LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 343

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: Pseudogap in the c-axis (along the ladder) optical conductivity of t  -  J ladders and its quasiparticle interpretation.

    Karlubíková, Paulína / Růžičková, Hana / Chaloupka, Jiří / Munzar, Dominik

    Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal

    2019  Volume 31, Issue 13, Page(s) 135502

    Abstract: ... studied the c-axis (along the ladder) optical conductivity [Formula: see text] of a doped [Formula: see ... by a pseudogap. The width of the pseudogap [Formula: see text] increases with increasing J/t, in parallel ... 2015 New J. Phys. 17 053022). Our findings support the point of view that low energy infrared active ...

    Abstract Motivated by similarities between cuprate superconductors and two-leg ladder copper-oxide compounds and in order to obtain a better understanding of optical properties of cuprate superconductors we have studied the c-axis (along the ladder) optical conductivity [Formula: see text] of a doped [Formula: see text] two-leg ladder. Using exact diagonalization, we have calculated the conductivity and related quantities for cyclic ladders of up to 13 rungs. In agreement with results of an early study by Hayward and coworkers (Hayward et al 1996 Phys. Rev. B 53 8863) we find that [Formula: see text] consists of a Drude peak at zero frequency and an absorption band in the infrared region that is separated from the former by a pseudogap. The width of the pseudogap [Formula: see text] increases with increasing J/t, in parallel with an increase of the magnitude [Formula: see text] of the gap in the quasiparticle excitation spectra. Our central finding is that [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the magnitude of the gap in the spin excitation spectra. We demonstrate that this approximate relation can be understood in terms of a phenomenological model involving a superconducting ladder and a coupling between charged quasiparticles and spin excitations. The relation is remarkably similar to the one between experimental values of the energy scale of a dip in the in-plane optical conductivity, the superconducting gap [Formula: see text] and the energy of the spin-resonance in cuprate superconductors (for a recent discussion of the optical data, see Šopík et al 2015 New J. Phys. 17 053022). Our findings support the point of view that low energy infrared active excited states of cuprate superconductors can be viewed as consisting of two charged quasiparticles connected with pair-breaking and a spin excitation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1472968-4
    ISSN 1361-648X ; 0953-8984
    ISSN (online) 1361-648X
    ISSN 0953-8984
    DOI 10.1088/1361-648X/aafd10
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: Effect of e-cigarette taxes on e-cigarette and cigarette retail prices and sales, USA, 2014-2019.

    Diaz, Megan C / Donovan, Emily / Tauras, John / Stephens, Daniel / Schillo, Barbara / Phillips, Serena / Chaloupka, Frank J / Pesko, Michael

    Tobacco control

    2023  

    Abstract: Objective: To use a standardised e-cigarette tax measure to examine the impact of e-cigarette taxes on the price and sales of e-cigarettes and cigarettes in the USA.: Design: We used State Line versions of NielsenIQ Retail Scanner data from quarter 4 ...

    Abstract Objective: To use a standardised e-cigarette tax measure to examine the impact of e-cigarette taxes on the price and sales of e-cigarettes and cigarettes in the USA.
    Design: We used State Line versions of NielsenIQ Retail Scanner data from quarter 4 of 2014 through quarter 4 of 2019 to calculate e-cigarette and cigarette prices and sales in 23 US states. We then estimated how these outcomes are associated with standardised state-level e-cigarette taxes, controlling for state fixed effects, quarter-by-year fixed effects, cigarette taxes, other tobacco control policies and other state-level time-varying characteristics.
    Results: A real $1 increase in the e-cigarette standardised tax increases the price of 1 mL of e-liquid between $0.43 and $0.59 depending on specification. Controlling for fixed effects and cigarette taxes, a 10% increase in e-cigarette taxes is estimated to reduce e-cigarette sales by 0.5% and increase cigarette sales by 0.1%, though both results are attenuated and statistically insignificant in a model with full controls.
    Conclusions: Our study finds that e-cigarette taxes increase e-cigarette retail prices by approximately half of the tax. Further, e-cigarette taxes are associated with reduced sales of e-cigarettes and increased sales of cigarettes in some specifications. Our estimates are sizably lower than from other studies using sales and survey data.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1146554-2
    ISSN 1468-3318 ; 0964-4563
    ISSN (online) 1468-3318
    ISSN 0964-4563
    DOI 10.1136/tc-2022-057743
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article ; Online: The pass-through of alcohol excise taxes to prices in OECD countries.

    Shang, Ce / Ngo, Anh / Chaloupka, Frank J

    The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care

    2020  Volume 21, Issue 6, Page(s) 855–867

    Abstract: Tax pass-through rates to prices measure how much prices increase when taxes are increased by one unit, which will in turn determine the effectiveness of taxation policies in reducing substance use. Using longitudinal data of alcohol prices and excise ... ...

