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Article ; Online: Associations of breastfeeding duration and the total number of children breastfed with self-reported osteoarthritis in Korea women 50 years and older: a cross-sectional study.

Ham, Dajeong / Bae, Sanghyuk

2023 Volume 45, Page(s) e2023044

Abstract: Objectives: Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease, with a higher prevalence among women than men. The present study aimed to examine the associations of breastfeeding duration and the total number of children breastfed with osteoarthritis in ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease, with a higher prevalence among women than men. The present study aimed to examine the associations of breastfeeding duration and the total number of children breastfed with osteoarthritis in Korean women aged 50 years and older. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we used representative data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, phases 5 through 7 (2010-2018). Our analysis included 10,102 women aged ≥50 years. Osteoarthritis experience was defined as whether a physician had ever diagnosed osteoarthritis. Breastfeeding duration was categorized as 1-6 months, 7-24 months, and ≥25 months. The total number of children breastfed was categorized as 1-2, 3-4, and ≥5. The covariates were health behavior characteristics and risks of diseases (smoking, drinking, physical activity, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, oral contraceptive use, and menopause) as well as socioeconomic characteristics (income, educational level, and occupation). A multiple logistic regression model was used to investigate associations between osteoarthritis and aspects of breastfeeding experience. Results: Compared to the non-breastfeeding group, the breastfeeding group had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.55 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18 to 2.03) for osteoarthritis. Those who reported breastfeeding for >25 months had an OR of 1.56 (95% CI, 1.19 to 2.06). Conclusions: The advantages of breastfeeding are already well known, but the present study suggests that women who breastfeed children for a longer time may have a higher risk of osteoarthritis after middle age.
MeSH term(s)	Middle Aged ; Male ; Female ; Child ; Humans ; Aged ; Breast Feeding ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Nutrition Surveys ; Self Report ; Osteoarthritis ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-13
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2590698-7
ISSN	2092-7193 ; 2092-7193
ISSN (online)	2092-7193
ISSN	2092-7193
DOI	10.4178/epih.e2023044
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Article ; Online: Associations of active and passive tobacco exposure with elevated blood pressure in Korean adolescents.

Park, Hyerin / Jeong, Hyunsuk / Yim, Hyeon Woo / Bae, Sanghyuk

Epidemiology and health

2024 Volume 46, Page(s) e2024028

Abstract: Objectives: To test the hypothesis that tobacco exposure is associated with elevated blood pressure (EBP) in Korean adolescents, and that the association is dose dependent.: Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the 2011-2020 Korea ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To test the hypothesis that tobacco exposure is associated with elevated blood pressure (EBP) in Korean adolescents, and that the association is dose dependent. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the 2011-2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES). Subjects were eligible if they were 13-18 years at the time of participation in KNHANES. Tobacco exposure was defined by urine cotinine level. The main outcomes were EBP and hypertension. Statistical analyses were conducted using SAS version 9.4 with appropriate sampling weights to account for the complex survey design, stratification, and cluster variable. Results: A total of 2,518 adolescents was included in the analysis, representing 2.5 million Korean adolescents. The mean± standard deviation participant age was 15.3±1.7 years, and 55.3% were male. The number of participants with active tobacco smoke exposure was 283 (11.2%), passive tobacco smoke exposure was 145 (5.8%), and no smoke exposure was 2,090 (83.0%). Analysis of the 2,518 urine-cotinine-verified participants showed that tobacco smoke exposure had a significant effect on EBP: with an odds of elevated blood pressure of 3.00 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14 to 7.89). The odds of hypertension were 3.61 (95% CI, 1.13 to 11.49) in the active smoking group compared with the no tobacco exposure group after adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusions: It is necessary to present a range of public health plans to reduce tobacco exposure that affects adolescents' blood pressure, and further research with a larger number of participants using urine cotinine as a biomarker is needed.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Adolescent ; Female ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects ; Blood Pressure ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cotinine/analysis ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; Cotinine (K5161X06LL)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-13
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2590698-7
ISSN	2092-7193 ; 2092-7193
ISSN (online)	2092-7193
ISSN	2092-7193
DOI	10.4178/epih.e2024028
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Article ; Online: Interrupting Effect of Social Distancing on Ischemic Heart Disease, Asthma, Stroke, and Suicide Attempt Patients by PM

