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Article ; Online: Az agrárpiac rehabilitálása Magyarországon 1956 után

Zsuzsanna Varga

Metszetek, Iss 2-

2022 Volume 3

Abstract: A tervgazdasággal foglalkozó magyarországi szakirodalom fókuszában mind a rendszerváltás előtt, mind az azóta eltelt időszakban elsősorban az ipari vállalatok vizsgálata állt. Az agrárium szereplőivel alig foglalkoztak annak ellenére, hogy éppen ezen a ... ...

Abstract	A tervgazdasággal foglalkozó magyarországi szakirodalom fókuszában mind a rendszerváltás előtt, mind az azóta eltelt időszakban elsősorban az ipari vállalatok vizsgálata állt. Az agrárium szereplőivel alig foglalkoztak annak ellenére, hogy éppen ezen a területen került sor először a piaci mechanizmusok részleges korrekciójára. A jelen tanulmány egyrészt arra keresi a választ, hogy miért éppen az agrárgazdaságban indult meg a piac rehabilitálása, s meddig jutott el ez a folyamat. Másrészt pedig azt vizsgálja, hogy a piac működéséről felhalmozódott agrárgazdasági tapasztalatok milyen hatást gyakoroltak az 1960-as évek gazdasági reformmunkálataira/ új gazdasági mechanizmus előkészítő munkálatai során. Kísérlet a piac kiiktatására a Rákosi-korszakban Az 1945-49 közötti időszakkal foglalkozó kutatók között a mai napig intenzív vita folyik arról, hogy mikortól is lehet egyértelműen szovjet típusú berendezkedésről beszélni Magyarországon. Annak megítélésében már konszenzus alakult ki, hogy a fordulat nem egyidőben következett be a politikai és a gazdasági életben. Ez utóbbi területen az 1948. március 25-én kiadott, a 100-nál több munkást foglalkoztató üzemek államosításáról szóló minisztertanácsi rendelet hozott döntő fordulatot. (Pető 1998: 95-110.) Az államosítások révén lehetőség nyílt arra, hogy a piaci viszonyok kiiktatásával központilag irányított termelési és elosztási rendszerre térjenek át, ahol az állam tulajdonába került vállalatoknak kötelező tervutasításokkal előírták, hogy miből mennyit termeljenek. A szocializmus nagy előnyét abban jelölte meg a hivatalos ideológia, hogy a termelőeszközök magántulajdonának és a piacnak a felszámolásával lehetővé válik a népgazdasági méretekben való szervezettség, s ezáltal kiiktatódnak olyan problémák, mint a túltermelési válság, a munkanélküliség, stb. (Kornai 1993: 140-159.) A szovjet típusú tervgazdaság Magyarországon az ipar és a nagykereskedelem területén már az első ötéves terv 1950. évi elindulása előtt életbe lépett. Más volt a helyzet a mezőgazdaságban, ahol az ...
Keywords	Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	University of Debrecen
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: What do patients think about the Hungarian health care system and medical students’ learning outcomes? A cross-sectional study on the patients’ perspective in Hungary

Zsuzsanna Varga / Zsuzsanna Pótó / Árpád Csathó / Zsuzsanna Füzesi

BMC Medical Education, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Background The doctor-patient relationship has changed a lot in the 21st century and the varying expectations of the patients play an important role in future professional medical care. The knowledge of patients’ needs is crucial in determining ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background The doctor-patient relationship has changed a lot in the 21st century and the varying expectations of the patients play an important role in future professional medical care. The knowledge of patients’ needs is crucial in determining the learning outcomes in medical education. The objective of this study was to examine the expectations of the patients regarding professional and soft skills (e.g. communicational skills, empathy) of doctors and to get a deeper view. Methods Face-to face data collection through self-reported questionnaire in accredited health care institutions (GPs, hospitals, outpatient care) in Hungary was carried out in 2019. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, k-means cluster and gap matrices were performed to analyze the data. Results In total 1115 patients (male-female: 50–50%, age groups: between 18 and 30: 20%, between 31 and 60: 40% above 60: 40%) participated in the survey. They rated sixteen learning outcomes along with two dimensions: importance and satisfaction. Except for one learning outcome, patients rated the outcomes more important than they were satisfied with them (negative gap). Positive gap was registered only in the case of respecting individual specialty during patient care. Conclusions The results suggest the importance of learning outcomes in relation to the rate of satisfaction from the patients’ perspectives. In addition, the results support that patients’ need are not met in medical care. Patients’ ratings also make an emphasis on the fact that besides professional knowledge other learning outcomes are also important in health care which should have been emphasized as a basis in medical education.
Keywords	Medical teacher ; Pedagogical skills ; Gap matrix ; Patients’ expectation ; Patients’ satisfaction ; Special aspects of education ; LC8-6691 ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	027
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: What do patients think about the Hungarian health care system and medical students' learning outcomes? A cross-sectional study on the patients' perspective in Hungary.