    Abstract Tax pass-through rates to prices measure how much prices increase when taxes are increased by one unit, which will in turn determine the effectiveness of taxation policies in reducing substance use. Using longitudinal data of alcohol prices and excise taxes from 27 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries from 2003 to 2016, we estimate the tax pass-through rates to prices for a variety of alcoholic beverages-beer (1.24; 95% CIs: [0.67, 1.81]), wine (2.4; 95% CIs: [1.7, 3.11]), Cognac (1.71; 95% CIs: [1.07, 2.35]), Gin (0.85; 95% CIs: [0.34, 1.35]), Scotch whisky (1.14; 95% CIs: [0.52, 1.75]), and Liqueur Cointreau (1.98; 95% CIs: [1.21, 2.76]). While excise taxes on wine, Cognac, and Liqueur Cointreau are over-shifted to prices, taxes on Gin are exact- or under-shifted. Excise taxes on beer and Scotch whisky are likely over-shifted to prices, but the tax pass-through rates for these beverages are not significantly different from 1 and we cannot completely rule out exact pass-through of taxes to prices. The tax pass-through to prices for most beverage types is also higher for higher-priced products. Dynamic model further shows a lagged impact of wine and beer taxes on prices, indicating pricing strategies that may target lower-priced beer and wine.
    MeSH term(s) Alcohol Drinking/economics ; Alcohol Drinking/prevention & control ; Alcoholic Beverages/economics ; Alcoholic Beverages/statistics & numerical data ; Commerce/economics ; Commerce/statistics & numerical data ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Humans ; Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development ; Public Policy/economics ; Taxes/economics ; Taxes/statistics & numerical data
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-31
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2045253-6
    ISSN 1618-7601 ; 1618-7598
    ISSN (online) 1618-7601
    ISSN 1618-7598
    DOI 10.1007/s10198-020-01177-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article ; Online: Penile fractures: the price of a merry Christmas.

    Pyrgidis, Nikolaos / Chaloupka, Michael / Volz, Yannic / Pfitzinger, Paulo / Apfelbeck, Maria / Weinhold, Philipp / Stief, Christian / Marcon, Julian / Schulz, Gerald Bastian

    BJU international

    2023  Volume 132, Issue 6, Page(s) 651–655

    Abstract: Objectives: To explore whether Christmas might be a risk factor for penile fractures due to the Christmas spirit related to the intimacy and euphoria of these holly jolly days.: Patients and methods: We evaluated the incidence of penile fractures ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: To explore whether Christmas might be a risk factor for penile fractures due to the Christmas spirit related to the intimacy and euphoria of these holly jolly days.
    Patients and methods: We evaluated the incidence of penile fractures during Christmas and New Year's Eve through the GeRmAn Nationwide inpatient Data (GRAND) from the Research Data Center of the Federal Bureau of Statistics (Wiesbaden, Germany). Furthermore, we assessed the impact of COVID-19 on penile fractures and their seasonality.
    Results: A total of 3,421 patients with a median, interquartile range (IQR) age of 42 (32-51) years had a penile fracture requiring a hospital stay from 2005 to 2021. In all, 40 (1.2%) penile fractures occurred in 51 days of Christmas (from 24/12 to 26/12 in each year). The daily incidence of penile fractures during Christmas was 0.78 with an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 1.43 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.95, P = 0.02). If every day was like Christmas, 43% more penile fractures would have occurred in Germany from 2005 on. Interestingly, only 28 (0.82%) penile fractures occurred during the New Year's Eve period (31/12 to 02/01 from 2005 to 2021). This resulted in an IRR of 0.98 (95% CI 0.69-1.5, P = 0.98) in the New Year's Eve period. Most patients with penile fractures were admitted to hospital at the weekend (n = 1,322; IRR 1.58, 95% CI 1.48-1.69; P < 0.001). Summer was also associated with more penile fractures (n = 929; IRR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03-1.19; P = 0.008). Both the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 385; IRR 1.06, 95% CI 0.95-1.18, P = 0.29) and its lockdown period (n = 93; IRR 1, 95% CI 0.82-1.23; P = 0.96) did not affect the incidence of penile fractures.
    Conclusion: The incidence of penile fractures displays a seasonality. Last Christmas penile fractures occurred more often. This year to save us from tears, we will NOT do something special (the new Christmas hit of the year).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Risk Factors ; Incidence ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1462191-5
    ISSN 1464-410X ; 1464-4096 ; 1358-8672
    ISSN (online) 1464-410X
    ISSN 1464-4096 ; 1358-8672
    DOI 10.1111/bju.16216
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article ; Online: The Trend of Voluntary Warnings in Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Magazine Advertisements.

