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Article: Use of Bluetooth contact tracing technology to model COVID-19 quarantine policies in high-risk closed populations.

Sun, Yinxiaohe / Koo, Joel Ruihan / Park, Minah / Yi, Huso / Dickens, Borame L / Cook, Alex R

2023 Volume 9, Page(s) 20552076231178418

Abstract: Containment measures in high-risk closed settings, like migrant worker (MW) dormitories, are critical for mitigating emerging infectious disease outbreaks and protecting potentially vulnerable populations in outbreaks such as coronavirus disease 2019 ( ... ...

Abstract	Containment measures in high-risk closed settings, like migrant worker (MW) dormitories, are critical for mitigating emerging infectious disease outbreaks and protecting potentially vulnerable populations in outbreaks such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The direct impact of social distancing measures can be assessed through wearable contact tracing devices. Here, we developed an individual-based model using data collected through a Bluetooth wearable device that collected 33.6M and 52.8M contact events in two dormitories in Singapore, one apartment style and the other a barrack style, to assess the impact of measures to reduce the social contact of cases and their contacts. The simulation of highly detailed contact networks accounts for different infrastructural levels, including room, floor, block, and dormitory, and intensity in terms of being regular or transient. Via a branching process model, we then simulated outbreaks that matched the prevalence during the COVID-19 outbreak in the two dormitories and explored alternative scenarios for control. We found that strict isolation of all cases and quarantine of all contacts would lead to very low prevalence but that quarantining only regular contacts would lead to only marginally higher prevalence but substantially fewer total man-hours lost in quarantine. Reducing the density of contacts by 30% through the construction of additional dormitories was modelled to reduce the prevalence by 14 and 9% under smaller and larger outbreaks, respectively. Wearable contact tracing devices may be used not just for contact tracing efforts but also to inform alternative containment measures in high-risk closed settings.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2819396-9
ISSN	2055-2076
ISSN	2055-2076
DOI	10.1177/20552076231178418
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Use of Bluetooth contact tracing technology to model COVID-19 quarantine policies in high-risk closed populations

Yinxiaohe Sun / Joel Ruihan Koo / Minah Park / Huso Yi / Borame L Dickens / Alex R Cook

Digital Health, Vol

2023 Volume 9

Abstract	Containment measures in high-risk closed settings, like migrant worker (MW) dormitories, are critical for mitigating emerging infectious disease outbreaks and protecting potentially vulnerable populations in outbreaks such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The direct impact of social distancing measures can be assessed through wearable contact tracing devices. Here, we developed an individual-based model using data collected through a Bluetooth wearable device that collected 33.6M and 52.8M contact events in two dormitories in Singapore, one apartment style and the other a barrack style, to assess the impact of measures to reduce the social contact of cases and their contacts. The simulation of highly detailed contact networks accounts for different infrastructural levels, including room, floor, block, and dormitory, and intensity in terms of being regular or transient. Via a branching process model, we then simulated outbreaks that matched the prevalence during the COVID-19 outbreak in the two dormitories and explored alternative scenarios for control. We found that strict isolation of all cases and quarantine of all contacts would lead to very low prevalence but that quarantining only regular contacts would lead to only marginally higher prevalence but substantially fewer total man-hours lost in quarantine. Reducing the density of contacts by 30% through the construction of additional dormitories was modelled to reduce the prevalence by 14 and 9% under smaller and larger outbreaks, respectively. Wearable contact tracing devices may be used not just for contact tracing efforts but also to inform alternative containment measures in high-risk closed settings.
Keywords	Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7
Subject code	600
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Testing strategies to contain COVID-19 in migrant worker dormitories

Joel R Koo / Borame L Dickens / Shihui Jin / Jue Tao Lim / Yinxiaohe Sun / Ken Wei Tan / Alex R Cook

Journal of Migration and Health, Vol 5, Iss , Pp 100079- (2022)

2022

Abstract: Introduction: COVID-19 transmission within overcrowded migrant worker dormitories is an ongoing global issue. Many countries have implemented extensive control measures to prevent the entire migrant worker population from becoming infected. Here, we ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: COVID-19 transmission within overcrowded migrant worker dormitories is an ongoing global issue. Many countries have implemented extensive control measures to prevent the entire migrant worker population from becoming infected. Here, we explore case count outcomes when utilizing lockdown and testing under different testing measures and transmissibility settings. Methods: We built a mathematical model which estimates transmission across 10 different blocks with 1000 individuals per block under different parameter combinations and testing conditions over the period of 1 month. We vary parameters including differences in block connectivity, underlying recovered proportions at the time of intervention, case importation rates and testing protocols using either PCR or rapid antigen testing. Results: We estimate that a relatively transmissible environment with fortnightly PCR testing at a relatively low initial recovered proportion of 40%, low connectivity where 10% of contacts occurred outside of the infected individuals’ block and a high importation rate of 1100000 per day, results in an average of 39 (95%Interval: 9–121) new COVID-19 cases after one month of observation. Similar results were observed for weekly rapid antigen testing at 33 (9–95) cases. Interpretation: Our findings support the need for either fortnightly PCR testing or weekly rapid antigen testing in high population density environments such as migrant worker dormitories. Repeated mass testing is highly effective, preventing localized site outbreaks and reducing the need for site wide lockdowns or other extensive social distancing measures within and outside of dormitories.
Keywords	Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270 ; Colonies and colonization. Emigration and immigration. International migration ; JV1-9480
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Testing strategies to contain COVID-19 in migrant worker dormitories.

