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Article: Association between physical activity levels and healing in people with venous leg ulcers: secondary analysis of prospective cohort data.

Qiu, Yunjing / Osadnik, Christian R / Brusco, Natasha K / Sussman, Geoffrey / Reeves, Judy / Gleghorn, Leanne / Weller, Carolina D / Team, Victoria

Frontiers in medicine

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1305594

Abstract: Aim: To explore the relationship between physical activity levels and wound healing and recurrence in people with venous leg ulcers.: Methods: Questionnaires and medical records were used to collect data, with responses used to group participants ... ...

Abstract	Aim: To explore the relationship between physical activity levels and wound healing and recurrence in people with venous leg ulcers. Methods: Questionnaires and medical records were used to collect data, with responses used to group participants into different physical activity groups. The differences in healing and recurrence outcomes of ulcers among different physical activity groups were compared using Chi-square, Kaplan Meier survival analysis, Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, and Kruskal-Wallis test. To measure the strength of the association between physical activity levels and patient outcomes, Spearman's Rho tests were used. We used descriptive analysis to examine how physical activity levels change over 24 weeks. Results: Participants were classified into four distinct groups based on physical activity levels reported at baseline and week 12. The survival analysis showed higher physical activity level was associated with a shorter time to healing (log-rank test = 14.78, Conclusion: An increased level of physical activity was linked to a shorter healing time and enhanced quality of life. Low levels of physical activity appeared common among people with venous leg ulcers.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2023.1305594
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Association between physical activity levels and healing in people with venous leg ulcers

Yunjing Qiu / Christian R. Osadnik / Natasha K. Brusco / Geoffrey Sussman / Judy Reeves / Leanne Gleghorn / Carolina D. Weller / Victoria Team

Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

secondary analysis of prospective cohort data

2023 Volume 10

Abstract: AimTo explore the relationship between physical activity levels and wound healing and recurrence in people with venous leg ulcers.MethodsQuestionnaires and medical records were used to collect data, with responses used to group participants into ... ...

Abstract	AimTo explore the relationship between physical activity levels and wound healing and recurrence in people with venous leg ulcers.MethodsQuestionnaires and medical records were used to collect data, with responses used to group participants into different physical activity groups. The differences in healing and recurrence outcomes of ulcers among different physical activity groups were compared using Chi-square, Kaplan Meier survival analysis, Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, and Kruskal-Wallis test. To measure the strength of the association between physical activity levels and patient outcomes, Spearman’s Rho tests were used. We used descriptive analysis to examine how physical activity levels change over 24 weeks.ResultsParticipants were classified into four distinct groups based on physical activity levels reported at baseline and week 12. The survival analysis showed higher physical activity level was associated with a shorter time to healing (log-rank test = 14.78, df = 3; p = 0.002). The persistently moderate-to-vigorous group had a 7.3-fold increased likelihood of healing compared to the persistently sedentary group. High levels of physical activity were also associated with a better quality of life score at baseline (ρ = 0.41, p < 0.000), week 12 (ρ = 0.36, p < 0.001), and week 24 (ρ = 0.49, p < 0.000). Most participants (48.5%) reported low levels of physical activity, which remained low for the entire study period.ConclusionAn increased level of physical activity was linked to a shorter healing time and enhanced quality of life. Low levels of physical activity appeared common among people with venous leg ulcers.
Keywords	adjuvant treatment ; healing ; recurrence ; physical activity level ; varicose ulcer ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online ; Thesis: Understanding the dynamics of the near-earth space environment utilizing long-term satellite observations

Smirnov, Artem [Verfasser] / Shprits, Yuri Akademischer Betreuer] / [Reeves, Geoffrey D. [Akademischer Betreuer] / Merkin, Viacheslav Gutachter] / [Stolle, Claudia [Gutachter] / Wickert, Jens Gutachter] / [Braun, Jean [Gutachter] / Sobolev, Stephan [Gutachter] / Santer, Svetlana [Gutachter] / Cotton, Fabrice [Gutachter] / Brune, Sascha [Gutachter] / Kronberg, Elena A. [Gutachter]

2023

Author's details	Artem Smirnov ; Gutachter: Viacheslav Merkin, Claudia Stolle, Jens Wickert, Jean Braun, Stephan Sobolev, Svetlana Santer, Fabrice Pierre Cotton, Sascha Brune, Elena A. Kronberg ; Yuri Shprits, Geoffrey D. Reeves
Keywords	Naturwissenschaften ; Science
Subject code	sg500
Language	English
Publisher	Universität Potsdam
Publishing place	Potsdam
Document type	Book ; Online ; Thesis
Database	Digital theses on the web

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Article ; Online: Does a youth intern programme strengthen HIV service delivery in South Africa? An interrupted time-series analysis.

