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Artikel ; Online: Prevalence and Characteristics of Persistent Symptoms in Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From a Household Cohort Study in England and Wales.

Miller, Faith / Nguyen, Dr Vincent / Navaratnam, Annalan Md / Shrotri, Madhumita / Kovar, Jana / Hayward, Andrew C / Fragaszy, Ellen / Aldridge, Robert W / Hardelid, Pia

The Pediatric infectious disease journal

2022 Band 41, Heft 12, Seite(n) 979–984

Mesh-Begriff(e)	Child ; Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Wales/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Cohort Studies ; England/epidemiology
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2022-10-21
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392481-6
ISSN	1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
ISSN (online)	1532-0987
ISSN	0891-3668
DOI	10.1097/INF.0000000000003715
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel: A case series of non-valvular cardiac aspergillosis in critically ill solid organ transplant and non-transplant patients and systematic review.

Navaratnam, Annalan Md / Al-Freah, Mohammad / Cavazza, Anna / Auzinger, Georg

Journal of the Intensive Care Society

2020 Band 22, Heft 3, Seite(n) 241–247

Abstract: Introduction: Non-valvular cardiac aspergillosis is a rare infection of the pericardium, myocardium or endocardium and is associated with a high mortality. There is a paucity of reports of non-valvular cardiac aspergillosis in critically ill and solid ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Non-valvular cardiac aspergillosis is a rare infection of the pericardium, myocardium or endocardium and is associated with a high mortality. There is a paucity of reports of non-valvular cardiac aspergillosis in critically ill and solid organ transplant (SOT) patients. The majority of cases have been reported in haemato-oncology patients, some of whom have undergone a bone marrow transplant. Objectives: We describe four cases affected by non-valvular cardiac aspergillosis in the intensive care setting including a systematic review of this extremely rare infection which is associated with high mortality. Results: All four-patients died but presented with varying clinical, radiological and microbiological evidence of the disease. Three patients presented following complications after solid organ transplantation, two in the context of acute liver failure and emergency liver transplant and one several years after a double lung transplant. The last patient presented with necrotising gall stone pancreatitis, multi-organ failure and subsequently a prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay. On review of the literature, January 1955 to July 2019, 45 cases were identified, with different risk factors, clinical and radiological manifestations, treatment regimen and outcome. Conclusion: Antemortem diagnosis of cardiac aspergillosis is difficult and rare, with no cases reporting positive blood culture results. Galactomannan serology has poor sensitivity in solid organ transplant patients, further reduced by prophylactic antimicrobial treatment, which is common in the ICU setting especially post-transplant patients. Due to the scarcity of cases, treatment is extrapolated from invasive aspergillosis management, with emphasis on early treatment with combination therapy.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2020-07-06
Erscheinungsland	England
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2701626-2
ISSN	1751-1437 ; 1751-1437
ISSN (online)	1751-1437
ISSN	1751-1437
DOI	10.1177/1751143720936821
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: The incidence of COVID-19-related hospitalisation in migrants in the UK: Findings from the Virus Watch prospective community cohort study.

Fong, Wing Lam Erica / Nguyen, Vincent G / Burns, Rachel / Boukari, Yamina / Beale, Sarah / Braithwaite, Isobel / Byrne, Thomas E / Geismar, Cyril / Fragaszy, Ellen / Hoskins, Susan / Kovar, Jana / Navaratnam, Annalan Md / Oskrochi, Youssof / Patel, Parth / Tweed, Sam / Yavlinsky, Alexei / Hayward, Andrew C / Aldridge, Robert W

Journal of migration and health

2024 Band 9, Seite(n) 100218

Abstract: Background: Migrants in the United Kingdom (UK) may be at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure; however, little is known about their risk of COVID-19-related hospitalisation during waves 1-3 of the pandemic.: Methods: We analysed secondary care data ... ...

