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Article ; Online: Advocating afforestation, betting on BECCS: land-based negative emissions technologies (NETs) and agrarian livelihoods in the global South

McElwee, Pamela

The Journal of Peasant Studies. 2023 Jan. 02, v. 50, no. 1 p.185-214

2023

Abstract: Negative emissions technologies (NETs) for carbon dioxide removal (CDR) are increasingly important responses to achieve global climate change targets, but to date, there has been insufficient attention to land-based NETs (including afforestation, biochar, ...

Abstract	Negative emissions technologies (NETs) for carbon dioxide removal (CDR) are increasingly important responses to achieve global climate change targets, but to date, there has been insufficient attention to land-based NETs (including afforestation, biochar, and other measures) as an agrarian challenge for the global South. This paper explores the implications of different NETs for land, labor, capital, and politics in rural spaces and contributes to articulating agrarian climate justice by demonstrating the potentially unjust implications of many NETs. The paper concludes with how these measures might be designed to be less negative for rural peoples in future implementation.
Keywords	afforestation ; biochar ; capital ; carbon dioxide ; climate ; climate change ; labor ; peasantry ; politics ; Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) ; geoengineering ; bioenergy ; climate mitigation ; carbon markets ; forestry
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0102
Size	p. 185-214.
Publishing place	Routledge
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	1743-9361
DOI	10.1080/03066150.2022.2117032
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: The role of soils in learning and inspiration, physical and psychological experiences, and in supporting identities.

McElwee, Pamela

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences

2021 Volume 376, Issue 1834, Page(s) 20200184

Abstract: This paper reviews the literature on soil and nature's contributions to people (NCP) around learning and inspiration, physical and psychological experiences, and supporting identities, revealing a range of relationships to imagining, understanding and ... ...

Abstract	This paper reviews the literature on soil and nature's contributions to people (NCP) around learning and inspiration, physical and psychological experiences, and supporting identities, revealing a range of relationships to imagining, understanding and experiencing soil. Often labelled elsewhere as 'cultural ecosystem services', these NCP provide a range of benefits that are mostly non-material, non-consumptive and intangible. The review finds that NCP framings help to highlight how soils have contributed to inspiring learning and creative works, like art; to mental and physical health benefits, such as through recreation and gardening; and to cultural identities and practices, including religious practices and efforts for social justice. Overall, soils have played a large role in human creative endeavours, are the root of significant relationships to the environment and can be conceptualized through key metaphors, ideas and theory as a bridge linking culture and nature together. Yet despite the wide-ranging contributions of soils to these NCP, the literature remains uneven and much more remains to be understood, including how relational values of care and stewardship with soils can be fostered and how attention to the co-produced 'biosocial' nature of soil can help improve practices for soil health. This article is part of the theme issue 'The role of soils in delivering Nature's Contributions to People'.
MeSH term(s)	Art ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Cultural Characteristics ; Environment ; Gardening ; Humans ; Recreation/psychology ; Religion ; Social Justice ; Soil
Chemical Substances	Soil
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	208382-6
ISSN	1471-2970 ; 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
ISSN (online)	1471-2970
ISSN	0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
DOI	10.1098/rstb.2020.0184
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Article: The Politics of Indigenous Environmental Knowledge in Vietnam

McElwee, Pamela

Human ecology. 2022 Apr., v. 50, no. 2

2022

Abstract: Studies of Indigenous environmental knowledge (IEK) provide valuable information helpful for resource management, yet there remain gaps for many countries. This paper reviews the literature on IEK in Vietnam across key areas, including ethnobiological ... ...