Koo, Joel R / Dickens, Borame L / Jin, Shihui / Lim, Jue Tao / Sun, Yinxiaohe / Tan, Ken Wei / Cook, Alex R

Journal of migration and health

2022 Volume 5, Page(s) 100079

Abstract	Introduction: COVID-19 transmission within overcrowded migrant worker dormitories is an ongoing global issue. Many countries have implemented extensive control measures to prevent the entire migrant worker population from becoming infected. Here, we explore case count outcomes when utilizing lockdown and testing under different testing measures and transmissibility settings. Methods: We built a mathematical model which estimates transmission across 10 different blocks with 1000 individuals per block under different parameter combinations and testing conditions over the period of 1 month. We vary parameters including differences in block connectivity, underlying recovered proportions at the time of intervention, case importation rates and testing protocols using either PCR or rapid antigen testing. Results: We estimate that a relatively transmissible environment with fortnightly PCR testing at a relatively low initial recovered proportion of 40%, low connectivity where 10% of contacts occurred outside of the infected individuals' block and a high importation rate of Interpretation: Our findings support the need for either fortnightly PCR testing or weekly rapid antigen testing in high population density environments such as migrant worker dormitories. Repeated mass testing is highly effective, preventing localized site outbreaks and reducing the need for site wide lockdowns or other extensive social distancing measures within and outside of dormitories.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-6235
ISSN (online)	2666-6235
DOI	10.1016/j.jmh.2022.100079
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Clinical features for diagnosis of pneumonia among adults in primary care setting: A systematic and meta-review.

Htun, Tha Pyai / Sun, Yinxiaohe / Chua, Hui Lan / Pang, Junxiong

Scientific reports

2019 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 7600

Abstract: Pneumonia results in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, chest radiography may not be accessible in primary care setting. We aimed to evaluate clinical features and its diagnostic value to identify pneumonia among adults in primary ... ...

Abstract	Pneumonia results in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, chest radiography may not be accessible in primary care setting. We aimed to evaluate clinical features and its diagnostic value to identify pneumonia among adults in primary care settings. Three academic databases were searched and included studies that assessed clinical predictors of pneumonia, adults without serious illness, have CXR and have conducted in primary care settings. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratio of each index test and the pool estimates for index tests. We identified 2,397 articles, of which 13 articles were included. In our meta-analysis, clinical features with the best pooled positive likelihood ratios were respiratory rate ≥20 min
MeSH term(s)	Biomarkers/metabolism ; Humans ; Pneumonia/diagnosis ; Pneumonia/metabolism ; Pneumonia/pathology ; Primary Health Care/methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-019-44145-y
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Clinical features for diagnosis of pneumonia among adults in primary care setting

Tha Pyai Htun / Yinxiaohe Sun / Hui Lan Chua / Junxiong Pang

Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

A systematic and meta-review

2019 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract Pneumonia results in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, chest radiography may not be accessible in primary care setting. We aimed to evaluate clinical features and its diagnostic value to identify pneumonia among adults in ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Pneumonia results in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, chest radiography may not be accessible in primary care setting. We aimed to evaluate clinical features and its diagnostic value to identify pneumonia among adults in primary care settings. Three academic databases were searched and included studies that assessed clinical predictors of pneumonia, adults without serious illness, have CXR and have conducted in primary care settings. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratio of each index test and the pool estimates for index tests. We identified 2,397 articles, of which 13 articles were included. In our meta-analysis, clinical features with the best pooled positive likelihood ratios were respiratory rate ≥20 min−1 (3.47; 1.46–7.23), temperature ≥38 °C (3.21; 2.36–4.23), pulse rate >100 min−1 (2.79; 1.71–4.33), and crackles (2.42; 1.19–4.69). Laboratory testing showed highest pooled positive likelihood ratios with PCT >0.25 ng/ml (7.61; 3.28–15.1) and CRP > 20 mg/l (3.76; 2.3–5.91). Cough, pyrexia, tachycardia, tachypnea, and crackles are limited as a single predictor for diagnosis of radiographic pneumonia among adults. Development of clinical decision rule that combine these clinical features together with molecular biomarkers may further increase overall accuracy for diagnosis of radiographic pneumonia among adults in primary care setting.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: A Systematic Review of COVID-19 Epidemiology Based on Current Evidence

