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Article: Outpatient Treatment of Mild Dysphagia in Ear-Nose-and-Throat Clinics.

Yamano, Takafumi / Nishi, Kensuke / Omori, Fumitaka / Nakamura, Ayumi / Fukuyo, Kazumasa

2024 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) e52395

Abstract: Objective: Many reports on inpatient dysphagia rehabilitation in acute and convalescent rehabilitation hospitals exist, but there are a few reports on outpatient treatments. Otolaryngologists still take a trial-and-error approach when treating dysphagia. ...

Abstract	Objective: Many reports on inpatient dysphagia rehabilitation in acute and convalescent rehabilitation hospitals exist, but there are a few reports on outpatient treatments. Otolaryngologists still take a trial-and-error approach when treating dysphagia. Here, we explore the effectiveness and limitations of outpatient treatment in ear-nose-and-throat (ENT) clinics. Methods: Sixty-four patients (41 males and 23 females) aged 27-101 years (mean 78 years) visited an outpatient clinic specialising in feeding and swallowing conditions (the Fukuyo ENT Clinic). All were able to perform the activities of daily living (ADL) to the extent that outpatient visits were possible; no home visits were made. The weekly outpatient day was staffed by an otolaryngologist and a speech-language-hearing therapist (SLHT). All patients were subjected to fibreoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES), followed by appropriate training as revealed by the examinations. Results: Salivary retention in the glottis valley and piriform sinuses improved (both p < 0.05) in 30 patients who underwent repeat FEES; we compared the initial and final figures. In 14 cases in whom maximal tongue pressure (TP) was measured, this was higher at the final than at the first examination (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Outpatient treatment at ENT clinics for patients who are able to maintain their ADLs to the extent that they are able to walk to a hospital is an option for the treatment of age-related dysphagia. For severe cases, however, house calls and collaboration with the home and nursing care sector will be necessary and should be considered in the future.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.52395
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Article: Effects of Food Properties and Aging on External Auditory Canal Movements Associated With Mastication.

Yamano, Takafumi / Nishi, Kensuke / Omori, Fumitaka / Kajii, Takashi

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 11, Page(s) e49475

Abstract: Few objective evaluations of external auditory canal movement during mastication have been conducted. This study investigated the extent to which age and physical properties influence such movement. The effects of food properties and aging on ear canal ... ...

Abstract	Few objective evaluations of external auditory canal movement during mastication have been conducted. This study investigated the extent to which age and physical properties influence such movement. The effects of food properties and aging on ear canal movement during mastication were investigated using an earable reliable chewing-count measurement device. We used such a device to study the effects of food properties and aging on ear canal movement associated with mastication. A main effect of the difference in hardness between the foods (F = 8.3405, p = 0.0071) was found. No interaction (F = 1.3558, p = 0.2534) or main effect of age (F = 1.1206, p = 0.2982) was found. The values for peanuts were higher than those for pudding. Age had no significant effect. For both pudding and peanuts, there was a trend toward greater ear canal movement in young adults than in older adults. We suggest that external auditory canal movement during mastication decreases as muscle function declines with aging, but any effect may be less than that exerted by food properties.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.49475
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Article ; Online: Scientific validation of clinical visual scales and Antera 3D™ consistency with derived measurements in the assessment of infantile haemangioma after laser therapy.

Morihisa, Yoichiro / Rikimaru-Nishi, Yukiko / Ohmaru, Youkou / Ino, Kou / Rikimaru, Hideaki / Kiyokawa, Kensuke

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS

2024 Volume 91, Page(s) 47–55

Abstract: Background: Laser therapy is a treatment for infantile haemangiomas. The efficacy of laser therapy for red lesions is determined by visual evaluation; however, this assessment is inaccurate and lacks objectivity.: Objective: To scientifically ... ...