Varga, Zsuzsanna / Pótó, Zsuzsanna / Csathó, Árpád / Füzesi, Zsuzsanna

BMC medical education

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 381

Abstract: Background: The doctor-patient relationship has changed a lot in the 21st century and the varying expectations of the patients play an important role in future professional medical care. The knowledge of patients' needs is crucial in determining the ... ...

Abstract	Background: The doctor-patient relationship has changed a lot in the 21st century and the varying expectations of the patients play an important role in future professional medical care. The knowledge of patients' needs is crucial in determining the learning outcomes in medical education. The objective of this study was to examine the expectations of the patients regarding professional and soft skills (e.g. communicational skills, empathy) of doctors and to get a deeper view. Methods: Face-to face data collection through self-reported questionnaire in accredited health care institutions (GPs, hospitals, outpatient care) in Hungary was carried out in 2019. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, k-means cluster and gap matrices were performed to analyze the data. Results: In total 1115 patients (male-female: 50-50%, age groups: between 18 and 30: 20%, between 31 and 60: 40% above 60: 40%) participated in the survey. They rated sixteen learning outcomes along with two dimensions: importance and satisfaction. Except for one learning outcome, patients rated the outcomes more important than they were satisfied with them (negative gap). Positive gap was registered only in the case of respecting individual specialty during patient care. Conclusions: The results suggest the importance of learning outcomes in relation to the rate of satisfaction from the patients' perspectives. In addition, the results support that patients' need are not met in medical care. Patients' ratings also make an emphasis on the fact that besides professional knowledge other learning outcomes are also important in health care which should have been emphasized as a basis in medical education.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Hungary ; Students, Medical ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Education, Medical ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2044473-4
ISSN	1472-6920 ; 1472-6920
ISSN (online)	1472-6920
ISSN	1472-6920
DOI	10.1186/s12909-023-04350-w
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Article ; Online: Endotheliitis bei COVID-19.

Varga, Zsuzsanna

Der Pathologe

2020 Volume 41, Issue Suppl 2, Page(s) 99–102

Abstract: COVID-19 disease is a systemic inflammatory viral reaction starting with the viral phase followed by the inflammatory phase. The first phase is rather mild and asymptomatic with only a small subset of infected patients turning into the inflammatory phase ...

Title translation	Endotheliitis in COVID-19.
Abstract	COVID-19 disease is a systemic inflammatory viral reaction starting with the viral phase followed by the inflammatory phase. The first phase is rather mild and asymptomatic with only a small subset of infected patients turning into the inflammatory phase with high mortality. Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular risk factors pose a considerably higher risk to develop severe or lethal COVID-19 disease course. COVID-19 affects not only the epithelial cells of the lung parenchyma via ACE2, but also endothelial cells across the whole body thus leading to generalized endothelial damage and inflammation, so-called endotheliitis. The histological morphology of endotheliitis comprises the accumulation of lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages beneath the endothelial cells and within the perivascular spaces. Endothelial cells play an important role in the regulation of vascular tone and the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Endotheliitis thus can shift the vascular equilibrium towards more pronounced vasoconstriction with subsequent organ ischemia, inflammation with associated tissue edema and a procoagulant state. Patients with pre-existing endothelial dysfunction (male sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and established cardiovascular disease) are particularly vulnerable and have adverse outcomes in COVID-19. This is a rationale for approaches to stabilize the endothelium. Most of these findings have been established from autopsies since the outbreak of the pandemic.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	German
Publishing date	2020-12-11
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	135954-x
ISSN	1432-1963 ; 0172-8113
ISSN (online)	1432-1963
ISSN	0172-8113
DOI	10.1007/s00292-020-00875-9
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Article ; Online: Molecular pathology in breast disease: diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools.

Varga, Zsuzsanna / Maccio, Umberto

Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology

2023 Volume 484, Issue 2, Page(s) 247–261

Abstract: Molecular testing in breast cancer gained increasing attention and importance as specific molecular results can tailor not only oncological decisions on systemic adjuvant or neoadjuvant or in metastatic setting, but increasingly serve in diagnostic ... ...

