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Article ; Online: The unknown and misunderstood life of Ruggero Oddi, the pioneer of biliary system physiology.

Maovaz, Marco / Di Sante, Gabriele / Bartolini, Desirée / Pistilli, Alessandra / Stabile, Anna Maria / Rende, Mario

2023 , Page(s) 9677720231188721

Abstract: Ruggero Oddi was a talented scientist who initiated the modern era of biliary system physiology, not only with the anatomical discovery of the hepatopancreatic sphincter, but also with the detailed description of its spinal center and nerve regulation. ... ...

Abstract	Ruggero Oddi was a talented scientist who initiated the modern era of biliary system physiology, not only with the anatomical discovery of the hepatopancreatic sphincter, but also with the detailed description of its spinal center and nerve regulation. However, his personal and scientific life were determined by an incredible series of unfortunate circumstances. Until now most of these events have been unknown, while the few known have produced biographies distorted by fake interpretations. The purpose of this article is to document Oddi's biography and scientific production in detail, comprehensively framing the scientific environment in which his discoveries occurred. It clears many misinterpretations about events in Oddi's life and academic career, bringing to a new light his figure as scientist in gastroenterological field.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1159267-9
ISSN	1758-1087 ; 0967-7720
ISSN (online)	1758-1087
ISSN	0967-7720
DOI	10.1177/09677720231188721
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Article: New Challenges for Anatomists in the Era of Omics.

Stabile, Anna Maria / Pistilli, Alessandra / Mariangela, Ruggirello / Rende, Mario / Bartolini, Desirée / Di Sante, Gabriele

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 13, Issue 18

Abstract: Anatomic studies have traditionally relied on macroscopic, microscopic, and histological techniques to investigate the structure of tissues and organs. Anatomic studies are essential in many fields, including medicine, biology, and veterinary science. ... ...

Abstract	Anatomic studies have traditionally relied on macroscopic, microscopic, and histological techniques to investigate the structure of tissues and organs. Anatomic studies are essential in many fields, including medicine, biology, and veterinary science. Advances in technology, such as imaging techniques and molecular biology, continue to provide new insights into the anatomy of living organisms. Therefore, anatomy remains an active and important area in the scientific field. The consolidation in recent years of some omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics allows for a more complete and detailed understanding of the structure and function of cells, tissues, and organs. These have been joined more recently by "omics" such as radiomics, pathomics, and connectomics, supported by computer-assisted technologies such as neural networks, 3D bioprinting, and artificial intelligence. All these new tools, although some are still in the early stages of development, have the potential to strongly contribute to the macroscopic and microscopic characterization in medicine. For anatomists, it is time to hitch a ride and get on board omics technologies to sail to new frontiers and to explore novel scenarios in anatomy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662336-5
ISSN	2075-4418
ISSN	2075-4418
DOI	10.3390/diagnostics13182963
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Article ; Online: Accumulation of 4-Hydroxynonenal Characterizes Diabetic Fat and Modulates Adipogenic Differentiation of Adipose Precursor Cells.

Murdolo, Giuseppe / Bartolini, Desirée / Tortoioli, Cristina / Vermigli, Cristiana / Piroddi, Marta / Galli, Francesco

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 23

Abstract: Redox imbalance in fat tissue appears to be causative of impaired glucose homeostasis. This "proof-of-concept" study investigated whether the peroxidation by-product of polyunsaturated n-6 fatty acids, namely 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), is formed by, and ... ...

