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  1. Article: C-reactive protein-mediated phagocytosis and phospholipase D signalling through the high-affinity receptor for immunoglobulin G (FcgammaRI).

    Bodman-Smith, Katherine B / Melendez, Alirio J / Campbell, Ian / Harrison, Patrick T / Allen, Janet M / Raynes, John G

    Immunology

    2002  Volume 107, Issue 2, Page(s) 252–260

    Abstract: ... complement receptors, or direct, through receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (IgG; FcgammaRs) or even ... phospholipase D (PLD) in response to cross-linked IgG, were also activated by CRP without any requirement ...

    Abstract C-reactive protein (CRP) is the prototypic acute-phase protein in man which performs innate immune functions. CRP-mediated phagocytosis may be indirect, through activation of complement and complement receptors, or direct, through receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (IgG; FcgammaRs) or even a putative CRP-specific receptor. No strong evidence has been shown to indicate which receptors may be responsible for phagocytosis or signalling responses. Using BIAcore technology, we confirm that CRP binds directly to the extracellular portion of FcgammaRI with a threefold higher affinity than IgG (KD = 0.81 x 10-9 m). Binding is Ca2+ dependent and is inhibited by IgG1 but not by phosphorylcholine (PC). CRP opsonization (using CRP concentrations within the normal human serum range) of PC-conjugated sheep erythrocytes increased phagocytosis of these particles by COS-7 cells transfected with FcgammaRI-II chimaera or FcgammaRI/gamma-chain. Interferon-gamma-treated U937 cells, which signal through FcgammaRI to activate phospholipase D (PLD) in response to cross-linked IgG, were also activated by CRP without any requirement for further cross-linking. These studies indicate that CRP is capable of binding to and cross-linking FcgammaRI thereby resulting in PLD activation and increased phagocytosis. Uptake by FcgammaRI has been reported to promote various acquired immune responses suggesting that CRP could act in a similar way.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; C-Reactive Protein/immunology ; C-Reactive Protein/metabolism ; COS Cells ; Calcium/physiology ; Erythrocytes/immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/metabolism ; Phagocytosis/immunology ; Phospholipase D/immunology ; Receptors, IgG/immunology ; Receptors, IgG/metabolism ; Rosette Formation ; Sheep ; Signal Transduction/immunology ; U937 Cells
    Chemical Substances Immunoglobulin G ; Receptors, IgG ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4) ; Phospholipase D (EC 3.1.4.4) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2002-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80124-0
    ISSN 1365-2567 ; 0019-2805 ; 0953-4954
    ISSN (online) 1365-2567
    ISSN 0019-2805 ; 0953-4954
    DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01481.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)-induced retardation of the G(2)/M traverse is associated with decreased levels of p34(cdc2) in HL60 cells.

    Harrison, L E / Wang, Q M / Studzinski, G P

    Journal of cellular biochemistry

    1999  Volume 75, Issue 2, Page(s) 226–234

    Abstract: Cellular differentiation of neoplastic cells after exposure to 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25 D ... 3)) is accompanied by altered cell cycle regulation. In previous studies, blocks in both G(1)/S and ... G(2)/M checkpoints have been observed in 1,25D(3)-treated HL60 cells, but the mechanism of the 1,25D ...

    Abstract Cellular differentiation of neoplastic cells after exposure to 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25 D(3)) is accompanied by altered cell cycle regulation. In previous studies, blocks in both G(1)/S and G(2)/M checkpoints have been observed in 1,25D(3)-treated HL60 cells, but the mechanism of the 1,25D(3)-induced G(2)/M block has not been previously reported. In this study, we show by cell cycle analysis, using bromodeoxyuridine pulse-chase labeling, that the G(2)/M block in 1,25D(3)-treated HL60 cells is incomplete. We also demonstrate that although the 1,25D(3)-treated cells exhibit elevated levels of cyclin B1, Cdc25C, and Cdk7, which are positive regulators of the G(2)/M traverse, these cells have decreased protein levels of p34(cdc2) and decreased p34(cdc2) kinase activity. This provides potential mechanisms for the observed accumulation of cells in the G(2) cell cycle compartment and occasional polyploidization following treatment of HL60 cells with 1,25D(3). The data also suggest that the ability of some cells to traverse this block may be the result of cellular compensatory mechanisms responding to decreased p34(cdc2) activity by increasing the levels of other regulators of the G(2) traverse, such as cyclin B1, Cdc25C, and Cdk7.
    MeSH term(s) Bromodeoxyuridine/metabolism ; CDC2 Protein Kinase/drug effects ; CDC2 Protein Kinase/metabolism ; Calcitriol/pharmacology ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Death/drug effects ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cyclin B/metabolism ; Cyclin B1 ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases ; Flow Cytometry ; G2 Phase/drug effects ; HL-60 Cells ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Mitosis/drug effects ; Models, Biological ; Precipitin Tests ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Time Factors ; Up-Regulation ; cdc25 Phosphatases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances CCNB1 protein, human ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Cyclin B ; Cyclin B1 ; Histones ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; CDC2 Protein Kinase (EC 2.7.11.22) ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (EC 2.7.11.22) ; cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase (EC 2.7.11.22) ; CDC25C protein, human (EC 3.1.3.48) ; cdc25 Phosphatases (EC 3.1.3.48) ; Calcitriol (FXC9231JVH) ; Bromodeoxyuridine (G34N38R2N1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1999-11-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 392402-6
    ISSN 1097-4644 ; 0730-2312
    ISSN (online) 1097-4644
    ISSN 0730-2312
    DOI 10.1002/(sici)1097-4644(19991101)75:2<226::aid-jcb5>3.3.co;2-c
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Hope for resistant hypertension through BrigHTN and PRECISION.