Abstract	Studies of Indigenous environmental knowledge (IEK) provide valuable information helpful for resource management, yet there remain gaps for many countries. This paper reviews the literature on IEK in Vietnam across key areas, including ethnobiological studies, customary law, applied agricultural research, and management of natural resources for a range of Indigenous communities. Despite increasing attention by researchers, and a growing body of evidence on IEK, there remain considerable gaps in content in Vietnam compared with global IEK literature, and the paper suggests a framework for assessing these differences. Overall, the review suggests that there is little integration of IEK into policy, scientific assessments, or management in Vietnam due to numerous barriers to IEK in both research and policy, ranging from methodological limitations to political sensitivities. The article concludes with suggestions to improve engagement with and application of IEK in the future in Vietnam and elsewhere.
Keywords	agricultural research ; environmental knowledge ; human ecology ; issues and policy ; politics ; resource management ; Vietnam
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-04
Size	p. 241-258.
Publishing place	Springer US
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	216107-2
ISSN	0300-7839
ISSN	0300-7839
DOI	10.1007/s10745-021-00303-3
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Book ; Online: Gender and Sustainability

Cruz-Torres, María Luz / McElwee, Pamela

Lessons from Asia and Latin America

2012

Keywords	Society & culture: general ; Gender studies, gender groups ; Social & cultural anthropology, ethnography ; Social Science ; Gender Studies ; Anthropology ; Cultural & Social
Language	0\|e
Size	1 Online-Ressource
Publisher	University of Arizona Press
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	English ; Open Access
HBZ-ID	HT021611588
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: Patriotism, place, and provisioning

Pamela McElwee / Hương Vũ / Giang Võ / Dianne Lê

Ecology and Society, Vol 27, Iss 1, p

assessing cultural ecosystem services through longitudinal and historical studies in Vietnam

2022 Volume 3

Abstract: Cultural ecosystem services (CES) provide multiple benefits to people, including experiences, identities, and capabilities through both material and non-material means. There have been few studies of CES in Vietnam, despite a number of historical, ... ...

Abstract	Cultural ecosystem services (CES) provide multiple benefits to people, including experiences, identities, and capabilities through both material and non-material means. There have been few studies of CES in Vietnam, despite a number of historical, religious, cultural, and customary traditions that have long influenced landscape values and management. We aim to identify a range of CES important to respondents in a study site in north-central Vietnam by providing a unique longitudinal view. Over a two-decade period, different ecosystem benefits have been obtained by local households, some of which have been influenced by cultural factors or could be considered CES. These have included material ecosystem services, including agricultural production, local medicinal plants, and culturally relevant craft materials. There are also non-material CES of interest, including those related to sense of place and national identities, spiritual and religious practices, and recreational and aesthetic benefits. However, over time there has been diminishing importance of some material resources as landscapes have changed from a mix of agricultural lands and natural forests to plantation forestry, and social impacts have resulted from increased labor migration, which has diminished sense of place among younger generations. Assessing these changes allows us to explore how CES are not static or pre-given but shift over time and within different contexts.
Keywords	asia ; cultural ecosystem services ; identity ; rural development ; sense of place ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Resilience Alliance
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Transformative conservation of ecosystems

Dorian Fougères / Mike Jones / Pamela D. McElwee / Angela Andrade / Stephen R. Edwards

Global Sustainability, Vol

2022 Volume 5

Abstract: Non-technical summary Many conservation initiatives call for ‘transformative change’ to counter biodiversity loss, climate change, and injustice. The term connotes fundamental, broad, and durable changes to human relationships with nature. However, if ... ...