Abstract	Background: Laser therapy is a treatment for infantile haemangiomas. The efficacy of laser therapy for red lesions is determined by visual evaluation; however, this assessment is inaccurate and lacks objectivity. Objective: To scientifically validate the consistency between pre- and post-treatment visual assessment grades for infantile haemangioma treated with pulsed dye laser (PDL) and the values calculated from images obtained with Antera 3D™. Methods: This study involved 81 cases of infantile haemangiomas treated with PDL alone from 2012 to 2015 and with Antera 3D™ images of the lesions. Using images obtained before treatment and 4-6 weeks after the last treatment, the lesions were rated using a visual four-step scale. Ratings were categorised as Poor/Fair/Good/Excellent by the degree of improvement in the red colour tone. The red colour ratio was calculated using the haemoglobin distribution in the lesion and surrounding skin, and the improvement difference and improvement rate were then obtained. The correlation between the improvement difference and improvement rate, and visual evaluation was statistically analysed. Results: No serious adverse effects were observed, with an average of 4.3 treatments per patient; 60.1% of the patients achieved Good/Excellent results. There were statistically significant differences in the post-treatment red colour ratio and improvement ratio in each category after visual evaluation classification. The improvement rate and the four visual grades were statistically correlated. Conclusion: This study confirmed the scientific validity of visual evaluation and the evaluation criteria calculated from Antera 3D™. This method could objectively determine treatment effectiveness.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Skin ; Treatment Outcome ; Low-Level Light Therapy ; Skin Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Skin Neoplasms/surgery ; Erythema ; Hemangioma/radiotherapy ; Hemangioma/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2217750-4
ISSN	1878-0539 ; 1748-6815 ; 0007-1226
ISSN (online)	1878-0539
ISSN	1748-6815 ; 0007-1226
DOI	10.1016/j.bjps.2024.01.019
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Article ; Online: Association Between Oral Health and Swallowing Function in the Elderly.

Yamano, Takafumi / Nishi, Kensuke / Omori, Fumitaka / Wada, Kaori / Naito, Toru

Clinical interventions in aging

2023 Volume 18, Page(s) 343–351

Abstract: Objective: Although the oral environment significantly affects the risk of pneumonia, there have been few studies regarding its relation with swallowing. There is no doubt that there is a significant link between the oral environment and the development ...

Abstract	Objective: Although the oral environment significantly affects the risk of pneumonia, there have been few studies regarding its relation with swallowing. There is no doubt that there is a significant link between the oral environment and the development of pneumonia; however, there have been few comparative studies of swallowing using video endoscopy (VE) and video fluorography (VF) as indicators to determine the actual availability of oral intake and the choice of food form. This study was performed to examine whether the oral environment or swallowing function contributes more to the development of pneumonia in the elderly. Methods: The study population consisted of 24 patients (7 men and 17 women; age range: 64-97 years; average age: 86 years) assessed using the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT), VE and VF at Fukuoka Dental College Hospital. The most common disease was pneumonia (17 patients), followed by cerebral infarction (5 patients), pyelonephritis (4 patients), bronchitis (2 patients), Parkinson's disease (2 patients), scleroderma (1 patient), diabetes (1 patient), eosophageal cancer (1 patient) and Parkinson's syndrome> (1 patient). Some patients had multiple diseases. Oral intake was possible in 20 patients (80%), whereas tube feeding and gastric banding were required in 4 patients. Results: The OHAT score was not correlated with either the VE or VF score. Furthermore, the OHAT score was not significantly different between the multiple- and no/single-pneumonia episode groups. The group with multiple episodes of pneumonia had lower VE and VF scores than those with no or only a single episode of pneumonia. Conclusion: Oral assessment, VE and VF are necessary to evaluate swallowing in patients with suspected dysphagia. Swallowing function, especially as assessed by VE and VF, is more important than examination of the oral environment for evaluating risk of recurrent aspiration pneumonia in the elderly. In addition, multiple factors contribute to recurrent pneumonia in patients with a good oral environment, including subclinical aspiration, pharyngeal clearance and delayed activation of the gag reflex.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Deglutition/physiology ; Oral Health ; Deglutition Disorders ; Endoscopy ; Pneumonia, Aspiration
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-06
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2364924-0
ISSN	1178-1998 ; 1176-9092
ISSN (online)	1178-1998
ISSN	1176-9092
DOI	10.2147/CIA.S400032
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Article ; Online: Application of Neck Lift Technique for Corrections of Concave Deformity and Scar Contracture After Tracheal Fenestration.