Abstract	Redox imbalance in fat tissue appears to be causative of impaired glucose homeostasis. This "proof-of-concept" study investigated whether the peroxidation by-product of polyunsaturated n-6 fatty acids, namely 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), is formed by, and accumulates in, the adipose tissue (AT) of obese patients with type 2 diabetes (OBT2D) as compared with lean, nondiabetic control subjects (CTRL). Moreover, we studied the effects of 4-HNE on the cell viability and adipogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). Protein-HNE adducts in subcutaneous abdominal AT (SCAAT) biopsies from seven OBT2D and seven CTRL subjects were assessed using Western blot. The effects of 4-HNE were then studied in primary cultures of ASCs, focusing on cell viability, adipogenic differentiation, and the "canonical" Wnt and MAPK signaling pathways. When compared with the controls, the OBT2D patients displayed increased HNE-protein adducts in the SCAAT. The exposure of ASCs to 4-HNE fostered ROS production and led to a time- and concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability. Notably, at concentrations that did not affect cell viability (1 μM), 4-HNE hampered adipogenic ASCs' differentiation through a timely-regulated activation of the Wnt/β-catenin, p38MAPK, ERK1/2- and JNK-mediated pathways. These "hypothesis-generating" data suggest that the increased accumulation of 4-HNE in the SCAAT of obese patients with type 2 diabetes may detrimentally affect adipose precursor cell differentiation, possibly contributing to the obesity-associated derangement of glucose homeostasis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Adipogenesis ; Obesity/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Glucose/metabolism
Chemical Substances	4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (K1CVM13F96) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms242316645
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Article ; Online: Accumulation of 4-Hydroxynonenal Characterizes Diabetic Fat and Modulates Adipogenic Differentiation of Adipose Precursor Cells

Giuseppe Murdolo / Desirée Bartolini / Cristina Tortoioli / Cristiana Vermigli / Marta Piroddi / Francesco Galli

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 23, p

2023 Volume 16645

Abstract: Redox imbalance in fat tissue appears to be causative of impaired glucose homeostasis. This “proof-of-concept” study investigated whether the peroxidation by-product of polyunsaturated n-6 fatty acids, namely 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), is formed by, and ... ...

Abstract	Redox imbalance in fat tissue appears to be causative of impaired glucose homeostasis. This “proof-of-concept” study investigated whether the peroxidation by-product of polyunsaturated n-6 fatty acids, namely 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), is formed by, and accumulates in, the adipose tissue (AT) of obese patients with type 2 diabetes (OBT2D) as compared with lean, nondiabetic control subjects (CTRL). Moreover, we studied the effects of 4-HNE on the cell viability and adipogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). Protein–HNE adducts in subcutaneous abdominal AT (SCAAT) biopsies from seven OBT2D and seven CTRL subjects were assessed using Western blot. The effects of 4-HNE were then studied in primary cultures of ASCs, focusing on cell viability, adipogenic differentiation, and the “canonical” Wnt and MAPK signaling pathways. When compared with the controls, the OBT2D patients displayed increased HNE–protein adducts in the SCAAT. The exposure of ASCs to 4-HNE fostered ROS production and led to a time- and concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability. Notably, at concentrations that did not affect cell viability (1 μM), 4-HNE hampered adipogenic ASCs’ differentiation through a timely-regulated activation of the Wnt/β-catenin, p38MAPK, ERK1/2- and JNK-mediated pathways. These “hypothesis-generating” data suggest that the increased accumulation of 4-HNE in the SCAAT of obese patients with type 2 diabetes may detrimentally affect adipose precursor cell differentiation, possibly contributing to the obesity-associated derangement of glucose homeostasis.
Keywords	adipose precursor cells ; insulin resistance ; obesity ; oxidative stress ; 4-hydroxynonenals ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Better prepare for the next one. Lifestyle lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Galli, Francesco / Reglero, Guillermo / Bartolini, Desirée / Visioli, Francesco

PharmaNutrition

2020 Volume 12, Page(s) 100193

Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Editorial
ISSN	2213-4344
ISSN	2213-4344
DOI	10.1016/j.phanu.2020.100193
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Article ; Online: The age-dependent decline of the extracellular thiol-disulfide balance and its role in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Giustarini, Daniela / Santucci, Annalisa / Bartolini, Desirée / Galli, Francesco / Rossi, Ranieri

Redox biology

2021 Volume 41, Page(s) 101902

Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection can cause a severe respiratory distress syndrome. The risk of severe manifestations and mortality characteristically increase in the elderly and in the presence of non-COVID-19 comorbidity. We and others previously ... ...