Abstract	Non-technical summary Many conservation initiatives call for ‘transformative change’ to counter biodiversity loss, climate change, and injustice. The term connotes fundamental, broad, and durable changes to human relationships with nature. However, if oversimplified or overcomplicated, or not focused enough on power and the political action necessary for change, associated initiatives can perpetuate or exacerbate existing crises. This article aims to help practitioners deliberately catalyze and steer transformation processes. It provides a theoretically and practically grounded definition of ‘transformative conservation’, along with six strategic, interlocking recommendations. These cover systems pedagogy, political mobilization, inner transformation, as well as planning, action, and continual adjustment. Technical summary Calls for ‘transformative change’ point to the fundamental reorganization necessary for global conservation initiatives to stem ecological catastrophe. However, the concept risks being oversimplified or overcomplicated, and focusing too little on power and the political action necessary for change. Accordingly, its intersection with contemporary biodiversity and climate change mitigation initiatives needs explicit deliberation and clarification. This article advances the praxis of ‘transformative conservation’ as both (1) a desired process that rethinks the relationships between individuals, society, and nature, and restructures systems accordingly, and (2) a desired outcome that conserves biodiversity while justly transitioning to net zero emission economies and securing the sustainable and regenerative use of natural resources. It first reviews criticisms of area-based conservation targets, natural climate solutions, and nature-based solutions that are framed as transformative, including issues of ecological integrity, livelihoods, gender, equity, growth, power, participation, knowledge, and governance. It then substantiates six strategic recommendations designed to help practitioners ...
Keywords	adaptation and mitigation ; ecology and biodiversity ; planning and design ; policies ; politics ; and governance ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Cambridge University Press
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Gender and payments for environmental services: impacts of participation, benefit-sharing and conservation activities in Viet Nam

McElwee, Pamela / Lê, Huệ Thị Văn / Nghiêm, Tuyến Phương / Vũ, Hương Diệu / Trần, Nghị Hữư

Oryx. 2021 Nov., v. 55, no. 6

2021

Abstract: There has been a rapid expansion in the use of payments for environmental services (PES) as a key conservation finance policy. However, there is insufficient understanding of how gender can affect PES implementation and outcomes. We present results from ... ...

Abstract	There has been a rapid expansion in the use of payments for environmental services (PES) as a key conservation finance policy. However, there is insufficient understanding of how gender can affect PES implementation and outcomes. We present results from a case study in Viet Nam, where a national PES programme has been in place for a decade. Through panel household survey data, focus groups and interviews, we examined how women have been involved in PES policies, what the impacts have been on decision-making by men and women, participation rates and use of PES income over time, and the potential conservation outcomes. Our research confirms that resource use varies between men and women, and changes in access rights can fall disproportionately on women. Participation in PES has been lower for female-headed households and for women within male-headed households, although gradually more equitable participation has evolved within households. Female-headed households reported expending more yearly effort on PES activities despite protecting less land, and also increased their conservation activities over time as they presumably became more familiar with PES. Use of income from PES also showed differences between male and female-led households, with men more likely to spend funds on non-essential goods. Within households, although men initially decided how to spend PES money, decision-making has become more equitable over time. We conclude with some recommendations on how to increase attention to gender in PES projects and future research to improve outcomes.
Keywords	Oryx ; case studies ; decision making ; economic policy ; household surveys ; income ; males ; Vietnam
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-11
Size	p. 844-852.
Publishing place	Cambridge University Press
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	417337-5
ISSN	1365-3008 ; 0030-6053
ISSN (online)	1365-3008
ISSN	0030-6053
DOI	10.1017/S0030605320000733
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Towards richer knowledge partnerships between ecology and ethnoecology.

Molnár, Zsolt / Aumeeruddy-Thomas, Yildiz / Babai, Dániel / Díaz, Sandra / Garnett, Stephen T / Hill, Rosemary / Bates, Peter / Brondízio, Eduardo S / Cariño, Joji / Demeter, László / Fernández-Llamazares, Álvaro / Guèze, Maximilien / McElwee, Pamela / Öllerer, Kinga / Purvis, Andy / Reyes-García, Victoria / Samakov, Aibek / Singh, Ranjay K

Trends in ecology & evolution

2023 Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 109–115

Abstract: Indigenous and traditional practices based on ethnoecological knowledge are fundamental to biodiversity stewardship and sustainable use. Knowledge partnerships between Indigenous Peoples, traditional local communities, and ecologists can produce richer ... ...

