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Article ; Online: The Gospel of Wealth and the National Health: The Rockefeller Foundation and Social Medicine in Britain's NHS, 1945-60.

Seaton, Andrew

2020 Volume 94, Issue 1, Page(s) 91–124

Abstract: This article examines the Rockefeller Foundation's (RF) engagement with the British National Health Service (NHS) between 1945 and 1960. It argues that the organization morally invested in the success of the NHS because, to them, it offered a world- ... ...

Abstract	This article examines the Rockefeller Foundation's (RF) engagement with the British National Health Service (NHS) between 1945 and 1960. It argues that the organization morally invested in the success of the NHS because, to them, it offered a world-inspiring model for how to provide medical care following the tenets of social medicine. The RF administratively and financially supported two health centers, in Edinburgh and Manchester, to help realize these ambitions. While the development of both centers exposed conflicting understandings of social medicine, these facilities later became important examples when British health centers expanded in number after the mid-1960s. The article also considers how the shift toward more communal forms of general practice provoked unease regarding privacy among patients. However, strategies used by medical professionals to offset these anxieties helped facilitate public acceptance of forms of care that aligned with the communitarian values of social democracy. The connections between American private philanthropy and British state planning show how a routine visit to the doctor in Edinburgh or Manchester in the 1950s was implicated in the broader politics of postwar global health.
MeSH term(s)	Foundations/history ; History, 20th Century ; National Health Programs/history ; State Medicine/history ; State Medicine/legislation & jurisprudence ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80281-5
ISSN	1086-3176 ; 0007-5140
ISSN (online)	1086-3176
ISSN	0007-5140
DOI	10.1353/bhm.2020.0003
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Article: Environmental History and New Directions in Modern British Historiography.

Seaton, Andrew

20 century British history

2018 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 447–456

MeSH term(s)	Environment ; Historiography ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-02-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2077480-1
ISSN	1477-4674 ; 0955-2359
ISSN (online)	1477-4674
ISSN	0955-2359
DOI	10.1093/tcbh/hwy001
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Article ; Online: Multifaceted roles for BCL3 in cancer: a proto-oncogene comes of age.

Seaton, Gillian / Smith, Hannah / Brancale, Andrea / Westwell, Andrew D / Clarkson, Richard

Molecular cancer

2024 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 7

Abstract: In the early 1990's a group of unrelated genes were identified from the sites of recurring translocations in B-cell lymphomas. Despite sharing the nomenclature 'Bcl', and an association with blood-borne cancer, these genes have unrelated functions. Of ... ...

Abstract	In the early 1990's a group of unrelated genes were identified from the sites of recurring translocations in B-cell lymphomas. Despite sharing the nomenclature 'Bcl', and an association with blood-borne cancer, these genes have unrelated functions. Of these genes, BCL2 is best known as a key cancer target involved in the regulation of caspases and other cell viability mechanisms. BCL3 on the other hand was originally identified as a non-canonical regulator of NF-kB transcription factor pathways - a signaling mechanism associated with important cell outcomes including many of the hallmarks of cancer. Most of the early investigations into BCL3 function have since focused on its role in NF-kB mediated cell proliferation, inflammation/immunity and cancer. However, recent evidence is coming to light that this protein directly interacts with and modulates a number of other signaling pathways including DNA damage repair, WNT/β-catenin, AKT, TGFβ/SMAD3 and STAT3 - all of which have key roles in cancer development, metastatic progression and treatment of solid tumours. Here we review the direct evidence demonstrating BCL3's central role in a transcriptional network of signaling pathways that modulate cancer biology and treatment response in a range of solid tumour types and propose common mechanisms of action of BCL3 which may be exploited in the future to target its oncogenic effects for patient benefit.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; NF-kappa B ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Proto-Oncogenes ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Cell Proliferation
Chemical Substances	NF-kappa B
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2091373-4
ISSN	1476-4598 ; 1476-4598
ISSN (online)	1476-4598
ISSN	1476-4598
DOI	10.1186/s12943-023-01922-8
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Article ; Online: Meningococcal meningitis and COVID-19 co-infection.

Gallacher, Stuart Declan / Seaton, Andrew

BMJ case reports

2020 Volume 13, Issue 8

Abstract: Bacterial co-infection in the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 is associated with poor outcomes but remains little understood. A 22-year-old woman presented with a 3-week history of fever, headache, neck stiffness, rigours and confusion. She was noted to ... ...

Abstract	Bacterial co-infection in the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 is associated with poor outcomes but remains little understood. A 22-year-old woman presented with a 3-week history of fever, headache, neck stiffness, rigours and confusion. She was noted to have a purpuric rash over her hands and feet. Cerebrospinal fluid bacterial PCR was positive for
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use ; Coinfection ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Meningitis, Meningococcal/complications ; Meningitis, Meningococcal/drug therapy ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ceftriaxone (75J73V1629)
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ISSN	1757-790X
ISSN (online)	1757-790X
DOI	10.1136/bcr-2020-237366
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Article ; Online: Assessment of ceftolozane/tazobactam degradation profile and toxicity data in elastomeric devices for continuous infusion via outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT).