Tollefson, Deanna / Dasgupta, Sayan / Setswe, Geoffrey / Reeves, Sarah / Churchyard, Gavin / Charalambous, Salome / Duerr, Ann

Journal of the International AIDS Society

2023 Volume 26, Issue 4, Page(s) e26083

Abstract: Introduction: Since 2018, Youth Health Africa (YHA) has placed unemployed young adults at health facilities across South Africa in 1-year non-clinical internships to support HIV services. While YHA is primarily designed to improve employment prospects ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Since 2018, Youth Health Africa (YHA) has placed unemployed young adults at health facilities across South Africa in 1-year non-clinical internships to support HIV services. While YHA is primarily designed to improve employment prospects for youth, it also strives to strengthen the health system. Hundreds of YHA interns have been placed in programme (e.g. HIV testing and counselling) or administrative (e.g. data and filing) roles, but their impact on HIV service delivery has not been evaluated. Methods: Using routinely collected data from October 2017 to March 2020, we conducted an interrupted time-series analysis to explore the impact of YHA on HIV testing, treatment initiation and retention in care. We analysed data from facilities in Gauteng and North West where interns were placed between November 2018 and October 2019. We used linear regression, accounting for facility-level clustering and time correlation, to compare trends before and after interns were placed for seven HIV service indicators covering HIV testing, treatment initiation and retention in care. Outcomes were measured monthly at each facility. Time was measured as months since the first interns were placed at each facility. We conducted three secondary analyses per indicator, stratified by intern role, number of interns and region. Results: Based on 207 facilities hosting 604 interns, YHA interns at facilities were associated with significant improvements in monthly trends for numbers of people tested for HIV, newly initiated on treatment and retained in care (i.e. loss to follow-up, tested for viral load [VL] and virally suppressed). We found no difference in trends for the number of people newly diagnosed with HIV or the number initiating treatment within 14 days of diagnosis. Changes in HIV testing, overall treatment initiation and VL testing/suppression were most pronounced where there were programme interns and a higher number of interns; change in loss to follow-up was greatest where there were administrative interns. Conclusions: Placing interns in facilities to support non-clinical tasks may improve HIV service delivery by contributing to improved HIV testing, treatment initiation and retention in care. Using youth interns as lay health workers may be an impactful strategy to strengthen the HIV response while supporting youth employment.
MeSH term(s)	Young Adult ; Humans ; Adolescent ; South Africa/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Counseling ; Interrupted Time Series Analysis ; Viral Load
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2467110-1
ISSN	1758-2652 ; 1758-2652
ISSN (online)	1758-2652
ISSN	1758-2652
DOI	10.1002/jia2.26083
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Impact of youth lay health workers on HIV service delivery in South Africa: A pragmatic cluster randomized trial of the Youth Health Africa program.

Tollefson, Deanna / Dasgupta, Sayan / Setswe, Geoffrey / Reeves, Sarah / Charalambous, Salome / Duerr, Ann

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 11, Page(s) e0294719

Abstract: Background: Innovative approaches are needed to increase lay health workers in HIV programs. The Youth Health Africa (YHA) program is a novel approach that places young adults seeking work experience in one-year internships in health facilities to ... ...

Abstract	Background: Innovative approaches are needed to increase lay health workers in HIV programs. The Youth Health Africa (YHA) program is a novel approach that places young adults seeking work experience in one-year internships in health facilities to support HIV-related programming (e.g., HIV testing) or administration (e.g., filing). Methods: We implemented a pragmatic, randomized trial among 20 facilities in Ngaka Modiri Molema district in North West province from October 2020-August 2021 to assess impact of YHA interns on HIV testing, treatment initiation, and retention in care. The primary outcome was proportion of patients tested for HIV. Secondary outcomes assessed HIV positivity, initiation in care, retention in care, and HIV testing among males and adolescents/young adults. We conducted an intention-to-treat analysis accounting for variations in baseline outcomes between control and intervention facilities using difference-in-difference and controlled time series approaches. We repeated this using as-treated groupings for sensitivity analyses. Results: Fifty interns were placed in 20 facilities; thirty-four interns remained at 18 facilities through August 2021. Compared to control facilities, intervention facilities had a greater improvement in HIV testing (ΔΔ+5.7%, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): -3.7%-15.1%) and treatment initiation (ΔΔ+10.3%, 95% CI: -27.8-48.5%), but these differences were not statistically significant. There was an immediate increase in HIV testing in intervention facilities after program interns were placed, which was not observed in control facilities; this difference was significant (ΔΔ+8.4%, 95% CI: 0.5-16.4%, p = 0.036). There were no other differences in outcomes observed between intervention and control facilities. Conclusion: This was largely a null trial, but there were signals that program interns may have positive impact on HIV testing and treatment initiation. As implemented in this study, addition of YHA program interns had little impact on facility-based HIV service delivery. A higher number of interns placed per facility may be necessary to affect HIV services. Trial registration: Registration: This trial was registered with the ISRCTN (Registration number: ISRCTN67031403) in October 2022.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Health Facilities ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; South Africa/epidemiology ; Time Factors ; Female
Chemical Substances	Anti-HIV Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Pragmatic Clinical Trial ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0294719
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Psychological affordances help explain where a self-transcendent purpose intervention improves performance.

