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Article: Expert consensus on nutrition and lower-carbohydrate diets: An evidence- and equity-based approach to dietary guidance.

Volek, Jeff S / Yancy, William S / Gower, Barbara A / Phinney, Stephen D / Slavin, Joanne / Koutnik, Andrew P / Hurn, Michelle / Spinner, Jovonni / Cucuzzella, Mark / Hecht, Frederick M

Frontiers in nutrition

2024 Volume 11, Page(s) 1376098

Abstract: There is a substantial body of clinical evidence supporting the beneficial effects of lower-carbohydrate dietary patterns on multiple established risk factors associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases in adult populations. Nutrition ... ...

Abstract	There is a substantial body of clinical evidence supporting the beneficial effects of lower-carbohydrate dietary patterns on multiple established risk factors associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases in adult populations. Nutrition and health researchers, clinical practitioners, and stakeholders gathered for, "The Scientific Forum on Nutrition, Wellness, and Lower-Carbohydrate Diets: An Evidence- and Equity-Based Approach to Dietary Guidance" to discuss the evidence base around lower-carbohydrate diets, health outcomes, and dietary guidance. Consensus statements were agreed upon to identify current areas of scientific agreement and spotlight gaps in research, education, and practice to help define and prioritize future pathways. Given the evidence base and considering that most American adults are living with at least one nutrition-related chronic disease, there was consensus that including a lower-carbohydrate dietary pattern as one part of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans could help promote health equity among the general population.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2776676-7
ISSN	2296-861X
ISSN	2296-861X
DOI	10.3389/fnut.2024.1376098
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Article ; Online: Functional impairments characterizing mild, moderate, and severe hallux valgus.

Hurn, Sheree E / Vicenzino, Bill / Smith, Michelle D

Arthritis care & research

2015 Volume 67, Issue 1, Page(s) 80–88

Abstract: ... Multivariate analysis of covariance and pairwise comparisons (P < 0.05 after Bonferroni adjustment) were used ... differences: plantar flexion -45.8 N, abduction -12.3 N; P < 0.001) and severe HV (plantar flexion -50.1 N; P ... < 0.001, abduction -11.2 N; P = 0.01) compared to controls. A significant reduction in hallux peak ...

Abstract	Objective: Hallux valgus (HV) has been linked to functional disability and increased risk of falls, but mechanisms underpinning functional disability are unclear. This study investigated functional performance, muscle strength, and plantar pressures in adults with mild, moderate, and severe HV compared to controls, while considering the influence of foot pain. Methods: Sixty adults with HV (classified as mild, moderate, and severe on dorsalplantar radiographs) and 30 controls participated. Measures included hallux plantar flexion and abduction strength, walking performance, postural sway, and forefoot plantar pressures. Multivariate analysis of covariance and pairwise comparisons (P < 0.05 after Bonferroni adjustment) were used to investigate differences between groups, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and foot pain. Results: Hallux plantar flexion and abduction strength were significantly reduced in those with moderate (mean differences: plantar flexion -45.8 N, abduction -12.3 N; P < 0.001) and severe HV (plantar flexion -50.1 N; P < 0.001, abduction -11.2 N; P = 0.01) compared to controls. A significant reduction in hallux peak pressure and pressure-time integral was evident in moderate (peak pressure -90.8 kPa; P < 0.001) and severe HV (peak pressure -106.2 kPa; P < 0.001) compared to controls. Those with severe HV also demonstrated increased mediolateral postural sway in single leg stance compared to controls (3.5 cm; P = 0.01). Conclusion: Moderate to severe HV is associated with reduced hallux plantar pressures and strength measures, while relatively normal function compared to controls was found in those with mild deformity. Greater understanding of specific functional deficits associated with different stages of HV will help inform clinical management and future research.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Hallux Valgus/diagnosis ; Hallux Valgus/physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Strength/physiology ; Postural Balance/physiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Walking/physiology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	645059-3
ISSN	2151-4658 ; 0893-7524 ; 2151-464X
ISSN (online)	2151-4658
ISSN	0893-7524 ; 2151-464X
DOI	10.1002/acr.22380
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Article ; Online: Lone Star Stroke Consortium: A Collaborative State-Funded Model for Research.

Grotta, James C / Anderson, Jane A / Brey, Robin L / Kent, Thomas A / Hurn, Patricia D / Goldberg, Mark P / Savitz, Sean I / Cruz-Flores, Salvador / Warach, Steven J

Stroke

2020 Volume 51, Issue 12, Page(s) 3778–3786

MeSH term(s)	Academic Medical Centers ; Biomedical Research/economics ; Biomedical Research/organization & administration ; Cooperative Behavior ; Diffusion of Innovation ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; Multicenter Studies as Topic/methods ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Research Support as Topic/organization & administration ; State Government ; Stroke/therapy ; Telemedicine ; Texas
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80381-9
ISSN	1524-4628 ; 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
ISSN (online)	1524-4628
ISSN	0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
DOI	10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.031547
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Article ; Online: Evidence That the Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA) Subscales Should Not Be Scored: Bifactor Modelling, Reliability, and Validity in Clinical and Community Samples.

