MJ/kg) and did not depend on the studied factors.
    Keywords perennial grasses ; total nitrogen ; humus ; energy efficiency ratio ; crude protein ; Agriculture ; S
    Subject code 630
    Language Russian
    Publishing date 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V. Rudnitsky
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article: Advantages of grass-grain crop rotations due to prolonged use of clover-alfalfa-timothy mixture

    A. K. Svechnikov

    Agrarnaâ nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka. 2020 Dec., v. 21, no. 6

    2020  

    Abstract: It is known that significant saving of nitrogen fertilizers are due to perennial legume-cereal grasses use in crop rotations. From 2013 to 2018in the Mari El Republic six-field grass-grain fodder crop rotations were compared on sod-podzolic soils with a ... ...

    Abstract It is known that significant saving of nitrogen fertilizers are due to perennial legume-cereal grasses use in crop rotations. From 2013 to 2018in the Mari El Republic six-field grass-grain fodder crop rotations were compared on sod-podzolic soils with a very high level of phosphorus and potassium. In the third rotation their productivity and bioenergetic efficiency, changes in several important soil fertility indicators, and crud protein content in the produced fodder were evaluated. The main difference between the crop rotations was based on the duration of the clover-alfalfa-timothy grass mixture (CAG) use: from one year to three years. In given experiment there was also studied the effect of mineral nitrogen (variants N0, N60) against Р60К60 background on the yield of crop rotations. During six years, there was no significant soil acidification in the variants. Each additional year of clover-alfalfa-timothy grass mixture use raised the energy efficiency ratio of crop rotations by 24-47 % (from 1.13-1.24 by one-year use to 2.08-2.25 by three years of use). Three-year CAG use as compared with one- and two-years has given to the crop rotation significant advantages in energy efficiency (up to two times) and productivity (approximately 40-80 %) of cultivated crops. After refusing to apply nitrogen fertilizations in such crop rotation, average crop productivity, soil humus and nitrogen content in the soil were better preserved. The average crude protein content in dry matter of the obtained fodder increased from 12.7 % to 14.6 % when prolonging theca use up to two years. The average energy value of the yield per rotation was recorded low (8.4-8.7 MJ/kg) and did not depend on the studied factors.
    Keywords crop rotation ; crude protein ; energy efficiency ; forage ; grasses ; humus ; nitrogen ; nitrogen content ; phosphorus ; potassium ; soil ; soil acidification ; soil fertility
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-12
    Size p. 752-763.
    Publishing place Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V. Rudnitsky
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2500-1396
    DOI 10.30766/2072-9081.2020.21.6.752-763
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article: Accumulation of root-stubble residues and nutrients in feed crop rotations

    A. K. Svechnikov

    Agrarnaâ nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka. 2019 Dec., v. 20, no. 6

    2019  

    Abstract: From 2001 to 2018 in Mari El Republic six-field fodder crop rotations including 1-3 fields of legume-cereal grasses were studied. The amount of plowed root-crop residues and nutrients entering the soil was assessed at different levels of minerals ... ...

    Abstract From 2001 to 2018 in Mari El Republic six-field fodder crop rotations including 1-3 fields of legume-cereal grasses were studied. The amount of plowed root-crop residues and nutrients entering the soil was assessed at different levels of minerals application (N60P60K60 and N90P90K90 in the 1st and 2 nd rotations, N60P60K60 и P60K60 in the 3rd rotation). During the research the total nitrogen content in sod-podzolic soil increased from 0.15% to 0.28%, the humus content raised from 1.82% to 2.53%. The largest amount of root-crop residues nutrients was plowed into 0 -20 cm soil layer during the fodder crop rotation at the 1-year use of the perennial grasses. On the average, it received 35.2 t/ha of dry matter, 560 kg/ha of nitrogen, 231 kg/ha of phosphorus and 338 kg/ha of potassium over 3 rotations. An increase in supply of soils with nitrogen and humus in the 3rd rotation raised the plant residues and nutrients accumulation to 49.9 t/ha, 821 kg/ha, 321 kg and 496 kg/ha, respectively. No significant differences were found between the fertilization backgrounds. In the structure of studied crop rotations cloveralfalfa-timothy grass mixture has made the greatest contribution to in the replenishment of nutrient elements by plowing up the root-crop residues: 10.1 tons of dry matter, 199 kg of nitrogen, 89 kg of phosphorus and 115 kg/ha of potassium. Using postcut mustard after winter rye provided almost the same amount of plowed root-crop residues as clover-alfalfa-timothy grass mixture.Conflict of interest: the authors stated that there was no conflict of interest.
    Keywords crop rotation ; forage ; humus ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; plowing ; potassium ; soil ; total nitrogen ; winter rye
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-12
    Size p. 613-622.
    Publishing place Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V. Rudnitsky
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2500-1396
    DOI 10.30766/2072-9081.2019.20.6.613-622
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Accumulation of root-stubble residues and nutrients in feed crop rotations

    A. K. Svechnikov

    Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока, Vol 20, Iss 6, Pp 613-

    2019  Volume 622

    Abstract: From 2001 to 2018 in Mari El Republic six-field fodder crop rotations including 1-3 fields of legume-cereal grasses were studied. The amount of plowed root-crop residues and nutrients entering the soil was assessed at different levels of minerals ... ...