Abstract	Background: Migrants in the United Kingdom (UK) may be at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure; however, little is known about their risk of COVID-19-related hospitalisation during waves 1-3 of the pandemic. Methods: We analysed secondary care data linked to Virus Watch study data for adults and estimated COVID-19-related hospitalisation incidence rates by migration status. To estimate the total effect of migration status on COVID-19 hospitalisation rates, we ran mixed-effect Poisson regression for wave 1 (01/03/2020-31/08/2020; wildtype), and mixed-effect negative binomial regressions for waves 2 (01/09/2020-31/05/2021; Alpha) and 3 (01/06/2020-31/11/2021; Delta). Results of all models were then meta-analysed. Results: Of 30,276 adults in the analyses, 26,492 (87.5 %) were UK-born and 3,784 (12.5 %) were migrants. COVID-19-related hospitalisation incidence rates for UK-born and migrant individuals across waves 1-3 were 2.7 [95 % CI 2.2-3.2], and 4.6 [3.1-6.7] per 1,000 person-years, respectively. Pooled incidence rate ratios across waves suggested increased rate of COVID-19-related hospitalisation in migrants compared to UK-born individuals in unadjusted 1.68 [1.08-2.60] and adjusted analyses 1.35 [0.71-2.60]. Conclusion: Our findings suggest migration populations in the UK have excess risk of COVID-19-related hospitalisations and underscore the need for more equitable interventions particularly aimed at COVID-19 vaccination uptake among migrants.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2024-02-27
Erscheinungsland	England
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-6235
ISSN (online)	2666-6235
DOI	10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100218
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 infections in migrants and the role of household overcrowding: a causal mediation analysis of Virus Watch data.

Boukari, Yamina / Beale, Sarah / Nguyen, Vincent / Fong, Wing Lam Erica / Burns, Rachel / Yavlinsky, Alexei / Hoskins, Susan / Lewis, Kate / Geismar, Cyril / Navaratnam, Annalan Md / Braithwaite, Isobel / Byrne, Thomas E / Oskrochi, Youssof / Tweed, Sam / Kovar, Jana / Patel, Parth / Hayward, Andrew / Aldridge, Robert

Journal of epidemiology and community health

2023 Band 77, Heft 10, Seite(n) 649–655

Abstract: Background: Migrants are over-represented in SARS-CoV-2 infections globally; however, evidence is limited for migrants in England and Wales. Household overcrowding is a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection, with migrants more likely to live in ... ...

Abstract	Background: Migrants are over-represented in SARS-CoV-2 infections globally; however, evidence is limited for migrants in England and Wales. Household overcrowding is a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection, with migrants more likely to live in overcrowded households than UK-born individuals. We aimed to estimate the total effect of migration status on SARS-CoV-2 infection and to what extent household overcrowding mediated this effect. Methods: We included a subcohort of individuals from the Virus Watch prospective cohort study during the second SARS-CoV-2 wave (1 September 2020-30 April 2021) who were aged ≥18 years, self-reported the number of rooms in their household and had no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection pre-September 2020. We estimated total, indirect and direct effects using Buis' logistic decomposition regression controlling for age, sex, ethnicity, clinical vulnerability, occupation, income and whether they lived with children. Results: In total, 23 478 individuals were included. 9.07% (187/2062) of migrants had evidence of infection during the study period vs 6.27% (1342/21 416) of UK-born individuals. Migrants had 22% higher odds of infection during the second wave (total effect; OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.47). Household overcrowding accounted for approximately 36% (95% CI -4% to 77%) of these increased odds (indirect effect, OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.12; proportion accounted for: indirect effect on log odds scale/total effect on log odds scale=0.36). Conclusion: Migrants had higher odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the second wave compared with UK-born individuals and household overcrowding explained 36% of these increased odds. Policy interventions to reduce household overcrowding for migrants are needed as part of efforts to tackle health inequalities during the pandemic and beyond.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Mediation Analysis ; Prospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Transients and Migrants ; Male ; Female ; Family Characteristics
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2023-07-18
Erscheinungsland	England
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	391868-3
ISSN	1470-2738 ; 0142-467X ; 0141-7681 ; 0143-005X
ISSN (online)	1470-2738
ISSN	0142-467X ; 0141-7681 ; 0143-005X
DOI	10.1136/jech-2022-220251
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel: Endotipsitis: A case report with a literature review on an emerging prosthetic related infection.

