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Article ; Online: The epidemiology of cholera in the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1965-2014.

Masoumi-Asl, Hossein / Kolifarhood, Goodarz / Gouya, Mohammad Mehdi

Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit

2020 Volume 26, Issue 9, Page(s) 1097–1104

Abstract: Background: Cholera is endemic in the Islamic Republic of Iran. According to surveillance system records and historical documents, cholera epidemics have led to thousands of deaths throughout the country in past centuries.: Aims: The aim of this ... ...

Abstract	Background: Cholera is endemic in the Islamic Republic of Iran. According to surveillance system records and historical documents, cholera epidemics have led to thousands of deaths throughout the country in past centuries. Aims: The aim of this study was an overview of cholera disease during the last 5 decades (1965-2014) and the epidemiological features of the most recent large-scale outbreaks. Methods: In this descriptive study, cholera incidence data provided by the National Surveillance Database were extracted and significant fluctuating trends for 1965-2014 were tested using the Cochran-Armitage test. To identify the factors most associated with cholera incidence in the outbreaks, adjusted odds ratios were computed by ordinal logistic regression. Results: Analysis of data has shown a tremendous decrease in incidence trends, from 19.7/100 000 to 0.01/100 000 over the 9 cholera epidemics that occurred at 5-6 year intervals during 1965-2014. Younger age groups (15-44 years) and inhabitants in urban areas have been more vulnerable to cholera in recent epidemics. The virulence of the pathogen and the case fatality rates have not changed during the last 3 epidemics. Conclusion: The burden of cholera in terms of case load has dramatically reduced during 1965-2014. Furthermore, the epidemiological feature of cholera with regard to transmission route, domicile, age, immigration, mortality and antimicrobial resistance has changed considerably in recent epidemics. While the number of epidemic regions has diminished, some areas are still susceptible to cholera outbreaks.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Cholera/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Epidemics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Iran/epidemiology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-24
Publishing country	Egypt
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1291071-5
ISSN	1687-1634 ; 1020-3397
ISSN (online)	1687-1634
ISSN	1020-3397
DOI	10.26719/emhj.19.051
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Article ; Online: Estimation of the serial interval and basic reproduction number of COVID-19 in Qom, Iran, and three other countries: A data-driven analysis in the early phase of the outbreak.

Aghaali, Mohammad / Kolifarhood, Goodarz / Nikbakht, Roya / Saadati, Hossein Mozafar / Hashemi Nazari, Seyed Saeed

Transboundary and emerging diseases

2020 Volume 67, Issue 6, Page(s) 2860–2868

Abstract: The outbreak of COVID-19 was first reported from China, and on 19 February 2020, the first case was confirmed in Qom, Iran. The basic reproduction number ( ... ...

Abstract	The outbreak of COVID-19 was first reported from China, and on 19 February 2020, the first case was confirmed in Qom, Iran. The basic reproduction number (R
MeSH term(s)	Basic Reproduction Number ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/transmission ; China/epidemiology ; Contact Tracing ; Disease Outbreaks ; Iran/epidemiology ; Italy/epidemiology ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-16
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2414822-2
ISSN	1865-1682 ; 1865-1674
ISSN (online)	1865-1682
ISSN	1865-1674
DOI	10.1111/tbed.13656
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Article ; Online: The AGT epistasis pattern proposed a novel role for ZBED9 in regulating blood pressure: Tehran Cardiometabolic genetic study (TCGS).

Akbarzadeh, Mahdi / Riahi, Parisa / Kolifarhood, Goodarz / Lanjanian, Hossein / Alipour, Nadia / Najd Hassan Bonab, Leila / Reza Moghadas, Mohammad / Sabour, Siamak / Azizi, Fereidoun / Daneshpour, Maryam S