Reeves, Stephanie L / Henderson, Marlone D / Cohen, Geoffrey L / Steingut, Rebecca R / Hirschi, Quinn / Yeager, David S

Journal of personality and social psychology

2020 Volume 120, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–15

Abstract: Lay theory interventions instill situation-general ways of thinking, often using short reading and writing exercises, and they have led to lasting changes in behavior and performance in a wide variety of policy domains. Do they work in all contexts? We ... ...

Abstract	Lay theory interventions instill situation-general ways of thinking, often using short reading and writing exercises, and they have led to lasting changes in behavior and performance in a wide variety of policy domains. Do they work in all contexts? We suggest that lay theory intervention effects depend on
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Humans ; Learning ; Male ; Psychological Theory ; Reading ; Schools ; Students ; United States ; Writing
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3103-3
ISSN	1939-1315 ; 0022-3514
ISSN (online)	1939-1315
ISSN	0022-3514
DOI	10.1037/pspa0000246
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Article: HCV Activates Somatic L1 Retrotransposition-A Potential Hepatocarcinogenesis Pathway.

Sudhindar, Praveen D / Wainwright, Daniel / Saha, Santu / Howarth, Rachel / McCain, Misti / Bury, Yvonne / Saha, Sweta S / McPherson, Stuart / Reeves, Helen / Patel, Arvind H / Faulkner, Geoffrey J / Lunec, John / Shukla, Ruchi

Cancers

2021 Volume 13, Issue 20

Abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a common cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The activation and mutagenic consequences of L1 retrotransposons in virus-associated-HCC have been documented. However, the direct influence of HCV upon L1 elements is unclear, ... ...

Abstract	Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a common cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The activation and mutagenic consequences of L1 retrotransposons in virus-associated-HCC have been documented. However, the direct influence of HCV upon L1 elements is unclear, and is the focus of the present study. L1 transcript expression was evaluated in a publicly available liver tissue RNA-seq dataset from patients with chronic HCV hepatitis (CHC), as well as healthy controls. L1 transcript expression was significantly higher in CHC than in controls. L1orf1p (a L1 encoded protein) expression was observed in six out of 11 CHC livers by immunohistochemistry. To evaluate the influence of HCV on retrotransposition efficiency, in vitro engineered-L1 retrotransposition assays were employed in Huh7 cells in the presence and absence of an HCV replicon. An increased retrotransposition rate was observed in the presence of replicating HCV RNA, and persisted in cells after viral clearance due to sofosbuvir (PSI7977) treatment. Increased retrotransposition could be due to dysregulation of the DNA-damage repair response, including homologous recombination, due to HCV infection. Altogether these data suggest that L1 expression can be activated before oncogenic transformation in CHC patients, with HCV-upregulated retrotransposition potentially contributing to HCC genomic instability and a risk of transformation that persists post-viral clearance.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers13205079
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Article ; Online: "They are gaining experience; we are gaining extra hands": a mixed methods study to assess healthcare worker perceptions of a novel strategy to strengthen human resources for HIV in South Africa.

Tollefson, Deanna / Ntombela, Nasiphi / Reeves, Sarah / Charalambous, Salome / O'Malley, Gabrielle / Setswe, Geoffrey / Duerr, Ann

BMC health services research

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 27

Abstract: Background: Lay health workers (LHWs) can support the HIV response by bridging gaps in human resources for health. Innovative strategies are needed to expand LHW programs in many low- and middle-income countries. Youth Health Africa (YHA) is a novel LHW ...