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection can cause a severe respiratory distress syndrome. The risk of severe manifestations and mortality characteristically increase in the elderly and in the presence of non-COVID-19 comorbidity. We and others previously demonstrated that the low molecular weight (LMW) and protein thiol/disulfide ratio declines in human plasma with age and such decline is even more rapid in the case of inflammatory and premature aging diseases, which are also associated with the most severe complications of COVID-19 infection. The same decline with age of the LMW thiol/disulfide ratio observed in plasma appears to occur in the extracellular fluids of the respiratory tract and in association with many pulmonary diseases that characteristically reduce the concentrations and adaptive stress response of the lung glutathione. Early evidence in literature suggests that the thiol to disulfide balance of critical Cys residues of the COVID-19 spike protein and the ACE-2 receptor may influence the risk of infection and the severity of the disease, with a more oxidizing environment producing the worst prognosis. With this hypothesis paper we propose that the age-dependent decline of LMW thiol/disulfide ratio of the extracellular fluids, could play a role in promoting the physical (protein-protein) interaction of CoV-2 and the host cell in the airways. Therefore, this redox-dependent interaction is expected to affect the risk of severe infection in an age-dependent manner. The hypothesis can be verified in experimental models of in vitro CoV-2 infection and at the clinical level in that LMW thiols and protein thiolation can now be investigated with standardized, reliable and versatile laboratory protocols. Presenting the verification strategy of our hypothesis, we also discuss available nutritional and ancillary pharmacological strategies to intervene on the thiol/disulfide ratio of extracellular fluids of subjects at risk of infection and COVID-19 patients.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; COVID-19 ; Disulfides ; Humans ; Oxidation-Reduction ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sulfhydryl Compounds
Chemical Substances	Disulfides ; Sulfhydryl Compounds
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2701011-9
ISSN	2213-2317 ; 2213-2317
ISSN (online)	2213-2317
ISSN	2213-2317
DOI	10.1016/j.redox.2021.101902
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The age-dependent decline of the extracellular thiol-disulfide balance and its role in SARS-CoV-2 infection

Daniela Giustarini / Annalisa Santucci / Desirée Bartolini / Francesco Galli / Ranieri Rossi

Redox Biology, Vol 41, Iss , Pp 101902- (2021)

2021

Abstract: SARS–CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection can cause a severe respiratory distress syndrome. The risk of severe manifestations and mortality characteristically increase in the elderly and in the presence of non-COVID-19 comorbidity. We and others previously ... ...

Abstract	SARS–CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection can cause a severe respiratory distress syndrome. The risk of severe manifestations and mortality characteristically increase in the elderly and in the presence of non-COVID-19 comorbidity. We and others previously demonstrated that the low molecular weight (LMW) and protein thiol/disulfide ratio declines in human plasma with age and such decline is even more rapid in the case of inflammatory and premature aging diseases, which are also associated with the most severe complications of COVID-19 infection. The same decline with age of the LMW thiol/disulfide ratio observed in plasma appears to occur in the extracellular fluids of the respiratory tract and in association with many pulmonary diseases that characteristically reduce the concentrations and adaptive stress response of the lung glutathione. Early evidence in literature suggests that the thiol to disulfide balance of critical Cys residues of the COVID-19 spike protein and the ACE-2 receptor may influence the risk of infection and the severity of the disease, with a more oxidizing environment producing the worst prognosis.With this hypothesis paper we propose that the age-dependent decline of LMW thiol/disulfide ratio of the extracellular fluids, could play a role in promoting the physical (protein-protein) interaction of CoV-2 and the host cell in the airways. Therefore, this redox-dependent interaction is expected to affect the risk of severe infection in an age-dependent manner. The hypothesis can be verified in experimental models of in vitro CoV-2 infection and at the clinical level in that LMW thiols and protein thiolation can now be investigated with standardized, reliable and versatile laboratory protocols. Presenting the verification strategy of our hypothesis, we also discuss available nutritional and ancillary pharmacological strategies to intervene on the thiol/disulfide ratio of extracellular fluids of subjects at risk of infection and COVID-19 patients.
Keywords	SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Spike S protein ; ACE-2 receptor ; Aging ; Oxidative stress ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Methodologies for T-Cell Trafficking Through Blood-Brain Barrier After TLR Activation.