Abstract	Molecular testing in breast cancer gained increasing attention and importance as specific molecular results can tailor not only oncological decisions on systemic adjuvant or neoadjuvant or in metastatic setting, but increasingly serve in diagnostic routine histopathological services to differentiate between morphologically overlapping or ambiguous histological pictures. Diagnostic tools involve in most cases a broad spectrum of immunohistochemical panels, followed by entity-specific in situ hybridization probes and in given cases NGS-based sequencing. Workflow of which methodology is applied and in which order depends on the specific entity resp. on the given differential diagnosis in question. Regarding prognostic/predictive molecular testing, the choice of assay and the workflow are based on clinical algorithms and on the evidence of targeted therapies following the molecular alterations. In this review paper, we aim to address the use of molecular technics in [1] the histological diagnostic setting (such as subtyping of invasive carcinomas/malignant spindle cell tumors and sarcomas and some B3 lesions) and [2] in the context of adjuvant or neoadjuvant or other clinical settings with special focus of targeted therapies.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Prognosis ; Pathology, Molecular ; Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/therapy ; Sarcoma ; Carcinoma
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-28
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1184867-4
ISSN	1432-2307 ; 0945-6317
ISSN (online)	1432-2307
ISSN	0945-6317
DOI	10.1007/s00428-023-03709-0
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Article ; Online: Triple-negatives Mammakarzinom : Klassifikation, aktuelle Konzepte und therapierelevante Faktoren.

Sinn, Hans-Peter / Varga, Zsuzsanna

Pathologie (Heidelberg, Germany)

2023 Volume 44, Issue 1, Page(s) 32–38

Abstract: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for about 10% of all breast cancer cases and is defined by the lack of expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and the lack of overexpression or amplification of HER2. It differs with regard to the ... ...

Title translation	Triple-negative breast cancer : Classification, current concepts, and therapy-related factors.
Abstract	Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for about 10% of all breast cancer cases and is defined by the lack of expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and the lack of overexpression or amplification of HER2. It differs with regard to the younger age of the patients, an increased association with a mutation of BRCA1 and a mostly low differentiation from hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. The spectrum of triple-negative breast cancer shows considerable heterogeneity both at the morphological and at the molecular level. It includes most commonly TNBC of no special type, with and without basal phenotype, triple-negative metaplastic breast carcinomas, triple-negative breast carcinomas with apocrine differentiation and rare triple-negative tumor types. At the gene-expression level, TNBC most commonly is associated with a basal phenotype, with rarer molecular variants of TNBC involving the Claudin-low, molecular apocrine types, and other rarer subtypes. Therefore, a critical use of the term TNBC, considering the histopathological tumor differentiation, is recommended.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Mutation
Chemical Substances	Receptor, ErbB-2 (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Biomarkers, Tumor
Language	German
Publishing date	2023-01-03
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2731-7196
ISSN (online)	2731-7196
DOI	10.1007/s00292-022-01177-y
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Article ; Online: Contemporary issues in breast pathology.

Quinn, Cecily / Schnitt, Stuart J / Varga, Zsuzsanna

Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology

2022 Volume 480, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–3

MeSH term(s)	Breast/pathology ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-30
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1184867-4
ISSN	1432-2307 ; 0945-6317
ISSN (online)	1432-2307
ISSN	0945-6317
DOI	10.1007/s00428-022-03296-6
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Article ; Online: B3-Läsionen der Mamma: Histologische, klinische und epidemiologische Aspekte : Update.

Varga, Zsuzsanna / Sinn, Peter / Lebeau, Annette

Pathologie (Heidelberg, Germany)

2023 Volume 44, Issue 1, Page(s) 5–16

Abstract: B3 lesions of the breast are a heterogeneous group of lesions with uncertain malignant potential encompassing a broad spectrum of histologically distinct alterations that often pose challenging decisions if diagnosed on the preoperative core or vacuum ... ...