Raykos, Bronwyn / Erceg-Hurn, David / McEvoy, Peter / Byrne, Susan M

Assessment

2017 Volume 26, Issue 7, Page(s) 1260–1269

Abstract: Aim: ...

Abstract	Aim:
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patients ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/standards ; Psychometrics/methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Students ; Universities ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-09-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Validation Study
ZDB-ID	1362144-0
ISSN	1552-3489 ; 1073-1911
ISSN (online)	1552-3489
ISSN	1073-1911
DOI	10.1177/1073191117733546
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Article ; Online: Sex, sex steroids, and brain injury.

Herson, Paco S / Koerner, Ines P / Hurn, Patricia D

Seminars in reproductive medicine

2009 Volume 27, Issue 3, Page(s) 229–239

Abstract: Biologic sex and sex steroids are important factors in clinical and experimental stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Laboratory data strongly show that progesterone treatment after TBI reduces edema, improves outcomes, and restores blood-brain ... ...

Abstract	Biologic sex and sex steroids are important factors in clinical and experimental stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Laboratory data strongly show that progesterone treatment after TBI reduces edema, improves outcomes, and restores blood-brain barrier function. Clinical studies to date agree with these data, and there are ongoing human trials for progesterone treatment after TBI. Estrogen has accumulated an impressive reputation as a neuroprotectant when evaluated at physiologically relevant doses in laboratory studies of stroke, but translation to patients remains to be shown. The role of androgens in male stroke or TBI is understudied and important to pursue given the epidemiology of stroke and trauma in men. To date, male sex steroids remain largely evaluated at the bench rather than the bedside. This review evaluates key evidence and highlights the importance of the platform on which brain injury occurs (i.e., genetic sex and hormonal modulators).
MeSH term(s)	Androgens/metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain/pathology ; Brain Injuries/metabolism ; Brain Injuries/pathology ; Brain Injuries/prevention & control ; Cell Death ; Cell Survival ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/metabolism ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/pathology ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Estradiol/metabolism ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/metabolism ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use ; Progesterone/metabolism ; Sex Factors
Chemical Substances	Androgens ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Progesterone (4G7DS2Q64Y) ; Estradiol (4TI98Z838E)
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-04-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2042479-6
ISSN	1526-4564 ; 1526-8004
ISSN (online)	1526-4564
ISSN	1526-8004
DOI	10.1055/s-0029-1216276
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Article ; Online: Transportability of imagery-enhanced CBT for social anxiety disorder.

McEvoy, Peter M / Erceg-Hurn, David M / Barber, Kevin C / Dupasquier, Jessica R / Moscovitch, David A

Behaviour research and therapy

2018 Volume 106, Page(s) 86–94

Abstract: ... and non-significant on the primary outcome (social interaction anxiety, d = 0.09, p = .752 ...

Abstract	Pilot and open trials suggest that imagery-enhanced group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is highly effective for social anxiety disorder (SAD). However, before being considered reliable and generalisable, the effects of the intervention need to be replicated by clinicians in a setting that is independent of the protocol developers. The current study compared outcomes from clients with a principal diagnosis of SAD at the Australian clinic where the protocol was developed (n = 123) to those from an independent Canadian clinic (n = 46) to investigate whether the large effects would generalise. Trainee clinicians from the independent clinic ran the groups using the treatment protocol without any input from its developers. The treatment involved 12 2-h group sessions plus a one-month follow-up. Treatment retention was comparable across both clinics (74% vs. 78%, ≥9/12 sessions) and the between-site effect size was very small and non-significant on the primary outcome (social interaction anxiety, d = 0.09, p = .752). Within-group effect sizes were very large in both settings (ds = 2.05 vs. 2.19), and a substantial minority (41%-44%) achieved clinically significant improvement at follow-up. Replication of treatment effects within an independent clinic and with trainee clinicians increases confidence that outcomes are generalisable.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Imagery (Psychotherapy)/methods ; Male ; Phobia, Social/psychology ; Phobia, Social/therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	211997-3
ISSN	1873-622X ; 0005-7967
ISSN (online)	1873-622X
ISSN	0005-7967
DOI	10.1016/j.brat.2018.05.007
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Article: Neuroprotection of sex steroids.

Liu, M / Kelley, M H / Herson, P S / Hurn, P D

Minerva endocrinologica

2010 Volume 35, Issue 2, Page(s) 127–143

Abstract: Sex steroids are essential for reproduction and development in animals and humans, and sex steroids also play an important role in neuroprotection following brain injury. New data indicate that sex-specific responses to brain injury occur at the cellular ...