Choi, Minseo / Son, Mia / Bae, Sanghyuk / Lee, Whanhee / Kim, Kyung-Nam / Hyun, Jung K

Yonsei medical journal

2024 Volume 65, Issue 5, Page(s) 302–313

Abstract: Purpose: This study aimed to examine the interrupting effect of social distancing (SD) on emergency department (ED) patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, asthma, and suicide attempts by PM: Materials and methods: The study used National ...

Abstract	Purpose: This study aimed to examine the interrupting effect of social distancing (SD) on emergency department (ED) patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, asthma, and suicide attempts by PM Materials and methods: The study used National Emergency Department Information System and AirKorea data. A total of 469014 patients visited EDs from 2017 to 2020. Interrupted time series analysis was employed to examine changes in the level and slope of the time series, relative risk, and confidence intervals (CIs) by PM Results: The interrupted time series analysis demonstrated a significant increase in the ratio of relative risk (RRR) of IHD patients in Seoul (RRR=1.004, 95% CI: 1.001, 1.006) and Busan (RRR=1.007, 95% CI: 1.002, 1.012) post-SD. Regarding stroke, only patients in Seoul exhibited a significant decrease post-SD (RRR=0.995, 95% CI: 0.991, 0.999). No significant changes were observed for asthma in any of the cities. In the case of suicide attempts, Ulsan demonstrated substantial pre-SD (RR=0.827, 95% CI: 0.732, 0.935) and post-SD (RRR=1.200, 95% CI: 1.057, 1.362) differences. Conclusion: While the interrupting effect of SD was not as pronounced as anticipated, this study did validate the effectiveness of SD in modifying health behaviors and minimizing avoidable visits to EDs in addition to curtailing the occurrence of infectious diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Asthma/prevention & control ; Asthma/epidemiology ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects ; Suicide, Attempted/statistics & numerical data ; Myocardial Ischemia/prevention & control ; Myocardial Ischemia/epidemiology ; Stroke/prevention & control ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Female ; Physical Distancing ; Interrupted Time Series Analysis ; Middle Aged ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Particulate Matter
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-23
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	303740-x
ISSN	1976-2437 ; 0513-5796
ISSN (online)	1976-2437
ISSN	0513-5796
DOI	10.3349/ymj.2023.0135
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Article ; Online: Mediation of daily ambient ozone concentration on association between daily mean temperature and mortality in 7 metropolitan cities of Korea

Sanghyuk Bae / Youn-Hee Lim / Jongmin Oh / Ho-Jang Kwon

Environment International, Vol 178, Iss , Pp 108078- (2023)

2023

Abstract: Background: Climate change is suspected to cause adverse health effects, and increased ozone concentration is one of the proposed pathways. We examined the mediation of ozone on the association between temperature and daily mortality and estimated excess ...