Gilchrist, Mark / Jamieson, Conor / Drummond, Felicity / Hills, Tim / Seaton, R Andrew / Santillo, Mark

JAC-antimicrobial resistance

2023 Volume 5, Issue 2, Page(s) dlad047

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2632-1823
ISSN (online)	2632-1823
DOI	10.1093/jacamr/dlad047
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Duncan Tanner Essay Prize Winner 2014. Against the 'Sacred Cow': NHS Opposition and the Fellowship for Freedom in Medicine, 1948-72.

Seaton, Andrew

20 century British history

2015 Volume 26, Issue 3, Page(s) 424–449

Abstract: This essay recovers organized opposition to the National Health Service (NHS) by considering the Fellowship for Freedom in Medicine (FFM), a conservative organization of doctors who challenged the 'Sacred Cow' of nationalized healthcare in the 1950s and ... ...

Abstract	This essay recovers organized opposition to the National Health Service (NHS) by considering the Fellowship for Freedom in Medicine (FFM), a conservative organization of doctors who challenged the 'Sacred Cow' of nationalized healthcare in the 1950s and 1960s. While there has been little interest in anti-NHS politics because of shortcomings in the institution's historiography, this study suggests ways a new history of the service can be written. Central to that project is taking the broader ideological and emotive quality of the NHS seriously, and appreciating the way, for all sides of the political spectrum, as well as the general public, the service has always been a contested symbol of post-war British identity. This essay argues that two NHS 'crises'--panics over costs, and disillusionment within general practice--were not merely disagreements over budgets and pay-packets but politically charged moments infused with conservative anxieties over Britain's post-war trajectory. The FFM imagined the NHS as an economically dangerous bureaucratic machine that crushed medical independence and risked pushing the country towards dictatorship. Allies within the Conservative Party, private health insurance industry, and free-market 'think-tanks' worked with the FFM to challenge defences of both the service's operation and meaning. To appreciate why the NHS remains 'the closest thing the English have to a religion', one must consider the apostates as well as the faithful.
MeSH term(s)	Awards and Prizes ; General Practice/history ; Historiography ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Politics ; Societies, Medical/history ; State Medicine/history ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-09-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2077480-1
ISSN	1477-4674 ; 0955-2359
ISSN (online)	1477-4674
ISSN	0955-2359
DOI	10.1093/tcbh/hwv011
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Article: Evaluation of the stability of aciclovir in elastomeric infusion devices used for outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy.

Sime, Fekade Bruck / Wallis, Steven / Jamieson, Conor / Hills, Tim / Gilchrist, Mark / Santillo, Mark / Seaton, R Andrew / Drummond, Felicity / Roberts, Jason

European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice

2024

Abstract: Objectives: To investigate the stability of aciclovir solutions in elastomeric devices used for outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT).: Methods: Triplicates of two elastomeric devices, Accufuser and Easypump II, were filled with a ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To investigate the stability of aciclovir solutions in elastomeric devices used for outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT). Methods: Triplicates of two elastomeric devices, Accufuser and Easypump II, were filled with a solution of 200 mg, 2400 mg, and 4500 mg aciclovir in 240 mL 0.9% w/v saline. Devices were stored at room temperature for 14 days, followed by 24 hours storage at 32°C. Assessment using a stability indicating assay, pH and subvisible particle analysis was undertaken at 11 time points throughout the study. Results: Aciclovir solution at 200 mg and 2400 mg in 240 mL was stable for 14 days at room temperature (<20°C) and 24 hours of 32°C 'in-use' temperature exposure, remaining above the 95% limit for NHS stability protocols. The high dose was also stable for 14 days at room temperature, but when stored at 32°C there was precipitation of aciclovir within 4 hours in both devices. The precipitate was confirmed as aciclovir and precipitation was not a sign of chemical degradation. Conclusions: Aciclovir concentrations above 2400 mg/240 mL are liable to precipitation and cannot be recommended for OPAT services because of heightened risks of nephrotoxicity. Aciclovir solution can be given as a continuous 24-hour infusion for OPAT services at a concentration range of 200-2400 mg in 240 mL in Accufuser and Easypump II elastomeric devices following 14 days storage at room temperature, protected from light.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2650179-X
ISSN	2047-9964 ; 2047-9956
ISSN (online)	2047-9964
ISSN	2047-9956
DOI	10.1136/ejhpharm-2023-003784
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Article ; Online: Wound botulism presenting as dysphagia to an ENT ward.

Li, Lucy Qian / Cadamy, Andrew / Seaton, Andrew

BMJ case reports

2020 Volume 13, Issue 2

Abstract: A 44-year-old man with a background of heroin injection drug use was referred to the ear, nose and throat team with a sore throat and dysphagia. He was treated with intravenous antibiotics and steroids for suspected uvulitis. He developed progressive ... ...