    Abstract From 2001 to 2018 in Mari El Republic six-field fodder crop rotations including 1-3 fields of legume-cereal grasses were studied. The amount of plowed root-crop residues and nutrients entering the soil was assessed at different levels of minerals application (N60P60K60 and N90P90K90 in the 1st and 2 nd rotations, N60P60K60 и P60K60 in the 3rd rotation). During the research the total nitrogen content in sod-podzolic soil increased from 0.15% to 0.28%, the humus content raised from 1.82% to 2.53%. The largest amount of root-crop residues nutrients was plowed into 0 -20 cm soil layer during the fodder crop rotation at the 1-year use of the perennial grasses. On the average, it received 35.2 t/ha of dry matter, 560 kg/ha of nitrogen, 231 kg/ha of phosphorus and 338 kg/ha of potassium over 3 rotations. An increase in supply of soils with nitrogen and humus in the 3rd rotation raised the plant residues and nutrients accumulation to 49.9 t/ha, 821 kg/ha, 321 kg and 496 kg/ha, respectively. No significant differences were found between the fertilization backgrounds. In the structure of studied crop rotations cloveralfalfa-timothy grass mixture has made the greatest contribution to in the replenishment of nutrient elements by plowing up the root-crop residues: 10.1 tons of dry matter, 199 kg of nitrogen, 89 kg of phosphorus and 115 kg/ha of potassium. Using postcut mustard after winter rye provided almost the same amount of plowed root-crop residues as clover-alfalfa-timothy grass mixture.Conflict of interest: the authors stated that there was no conflict of interest.
    Keywords crop rotation crops ; perennial grasses ; rotation ; nutritional elements ; dry matter ; Agriculture ; S
    Subject code 580
    Language Russian
    Publishing date 2019-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V. Rudnitsky
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: Adipocytokines may delay pubertal maturation of human Sertoli cells.

    Wagner, I V / Yango, P / Svechnikov, K / Tran, N D / Söder, O

    Reproduction, fertility, and development

    2019  Volume 31, Issue 8, Page(s) 1395–1400

    Abstract: Reproduction is an important target of obesity complications, including adverse effects on spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. Adipocytokines are key mediators in various complications of obesity. Our aim was to study the potential of adipocytokines to ... ...

    Abstract Reproduction is an important target of obesity complications, including adverse effects on spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. Adipocytokines are key mediators in various complications of obesity. Our aim was to study the potential of adipocytokines to affect Sertoli cell function, which is crucial for spermatogenesis, and possibly link these findings to the observed attenuation of spermatogenesis in obese males. Testicular biopsies were obtained from healthy donors. Highly purified adult human Sertoli cells (HSCs) were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Cells were cultured and exposed to different concentrations of adipocytokines (10-1000ngmL-1 ) for 2-7 days. Expression of selected Sertoli cell genes was quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Long-term treatment (7 days) of HSCs with higher concentrations of chemerin, irisin, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt), resistin and progranulin significantly suppressed FSH receptor expression (by 79%, 83%, 64%, 71% and 26% respectively; P P invitro , may negatively affect Sertoli cell maturation and retain these cells in a more prepubertal stage. This could negatively affect testis function and add to fertility problems in obese adults.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-17
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1019913-5
    ISSN 1448-5990 ; 1031-3613
    ISSN (online) 1448-5990
    ISSN 1031-3613
    DOI 10.1071/RD18487
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Productivity of fodder crop rotations depending on the nitrogen fertilizers

    A. K. Svechnikov / V. M. Izmestyev / E. A. Sokolova

    Agrarnaâ nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka. 2018 Apr., v. 63, no. 2

    2018  

    Abstract: Legumes in the structure of fodder crop rotations can cause reducing the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer application on sod-podzolic soil. A comparative assessment of the productivity of six-field fodder crop rotations with different field number of ... ...