Abstract	Background: Climate change is suspected to cause adverse health effects, and increased ozone concentration is one of the proposed pathways. We examined the mediation of ozone on the association between temperature and daily mortality and estimated excess mortality due to climate change. Methods: Daily mean temperature, 8-hour maximum ozone concentration, and daily number of non-accidental deaths from 7 metropolitan cities in Korea (Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Daejeon, Gwangju, and Ulsan) between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2019 were analyzed. A mediation analysis using a linear regression model for temperature and ozone and a Poisson regression model for temperature and mortality adjusting for ozone was conducted on days with temperature higher than or lower than city specific minimum mortality temperature. We calculated excess mortality due to direct and indirect effects of daily temperature exceeding average daily temperature from 1960 to 1990. Results: The daily mean temperature from 2006 to the end of 2019 was 1.15 ± 2.94 °C higher than the average daily temperature from 1960 to 1990. The pooled relative risk (for a 1 °C increment) of indirect effects through increased ozone were 1.0002 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.9999, 1.0004] and 1.0003 (95% CI: 1.0002, 1.0005) in days with higher than or lower than minimum mortality temperature, respectively. The numbers of excess deaths during the study period were 2072.5 (95% CI: 1957.1, 2186.5) due to direct effects in days with higher than minimal mortality temperature, and 94.6 (95% CI: 84.3, 101.7) and 268.5 (95% CI: 258.4, 289.1) due to indirect effects in days with higher than and lower than minimal mortality temperature, respectively. Conclusion: We observed a mediating effect of ozone between temperature and daily mortality. There has been excess deaths due direct effect of temperature and indirect effects through ozone.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Mediation of daily ambient ozone concentration on association between daily mean temperature and mortality in 7 metropolitan cities of Korea.

Bae, Sanghyuk / Lim, Youn-Hee / Oh, Jongmin / Kwon, Ho-Jang

Environment international

2023 Volume 178, Page(s) 108078

Abstract	Background: Climate change is suspected to cause adverse health effects, and increased ozone concentration is one of the proposed pathways. We examined the mediation of ozone on the association between temperature and daily mortality and estimated excess mortality due to climate change. Methods: Daily mean temperature, 8-hour maximum ozone concentration, and daily number of non-accidental deaths from 7 metropolitan cities in Korea (Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Daejeon, Gwangju, and Ulsan) between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2019 were analyzed. A mediation analysis using a linear regression model for temperature and ozone and a Poisson regression model for temperature and mortality adjusting for ozone was conducted on days with temperature higher than or lower than city specific minimum mortality temperature. We calculated excess mortality due to direct and indirect effects of daily temperature exceeding average daily temperature from 1960 to 1990. Results: The daily mean temperature from 2006 to the end of 2019 was 1.15 ± 2.94 °C higher than the average daily temperature from 1960 to 1990. The pooled relative risk (for a 1 °C increment) of indirect effects through increased ozone were 1.0002 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.9999, 1.0004] and 1.0003 (95% CI: 1.0002, 1.0005) in days with higher than or lower than minimum mortality temperature, respectively. The numbers of excess deaths during the study period were 2072.5 (95% CI: 1957.1, 2186.5) due to direct effects in days with higher than minimal mortality temperature, and 94.6 (95% CI: 84.3, 101.7) and 268.5 (95% CI: 258.4, 289.1) due to indirect effects in days with higher than and lower than minimal mortality temperature, respectively. Conclusion: We observed a mediating effect of ozone between temperature and daily mortality. There has been excess deaths due direct effect of temperature and indirect effects through ozone.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Ozone/analysis ; Temperature ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Cities ; Seoul ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Mortality
Chemical Substances	Ozone (66H7ZZK23N) ; Air Pollutants
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-30
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	554791-x
ISSN	1873-6750 ; 0160-4120
ISSN (online)	1873-6750
ISSN	0160-4120
DOI	10.1016/j.envint.2023.108078
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Article ; Online: Associations of daily diet-related greenhouse gas emissions with the incidence and mortality of chronic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.

