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  1. Article ; Online: Whiteflies can excrete insecticide-tainted honeydew on tomatoes.

    Quesada, Carlos R / Scharf, Michael E

    Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

    2023  Volume 337, Page(s) 122527

    Abstract: Whiteflies are important insect pests in a wide variety of agricultural crops that are targeted with large quantities of insecticides on a global scale. Chemical control is the most common strategy to manage whiteflies, however, recent studies had ... ...

    Abstract Whiteflies are important insect pests in a wide variety of agricultural crops that are targeted with large quantities of insecticides on a global scale. Chemical control is the most common strategy to manage whiteflies, however, recent studies had reported that whiteflies and other hemipterans can excrete insecticides through their honeydew, which could have unanticipated, non-target effects. The objective of this study was to determine the concentration of imidacloprid in honeydew excreted by whiteflies feeding on tomato plants. Imidacloprid was applied at its labeled rate to soil at the base of whitefly-infested plants. Densities of whiteflies were assessed before insecticide treatment and 21 days after treatment (DAT). Honeydew was collected in Petri dishes from 1 to 4 DAT and from 5 to 8 DAT. The volume of the honeydew was calculated using stereo microscopy and then rinsed with ethanol. The rinsates were analyzed to determine imidacloprid concentration using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Honeydew production was further quantified by using water sensitive papers. Imidacloprid reduced densities of nymph and adult whiteflies by 81.5% and 76.0% compared to the control at 21DAT. The non-metabolized parent compound imidacloprid was detected from honeydew samples at both collection dates. At 1-4 DAT, imidacloprid concentrations were 180 ng/30 mL in a volume of 39 mm
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Insecticides/pharmacology ; Hemiptera ; Solanum lycopersicum ; Neonicotinoids ; Nitro Compounds ; Insecta
    Chemical Substances Insecticides ; imidacloprid (3BN7M937V8) ; Neonicotinoids ; Nitro Compounds
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 280652-6
    ISSN 1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    ISSN (online) 1873-6424
    ISSN 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122527
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2599: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Intercolony Comparisons of Gut Microbiome Composition From Lab Reared Eastern Subterranean Termites (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae).

    Sapkota, R / Scharf, M E

    Journal of insect science (Online)

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 2

    Abstract: Termites are social insects living in colonies composed of worker, soldier, and reproductive castes. Termite hindguts are inhabited by all three domains of life- Eukarya (protists), Bacteria, and Archaea. These gut microorganisms are horizontally and ... ...

    Abstract Termites are social insects living in colonies composed of worker, soldier, and reproductive castes. Termite hindguts are inhabited by all three domains of life- Eukarya (protists), Bacteria, and Archaea. These gut microorganisms are horizontally and vertically transferred by nestmates and reproductives, respectively. Prior evidence suggests that every colony potentially has a different gut microbiome that was transferred vertically and horizontally over time. However, we do not know if different colonies reared in the laboratory on the same diet will ultimately demonstrate similar microbial composition and structure. Therefore, we looked at gut bacteria in Eastern subterranean termite (Reticulitermes flavipes) colonies that were reared in the laboratory with identical diets and rearing conditions. Based on16S rRNA gene sequencing, the observed features, and Shannon's diversity were significantly different between the colonies while differences in Pielou evenness and Faith phylogenetic diversity were not statistically significant. In addition, the microbial community structures were significantly different between colonies. Based on ANCOM (Analysis of Composition of Microbiomes), the taxa Elizabethkingia (Bacteroidetes: Flavobacteriales) and Chryseobacterium (Bacteroidetes: Flavobacteriales) were differentially abundant between the colonies. These results suggest that providing the exact same diet and rearing environment for >2 yr cannot result in identical gut microbiomes between termite colonies.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bacteria/genetics ; Cockroaches ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Isoptera/genetics ; Phylogeny
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2049098-7
    ISSN 1536-2442 ; 1536-2442
    ISSN (online) 1536-2442
    ISSN 1536-2442
    DOI 10.1093/jisesa/ieac015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Cryo-EM structure of flagellotropic bacteriophage Chi.

    Sonani, Ravi R / Esteves, Nathaniel C / Scharf, Birgit E / Egelman, Edward H

    Structure (London, England : 1993)

    2024  

    Abstract: The flagellotropic bacteriophage χ (Chi) infects bacteria via the flagellar filament. Despite years of study, its structural architecture remains partly characterized. Through cryo-EM, we unveil χ's nearly complete structure, encompassing capsid, neck, ... ...