Sakata, Kensuke / Rikimaru, Hideaki / Rikimaru-Nishi, Yukiko / Migita, Hisashi / Kiyokawa, Kensuke

The Journal of craniofacial surgery

2021 Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) 913–915

Abstract: Abstract: Following a tracheostomy or tracheal fenestration procedure, neck concave deformity, and contracture after spontaneous closure are common problems. Since the neck is an exposed part of the body, its concave deformity can cause cosmetic ... ...

Abstract	Abstract: Following a tracheostomy or tracheal fenestration procedure, neck concave deformity, and contracture after spontaneous closure are common problems. Since the neck is an exposed part of the body, its concave deformity can cause cosmetic problems and functional problems such as difficulty in neck extension and swallowing due to contracture. We report the case of a 63-year-old man who underwent tracheal fenestration for worsening respiratory status due to sepsis after aspiration pneumonia. After spontaneous closure of the tracheal fenestration, the patient developed a deformity of the neck, impaired neck extension, and dysphagia due to contracture. In this case, the submental sagging skin was used as a subcutaneous pedicle flap to correct the problem, and the result was both functionally and cosmetically satisfactory. We found that the submandibular skin could be used as a random pattern flap for reconstruction of the lower half of the neck. Therefore, this procedure can be an effective method for reconstruction around the tracheal stoma in the future.
MeSH term(s)	Burns/surgery ; Cicatrix/etiology ; Cicatrix/surgery ; Contracture/etiology ; Contracture/surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck/surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures/methods ; Skin Transplantation/adverse effects ; Surgical Flaps/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1159501-2
ISSN	1536-3732 ; 1049-2275
ISSN (online)	1536-3732
ISSN	1049-2275
DOI	10.1097/SCS.0000000000008046
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Zs.A 3761: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: A case of recurrent endometrial cancer with long-term complete remission following pembrolizumab-induced severe immune-related adverse event colitis.

Yamamoto, Akiko / Nagashima, Takeo / Imai, Yoshinari / Akitsu, Kensuke / Yamanaka, Zenta / Nishi, Hirotaka

The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research

2022 Volume 48, Issue 10, Page(s) 2630–2634

Abstract: Endometrial cancer is generally diagnosed at an early stage and has a good prognosis, although once it recurs, the prognosis is poor because of few therapeutic options. Since endometrial cancer has a high frequency of microsatellite instability-high/ ... ...

Abstract	Endometrial cancer is generally diagnosed at an early stage and has a good prognosis, although once it recurs, the prognosis is poor because of few therapeutic options. Since endometrial cancer has a high frequency of microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair deficiency, the anti-PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab is expected to be one of the key therapeutic agents for recurrent endometrial cancer. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are autoimmune-like unique and occasionally life-threatening side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here, we report a rare case of recurrent endometrial cancer that showed long-term complete remission after developing relapsing severe irAE colitis following the introduction of pembrolizumab.
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Colitis/chemically induced ; Colitis/drug therapy ; Endometrial Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ; pembrolizumab (DPT0O3T46P)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-08
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	1327307-3
ISSN	1447-0756 ; 1341-8076
ISSN (online)	1447-0756
ISSN	1341-8076
DOI	10.1111/jog.15346
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Article ; Online: Inhibitory Effect of Pyra-Metho-Carnil on Cancer Spheroid Growth Through Decrease in Glycolysis-associated Molecules.