Navaratnam, Annalan Md / Grant, Matthew / Banach, David B

World journal of hepatology

2015 Band 7, Heft 4, Seite(n) 710–716

Abstract: Aim: To investigate the etiology and management of a poorly understood complication of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; "endotipsitis".: Methods: A MEDLINE database search was carried out, reviewing all papers with specific words in the ...

Abstract	Aim: To investigate the etiology and management of a poorly understood complication of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; "endotipsitis". Methods: A MEDLINE database search was carried out, reviewing all papers with specific words in the title or abstract, and excluding appropriately. Of 283 papers that were reviewed, 22 papers reporting 53 cases in total were included in the analyses. Results: No predominant etiology for endotipsitis was identified, but gram-positive organisms were more common among early-onset infections (P < 0.01). A higher mortality rate was associated with Staphylococcus aureus and Candida spp infections (P < 0.01). There was no trend in choice of antibiotic based on the microorganisms isolated and treatment varied from the guidelines of other vegetative prosthetic infections. In endotipsitis "high risk" organisms have been identified, emphasizing the importance of ensuring optimal antimicrobial therapy and adjunctive management strategies. Conclusion: Higher mortality rate was associated with Staphylococcus aureus and Candida spp infections. A prospective multicenter trial is needed before specific treatment can be recommended.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2015-04-02
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2573703-X
ISSN	1948-5182
ISSN	1948-5182
DOI	10.4254/wjh.v7.i4.710
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: The incidence of COVID-19-related hospitalisation in migrants in the UK: Findings from the Virus Watch prospective community cohort study

Fong, Wing Lam Erica / Nguyen, Vincent G / Burns, Rachel / Boukari, Yamina / Beale, Sarah / Braithwaite, Isobel / Byrne, Thomas E / Geismar, Cyril / Fragaszy, Ellen / Hoskins, Susan / Kovar, Jana / Navaratnam, Annalan MD / Oskrochi, Youssof / Patel, Parth / Tweed, Sam / Yavlinsky, Alexei / Hayward, Andrew C / Aldridge, Robert W

medRxiv

Abstract: Background: Migrants in the UK may be at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure; however, little is known about their risk of COVID-19-related hospitalisation during waves 1-3 of the pandemic. Methods: We analysed secondary care data linked to Virus Watch ... ...

Abstract	Background: Migrants in the UK may be at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure; however, little is known about their risk of COVID-19-related hospitalisation during waves 1-3 of the pandemic. Methods: We analysed secondary care data linked to Virus Watch study data for adults and estimated COVID-19-related hospitalisation incidence rates by migration status. To estimate the total effect of migration status on COVID-19 hospitalisation rates, we ran fixed-effect Poisson regression for wave 1 (01/03/2020-31/08/2020; wildtype), and fixed-effect negative binomial regressions for waves 2 (01/09/2020-31/05/2021; Alpha) and 3 (01/06/2020-31/11/2021; Delta). Results of all models were then meta-analysed. Results: Of 30,276 adults in the analyses, 26,492 (87.5%) were UK-born and 3,784 (12.5%) were migrants. COVID-19-related hospitalisation incidence rates for UK-born and migrant individuals across waves 1-3 were 2.7 [95% CI 2.2-3.2], and 4.6 [3.1-6.7] per 1,000 person-years, respectively. Pooled incidence rate ratios across waves suggested increased rate of COVID-19-related hospitalisation in migrants compared to UK-born individuals in unadjusted 1.68 [1.08-2.60] and adjusted analyses 1.35 [0.71-2.60]. Conclusions: Our findings suggest migration populations in the UK have excess risk of COVID-19-related hospitalisations and underscore the need for more equitable interventions particularly aimed at COVID-19 vaccination uptake among migrants.
Schlagwörter	covid19
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2023-01-07
Verlag	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2023.01.06.22283653
Datenquelle	COVID19

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Artikel ; Online: Prevalence of persistent symptoms in children during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from a household cohort study in England and Wales

Miller, Faith / Nguyen, Vincent / Navaratnam, Annalan MD / Shrotri, Madhumita / Kovar, Jana / Hayward, Andrew C / Fragaszy, Ellen / Aldridge, Robert W / Virus Watch Collaborative / Hardelid, Pia

medRxiv

Abstract: Using data from 4678 children participating in VirusWatch, a UK household cohort study, we estimated the prevalence of persistent symptoms as 1.7%, and 4.6% in children with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Persistent symptoms prevalence was higher in ... ...