    Touyz, R M / Harrison, D G

    Nature reviews. Nephrology

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) 216–217

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Antihypertensive Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2490366-8
    ISSN 1759-507X ; 1759-5061
    ISSN (online) 1759-507X
    ISSN 1759-5061
    DOI 10.1038/s41581-023-00676-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: What makes a good clinical practice experience in radiography and sonography? An exploration of qualified clinical staff and student perceptions.

    Khine, R / Harrison, G / Flinton, D

    Radiography (London, England : 1995)

    2023  Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 66–72

    Abstract: Introduction: Clinical practice can be a challenging experience for some healthcare students. The quality of the clinical experience can have a profound effect on the overall student learning experience in clinical practice and attrition. The aim of the ...

    Abstract Introduction: Clinical practice can be a challenging experience for some healthcare students. The quality of the clinical experience can have a profound effect on the overall student learning experience in clinical practice and attrition. The aim of the study was to explore the perceptions of an optimal clinical practice experience by radiography and sonography students and qualified clinical staff.
    Methods: A qualitative research design was adopted utilising focus groups (n = 5). The study population comprised of qualified radiography/sonography staff (n = 10) from across a number of placement sites used by City, University of London and radiography and sonography students (n = 15) from the same institution. Full verbatim transcriptions were analysed thematically.
    Results: Four key themes emerged: 1) favourable/unfavourable traits, 2) creating an optimal learning environment 3) challenges and 4) considerations for clinical education. Key factors for a positive learning experience included clinical supervisors being approachable, whilst encouraging and empowering students. Qualified radiography/sonography clinical staff highlighted student motivation as an important aspect for successful placement learning.
    Conclusion: The study has provided an insight into a number of positive attributes that enhance student learning experiences whilst on clinical placement. Unhelpful attributes and challenges, such as student motivation and time limitations, were also revealed. It is important that supervisors within the clinical departments actively work towards the provision of a positive learning experience.
    Implications for practice: This study can better inform clinical staff regarding the importance of enhancing the student learning experience and facilitating high quality learning within the clinical department. Moreover, to encourage clinical staff to ensure robust "support" is established for students on placement.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Learning ; Qualitative Research ; Students ; Focus Groups ; Radiography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-21
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1289102-2
    ISSN 1532-2831 ; 1078-8174
    ISSN (online) 1532-2831
    ISSN 1078-8174
    DOI 10.1016/j.radi.2023.09.013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Fifty years of environmental progress for United States dairy farms.

    Rotz, C A / Beegle, D / Bernard, J K / Leytem, A / Feyereisen, G / Hagevoort, R / Harrison, J / Aksland, G / Thoma, G

    Journal of dairy science

    2024  

    Abstract: Dairy farms in the United States (US) have changed in many ways over the past 50 years. Milk production efficiency has increased greatly with about 30% fewer cows producing about twice the amount of milk today. Other improvements include increases in ... ...