Gene

2022 Volume 831, Page(s) 146560

Abstract: Introduction: High blood pressure is widely regarded as the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Epistasis analysis may provide additional insight into the genetic basis of hypertension.: Methods: A nested case-control design was ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: High blood pressure is widely regarded as the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Epistasis analysis may provide additional insight into the genetic basis of hypertension. Methods: A nested case-control design was used on 4214 unrelated Tehran Cardiometabolic Genetic Study (TCGS) adults to evaluate 65 SNPs of previously associated genes, including ZBED9, AGT, and TNXB. The integrated effect of each gene was determined using the Sequence-based Kernel Association Test (SKAT). We used model-based multifactor dimension reduction (Mb-MDR) and entropy-based gene-gene interaction (IGENT) methods to determine interaction and epistasis patterns. Results: The integrated effect of each gene has a statistically significant association with blood pressure traits (P-value < 0.05). The single-locus analysis identified two missense variants in ZBED9 (rs450630) and AGT (rs4762) associated with hypertension. In the ZBED9 gene, significant local interactions were discovered. The G allele in rs450630 showed an antagonistic effect on hypertension, but interestingly, IGENT analysis revealed significant epistasis effects for different combinations of ZBED9, AGT, and TNXB loci. Conclusion: We discovered a novel interaction effect between a significant variant in an essential gene for hypertension (AGT) and a missense variant in ZBED9, which has shifted our focus to ZBED9's role in blood pressure regulation.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Angiotensinogen/genetics ; Blood Pressure/genetics ; Epistasis, Genetic ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Hypertension/genetics ; Iran
Chemical Substances	Angiotensinogen (11002-13-4) ; SCAND3 protein, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391792-7
ISSN	1879-0038 ; 0378-1119
ISSN (online)	1879-0038
ISSN	0378-1119
DOI	10.1016/j.gene.2022.146560
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Article ; Online: Access, utilization, and barriers to using malaria protection tools in migrants to Iran.

Okati-Aliabad, Hassan / Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza / Mohammadi, Mahdi / Nejati, Jalil / Ranjbar, Mansour / Raeisi, Ahmad / Kolifarhood, Goodarz / Shahraki-Sanavi, Fariba / Khorram, Alireza

BMC public health

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 1615

Abstract: Background: Imported malaria cases could be considered one of the threats to malaria elimination. Therefore, increasing migrants' access to malaria preventive measures can play an essential role in maintaining appropriate conditions and preventing ... ...

Abstract	Background: Imported malaria cases could be considered one of the threats to malaria elimination. Therefore, increasing migrants' access to malaria preventive measures can play an essential role in maintaining appropriate conditions and preventing malaria outbreaks. This study aimed to provide detailed information about access, utilization, and barriers to using malaria protection tools in migrants to Iran. Methods: This study was conducted in a vast region consisting of 4 provinces and 38 cities located in the south and southeast of the country. Study participants were migrants who moved to the study area in the past three months. A sample of 4163 migrants participated in the study. They were selected through a multi-stage sampling method to obtain a representative community sample. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires about participants' socio-demographic specification, commuting characteristics, travel aim, access, ways of preparing, and reasons to use or not to use malaria protection tools. Quantitative and qualitative variables were described and analyzed finally. Results: The mean age of individuals was 28.6 ± 10.8, with a range of 3-88 years old. Migrants' country of origin was Afghanistan (56.6%), Pakistan (38.4%), and Iran (5%). Most migrants (69.2%) did not have malaria protection tools while staying in Iran. Among those who procured the protection tools, 74% used long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), 13.4% used mosquito repellent sticks and coil, and 12.7% did not use any tools. Respectively, lack of knowledge about where they can get LLINs, followed by being expensive, unavailability in the market, not cooperation of health officer, and no need to use were expressed as the causes for having no access. The main reasons for non-using the tools were lack of knowledge about their application, followed by a defect in protection tools, ineffectiveness, and being harmful, respectively. Migrants who were supported by an employer accessed more to LLINs. Conclusions: This study reveals significant shortcomings in knowledge, access, and utilization of malaria protection tools among migrants in Iran. Inequitable access to public health services is predictable during migration; however, access to sustainable protection tools is recommended.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Insecticide-Treated Bednets ; Insecticides ; Iran/epidemiology ; Malaria/epidemiology ; Malaria/prevention & control ; Middle Aged ; Mosquito Control/methods ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Transients and Migrants ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Insecticides
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-022-13913-3
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Article ; Online: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of COVID-19; a Narrative Review.