    Abstract The flagellotropic bacteriophage χ (Chi) infects bacteria via the flagellar filament. Despite years of study, its structural architecture remains partly characterized. Through cryo-EM, we unveil χ's nearly complete structure, encompassing capsid, neck, tail, and tail tip. While the capsid and tail resemble phage YSD1, the neck and tail tip reveal new proteins and their arrangement. The neck shows a unique conformation of the tail tube protein, forming a socket-like structure for attachment to the neck. The tail tip comprises four proteins, including distal tail protein (DTP), two baseplate hub proteins (BH1P and BH2P), and tail tip assembly protein (TAP) exhibiting minimal organization compared to other siphophages. Deviating from the consensus in other siphophages, DTP in χ forms a trimeric assembly, reducing tail symmetry from 6-fold to 3-fold at the tip. These findings illuminate the previously unexplored structural organization of χ's neck and tail tip.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1213087-4
    ISSN 1878-4186 ; 0969-2126
    ISSN (online) 1878-4186
    ISSN 0969-2126
    DOI 10.1016/j.str.2024.03.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4141: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: Seasonal impacts on gut microbial composition of the Eastern subterranean termite (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae).

    Sapkota, Rajani / Nakatsu, Cindy H / Scharf, Michael E

    Environmental entomology

    2024  

    Abstract: Termite hindguts are inhabited by symbionts that help with numerous processes, but changes in the gut microbiome due to season can potentially impact the physiology of termites. This study investigated the impact of seasonal changes on the composition of ...

    Abstract Termite hindguts are inhabited by symbionts that help with numerous processes, but changes in the gut microbiome due to season can potentially impact the physiology of termites. This study investigated the impact of seasonal changes on the composition of bacteria and protozoa in the termite gut. Termites were obtained monthly from May to October 2020 at a location in the central United States that typically experiences seasonal air temperatures ranging from < 0 to > 30 °C. The guts of 10 termites per biological replication were dissected and frozen within 1 day after collections. DNA was extracted from the frozen gut tissues and used for termite 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene analysis and bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequence surveys. Phylogenetic analysis of termite 16S rRNA gene sequences verified that the same colony was sampled across all time points. On processing bacterial 16S sequences, we observed alpha (observed features, Pielou's evenness, and Shannon diversity) and beta diversity (unweighted Unifrac, Bray-Curtis, and Jaccard) metrics to vary significantly across months. Based on the analysis of the composition of microbiomes with bias correction (ANCOM-BC) at the genus level, we found several significant bacterial taxa over collection months. In addition, Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated that 41 bacterial taxa were significantly correlated (positively and negatively) with average soil temperature. These results from a single termite colony suggest termite microbial communities go through seasonal changes in relative abundance related to temperature, although other seasonal effects cannot be excluded. Further investigations are required to conclusively define the consistency of microbial variation among different colonies with season.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120799-4
    ISSN 1938-2936 ; 0046-2268 ; 0046-225X
    ISSN (online) 1938-2936
    ISSN 0046-2268 ; 0046-225X
    DOI 10.1093/ee/nvae028
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 2779: Show issues

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  5. Article ; Online: The Prominent Pioneering 'Plateleteer': Reflections on and Personal Reminiscences of Gustav V. R. Born (1921-2018).

    Scharf, Rüdiger E

    Hamostaseologie

    2019  Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 107–114

    Abstract: Among the pioneers in platelet research, Gustav Born was perhaps the most prominent representative, just a real "plateleteer". He achieved scientific fame for the invention and application of light transmission aggregometry. Importantly, he paved the way ...

    Abstract Among the pioneers in platelet research, Gustav Born was perhaps the most prominent representative, just a real "plateleteer". He achieved scientific fame for the invention and application of light transmission aggregometry. Importantly, he paved the way for contemporary antiplatelet therapy. Integrating his fundamental knowledge of platelet biology into the pathology of vascular disorders, Born provided seminal contributions to the understanding of atherogenesis and thrombogenesis. He also generated visions for pharmacological strategies that, nowadays, are translated into reality. Inside and outside of science, Born was a great man. He had a deeply held belief in humanity. In this article, his life, scientific career and achievements are appreciated together with personal reminiscences of this outstanding personality.
    MeSH term(s) Blood Platelets ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Pathology/history
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-27
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Biography ; Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Portrait
    ZDB-ID 801512-0
    ISSN 2567-5761 ; 0720-9355
    ISSN (online) 2567-5761
    ISSN 0720-9355
    DOI 10.1055/s-0039-1688920
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1631: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article: Platelet pathology and antiplatelet strategies. Resolved and unresolved issues.

    Scharf, R E

    Hamostaseologie

    2016  Volume 36, Issue 1, Page(s) 7–8

    MeSH term(s) Blood Platelet Disorders/diagnosis ; Blood Platelet Disorders/drug therapy ; Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis ; Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy ; Fibrinolytic Agents/administration & dosage ; Humans ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/administration & dosage
    Chemical Substances Fibrinolytic Agents ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Editorial ; Introductory Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 801512-0
    ISSN 0720-9355
    ISSN 0720-9355
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1631: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Answering the Rehabilitation 2030 Call.