Abstract	Indigenous and traditional practices based on ethnoecological knowledge are fundamental to biodiversity stewardship and sustainable use. Knowledge partnerships between Indigenous Peoples, traditional local communities, and ecologists can produce richer and fairer understandings of nature. We identify key topical areas where such collaborations can positively transform science, policy, and practice.
MeSH term(s)	Ecology ; Knowledge ; Biodiversity
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	284965-3
ISSN	1872-8383 ; 0169-5347
ISSN (online)	1872-8383
ISSN	0169-5347
DOI	10.1016/j.tree.2023.10.010
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Article ; Online: Blood Pressure Trends in Patients With Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis Compared With Controls Without Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Boersma, Peter / McElwee, Matthew K / Hashmi, Hiba / Schreiner, Pamela / Demmer, Ryan T / Shmagel, Anna

ACR open rheumatology

2019 Volume 1, Issue 3, Page(s) 173–181

Abstract: Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) conveys an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), making it imperative that traditional CVD risk factors are well controlled. This study compared blood pressure (BP) trends over 13 years among patients with ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) conveys an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), making it imperative that traditional CVD risk factors are well controlled. This study compared blood pressure (BP) trends over 13 years among patients with seropositive RA and patients without RA who received care within a large health care system in Minnesota. Methods: This retrospective cohort study compared 774 patients with seropositive RA and 3254 patients without RA who were matched on sex and year of birth (±5 years) and observed between 2005 and 2017. Generalized estimating equation models were used for longitudinal analyses, with adjustment for demographics, body mass index, smoking status, Charlson Comorbidity Index, number of BP measurements, and number of antihypertensive and oral glucocorticoid medications. Results: Patients both with and without RA had a mean age of 55 and were predominately female (78% with RA; 79% without RA). The mean follow-up was 6.3 (SD 3.4) years for patients with RA and 7.2 (SD 3.3) years for patients without RA. Overall, systolic BP, diastolic BP, and the number of prescribed antihypertensive medications did not differ between groups. Patients with RA were more likely to be current smokers compared with patients without RA (23% vs 11%; Conclusion: BP was similarly controlled in patients with seropositive RA and patients without RA. However, diastolic BP in patients with RA was trending up in most recent years. Patients with RA were also more likely to smoke compared with controls and were less likely to have serum lipid measurements.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2578-5745
ISSN (online)	2578-5745
DOI	10.1002/acr2.1029
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Reforesting "bare hills" in Vietnam: social and environmental consequences of the 5 million hectare reforestation program.

McElwee, Pamela

Ambio

2009 Volume 38, Issue 6, Page(s) 325–333

Abstract: In recent years, forestry has been strongly promoted by the government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam through large-scale projects to rehabilitate and reforest millions of hectares of land. One project to reforest 5 million hectares has received ... ...

Abstract	In recent years, forestry has been strongly promoted by the government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam through large-scale projects to rehabilitate and reforest millions of hectares of land. One project to reforest 5 million hectares has received hundreds of millions of US dollars for implementation. Yet based on a case study in one area of northern Vietnam, this project appears to have had a number of unforeseen consequences. Large areas of land classified as "bare hills" have been targeted for reforestation, despite the fact that these lands already harbor a number of species that were used by local communities. The bare hills were especially economically important to poor households and to women who collected a variety of nontimber forest products there. Because the reforestation project focused most efforts on establishing new plantations rather than supporting natural regeneration, diverse sources of non-timber forest products were being replaced with monocrop exotic tree plantations. A strong inequity in the allocation of private lands for reforestation has characterized the regreening projects to date, and this may have continuing unwelcome social, environmental, and economic impacts into the future, particularly for the poor.
MeSH term(s)	Conservation of Natural Resources ; Data Collection ; Ecology ; Forestry ; Humans ; Ownership ; Poverty ; Private Sector ; Program Evaluation ; Rural Population ; Social Environment ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Trees/growth & development ; Vietnam
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-11-16
Publishing country	Sweden
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	120759-3
ISSN	1654-7209 ; 0044-7447
ISSN (online)	1654-7209
ISSN	0044-7447
DOI	10.1579/08-r-520.1
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