Minah Park / Alex R. Cook / Jue Tao Lim / Yinxiaohe Sun / Borame L. Dickens

Journal of Clinical Medicine ; Volume 9 ; Issue 4

2020

Abstract: As the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread rapidly across the globe, we aimed to identify and summarize the existing evidence on epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and the effectiveness of control measures to inform policymakers ...

Abstract	As the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread rapidly across the globe, we aimed to identify and summarize the existing evidence on epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and the effectiveness of control measures to inform policymakers and leaders in formulating management guidelines, and to provide directions for future research. We conducted a systematic review of the published literature and preprints on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak following predefined eligibility criteria. Of 317 research articles generated from our initial search on PubMed and preprint archives on 21 February 2020, 41 met our inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Current evidence suggests that it takes about 3-7 days for the epidemic to double in size. Of 21 estimates for the basic reproduction number ranging from 1.9 to 6.5, 13 were between 2.0 and 3.0. The incubation period was estimated to be 4-6 days, whereas the serial interval was estimated to be 4-8 days. Though the true case fatality risk is yet unknown, current model-based estimates ranged from 0.3% to 1.4% for outside China. There is an urgent need for rigorous research focusing on the mitigation efforts to minimize the impact on society.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; epidemiology ; basic reproduction number ; incubation period ; serial interval ; severity ; covid19
Subject code	306
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-31
Publisher	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Publishing country	ch
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Systematic Review of COVID-19 Epidemiology Based on Current Evidence

Minah Park / Alex R. Cook / Jue Tao Lim / Yinxiaohe Sun / Borame L. Dickens

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 9, Iss 967, p

2020 Volume 967

Abstract	As the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread rapidly across the globe, we aimed to identify and summarize the existing evidence on epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and the effectiveness of control measures to inform policymakers and leaders in formulating management guidelines, and to provide directions for future research. We conducted a systematic review of the published literature and preprints on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak following predefined eligibility criteria. Of 317 research articles generated from our initial search on PubMed and preprint archives on 21 February 2020, 41 met our inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Current evidence suggests that it takes about 3-7 days for the epidemic to double in size. Of 21 estimates for the basic reproduction number ranging from 1.9 to 6.5, 13 were between 2.0 and 3.0. The incubation period was estimated to be 4-6 days, whereas the serial interval was estimated to be 4-8 days. Though the true case fatality risk is yet unknown, current model-based estimates ranged from 0.3% to 1.4% for outside China. There is an urgent need for rigorous research focusing on the mitigation efforts to minimize the impact on society.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; epidemiology ; basic reproduction number ; incubation period ; serial interval ; Medicine ; R ; covid19
Subject code	306
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: A Systematic Review of COVID-19 Epidemiology Based on Current Evidence.

Park, Minah / Cook, Alex R / Lim, Jue Tao / Sun, Yinxiaohe / Dickens, Borame L

Journal of clinical medicine

2020 Volume 9, Issue 4

Abstract	As the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread rapidly across the globe, we aimed to identify and summarize the existing evidence on epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and the effectiveness of control measures to inform policymakers and leaders in formulating management guidelines, and to provide directions for future research. We conducted a systematic review of the published literature and preprints on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak following predefined eligibility criteria. Of 317 research articles generated from our initial search on PubMed and preprint archives on 21 February 2020, 41 met our inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Current evidence suggests that it takes about 3-7 days for the epidemic to double in size. Of 21 estimates for the basic reproduction number ranging from 1.9 to 6.5, 13 were between 2.0 and 3.0. The incubation period was estimated to be 4-6 days, whereas the serial interval was estimated to be 4-8 days. Though the true case fatality risk is yet unknown, current model-based estimates ranged from 0.3% to 1.4% for outside China. There is an urgent need for rigorous research focusing on the mitigation efforts to minimize the impact on society.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm9040967
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Interventions to mitigate early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore

Koo, Joel R / Cook, Alex R / Park, Minah / Sun, Yinxiaohe / Sun, Haoyang / Lim, Jue Tao / Tam, Clarence / Dickens, Borame L

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

a modelling study

2020 Volume 20, Issue 6, Page(s) 678–688

Keywords	Infectious Diseases ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2061641-7
ISSN	1474-4457 ; 1473-3099
ISSN (online)	1474-4457
ISSN	1473-3099
DOI	10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30162-6
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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