Abstract	A 44-year-old man with a background of heroin injection drug use was referred to the ear, nose and throat team with a sore throat and dysphagia. He was treated with intravenous antibiotics and steroids for suspected uvulitis. He developed progressive bulbar weakness and symmetrical descending weakness of the upper extremities over a 12-hour period and was intubated prior to transfer to the intensive care unit.Botulinum heptavalent antitoxin was administered, and subsequent PCR assay confirmed
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Botulinum Antitoxin/therapeutic use ; Botulism/diagnosis ; Botulism/drug therapy ; Clostridium botulinum type B ; Deglutition Disorders/drug therapy ; Deglutition Disorders/microbiology ; Fatal Outcome ; Heroin Dependence/complications ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use ; Male ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous/complications ; Wound Infection/drug therapy ; Wound Infection/microbiology
Chemical Substances	Botulinum Antitoxin ; Immunologic Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ISSN	1757-790X
ISSN (online)	1757-790X
DOI	10.1136/bcr-2019-232367
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Indications for the use of metronidazole in the treatment of non-periodontal dental infections: a systematic review.

Cooper, Lesley / Stankiewicz, Nikolai / Sneddon, Jacqueline / Seaton, R Andrew / Smith, Andrew

JAC-antimicrobial resistance

2022 Volume 4, Issue 4, Page(s) dlac072

Abstract: Background: Dental practitioners are the largest prescribers of metronidazole. Antibiotics should only be prescribed when systemic involvement is clear and should be limited to monotherapy with β-lactams in the first instance.: Objectives: To ... ...

Abstract	Background: Dental practitioners are the largest prescribers of metronidazole. Antibiotics should only be prescribed when systemic involvement is clear and should be limited to monotherapy with β-lactams in the first instance. Objectives: To determine whether metronidazole used as monotherapy or in addition to a β-lactam antibiotic offers any additional benefit over β-lactam monotherapy in non-periodontal dental infections. Methods: Searches of Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Cochrane library and trials registries, forward and backward citations, for studies published between database inception and 2 August 2021. All randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and non-randomized trials comparing either systemic metronidazole monotherapy or metronidazole combined with a β-lactam with β-lactam monotherapy for the treatment of non-periodontal dental infections in adults or children in outpatient settings were included. Results: Four publications reporting three RCTs comparing metronidazole with a β-lactam antibiotic were recovered. Studies were conducted in the 1970s-80s and aimed to demonstrate metronidazole was as effective as penicillin for the treatment of acute pericoronitis or acute apical infections with systemic involvement. Meta-analysis of results was not possible due to differences in measurement of infection signs. All studies concluded that metronidazole and penicillin are equally effective for the treatment of non-periodontal dental infections with systemic involvement. Conclusions: Metronidazole does not provide superior clinical outcomes (alone or in combination with a β-lactam) when compared with a β-lactam antibiotic alone for the treatment of non-periodontal dental infections in general dental practice. Guidelines should reinforce the importance of surgical interventions and if appropriate the use of a single agent narrow-spectrum β-lactam.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2632-1823
ISSN (online)	2632-1823
DOI	10.1093/jacamr/dlac072
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Article ; Online: Optimum length of treatment with systemic antibiotics in adults with dental infections: a systematic review.

Cooper, Lesley / Stankiewicz, Nikolai / Sneddon, Jacqueline / Smith, Andrew / Seaton, R Andrew

Evidence-based dentistry

2022

Abstract: Introduction Guidelines on the length of treatment of dental infections with systemic antibiotics vary across different countries. We aimed to determine if short-duration (3-5 days) courses of systemic antibiotics were as effective as longer-duration ... ...

Abstract	Introduction Guidelines on the length of treatment of dental infections with systemic antibiotics vary across different countries. We aimed to determine if short-duration (3-5 days) courses of systemic antibiotics were as effective as longer-duration courses (≥7 days) for the treatment of dental infections in adults in outpatient settings.Methods We searched Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Cochrane, trials registries, Google Scholar and forward and backward citations for studies published between database inception and 30 March 2021. All randomised clinical trials (RCT) and non-randomised trials which compared length of treatment with systemic antibiotics for dental infections in adults in outpatient settings published in English were included.Results One small RCT met our defined inclusion criteria. The trial compared three-day versus seven-day courses of amoxicillin in adults with odontogenic infection requiring tooth extraction. There was no significant difference between groups in terms of participant-reported pain or clinical assessment of wound healing.Discussion While a number of observational studies were supportive of shorter-course therapy, only one small RCT concluded that a three-day course of amoxicillin was clinically non-inferior versus seven days for the treatment of odontogenic infection requiring tooth extraction. Limited conclusions on shorter-course therapy can be drawn from this study as all participants commenced amoxicillin two days before tooth extraction which is not common clinical practice. The variability in guidelines for use of antimicrobials in dental infections suggests that guidelines are based on local or national historical practice and indicates the need for further research to determine the optimum length of treatment. RCTs are required to investigate if short-duration courses of antibiotics are effective and to provide evidence to support consistent guidance for dental professionals.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1457588-7
ISSN	1476-5446 ; 1462-0049
ISSN (online)	1476-5446
ISSN	1462-0049
DOI	10.1038/s41432-022-0801-6
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