    Shang, Ce / Chaloupka, Frank J

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2017  Volume 14, Issue 1

    Abstract: Some manufacturers of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) voluntarily carried health warnings in their advertisements. This study examined these voluntary warnings in magazine ads and plotted their trends between 2012 and early 2015. ENDS ... ...

    Abstract Some manufacturers of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) voluntarily carried health warnings in their advertisements. This study examined these voluntary warnings in magazine ads and plotted their trends between 2012 and early 2015. ENDS magazine ads were obtained through Kantar media and warnings were collected from the Chicago Public Library or the Trinkets and Trash surveillance system. The prevalence of voluntary warnings, warnings with the specific capitalized word "WARNING", and MarkTen warnings were examined after being weighted using factors related to exposure between January 2012 and March 2015. Five brands (MarkTen, NJOY, MISTIC, and some Blu) carried warnings during the study period. The prevalence of warnings post 2012 that contained a description of nicotine did not significantly increase until the launch of MarkTen, which also happened several months before April 2014 when the U.S. food and drug administration (FDA) published its proposed deeming rule. In addition, none of these warnings met the criteria required by the FDA in the final rules. Voluntary warnings, particularly MarkTen warnings, significantly increased in ENDS magazine ads between 2014 and 2015. It is important to monitor how ENDS manufacturers will comply with the FDA regulation related to warnings and how this regulation will ultimately impact ENDS risk perceptions and use.
    MeSH term(s) Advertising as Topic/trends ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Nicotine/administration & dosage ; Periodicals as Topic/trends ; Tobacco Use Disorder/prevention & control ; United States
    Chemical Substances Nicotine (6M3C89ZY6R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1660-4601
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph14010062
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article ; Online: Tobacco Industry Claims About Transformation are Inconsistent With Combustible Cigarette Innovations: The Case of Flavor Capsule Cigarettes.

    Moodie, Crawford / Thrasher, James F / Barnoya, Joaquin / Mejia, Raul / Barrientos-Gutierrez, Inti / Zavaleta, Alfonso / Chaloupka, Frank

    Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

    2023  Volume 25, Issue 12, Page(s) 1891–1895

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Tobacco Industry ; Tobacco Products ; Nicotine ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Vaping
    Chemical Substances Nicotine (6M3C89ZY6R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1452315-2
    ISSN 1469-994X ; 1462-2203
    ISSN (online) 1469-994X
    ISSN 1462-2203
    DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntac224
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  7. Article ; Online: Perioperative Outcomes of Same-Session Bilateral

    Pyrgidis, Nikolaos / Chaloupka, Michael / Ebner, Benedikt / Stief, Christian / Weinhold, Philipp / Marcon, Julian / Schulz, Gerald Bastian

    Journal of endourology

    2023  Volume 38, Issue 2, Page(s) 129–135

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Ureteroscopy/adverse effects ; Ureteroscopy/methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Tract Infections/complications ; Kidney Diseases ; Sepsis/etiology ; Myocardial Infarction
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 356931-7
    ISSN 1557-900X ; 0892-7790
    ISSN (online) 1557-900X
    ISSN 0892-7790
    DOI 10.1089/end.2023.0563
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  8. Article ; Online: The Composition and Magnitude of Alcohol Taxes in States: Do They Cover Alcohol-Related Costs?

    Blanchette, Jason G / Chaloupka, Frank J / Naimi, Timothy S

    Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs

    2019  Volume 80, Issue 4, Page(s) 408–414

    Abstract: ... for wine and distilled spirits were restricted to the 32 license states and Washington, D.C., with fully ... revenue in the 32 license states and Washington, D.C. The median total alcohol tax per drink (based ...

    Abstract Objective: At least one type of tax is applied to the sale of alcoholic beverages in all U.S. states. The purpose of this study was to characterize the composition and magnitude of alcohol taxes in states and to assess the relationship between total alcohol taxes (federal plus state) and the cost of excessive drinking.
    Method: The amount of tax (in dollars per standard drink) by state was estimated from data on state ad valorem excise, specific excise, and sales taxes in 2010 obtained from the Alcohol Policy Information System and Tax Foundation. These taxes were summed, and specific excise taxes were assessed as a proportion of total state taxes. Tax data on beer were analyzed for all 50 states. Tax data for wine and distilled spirits were restricted to the 32 license states and Washington, D.C., with fully privatized distribution systems. Total alcohol taxes for the 32 license states were compared on a per-drink basis with published state estimates of the cost of excessive drinking in these states in 2010.
    Results: Specific excise taxes accounted for a weighted median of 20.1% of total state alcohol tax revenue in the 32 license states and Washington, D.C. The median total alcohol tax per drink (based on all federal and state taxes) was $0.21, which accounted for 26.7% of the median cost to government and 10.3% of the median total economic cost of excessive drinking.
    Conclusions: Specific excise taxes account for one fifth of state alcohol taxes in the 32 license states; but even considering all tax types, total alcohol taxes account for only one tenth of alcohol-related costs.
    MeSH term(s) Alcohol Drinking/economics ; Alcoholic Beverages/economics ; Beer/economics ; Costs and Cost Analysis/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Taxes/economics ; United States ; Wine/economics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2266450-6
    ISSN 1938-4114 ; 1934-2683 ; 1937-1888 ; 0096-882X
    ISSN (online) 1938-4114 ; 1934-2683
    ISSN 1937-1888 ; 0096-882X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  9. Article ; Online: The association between cigarette affordability and consumption: An update.