    Abstract Legumes in the structure of fodder crop rotations can cause reducing the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer application on sod-podzolic soil. A comparative assessment of the productivity of six-field fodder crop rotations with different field number of legume-cereal grasses was carried out on the background of mineral nitrogen application (Р60К60, Ж0Р60К60). The research was carried out in 2013-2017 in crop rotations with 16%, 33% and 50 % legume-cereal grasses saturation in the Mari El Republic. It was noted that one-year extension of period for using perennial legume-cereal grasses in the fodder crop rotations under study was followed by increase in dry matter collection by 1.1-2.1 t/ha, exchange energy - by 6.7-16.5 GJ/ha, and crude protein - by about 2.3-3.7 C/ha. Continuous application of mineral nitrogen led to increasing the productivity of fodder crop rotations with legume-cereal grasses by 9-21%. In crop rotations, target annual and winter crops ensured a significant increase in productivity, with the exception of annual grasses with perennial grasses undersowing in 2013. The greatest increase in productivity was noted in the first crop rotation, where a long-term agrocenosis had been used for 1 year only. The ammonium nitrate application resulted in increase in crude protein collection more than in other productivity indicators of fodder crop rotations target crops.
    Keywords ammonium nitrate ; crop rotation ; crude protein ; energy ; fertilizer application ; forage ; nitrogen ; nitrogen fertilizers ; soil
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-04
    Size p. 69-73.
    Publishing place Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V. Rudnitsky
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2500-1396
    DOI 10.30766/2072-9081.2018.63.2.69-73
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate stimulates androgen production but suppresses mitochondrial function in mouse leydig cells with different steroidogenic potential.

    Savchuk, Iuliia / Söder, Olle / Svechnikov, Konstantin

    Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology

    2015  Volume 145, Issue 1, Page(s) 149–156

    Abstract: Numerous studies have reported on testicular toxicity of phthalates in different experimental paradigms and showed that Leydig cells (LCs) were one of the main targets of phthalate actions. Adverse effects of phthalates on LCs steroidogenesis have been ... ...

    Abstract Numerous studies have reported on testicular toxicity of phthalates in different experimental paradigms and showed that Leydig cells (LCs) were one of the main targets of phthalate actions. Adverse effects of phthalates on LCs steroidogenesis have been attributed to their metabolites, monophthalates. This study focuses on investigation whether LCs responsiveness to monophthalates action is associated with their potential to produce androgens. We found that of 3 monophthalates investigated [ie, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono-n-butyl phthalate, and mono-n-benzyl phthalate] only MEHP caused biological effects on the mouse LCs function. This monophthalate stimulated basal steroidogenesis associated with upregulation of StAR protein expression with no effect on hCG-stimulated androgen production by LCs from CBA/Lac and C57BL/6j mouse genotypes were observed. Further, MEHP attenuated ATP production and increased superoxide generation by both phenotypes of mouse LCs that indicated on mitochondrial dysfunction induced by the monophthalate. All together, our data indicate that MEHP-mediated stimulation of steroidogenesis and perturbation in mitochondrial function are not associated with the capacity of the LCs to synthesize androgens. We suggest that this effect of MEHP observed in LCs of rodent origin needs to be taken into consideration in analysis of earlier start of puberty in boys and may highlight a possible influence of phthalates on reproductive health in males.
    MeSH term(s) Androgens/biosynthesis ; Animals ; Diethylhexyl Phthalate/analogs & derivatives ; Diethylhexyl Phthalate/toxicity ; Leydig Cells/drug effects ; Leydig Cells/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred CBA ; Mitochondria/drug effects ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Steroids/biosynthesis
    Chemical Substances Androgens ; Phosphoproteins ; Steroids ; steroidogenic acute regulatory protein ; Diethylhexyl Phthalate (C42K0PH13C) ; mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (FU2EWB60RT)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1420885-4
    ISSN 1096-0929 ; 1096-6080
    ISSN (online) 1096-0929
    ISSN 1096-6080
    DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfv042
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Adipose Tissue is a Potential Source of Hyperandrogenism in Obese Female Rats.

    Wagner, Isabel Viola / Sahlin, Lena / Savchuk, Iuliia / Klöting, Nora / Svechnikov, Konstantin / Söder, Olle

    Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)