Yoshida, Kazumasa / Nishi, Kensuke / Ishikura, Shuhei / Matsumoto, Taichi / Nakabayashi, Kazuhiko / Yazaki, Ryo / Ohshima, Takashi / Suenaga, Masahiko / Shirasawa, Senji / Tsunoda, Toshiyuki

Anticancer research

2023 Volume 43, Issue 8, Page(s) 3717–3726

Abstract: Background/aim: Pyra-Metho-Carnil (PMC) has been identified as a novel candidate compound for treating numerous malignancies; however, its mechanism of action remains unknown. In this study, we conducted RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses to elucidate ... ...

Abstract	Background/aim: Pyra-Metho-Carnil (PMC) has been identified as a novel candidate compound for treating numerous malignancies; however, its mechanism of action remains unknown. In this study, we conducted RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses to elucidate the mechanism of PMC against human colorectal cancer cells harboring mutant KRAS (mtKRAS). Materials and methods: RNA-seq analyses of the HKe3-wild-type KRAS and HKe3-mtKRAS spheroids treated with DMSO or PMC for 6 days were performed. Results: RNA-seq data suggested that PMC treatment suppresses the aerobic glycolysis pathway in HKe3-mtKRAS spheroids through the down-regulation of the HIF1 pathway. Indeed, treatment with PMC markedly suppresses the absorption of glucose by spheroids and the secretion of lactate from them. Conclusion: PMC suppresses growth of cancer spheroid through down-regulation of cancer-specific glucose metabolism.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics ; Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Glycolysis
Chemical Substances	Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) (EC 3.6.5.2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-26
Publishing country	Greece
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604549-2
ISSN	1791-7530 ; 0250-7005
ISSN (online)	1791-7530
ISSN	0250-7005
DOI	10.21873/anticanres.16556
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Zs.A 1642: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Epipharyngeal Abrasive Therapy Down-regulates the Expression of Cav1.2: A Key Molecule in Influenza Virus Entry.

Nishi, Kensuke / Yoshimoto, Shohei / Nishi, Soichiro / Nishi, Tatsuro / Nishi, Ryushiro / Tsunoda, Toshiyuki / Morita, Hiromitsu / Tanaka, Hiroaki / Hotta, Osamu / Yasumasu, Susumu / Hiromatsu, Kenji / Shirasawa, Senji / Nakagawa, Takashi / Yamano, Takafumi

In vivo (Athens, Greece)

2022 Volume 36, Issue 5, Page(s) 2357–2364

Abstract: Background/aim: Influenza A virus (IAV) infection causes an inflammatory response to the respiratory mucosa. The viral glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) binds to the sialylated voltage-dependent Ca: Patients and methods: The study subjects were seven ... ...

Abstract	Background/aim: Influenza A virus (IAV) infection causes an inflammatory response to the respiratory mucosa. The viral glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) binds to the sialylated voltage-dependent Ca Patients and methods: The study subjects were seven patients who had not been treated with EAT and 11 patients who had. For the immunohistochemical assessment of the epipharyngeal mucosa, the staining intensity of Cav1.2 was described using the immunohistochemical score (IHC score). Results: The IHC scores for Cav1.2 in the EAT-treated group was 4.19-fold lower than those in the non-treated group (p=0.0034). Conclusion: EAT down-regulates the expression of Cav1.2, a key cell surface molecule in influenza virus entry via squamous metaplasia. Thus, EAT may be a simple method for preventing influenza infection.
MeSH term(s)	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/chemistry ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/metabolism ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; Influenza, Human ; Metaplasia
Chemical Substances	Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-13
Publishing country	Greece
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	807031-3
ISSN	1791-7549 ; 0258-851X
ISSN (online)	1791-7549
ISSN	0258-851X
DOI	10.21873/invivo.12967
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Zs.A 2288: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Epipharyngeal Abrasive Therapy (EAT) Reduces the mRNA Expression of Major Proinflammatory Cytokine IL-6 in Chronic Epipharyngitis.