Title translation	B3 lesions of the breast: histological, clinical, and epidemiological aspects : Update.
Abstract	B3 lesions of the breast are a heterogeneous group of lesions with uncertain malignant potential encompassing a broad spectrum of histologically distinct alterations that often pose challenging decisions if diagnosed on the preoperative core or vacuum biopsies. B3 lesions are mostly detected due to mammographic calcifications or mass lesions and, in most cases, encompass a spectrum of atypical lesions such as atypical ductal hyperplasia, classic lobular neoplasia, flat epithelial atypia, papillomas, fibroepithelial tumors, and rarely other lesions such as mucocele-like lesions, atypical apocrine lesions, and rare stromal proliferations. The use of immunohistochemical stains (estrogen receptors, basal cytokeratin, myoepithelial markers, and stromal marker panel) is useful in the differentiation of these lesions and allowing proper classification. Regarding clinical management of B3 lesions, the radiological-pathological correlation of the given entity plays the most important key element for the proper next diagnostic and therapeutic step.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Mammography ; Breast/diagnostic imaging ; Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Breast Diseases/diagnosis ; Biopsy
Language	German
Publishing date	2023-01-12
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2731-7196
ISSN (online)	2731-7196
DOI	10.1007/s00292-022-01180-3
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Article ; Online: A malignus betegségekhez társuló tromboembóliás szövődmények.

Lakatos, Kinga / Kiss, Anna / Varga, Zsuzsanna / Butz, Henriett

Magyar onkologia

2023 Volume 67, Issue 2, Page(s) 139–145

Abstract: Cancers are known to increase the tendency for thrombosis, both on the venous and arterial side, which to this day is an important factor in the management of oncology patients. Malignant disease is an independent risk factor for developing venous ... ...

Title translation	Thromboembolic complications associated to malignant diseases.
Abstract	Cancers are known to increase the tendency for thrombosis, both on the venous and arterial side, which to this day is an important factor in the management of oncology patients. Malignant disease is an independent risk factor for developing venous thromboembolism (VTE). Thromboembolic complications in addition to the disease worsen prognosis and are accompanied by significant morbidity and mortality. VTE is the second most common cause of death in cancer after disease progression. Tumors are characterized by hypercoagulability, in addition to which venous stasis and endothelial damage also occur in cancer patients promoting increased clotting. Treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis is often complex; therefore, it is important to identify patients who benefit from primary thromboprophylaxis. The importance of cancer-associated thrombosis is indisputable in everyday oncology. We briefly summarize the frequency and characteristics of their occurrence, the underlying mechanisms, risk factors, clinical appearance, laboratory diagnostics, and the possibilities of prevention and treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Venous Thromboembolism/etiology ; Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use ; Neoplasms/complications ; Medical Oncology ; Disease Progression ; Syndrome
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants
Language	Hungarian
Publishing date	2023-04-18
Publishing country	Hungary
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	414033-3
ISSN	2060-0399 ; 0025-0244
ISSN (online)	2060-0399
ISSN	0025-0244
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Zs.A 5853: Show issues

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Article: Stable organization of the early lexical-semantic network in 18- and 24-month-old preterm and full-term infants: an eye-tracker study.

Ragó, Anett / Varga, Zsuzsanna / Szabo, Miklos

Frontiers in psychology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1194770

Abstract: Introduction: An organized mental lexicon determines new information acquisition by orienting attention during language processing. Adult-like lexical-semantic knowledge organization has already been demonstrated in 24-month-olds. However, the outcomes ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: An organized mental lexicon determines new information acquisition by orienting attention during language processing. Adult-like lexical-semantic knowledge organization has already been demonstrated in 24-month-olds. However, the outcomes of earlier studies have been contradictory in terms of the organizational capacities of 18-month-olds, thus our aim was to examine lexical-semantic organization in this younger age group. In prematurely born infants, audiovisual integration deficits have been found alongside disruptions in language perception. By including late preterm infants with corrected ages in our study, we aimed to test whether maturational differences influence lexical-semantic organization when vocabulary is growing rapidly. Methods: We tested 47 late preterm and full-term 18- and 24-month-old infants by means of an infant-adapted target-absent task using a slightly modified version of the original visual world paradigm for eye tracker. Results: We found a longer fixation duration for the lexical and semantic distractors compared to the neutral pictures. Neither language proficiency nor age affected the looking time results. We found a dissociation by age between taxonomic and associative semantic relations. Maturational differences were detectable in the initial processing of taxonomic relations, as processing in the preterm group was slightly delayed and qualitatively different in the first half of the looking time. The size and composition of the expressive vocabulary differed only by age. Discussion: In general, our study demonstrated a stable lexical-semantic organization between 18 and 24 months of age, regardless of maturational differences.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2563826-9
ISSN	1664-1078
ISSN	1664-1078
DOI	10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1194770
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