    Abstract Dairy farms in the United States (US) have changed in many ways over the past 50 years. Milk production efficiency has increased greatly with about 30% fewer cows producing about twice the amount of milk today. Other improvements include increases in crop yields, fuel efficiency of farm equipment and efficiency in producing most resources used on farms (electricity, fuel, fertilizer, etc.). These improvements have led to changes in the environmental impact of farms. Through simulation of representative dairy farms in 1971 and 2020, changes in nutrient losses and farmgate life cycle assessments of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, fossil energy use, and blue (ground and surface) water use were determined for 6 regions and the US For all environmental metrics studied, intensities expressed per unit of fat and protein corrected milk produced were reduced, but the total impacts over all farms or milk produced increased for 5 of the 13 environmental metrics. Reductions in the impacts of dairy farms in the eastern US were offset by large increases in western regions because of a major increase in cow numbers in the west. The national average intensity of GHG emissions decreased by 42%, which gave just a 14% increase in the total GHG emission of all dairy farms over the 50-yr period. The intensity of fossil energy use decreased by 54% with the total for all farms decreasing 9%. Water use related to milk production decreased in intensity by 28%, but due to the large increase in dairy production in the dry western regions with greater dependence on irrigated feed crops, total blue water use increased 42%. Major pathways of nitrogen loss included ammonia volatilization, leaching, and denitrification, where total ammonia emissions related to US dairy farms increased 29% while leaching losses decreased by 39% with little change in nitrous oxide emission. Simulated nitrogen and phosphorus runoff losses totaled for all dairy farms decreased 27 to 51% through more efficient fertilizer use, reduced tillage, and greater use of cover crops. Emissions of methane and reactive non-methane volatile organic compounds increased 32% and 53%, respectively, due to greater use of long-term manure storage and silage stored in bunkers and piles. Although much progress has been made in improving production efficiency, continued improvement with new strategies and technologies are needed to meet the demand for dairy products while mitigating total environmental impacts, particularly in view of projected climate variability.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 242499-x
    ISSN 1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
    ISSN (online) 1525-3198
    ISSN 0022-0302
    DOI 10.3168/jds.2023-24185
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Understanding the impact of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith) leaf damage on maize yields.

    Chisonga, Chipo / Chipabika, Gilson / Sohati, Philemon H / Harrison, Rhett D

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 6, Page(s) e0279138

    Abstract: ... IPM strategies should focus on interventions aimed at improving plant vigour (e.g. through integrated ...

    Abstract Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith), a serious pest of maize and other cereals, recently invaded the Old World potentially threatening the food security and incomes of millions of smallholder farmers. Being able to assess the impacts of a pest on yields is fundamental to developing Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approaches. Hence, working with an early maturing, medium maturing and late maturing variety, we inoculated maize plants with 2nd instar S. frugiperda larvae at V5, V8, V12, VT and R1 growth stages to investigate the effects of FAW induced damage on yield. Different plants were inoculated 0-3 times and larvae were removed after 1 or 2 weeks to generate a wide range of damage profiles. We scored plants for leaf damage at 3, 5 and 7 weeks after emergence (WAE) using the 9 point Davis scale. While at harvest we assessed ear damage (1-9 scale), and recorded plant height and grain yield per plant. We used Structural Equation Models to assess the direct effects of leaf damage on yield and indirect effects via plant height. For the early and medium maturing varieties leaf damage at 3 and 5 WAE, respectively, had significant negative linear effects on grain yield. In the late maturing variety, leaf damage at 7 WAE had an indirect effect on yield through a significant negative linear effect on plant height. However, despite the controlled screenhouse conditions, in all three varieties leaf damage explained less than 3% of the variation in yield at the plant level. Overall, these results indicate that S. frugiperda induced leaf damage has a slight but detectable impact on yield at a specific plant developmental stage, and our models will contribute to the development of decision-support tools for IPM. However, given the low average yields obtained by smallholders in sub-Saharan Africa and the relatively low levels of FAW induced leaf damage recorded in most areas, IPM strategies should focus on interventions aimed at improving plant vigour (e.g. through integrated soil fertility management) and the role of natural enemies, as these are likely to result in greater yield gains at lower cost than a focus on FAW control.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Spodoptera ; Zea mays ; Plant Leaves ; Edible Grain ; Farmers ; Larva
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0279138
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Neonatal Sacrococcygeal Fetiform Teratoma Containing Bowel: A Case Report.

    Toms, Ashley / Govender, Tarlia Rasa / Brisighelli, Giulia / Harrison, Derek

    European journal of pediatric surgery reports

    2024  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) e11–e15

    Abstract: A fetiform sacrococcygeal teratoma (homunculus) is a highly differentiated subgroup of mature cystic teratoma that resembles a malformed fetus. These tumors originate at the base of the coccyx and may vary in their intrapelvic and extrapelvic extent and ... ...