Nishi, Kensuke / Yoshimoto, Shohei / Nishi, Soichiro / Nishi, Tatsuro / Nishi, Ryushiro / Tanaka, Takayuki / Tsunoda, Toshiyuki / Imai, Kazuaki / Tanaka, Hiroaki / Hotta, Osamu / Tanaka, Ayaki / Hiromatsu, Kenji / Shirasawa, Senji / Nakagawa, Takashi / Yamano, Takafumi

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 16

Abstract: The epipharynx, located behind the nasal cavity, is responsible for upper respiratory tract immunity; however, it is also the site of frequent acute and chronic inflammation. Previous reports have suggested that chronic epipharyngitis is involved not ... ...

Abstract	The epipharynx, located behind the nasal cavity, is responsible for upper respiratory tract immunity; however, it is also the site of frequent acute and chronic inflammation. Previous reports have suggested that chronic epipharyngitis is involved not only in local symptoms such as cough and postnasal drip, but also in systemic inflammatory diseases such as IgA nephropathy and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long COVID. Epipharyngeal Abrasive Therapy (EAT), which is an effective treatment for chronic epipharyngitis in Japan, is reported to be effective for these intractable diseases. The sedation of chronic epipharyngitis by EAT induces suppression of the inflammatory cytokines and improves systemic symptoms, which is considered to be one of the mechanisms, but there is no report that has proved this hypothesis. The purpose of this study was to clarify the anti-inflammatory effect of EAT histologically. The study subjects were 8 patients who were not treated with EAT and 11 patients who were treated with EAT for chronic epipharyngitis for 1 month or more. For immunohistochemical assessment, the expression pattern of IL-6 mRNA, which plays a central role in the human cytokine network, was analyzed using in situ hybridization. The expression of IL-6 in the EAT-treated group was significantly lower than those in the EAT nontreated group (
MeSH term(s)	Cytokines/genetics ; Humans ; Interleukin-6/genetics ; Pharyngitis/therapy ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; Interleukin-6 ; RNA, Messenger
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms23169205
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Article ; Online: Epipharyngeal Abrasive Therapy (EAT) Has Potential as a Novel Method for Long COVID Treatment.

Imai, Kazuaki / Yamano, Takafumi / Nishi, Soichiro / Nishi, Ryushiro / Nishi, Tatsuro / Tanaka, Hiroaki / Tsunoda, Toshiyuki / Yoshimoto, Shohei / Tanaka, Ayaki / Hiromatsu, Kenji / Shirasawa, Senji / Nakagawa, Takashi / Nishi, Kensuke

Viruses

2022 Volume 14, Issue 5

Abstract: COVID-19 often causes sequelae after initial recovery, referred to collectively as long COVID. Long COVID is considered to be caused by the persistence of chronic inflammation after acute COVID-19 infection. We found that all long COVID patients had ... ...

Abstract	COVID-19 often causes sequelae after initial recovery, referred to collectively as long COVID. Long COVID is considered to be caused by the persistence of chronic inflammation after acute COVID-19 infection. We found that all long COVID patients had residual inflammation in the epipharynx, an important site of coronavirus replication, and some long COVID symptoms are similar to those associated with chronic epipharyngitis. Epipharyngeal abrasive therapy (EAT) is a treatment for chronic epipharyngitis in Japan that involves applying zinc chloride as an anti-inflammatory agent to the epipharyngeal mucosa. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of EAT for the treatment of long COVID. The subjects in this study were 58 patients with long COVID who were treated with EAT in the outpatient department once a week for one month (mean age = 38.4 ± 12.9 years). The intensities of fatigue, headache, and attention disorder, which are reported as frequent symptoms of long COVID, were assessed before and after EAT using the visual analog scale (VAS). EAT reduced inflammation in the epipharynx and significantly improved the intensity of fatigue, headache, and attention disorder, which may be related to myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). These results suggest that EAT has potential as a novel method for long COVID treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/therapy ; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic ; Headache ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Middle Aged
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v14050907
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