    2018  Volume 26, Issue 7, Page(s) 1161–1167

    Abstract: Objective: Obesity in females is often associated with metabolic complications and hyperandrogenism, but the sources of androgens are not completely understood. Therefore, this study investigated whether adipose tissue could be a source of androgens ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Obesity in females is often associated with metabolic complications and hyperandrogenism, but the sources of androgens are not completely understood. Therefore, this study investigated whether adipose tissue could be a source of androgens promoting hyperandrogenism development in obese female rats.
    Methods: Gene expression of steroidogenic enzymes and testosterone levels were determined in periovarian and inguinal adipose tissue and in the supernatant of cultured preadipocytes and adipocytes. The conversion of pregnenolone to androgens was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography.
    Results: Substantial amounts of testosterone in adipose tissue (25-153 ng/g tissue) and in the supernatant of adipocytes (0.33-0.69 ng/ten thousand cells]) were found. StAR and steroidogenic enzymes encoded by genes including Cyp11A1, Cyp17A1, Cyp19, Hsd3b2, Hsd17b3, and Srd5a2 were expressed in adipose tissue and cultured cells. Thin layer chromatography data revealed that preadipocytes and adipocytes were able to convert pregnenolone to testosterone. Higher levels for all steroidogenic enzymes were found in both depots of obese animals compared with lean animals, with significantly higher levels in inguinal tissue.
    Conclusions: The whole steroidogenic machinery and capacity for testosterone biosynthesis were found in fat depots of female rats. These findings support the hypothesis that adipose tissue may contribute substantially to the hyperandrogenism in female obesity.
    MeSH term(s) Adipocytes/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue/physiology ; Androgens/metabolism ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Hyperandrogenism/etiology ; Hyperandrogenism/metabolism ; Lipogenesis/physiology ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/metabolism ; Obesity/pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Testosterone/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Androgens ; Testosterone (3XMK78S47O)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2230457-5
    ISSN 1930-739X ; 1071-7323 ; 1930-7381
    ISSN (online) 1930-739X
    ISSN 1071-7323 ; 1930-7381
    DOI 10.1002/oby.22198
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Steroidogenic potential of human fetal kidney at early gestational age.

    Savchuk, I / Morvan, M L / Antignac, J P / Kurek, M / Le Bizec, B / Söder, O / Svechnikov, K

    Steroids

    2019  Volume 149, Page(s) 108417

    Abstract: Steroidogenic potential of the human fetal kidney (hFK) at the end of first trimester is poorly investigated. Little is known about the ontogeny of steroidogenic enzymes and activities of steroidogenic pathways in the hFK at early pregnancy. Our aim was ... ...

    Abstract Steroidogenic potential of the human fetal kidney (hFK) at the end of first trimester is poorly investigated. Little is known about the ontogeny of steroidogenic enzymes and activities of steroidogenic pathways in the hFK at early pregnancy. Our aim was to explore steroidogenesis and the expression of steroidogenic enzymes in the hFK at gestational weeks (GW) 9-12. Steroids in the hFK were analyzed by gas chromatography/coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The expression of steroidogenic enzymes in the hFK at GW 9-12 was investigated by qPCR, automated Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. We observed that the hFK produced substantial amount of steroids of the Δ
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Fetus/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Kidney/embryology ; Kidney/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Steroids/biosynthesis
    Chemical Substances Steroids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80312-1
    ISSN 1878-5867 ; 0039-128X
    ISSN (online) 1878-5867
    ISSN 0039-128X
    DOI 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.05.009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Productivity of fodder crop rotations depending on the nitrogen fertilizers

    A. K. Svechnikov / V. M. Izmestyev / E. A. Sokolova

    Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока, Vol 63, Iss 2, Pp 69-

    2018  Volume 73

    Abstract: Legumes in the structure of fodder crop rotations can cause reducing the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer application on sod-podzolic soil. A comparative assessment of the productivity of six-field fodder crop rotations with different field number of ... ...

    Abstract Legumes in the structure of fodder crop rotations can cause reducing the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer application on sod-podzolic soil. A comparative assessment of the productivity of six-field fodder crop rotations with different field number of legume-cereal grasses was carried out on the background of mineral nitrogen application (Р60К60, Ж0Р60К60). The research was carried out in 2013-2017 in crop rotations with 16%, 33% and 50 % legume-cereal grasses saturation in the Mari El Republic. It was noted that one-year extension of period for using perennial legume-cereal grasses in the fodder crop rotations under study was followed by increase in dry matter collection by 1.1-2.1 t/ha, exchange energy - by 6.7-16.5 GJ/ha, and crude protein - by about 2.3-3.7 C/ha. Continuous application of mineral nitrogen led to increasing the productivity of fodder crop rotations with legume-cereal grasses by 9-21%. In crop rotations, target annual and winter crops ensured a significant increase in productivity, with the exception of annual grasses with perennial grasses undersowing in 2013. The greatest increase in productivity was noted in the first crop rotation, where a long-term agrocenosis had been used for 1 year only. The ammonium nitrate application resulted in increase in crude protein collection more than in other productivity indicators of fodder crop rotations target crops.
    Keywords fodder crop rotation ; legume-cereal ; nitrogen ; productivity ; dry matter ; exchange energy ; crude protein ; Agriculture ; S
    Subject code 571
    Language Russian
    Publishing date 2018-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V. Rudnitsky
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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