Hong, Jee Yeon / Kim, Young Jun / Bae, Sanghyuk / Kim, Mi Kyung

Epidemiology and health

2022 Volume 45, Page(s) e2023011

Abstract: Objectives: Although the entire process extending from food production to dietary consumption makes a large contribution to total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, little and inconsistent evidence exists on the epidemiological associations of daily diet- ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Although the entire process extending from food production to dietary consumption makes a large contribution to total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, little and inconsistent evidence exists on the epidemiological associations of daily diet-related GHG emissions with chronic disease risk or all-cause mortality. This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the observational epidemiological relationship between daily diet-related GHG emissions and health outcomes, including the risk of chronic diseases and all-cause mortality. Methods: Original articles published in English until May 2022 were identified by searching PubMed, Ovid-Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. The extracted data were pooled using both fixed-effects and random-effects meta-analyses and presented as hazard and risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: In total, 7 cohort studies (21 study arms) were included for qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. The GHG emissions of dietary consumption showed a significant positive association with the risk of chronic disease incidence and mortality in both fixed-effects and random-effects models (fixed: RR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.05; random: RR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.06). This positive association was robust regardless of how daily diet-related GHG emissions were grouped. More strongly animal- based diets showed higher GHG emissions. However, there were only a few studies on specific chronic diseases, and the subgroup analysis showed insignificant results. There was no evidence of publication bias among the studies (Egger test: p=0.79). Conclusions: A higher GHG-emission diet was found to be associated with a greater risk of all-cause mortality.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Chronic Disease/epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Diet ; Greenhouse Gases/adverse effects ; Greenhouse Gases/analysis ; Incidence ; Observational Studies as Topic ; Mortality
Chemical Substances	Greenhouse Gases
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-30
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2590698-7
ISSN	2092-7193 ; 2092-7193
ISSN (online)	2092-7193
ISSN	2092-7193
DOI	10.4178/epih.e2023011
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Article ; Online: Association of indoor and outdoor short-term PM2.5 exposure with blood pressure among school children.

Oh, Eunjin / Choi, Kyung-Hwa / Kim, Sung Roul / Kwon, Ho-Jang / Bae, Sanghyuk

Indoor air

2022 Volume 32, Issue 3, Page(s) e13013

Abstract: The association between particulate matter and children's increased blood pressure is inconsistent, and few studies have evaluated indoor exposure, accounting for time-activity. The present study aimed to examine the association between personal short- ... ...

Abstract	The association between particulate matter and children's increased blood pressure is inconsistent, and few studies have evaluated indoor exposure, accounting for time-activity. The present study aimed to examine the association between personal short-term exposure to PM
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects ; Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis ; Blood Pressure ; Child ; Environmental Exposure/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Particulate Matter/analysis
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1081722-0
ISSN	1600-0668 ; 0905-6947
ISSN (online)	1600-0668
ISSN	0905-6947
DOI	10.1111/ina.13013
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Article ; Online: Current State of Research on the Risk of Morbidity and Mortality Associated with Air Pollution in Korea.

Bae, Sanghyuk / Kwon, Ho Jang

Yonsei medical journal

2019 Volume 60, Issue 3, Page(s) 243–256

Abstract: Purpose: The effects of air pollution on health can vary regionally. Our goal was to comprehensively review previous epidemiological studies on air pollution and health conducted in Korea to identify future areas of potential study.: Materials and ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The effects of air pollution on health can vary regionally. Our goal was to comprehensively review previous epidemiological studies on air pollution and health conducted in Korea to identify future areas of potential study. Materials and methods: We systematically searched all published epidemiologic studies examining the association between air pollution and occurrence of death, diseases, or symptoms in Korea. After classifying health outcomes into mortality, morbidity, and health impact, we summarized the relationship between individual air pollutants and health outcomes. Results: We analyzed a total of 27 studies that provided 104 estimates of the quantitative association between risk of mortality and exposure to air pollutants, including particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and carbon monoxide in Korea between January 1999 and July 2018. Regarding the association with morbidity, there were 38 studies, with 98 estimates, conducted during the same period. Most studies examined the short-term effects of air pollution using a time series or case-crossover study design; only three cohort studies that examined long-term effects were found. There were four health impact studies that calculated the attributable number of deaths or disability-adjusted life years due to air pollution. Conclusion: There have been many epidemiologic studies in Korea regarding air pollution and health. However, the present review shows that additional studies, especially cohort and experimental studies, are needed to provide more robust and accurate evidence that can be used to promote evidence-based policymaking.
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Air Pollution/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Morbidity ; Mortality ; Republic of Korea ; Research ; Risk Factors
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-25
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	303740-x
ISSN	1976-2437 ; 0513-5796
ISSN (online)	1976-2437
ISSN	0513-5796
DOI	10.3349/ymj.2019.60.3.243
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Article ; Online: Indoor and outdoor PM