Abstract	Background: Lay health workers (LHWs) can support the HIV response by bridging gaps in human resources for health. Innovative strategies are needed to expand LHW programs in many low- and middle-income countries. Youth Health Africa (YHA) is a novel LHW approach implemented in South Africa that places young adults needing work experience in one-year non-clinical internships at health facilities to support HIV programs (e.g., as HIV testers, data clerks). While research suggests YHA can increase HIV service delivery, we need to understand healthcare worker perceptions to know if this is an acceptable and appropriate approach to strengthen human resources for health and healthcare delivery. Methods: We conducted a convergent mixed methods study to assess healthcare worker acceptance and perceived appropriateness of YHA as implemented in Gauteng and North West provinces, South Africa and identify issues promoting or hindering high acceptability and perceived appropriateness. To do this, we adapted the Johns Hopkins Measure of Acceptability and Appropriateness to survey healthcare workers who supervised interns, which we analyzed descriptively. In parallel, we interviewed frontline healthcare workers who worked alongside YHA interns and conducted an inductive, thematic analysis. We merged quantitative and qualitative results using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability to understand what promotes or hinders high acceptance and appropriateness of YHA. Results: Sixty intern supervisors responded to the survey (91% response rate), reporting an average score of 3.5 for acceptability and 3.6 for appropriateness, on a four-point scale. Almost all 33 frontline healthcare workers interviewed reported the program to be highly acceptable and appropriate. Perceptions that YHA was mutually beneficial, easy to integrate into facilities, and helped facilities be more successful promoted a strong sense of acceptability/appropriateness amongst healthcare workers, but this was tempered by the burden of training interns and limited program communication. Overall, healthcare workers were drawn to the altruistic nature of YHA. Conclusion: Healthcare workers in South Africa believed YHA was an acceptable and appropriate LHW program to support HIV service delivery because its benefits outweighed its costs. This may be an effective, innovative approach to strengthen human resources for HIV services and the broader health sector.
MeSH term(s)	Young Adult ; Humans ; Adolescent ; South Africa ; Delivery of Health Care ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Workforce ; Health Personnel
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050434-2
ISSN	1472-6963 ; 1472-6963
ISSN (online)	1472-6963
ISSN	1472-6963
DOI	10.1186/s12913-022-09020-z
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Very-Low-Frequency transmitters bifurcate energetic electron belt in near-earth space.

Hua, Man / Li, Wen / Ni, Binbin / Ma, Qianli / Green, Alex / Shen, Xiaochen / Claudepierre, Seth G / Bortnik, Jacob / Gu, Xudong / Fu, Song / Xiang, Zheng / Reeves, Geoffrey D

Nature communications

2020 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 4847

Abstract: Very-Low-Frequency (VLF) transmitters operate worldwide mostly at frequencies of 10-30 kilohertz for submarine communications. While it has been of intense scientific interest and practical importance to understand whether VLF transmitters can affect the ...

Abstract	Very-Low-Frequency (VLF) transmitters operate worldwide mostly at frequencies of 10-30 kilohertz for submarine communications. While it has been of intense scientific interest and practical importance to understand whether VLF transmitters can affect the natural environment of charged energetic particles, for decades there remained little direct observational evidence that revealed the effects of these VLF transmitters in geospace. Here we report a radially bifurcated electron belt formation at energies of tens of kiloelectron volts (keV) at altitudes of ~0.8-1.5 Earth radii on timescales over 10 days. Using Fokker-Planck diffusion simulations, we provide quantitative evidence that VLF transmitter emissions that leak from the Earth-ionosphere waveguide are primarily responsible for bifurcating the energetic electron belt, which typically exhibits a single-peak radial structure in near-Earth space. Since energetic electrons pose a potential danger to satellite operations, our findings demonstrate the feasibility of mitigation of natural particle radiation environment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-020-18545-y
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Article ; Online: Very-Low-Frequency transmitters bifurcate energetic electron belt in near-earth space

Man Hua / Wen Li / Binbin Ni / Qianli Ma / Alex Green / Xiaochen Shen / Seth G. Claudepierre / Jacob Bortnik / Xudong Gu / Song Fu / Zheng Xiang / Geoffrey D. Reeves

Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2020 Volume 9

Abstract: Very-Low-Frequency (VLF) communication transmitters, operate worldwide, radiate emissions at particular frequencies 10-30 kHz. Here, the authors show VLF transmitter emissions that leak from the Earth’s ground are primarily responsible for bifurcating ... ...

Abstract	Very-Low-Frequency (VLF) communication transmitters, operate worldwide, radiate emissions at particular frequencies 10-30 kHz. Here, the authors show VLF transmitter emissions that leak from the Earth’s ground are primarily responsible for bifurcating the energetic electron belt over 20–100 keV.
Keywords	Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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