Kolifarhood, Goodarz / Aghaali, Mohammad / Mozafar Saadati, Hossein / Taherpour, Niloufar / Rahimi, Sajjad / Izadi, Neda / Hashemi Nazari, Seyed Saeed

Archives of academic emergency medicine

2020 Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) e41

Abstract: There are significant misconceptions and many obstacles in the way of illuminating the epidemiological and clinical aspects of COVID-19 as a new emerging epidemic. In addition, usefulness of some evidence published in the context of the recent epidemic ... ...

Abstract	There are significant misconceptions and many obstacles in the way of illuminating the epidemiological and clinical aspects of COVID-19 as a new emerging epidemic. In addition, usefulness of some evidence published in the context of the recent epidemic for decision making in clinic as well as public health is questionable. However, misinterpreting or ignoring strong evidence in clinical practice and public health probably results in less effective and somehow more harmful decisions for individuals as well as subgroups in general populations of countries in the initial stages of this epidemic. Accordingly, our narrative review appraised epidemiological and clinical aspects of the disease including genetic diversity of coronavirus genus, mode of transmission, incubation period, infectivity, pathogenicity, virulence, immunogenicity, diagnosis, surveillance, clinical case management and also successful measures for preventing its spread in some communities.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-01
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2645-4904
ISSN (online)	2645-4904
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Article: The AGT epistasis pattern proposed a novel role for ZBED9 in regulating blood pressure: Tehran Cardiometabolic genetic study (TCGS)

Gene. 2022 July 15, v. 831

2022

Abstract: High blood pressure is widely regarded as the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Epistasis analysis may provide additional insight into the genetic basis of hypertension. A nested case-control design was used on 4214 unrelated Tehran ...

Abstract	High blood pressure is widely regarded as the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Epistasis analysis may provide additional insight into the genetic basis of hypertension. A nested case-control design was used on 4214 unrelated Tehran Cardiometabolic Genetic Study (TCGS) adults to evaluate 65 SNPs of previously associated genes, including ZBED9, AGT, and TNXB. The integrated effect of each gene was determined using the Sequence-based Kernel Association Test (SKAT). We used model-based multifactor dimension reduction (Mb-MDR) and entropy-based gene-gene interaction (IGENT) methods to determine interaction and epistasis patterns. The integrated effect of each gene has a statistically significant association with blood pressure traits (P-value < 0.05). The single-locus analysis identified two missense variants in ZBED9 (rs450630) and AGT (rs4762) associated with hypertension. In the ZBED9 gene, significant local interactions were discovered. The G allele in rs450630 showed an antagonistic effect on hypertension, but interestingly, IGENT analysis revealed significant epistasis effects for different combinations of ZBED9, AGT, and TNXB loci. We discovered a novel interaction effect between a significant variant in an essential gene for hypertension (AGT) and a missense variant in ZBED9, which has shifted our focus to ZBED9′s role in blood pressure regulation.
Keywords	alleles ; blood pressure ; epistasis ; hypertension ; risk factors
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0715
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	391792-7
ISSN	1879-0038 ; 0378-1119
ISSN (online)	1879-0038
ISSN	0378-1119
DOI	10.1016/j.gene.2022.146560
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Estimation of the serial interval and basic reproduction number of COVID‐19 in Qom, Iran, and three other countries

Aghaali, Mohammad / Kolifarhood, Goodarz / Nikbakht, Roya / Saadati, Hossein Mozafar / Hashemi Nazari, Seyed Saeed

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases ; ISSN 1865-1674 1865-1682

A data‐driven analysis in the early phase of the outbreak

2020

Keywords	General Immunology and Microbiology ; General Veterinary ; General Medicine ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Wiley
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1111/tbed.13656
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Spatial and non-spatial determinants of successful tuberculosis treatment outcomes

Goodarz Kolifarhood / Davoud Khorasani-Zavareh / Shaker Salarilak / Alireza Shoghli / Nasim Khosravi

Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, Vol 5, Iss

An implication of Geographical Information Systems in health policy-making in a developing country

2019 Volume 3

Abstract: This retrospective study aimed to address whether or to what extent spatial and non-spatial factors with a focus on a healthcare delivery system would influence successful tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes in Urmia, Iran. In this cross-sectional study, ...