Choi, Kyung-Hwa / Bae, Sanghyuk / Kim, Sungroul / Kwon, Ho-Jang

Environmental science and pollution research international

2020 Volume 27, Issue 22, Page(s) 27984–27994

Abstract: This panel study aimed to evaluate the associations between short-term exposure to indoor and outdoor ... ...

Abstract	This panel study aimed to evaluate the associations between short-term exposure to indoor and outdoor PM
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis ; Anxiety ; Child ; Environmental Exposure ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Particle Size ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Republic of Korea
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-13
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-020-08900-3
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Article ; Online: Association of postnatal exposure to mixture of bisphenol A, Di-n-butyl phthalate and Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate with Children's IQ at 5 Years of age: Mothers and Children's environmental health (MOCEH) study.

Ham, Dajeong / Ha, Mina / Park, Hyesook / Hong, Yun-Chul / Kim, Yangho / Ha, Eunhee / Bae, Sanghyuk

Chemosphere

2023 Volume 347, Page(s) 140626

Abstract: Early childhood is important for neurodevelopment, and exposure to endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates in this period may cause neurodevelopmental disorders and delays. The present study examined the association between exposure ...

Abstract	Early childhood is important for neurodevelopment, and exposure to endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates in this period may cause neurodevelopmental disorders and delays. The present study examined the association between exposure to mixtures of BPA and three metabolites of phthalates in early childhood and IQ at 5 years of age. The Mother and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) study is a prospective birth cohort study conducted in Korea with 1751 pregnant women enrolled from 2006 to 2010. After excluding those without relevant data, 47 children were included in the final analysis. We measured children's urinary concentrations of metabolites of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (Bisphenol A, mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate, mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate and mono-(2-ethyl-5-butyl) phthalate) at ages of 24 and 36 months. We evaluated the children's IQ with the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Test at the age of 5 years. After adjusting for potential confounders, a multiple linear regression was conducted to examine the associations between individual endocrine-disrupting chemicals and the IQ of the children. Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression and quantile-based g-computation were used to assess the association between IQ at age 5 and exposure to mixtures of BPA and phthalates. In the single-chemical analyses, mono-(2-ethyl-5-butyl) phthalate exposure at 36 months was adversely associated with children's IQ (β = -4.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): -9.22, -0.64). In the WQS regression and quantile-based g-computation analyses, exposure to the mixture of BPA and phthalates was associated with lower IQ [β = -9.13 (P-value = 0.05) and β = -9.18 (P-value = 0.05), respectively]. The largest contributor to the overall association was exposure to mono-(2-ethyl-5-butyl) phthalate at 36 months. In the present study, postnatal exposure to mixtures of BPA and three metabolites of phthalates was associated with decreased IQ of children at age 5.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Mothers ; Dibutyl Phthalate ; Diethylhexyl Phthalate ; Cohort Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Environmental Pollutants/analysis ; Phthalic Acids/metabolism ; Endocrine Disruptors/urine ; Environmental Health ; Environmental Exposure/analysis
Chemical Substances	phthalic acid (6O7F7IX66E) ; Dibutyl Phthalate (2286E5R2KE) ; bisphenol A (MLT3645I99) ; Diethylhexyl Phthalate (C42K0PH13C) ; Environmental Pollutants ; Phthalic Acids ; Endocrine Disruptors
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	120089-6
ISSN	1879-1298 ; 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
ISSN (online)	1879-1298
ISSN	0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
DOI	10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140626
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