Abstract	Using data from 4678 children participating in VirusWatch, a UK household cohort study, we estimated the prevalence of persistent symptoms as 1.7%, and 4.6% in children with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Persistent symptoms prevalence was higher in girls, teenagers and children with long-term conditions.
Schlagwörter	covid19
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2021-06-02
Verlag	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2021.05.28.21257602
Datenquelle	COVID19

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Artikel ; Online: Deprivation and exposure to public activities during the COVID-19 pandemic in England and Wales.

Beale, Sarah / Braithwaite, Isobel / Navaratnam, Annalan Md / Hardelid, Pia / Rodger, Alison / Aryee, Anna / Byrne, Thomas E / Fong, Erica Wing Lam / Fragaszy, Ellen / Geismar, Cyril / Kovar, Jana / Nguyen, Vincent / Patel, Parth / Shrotri, Madhumita / Aldridge, Robert / Hayward, Andrew

Journal of epidemiology and community health

2021 Band 76, Heft 4, Seite(n) 319–326

Abstract: Background: Differential exposure to public activities may contribute to stark deprivation-related inequalities in SARS-CoV-2 infection and outcomes but has not been directly investigated. We set out to investigate whether participants in Virus Watch-a ... ...

Abstract	Background: Differential exposure to public activities may contribute to stark deprivation-related inequalities in SARS-CoV-2 infection and outcomes but has not been directly investigated. We set out to investigate whether participants in Virus Watch-a large community cohort study based in England and Wales-reported differential exposure to public activities and non-household contacts during the autumn-winter phase of the COVID-19 pandemic according to postcode-level socioeconomic deprivation. Methods: Participants (n=20 120-25 228 across surveys) reported their daily activities during 3 weekly periods in late November 2020, late December 2020 and mid-February 2021. Deprivation was quantified based on participants' residential postcode using English or Welsh Index of Multiple Deprivation quintiles. We used Poisson mixed-effect models with robust standard errors to estimate the relationship between deprivation and risk of exposure to public activities during each survey period. Results: Relative to participants in the least deprived areas, participants in the most deprived areas exhibited elevated risk of exposure to vehicle sharing (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) range across time points: 1.73-8.52), public transport (aRR: 3.13-5.73), work or education outside of the household (aRR: 1.09-1.21), essential shops (aRR: 1.09-1.13) and non-household contacts (aRR: 1.15-1.19) across multiple survey periods. Conclusion: Differential exposure to essential public activities-such as attending workplaces and visiting essential shops-is likely to contribute to inequalities in infection risk and outcomes. Public health interventions to reduce exposure during essential activities and financial and practical support to enable low-paid workers to stay at home during periods of intense transmission may reduce COVID-related inequalities.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; England/epidemiology ; Health Status Disparities ; Humans ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Wales/epidemiology
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2021-10-12
Erscheinungsland	England
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	391868-3
ISSN	1470-2738 ; 0142-467X ; 0141-7681 ; 0143-005X
ISSN (online)	1470-2738
ISSN	0142-467X ; 0141-7681 ; 0143-005X
DOI	10.1136/jech-2021-217076
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Workplace Contact Patterns in England during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of the Virus Watch prospective cohort study

Beale, Sarah / Hoskins, Susan J / Byrne, Thomas Edward / Fong, Erica Wing Lam / Fragaszy, Ellen / Geismar, Cyril / Kovar, Jana / Navaratnam, Annalan MD / Nguyen, Vincent / Patel, Parth / Yavlinsky, Alexei / Johnson, Anne M / Aldridge, Robert W / Hayward, Andrew

medRxiv

Abstract: Background: Workplaces are an important potential source of SARS-CoV-2 exposure; however, investigation into workplace contact patterns is lacking. This study aimed to investigate how workplace attendance and features of contact varied between ... ...