Moliterni, Camilla / Tredicine, Maria / Pistilli, Alessandra / Falcicchia, Renato / Bartolini, Desirée / Stabile, Anna Maria / Rende, Mario / Ria, Francesco / Di Sante, Gabriele

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

2023 Volume 2700, Page(s) 199–219

Abstract: This chapter describes ex vivo isolation of human T cells and of naïve splenocytes respectively collected from multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis-affected mice. After the magnetic sorting of ... ...

Abstract	This chapter describes ex vivo isolation of human T cells and of naïve splenocytes respectively collected from multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis-affected mice. After the magnetic sorting of naïve and activated T helper lymphocytes, we provide details about the cell cultures to measure the interaction with extracellular matrix proteins using standard cell invasion or hand-made in vitro assays, upon different stimuli, through Toll-like receptor(s) ligands, T-cell activators, and cell adhesion molecules modulators. Finally, we describe the methods to harvest and recover T cells to evaluate the properties associated with their trafficking ability.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; T-Lymphocytes ; Protein Transport ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Movement
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1940-6029
ISSN (online)	1940-6029
DOI	10.1007/978-1-0716-3366-3_12
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Article ; Online: Melatonin as a Repairing Agent in Cadmium- and Free Fatty Acid-Induced Lipotoxicity.

Migni, Anna / Mancuso, Francesca / Baroni, Tiziano / Di Sante, Gabriele / Rende, Mario / Galli, Francesco / Bartolini, Desirée

Biomolecules

2023 Volume 13, Issue 12

Abstract: 1) Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a potentially toxic element with a long half-life in the human body (20-40 years). Cytotoxicity mechanisms of Cd include increased levels of oxidative stress and apoptotic signaling, and recent studies have suggested that ... ...

Abstract	(1) Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a potentially toxic element with a long half-life in the human body (20-40 years). Cytotoxicity mechanisms of Cd include increased levels of oxidative stress and apoptotic signaling, and recent studies have suggested that these aspects of Cd toxicity contribute a role in the pathobiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a highly prevalent ailment associated with hepatic lipotoxicity and an increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, Cd toxicity and its interplay with fatty acid (FA)-induced lipotoxicity have been studied in intestinal epithelium and liver cells; the cytoprotective function of melatonin (MLT) has been also evaluated. (2) Methods: human liver cells (HepaRG), primary murine hepatocytes and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells were exposed to CdCl
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Humans ; Animals ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; Cadmium/pharmacology ; Melatonin/pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Caco-2 Cells ; Hepatocytes ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/prevention & control ; Fatty Acids/pharmacology ; Palmitic Acid/pharmacology ; Oleic Acid/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; Cadmium (00BH33GNGH) ; Melatonin (JL5DK93RCL) ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Fatty Acids ; Palmitic Acid (2V16EO95H1) ; Oleic Acid (2UMI9U37CP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2701262-1
ISSN	2218-273X ; 2218-273X
ISSN (online)	2218-273X
ISSN	2218-273X
DOI	10.3390/biom13121758
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Article ; Online: A novel black poplar propolis extract with promising health-promoting properties: focus on its chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-genotoxic activities.

Acito, Mattia / Varfaj, Ina / Brighenti, Virginia / Cengiz, Emine Ceren / Rondini, Tommaso / Fatigoni, Cristina / Russo, Carla / Pietrella, Donatella / Pellati, Federica / Bartolini, Desirée / Sardella, Roccaldo / Moretti, Massimo / Villarini, Milena

Food & function

2024

Abstract: Propolis is a resinous mixture produced by honeybees which has been used since ancient times for its useful properties. However, its chemical composition and bioactivity may vary, depending on the geographical area of origin and the type of tree bees use ...

Abstract	Propolis is a resinous mixture produced by honeybees which has been used since ancient times for its useful properties. However, its chemical composition and bioactivity may vary, depending on the geographical area of origin and the type of tree bees use for collecting pollen. In this context, this research aimed to investigate the total phenolic content (using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay) and the total antioxidant capacity (using the FRAP, DPPH, and ABTS assays) of three black poplar (
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2612033-1
ISSN	2042-650X ; 2042-6496
ISSN (online)	2042-650X
ISSN	2042-6496
DOI	10.1039/d3fo05059a
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