    Hillaker, Emily / Bova, Michael / Libby, Jina / Tricarico, Maria / Andrews, Patrick / Scharf, Rebecca

    PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation

    2024  

    Abstract: In 2017, the World Health Organization initiated a global effort to improve rehabilitative services by 2030, with the overall goal of helping individuals with disabilities achieve maximal independence and improved well-being. Though more than 1 billion ... ...

    Abstract In 2017, the World Health Organization initiated a global effort to improve rehabilitative services by 2030, with the overall goal of helping individuals with disabilities achieve maximal independence and improved well-being. Though more than 1 billion people worldwide live with a disability, a significant portion do not have access to appropriate rehabilitative services. In low-income countries, such as Zambia, where rehabilitative services are greatly lacking, disability can further exacerbate economic disparities in the context of personal, cultural, and environmental factors that limit participation in society. Therefore, expansion of rehabilitative services in low-income countries is a pressing global need, and such efforts must be tailored to the societal and cultural framework in which they are implemented. Community-based rehabilitation programs are uniquely poised to provide services in similar low-to-middle-income countries as they eliminate travel barriers to care, allow for regular follow-up, and address the societal determinants of disability by encouraging greater community engagement and by decreasing cultural stigma around disability. Special Hope Network (SHN), a community-based rehabilitation organization in Lusaka, Zambia that serves families caring for children with physical and cognitive disabilities, represents a cost-effective, sustainable, and culturally practical model to provide rehabilitative care. We propose this organization's model as one that can be reproduced and expanded upon in other low-to-middle-income countries to answer the World Health Organization's call to action.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2608988-9
    ISSN 1934-1563 ; 1934-1482
    ISSN (online) 1934-1563
    ISSN 1934-1482
    DOI 10.1002/pmrj.13160
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6951: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article: Von Willebrand factor, hemostasis and inflammation.

    Scharf, R E

    Hamostaseologie

    2015  Volume 35, Issue 3, Page(s) 209–210

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Arteries/immunology ; Hemostasis/immunology ; Humans ; Inflammation/immunology ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Models, Immunological ; von Willebrand Factor/immunology
    Chemical Substances von Willebrand Factor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Editorial ; Introductory Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 801512-0
    ISSN 0720-9355
    ISSN 0720-9355
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1631: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article: Coagulation disorders - recent lessons from clinical conditions.

    Scharf, R E

    Hamostaseologie

    2015  Volume 35, Issue 4, Page(s) 301–302

    MeSH term(s) Anticoagulants/adverse effects ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use ; Blood Coagulation Disorders/complications ; Blood Coagulation Disorders/drug therapy ; Blood Coagulation Disorders/immunology ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Fibrinolytic Agents/adverse effects ; Fibrinolytic Agents/therapeutic use ; Hemorrhage/chemically induced ; Hemorrhage/immunology ; Hemorrhage/prevention & control ; Humans ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator/adverse effects ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Unnecessary Procedures
    Chemical Substances Anticoagulants ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator (EC 3.4.21.68)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Editorial ; Introductory Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 801512-0
    ISSN 0720-9355
    ISSN 0720-9355
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1631: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  10. Article: Die Ambivalenz des Fortschritts - ist weniger mehr?*. *Auszug aus der programmatischen Eröffnungsansprache zum 59. Jahreskongress der GTH 2015.

    Scharf, R E

    Hamostaseologie

    2015  Volume 35, Issue 4, Page(s) 376–377

    Abstract: Economizing health care systems has led to industrialized hospitals. The consequences and side effects are substantial and rather promote costs explosion due to the dictated increase in cases and efficiency. Hence, position sensing and change in ... ...

    Title translation The ambivalence of progress - do we need a less-is-more strategy?**. **Extract from the programmtic opening speech delivered at the 59th Annual GTH Congress 2015.
    Abstract Economizing health care systems has led to industrialized hospitals. The consequences and side effects are substantial and rather promote costs explosion due to the dictated increase in cases and efficiency. Hence, position sensing and change in direction are required. Effective ways to find out of the current crisis are discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Delivery of Health Care/economics ; Germany ; Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data ; Health Care Sector/economics ; Hematologic Diseases/diagnosis ; Hematologic Diseases/economics ; Hematologic Diseases/therapy ; Medical Overuse/economics ; Medical Overuse/prevention & control ; Unnecessary Procedures/economics
    Language German
    Publishing date 2015
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 801512-0
    ISSN 0720-9355
    ISSN 0720-9355
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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