Abstract	Sex steroids are essential for reproduction and development in animals and humans, and sex steroids also play an important role in neuroprotection following brain injury. New data indicate that sex-specific responses to brain injury occur at the cellular and molecular levels. This review summarizes the current understanding of neuroprotection by sex steroids, particularly estrogen, androgen, and progesterone, based on both in vitro and in vivo studies. Better understanding of the role of sex steroids under physiological and pathological conditions will help us to develop novel effective therapeutic strategies for brain injury.
MeSH term(s)	Androgens/metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain/pathology ; Brain Injuries/drug therapy ; Estrogens/metabolism ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/metabolism ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Neuroprotective Agents/metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use ; Progesterone/metabolism ; Wound Healing
Chemical Substances	Androgens ; Estrogens ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Progesterone (4G7DS2Q64Y)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-10-01
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	423687-7
ISSN	0391-1977
ISSN	0391-1977
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Article ; Online: Gender and the injured brain.

Vagnerova, Kamila / Koerner, Ines P / Hurn, Patricia D

Anesthesia and analgesia

2008 Volume 107, Issue 1, Page(s) 201–214

Abstract: Anesthesiologists are frequently confronted with patients who are at risk for neurological complications due to perioperative stroke or prior traumatic brain injury. In this review, we address the growing and fascinating body of data that suggests gender ...

Abstract	Anesthesiologists are frequently confronted with patients who are at risk for neurological complications due to perioperative stroke or prior traumatic brain injury. In this review, we address the growing and fascinating body of data that suggests gender and sex steroids influence the pathophysiology of injury and outcome for these patients. Cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, and epilepsy are reviewed in the context of potential sex differences in mechanisms and outcomes of brain injury and the role of estrogen, progesterone, and androgens in shaping these processes. Lastly, implications for current and future perioperative and intensive care are identified.
MeSH term(s)	Brain Injuries/drug therapy ; Brain Injuries/physiopathology ; Brain Ischemia/drug therapy ; Brain Ischemia/physiopathology ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Critical Care ; Epilepsy/drug therapy ; Epilepsy/physiopathology ; Estradiol/physiology ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/physiology ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use ; Preoperative Care ; Progesterone/physiology ; Progesterone/therapeutic use ; Sex Characteristics ; Signal Transduction ; Stroke/drug therapy ; Stroke/physiopathology ; Testosterone/physiology
Chemical Substances	Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Testosterone (3XMK78S47O) ; Progesterone (4G7DS2Q64Y) ; Estradiol (4TI98Z838E)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-07-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
ZDB-ID	80032-6
ISSN	1526-7598 ; 0003-2999
ISSN (online)	1526-7598
ISSN	0003-2999
DOI	10.1213/ane.0b013e31817326a5
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Article: Effect of experimental stroke on peripheral immunity: CNS ischemia induces profound immunosuppression.

Offner, H / Vandenbark, A A / Hurn, P D

Neuroscience

2008 Volume 158, Issue 3, Page(s) 1098–1111

Abstract: The profound damage to the CNS caused by ischemic lesions has been well documented. Yet, relatively little is known about the contribution to and effects on the immune system during stroke. We have focused on both early and late events in the peripheral ... ...

Abstract	The profound damage to the CNS caused by ischemic lesions has been well documented. Yet, relatively little is known about the contribution to and effects on the immune system during stroke. We have focused on both early and late events in the peripheral immune system during stroke in mice and have observed an early activation of splenocytes that conceivably could result in immune-mediated damage in the developing CNS lesion, followed by global immunosuppression that affects the spleen, thymus, lymph nodes and circulation. While this second immunosuppressive phase may not directly enhance infarction size, it without doubt leads to an inability to respond to antigenic challenges, thereby enhancing the risk for crippling systemic infection and septicemia in stroke survivors. These novel findings advocate the need to develop or effectively utilize agents that can block early neural splenic activation and modulate immune cells specific for brain antigens as a means to prevent mobilization of T and B cells carrying a cytokine death warrant to the brain. Equally important for the recovering stroke patient are approaches that can derail the second phase of immune dysfunction and restore the ability to mount a defense against systemic infectious insults.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brain Ischemia/immunology ; Brain Ischemia/physiopathology ; Cell Death/immunology ; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/immunology ; Cytokines/immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Immune System/immunology ; Immune System/physiopathology ; Immune Tolerance/immunology ; Mice ; Rats ; Spleen/immunology ; Spleen/pathology ; Spleen/physiopathology ; Stroke/immunology ; Stroke/physiopathology
Chemical Substances	Cytokines
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-07-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
ZDB-ID	196739-3
ISSN	1873-7544 ; 0306-4522
ISSN (online)	1873-7544
ISSN	0306-4522
DOI	10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.05.033
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Article: Effects of gender and sex steroids on ischemic injury.

McCullough, Louise D / Koerner, Ines P / Hurn, Patricia D

Handbook of clinical neurology

2009 Volume 92, Page(s) 149–169

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brain Ischemia/drug therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use ; Sex Factors
Chemical Substances	Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Neuroprotective Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2009
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
ISSN	0072-9752
ISSN	0072-9752
DOI	10.1016/S0072-9752(08)01908-8
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