Abstract	This retrospective study aimed to address whether or to what extent spatial and non-spatial factors with a focus on a healthcare delivery system would influence successful tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes in Urmia, Iran. In this cross-sectional study, data of 452 new TB cases were extracted from Urmia TB Management Center during a 5-year period. Using the Geographical Information System (GIS), health centers and study subjects’ locations were geocoded on digital maps. To identify the statistically significant geographical clusters, Average Nearest Neighbor (ANN) index was used. Logistic regression analysis was employed to determine the association of spatial and non-spatial variables on the occurrence of adverse treatment outcomes. The spatial clusters of TB cases were concentrated in older, impoverished and outskirts areas. Although there was a tendency toward higher odds of adverse treatment outcomes among urban TB cases, this finding after adjusting for distance from a given TB healthcare center did not reach statistically significant. This article highlights effects of spatial and non-spatial determinants on the TB adverse treatment outcomes, particularly in what way the policies of healthcare services are made. Accordingly, non-spatial determinants in terms of low socio-economic factors need more attention by public health policy makers, and then more focus should be placed on the health delivery system, in particular men’s health.
Keywords	Tuberculosis ; Adverse treatment outcome ; Health policy-making ; Geographical Information System ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Springer
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Access, utilization, and barriers to using malaria protection tools in migrants to Iran

Hassan Okati-Aliabad / Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam / Mahdi Mohammadi / Jalil Nejati / Mansour Ranjbar / Ahmad Raeisi / Goodarz Kolifarhood / Fariba Shahraki-Sanavi / Alireza Khorram

BMC Public Health, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Background Imported malaria cases could be considered one of the threats to malaria elimination. Therefore, increasing migrants’ access to malaria preventive measures can play an essential role in maintaining appropriate conditions and ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Imported malaria cases could be considered one of the threats to malaria elimination. Therefore, increasing migrants’ access to malaria preventive measures can play an essential role in maintaining appropriate conditions and preventing malaria outbreaks. This study aimed to provide detailed information about access, utilization, and barriers to using malaria protection tools in migrants to Iran. Methods This study was conducted in a vast region consisting of 4 provinces and 38 cities located in the south and southeast of the country. Study participants were migrants who moved to the study area in the past three months. A sample of 4163 migrants participated in the study. They were selected through a multi-stage sampling method to obtain a representative community sample. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires about participants’ socio-demographic specification, commuting characteristics, travel aim, access, ways of preparing, and reasons to use or not to use malaria protection tools. Quantitative and qualitative variables were described and analyzed finally. Results The mean age of individuals was 28.6 ± 10.8, with a range of 3–88 years old. Migrants’ country of origin was Afghanistan (56.6%), Pakistan (38.4%), and Iran (5%). Most migrants (69.2%) did not have malaria protection tools while staying in Iran. Among those who procured the protection tools, 74% used long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), 13.4% used mosquito repellent sticks and coil, and 12.7% did not use any tools. Respectively, lack of knowledge about where they can get LLINs, followed by being expensive, unavailability in the market, not cooperation of health officer, and no need to use were expressed as the causes for having no access. The main reasons for non-using the tools were lack of knowledge about their application, followed by a defect in protection tools, ineffectiveness, and being harmful, respectively. Migrants who were supported by an employer accessed more to LLINs. Conclusions This ...
Keywords	Migrants ; Malaria ; Protection ; Iran ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	306
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of COVID-19; a Narrative Review

Goodarz Kolifarhood / Mohammad Aghaali / Hossein Mozafar Saadati / Niloufar Taherpour / Sajjad Rahimi / Neda Izadi / Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari

Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine, Vol 8, Iss

2020 Volume 1

Abstract	There are significant misconceptions and many obstacles in the way of illuminating the epidemiological and clinical aspects of COVID-19 as a new emerging epidemic. In addition, usefulness of some evidence published in the context of the recent epidemic for decision making in clinic as well as public health is questionable. However, misinterpreting or ignoring strong evidence in clinical practice and public health probably results in less effective and somehow more harmful decisions for individuals as well as subgroups in general populations of countries in the initial stages of this epidemic. Accordingly, our narrative review appraised epidemiological and clinical aspects of the disease including genetic diversity of coronavirus genus, mode of transmission, incubation period, infectivity, pathogenicity, virulence, immunogenicity, diagnosis, surveillance, clinical case management and also successful measures for preventing its spread in some communities.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; epidemiology ; public health ; communicable diseases ; emerging ; Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ; RC86-88.9 ; covid19
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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