Abstract	Background: Workplaces are an important potential source of SARS-CoV-2 exposure; however, investigation into workplace contact patterns is lacking. This study aimed to investigate how workplace attendance and features of contact varied between occupations and over time during the COVID-19 pandemic in England. Methods: Data were obtained from electronic contact diaries submitted between November 2020 and November 2021 by employed/self-employed prospective cohort study participants (n=4,616). We used mixed models to investigate the main effects and potential interactions between occupation and time for: workplace attendance, number of people in shared workspace, time spent sharing workspace, number of close contacts, and usage of face coverings. Findings: Workplace attendance and contact patterns varied across occupations and time. The predicted probability of intense space sharing during the day was highest for healthcare (78% [95% CI: 75-81%]) and education workers (64% [59%-69%]), who also had the highest probabilities for larger numbers of close contacts (36% [32%-40%] and 38% [33%-43%] respectively). Education workers also demonstrated relatively low predicted probability (51% [44%-57%]) of wearing a face covering during close contact. Across all occupational groups, levels of workspace sharing and close contact were higher and usage of face coverings at work lower in later phases of the pandemic compared to earlier phases. Interpretation: Major variations in patterns of workplace contact and mask use are likely to contribute to differential COVID-19 risk. Across occupations, increasing workplace contact and reduced usage of face coverings presents an area of concern given ongoing high levels of community transmission and emergence of variants.
Schlagwörter	covid19
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2021-12-16
Verlag	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2021.12.16.21267906
Datenquelle	COVID19

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Artikel ; Online: Deprivation and Exposure to Public Activities during the COVID-19 Pandemic in England and Wales

Beale, Sarah / Braithwaite, Isobel / Navaratnam, Annalan MD / Hardelid, Pia / Rodger, Alison / Aryee, Anna / Byrne, Thomas Edward / Fong, Wing Lam Erica / Fragaszy, Ellen / Geismar, Cyril / Kovar, Jana / Nguyen, Vincent / Patel, Parth / Shrotri, Madhumita / Aldridge, Robert W / Hayward, Andrew C / Virus Watch Collaborative

medRxiv

Abstract: Background: Differential exposure to public activities and non-household contacts may contribute to stark deprivation-related inequalities in SARS-CoV-2 infection and outcomes, but has not been directly investigated. We set out to investigate whether ... ...

Abstract	Background: Differential exposure to public activities and non-household contacts may contribute to stark deprivation-related inequalities in SARS-CoV-2 infection and outcomes, but has not been directly investigated. We set out to investigate whether participants in Virus Watch - a large community cohort study based in England and Wales - reported different levels of exposure to public activities and non-household contacts during the Autumn-Winter phase of the COVID-19 pandemic according to postcode-level socioeconomic deprivation. Methods: Participants (n=20120-25228 across surveys) reported their daily activities during three weekly periods in late November 2020, late December 2020, and mid-February 2021. Deprivation was quantified based on participants9 postcode of residence using English or Welsh Indices of Multiple Deprivation quintiles. We used Poisson mixed effect models with robust standard errors to estimate the relationship between deprivation and risk of exposure to public activities during each survey period. Results: Relative to participants in the least deprived areas, participants in the most deprived areas persistently exhibited elevated risk of exposure to vehicle sharing (aRR range across time points 1.73-8.52), public transport (aRR 3.13-5.73), work or education outside of the household (aRR 1.09-1.21), essential shops (aRR 1.09-1.13) and non-household contacts (aRR 1.15-1.19) across multiple survey periods. Conclusion: Differential exposure to essential public activities in deprived communities is likely to contribute to inequalities in infection risk and outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health interventions to reduce exposure during essential activities and financial and practical support to enable low-paid workers to stay at home during periods of intense transmission may reduce COVID-related inequalities.
Schlagwörter	covid19
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2021-04-28
Verlag	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2021.04.26.21255732
Datenquelle	COVID19

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