    He, Yanyun / Shang, Ce / Chaloupka, Frank J

    PloS one

    2018  Volume 13, Issue 12, Page(s) e0200665

    Abstract: Objectives: This study calculates cigarette affordability for 78 countries worldwide from 2001 to 2014 using the Relative Income Price (RIP) ratio defined as the percentage of per capita GDP required to purchase 100 packs of cigarettes using the lowest ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: This study calculates cigarette affordability for 78 countries worldwide from 2001 to 2014 using the Relative Income Price (RIP) ratio defined as the percentage of per capita GDP required to purchase 100 packs of cigarettes using the lowest price from Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) database, examine the association between cigarette affordability and cigarette consumption, and calculate the affordability elasticity of demand.
    Design and methods: RIP (2001-2014) was calculated for 16 low-income economies, 19 lower middle-income economies, 13 upper middle-income economies, and 30 high-income economies. Ordinary least square regressions were used to analyze the association between cigarette affordability and consumption.
    Results: Per capita consumption continued to rise in low-income countries and decreased slightly in lower middle-income countries as the RIP of cigarette consistently declined in low- and lower middle-income economies from 2001 to 2014. The real cigarette prices continued to decline in low- and lower middle-income countries and continued to rise in upper middle- and high-income countries. Though cigarettes were more expensive in HICs than were in LMICs, cigarettes were more affordable in HICs than were in LMICs. The regression results show a 10% increase in the RIP of cigarettes led to a 2% decrease in per capita consumption. The affordability elasticity of demand differed significantly between HICs and LMICs. However, the effect of cigarette affordability on consumption has not changed over time.
    Conclusions: To control the smoking epidemic, low- and lower middle-income countries should further increase cigarette prices. The rate of price increase should exceed the rate of economic growth and outpace the inflation rate to make cigarettes less affordable and thereby reducing tobacco use.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Economic ; Smoking/economics ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Smoking Prevention/economics ; Tobacco Products/economics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0200665
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  10. Article ; Online: The association between excise tax structures and the price variability of alcoholic beverages in the United States.

    Shang, Ce / Wang, Xuening / Chaloupka, Frank J

    PloS one

    2018  Volume 13, Issue 12, Page(s) e0208509

    Abstract: Recent tobacco taxation research suggests that excise tax structure plays an important role in the effectiveness of increasing taxes in reducing consumption. However, evidence on excise tax structures of alcoholic beverages is scarce. We linked price ... ...

    Abstract Recent tobacco taxation research suggests that excise tax structure plays an important role in the effectiveness of increasing taxes in reducing consumption. However, evidence on excise tax structures of alcoholic beverages is scarce. We linked price variability measures for beer, wine, and liquor in the US derived using Economist Intelligence Unit city data from 2003 to 2016 with state-level excise tax structures from the Alcohol Policy Information System. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions were performed to assess the associations between excise tax structures and price variability, for beer, wine, and liquor (spirits), respectively. Results suggest that, compared with a specific excise beer tax structure based on volumes, a mixed structure with both specific and ad valorem components was associated with 38% (p≤0.01) greater beer price variability. In addition, a mixed excise tax structure for liquor was associated with 60-77% (p≤0.01) greater liquor price variability. However, these associations do not imply a causal link between tax structures and price variability. In summary, a mixed excise tax structure is associated with greater variability in beer and liquor prices, an indicator for tax avoidance opportunities. Future research is needed to identify the causal impact of tax structures on price variability.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Alcoholic Beverages/economics ; Alcoholic Beverages/statistics & numerical data ; Cities/economics ; Cities/epidemiology ; Commerce ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Family ; Health Policy/economics ; Humans ; Income/statistics & numerical data ; Taxes/economics ; Taxes/statistics & numerical data ; United States/epidemiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0208509
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

To top