    Abstract A fetiform sacrococcygeal teratoma (homunculus) is a highly differentiated subgroup of mature cystic teratoma that resembles a malformed fetus. These tumors originate at the base of the coccyx and may vary in their intrapelvic and extrapelvic extent and location. It is important to differentiate this anomaly from fetus-in-fetu which has a higher degree of structural organization. A 5-day-old neonate presented with a type II sacrococcygeal fetiform teratoma. The mass contained both cystic and solid components. Upon surgical excision and coccygectomy, fully formed bowel was found inside the mass, as well as bones and other well-defined structures. The tumor was confirmed to be fully excised and no malignant or immature features were found on histopathological examination. The patient was last seen growing well with an alpha-fetoprotein of 3.5 μg/L, 14 months after resection.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-22
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2674016-3
    ISSN 2194-7627 ; 2194-7619
    ISSN (online) 2194-7627
    ISSN 2194-7619
    DOI 10.1055/a-2206-4825
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Determining cutoff scores on the Conners' adult ADHD rating scales that can definitively rule out the presence of ADHD in a clinical sample.

    Kwan, Dylan / Davin, Nathaniel / Harrison, Allyson G / Gillie, Sienna

    Applied neuropsychology. Adult

    2024  , Page(s) 1–11

    Abstract: In recent years, the prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and the number of individuals seeking ADHD assessments has risen significantly, leading to an increased demand for accurate diagnostic tools. This study aimed to identify ... ...

    Abstract In recent years, the prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and the number of individuals seeking ADHD assessments has risen significantly, leading to an increased demand for accurate diagnostic tools. This study aimed to identify cutoff scores on the Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS-S:L) that can definitively rule out the presence of ADHD. Among 102 clinically diagnosed adult ADHD participants and 448 non-ADHD participants who completed the CAARS-S:L, a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis established a perfectly discriminant cutoff T-score of <44 on the ADHD Symptoms Total subscale when looking at any ADHD diagnosis and <54 on the Inattentive Symptoms subscale when looking at individuals diagnosed with the inattentive subtype of ADHD. Alternative cutoffs of <54 (ADHD Symptoms Total subscale) and <63 (Inattentive Symptoms subscale) were also identified, both with a sensitivity of 0.95 or higher. Furthermore, the analysis found the ADHD Index to be a poor predictor of a negative ADHD diagnosis, suggesting against the use of this scale for cutoff determination. Despite this limitation, these findings indicate that with specific cutoffs, the CAARS-S:L may have the potential to conclusively rule out ADHD, effectively streamlining the diagnostic process and reducing unnecessary comprehensive assessments in clear negative cases.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2673736-X
    ISSN 2327-9109 ; 2327-9095
    ISSN (online) 2327-9109
    ISSN 2327-9095
    DOI 10.1080/23279095.2024.2336204
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  9. Book: Meistern Sie Angst und Sorgen!

    Craske, Michelle G. / Barlow, David H.

    generalisierte Angststörung bewältigen - ein Patientenmanual

    2016  

    Title translation Mastery of your anxiety and worry
    Author's details Michelle G. Craske ; David H. Barlow
    Keywords Generalisierte Angststörung ; Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie
    Subject Kognitive Verhaltensmodifikation ; Kognitiv-behaviorale Therapie ; KVT ; Angstneurose
    Language German
    Size 165 S. : graph. Darst.
    Edition 1. Aufl.
    Publisher Hogrefe
    Publishing place Bern
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Book
    Note Aus dem Engl. übers.
    HBZ-ID HT018806320
    ISBN 978-3-456-85533-2 ; 3-456-85533-8 ; 9783456755335 ; 9783456955339 ; 3456755333 ; 3456955332
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  10. Article: Functional Lower Extremity Strength Influences Stepping Strategy in Community-Dwelling Older Adults During Single and Dual-Task Walking.

    Peoples, Brandon M / Harrison, Kenneth D / Santamaria-Guzman, Keven G / Campos-Varga, Silvia E / Monaghan, Patrick G / Roper, Jaimie A

    Research square

    2024  

    Abstract: As age increases, a decline in lower extremity strength leads to reduced mobility and increased fall risks. This decline outpaces the age-related reduction in muscle mass, resulting in mobility limitations. Older adults with varying degrees of mobility- ... ...

    Abstract As age increases, a decline in lower extremity strength leads to reduced mobility and increased fall risks. This decline outpaces the age-related reduction in muscle mass, resulting in mobility limitations. Older adults with varying degrees of mobility-disability use different stepping strategies. However, the link between functional lower extremity strength and stepping strategy is unknown. Therefore, understanding how age-related reductions in functional lower extremity strength influence stepping strategy is vital to unraveling mobility limitations. Participants were recruited and tested at a local community event, where they were outfitted with IMUs and walked across a pressurized walkway. Our study reveals that older adults with normal strength prefer adjusting their step time during walking tasks, while those with reduced strength do not exhibit a preferred stepping strategy. This study provides valuable insights into the influence of functional lower extremity strength on stepping strategy in community-dwelling older adults during simple and complex walking tasks. These findings could aid in diagnosing gait deviations and developing appropriate treatment or management plans for mobility disability in older adults.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3983607/v1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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