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  1. Article: Developments in Fungal Serology.

    White, P Lewis

    Current fungal infection reports

    2023  , Page(s) 1–12

    Abstract: Purpose of review: The true incidence of fungal disease is hampered by conventionally poor diagnostic tests, limited access to advanced diagnostics, and limited surveillance. The availability of serological testing has been available for over two ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: The true incidence of fungal disease is hampered by conventionally poor diagnostic tests, limited access to advanced diagnostics, and limited surveillance. The availability of serological testing has been available for over two decades and generally underpins the modern diagnosis of the most common forms of fungal disease. This review will focus on technical developments of serological tests for the diagnosis of fungal disease, describing advances in clinical performance when available.
    Recent findings: Despite their longevity, technical, clinical, and performance limitations remain, and tests specific for fungal pathogens outside the main pathogens are lacking. The availability of LFA and automated systems, capable of running multiple different tests, represents significant developments, but clinical performance data is variable and limited.
    Summary: Fungal serology has significantly advanced the diagnosis of the main fungal infections, with LFA availability increasing accessibility to testing. Combination testing has the potential to overcome performance limitations.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2391647-3
    ISSN 1936-377X ; 1936-3761
    ISSN (online) 1936-377X
    ISSN 1936-3761
    DOI 10.1007/s12281-023-00462-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Polymerase Chain Reaction of Plasma and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid for Diagnosing Invasive Aspergillosis.

    White, P Lewis / Donnelly, J Peter

    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

    2023  Volume 77, Issue 9, Page(s) 1291–1293

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Aspergillosis/diagnosis ; Aspergillus/genetics ; Mannans/blood ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids
    Chemical Substances galactomannan (11078-30-1) ; Mannans ; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1099781-7
    ISSN 1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
    ISSN (online) 1537-6591
    ISSN 1058-4838
    DOI 10.1093/cid/ciad421
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Diagnosis of invasive fungal disease in coronavirus disease 2019: approaches and pitfalls.

    White, P Lewis

    Current opinion in infectious diseases

    2021  Volume 34, Issue 6, Page(s) 573–580

    Abstract: Purpose of review: This review will comment on the current knowledge for the diagnosis of the main causes of COVID-19-associated invasive fungal disease (IFD); it will discuss the optimal strategies and limitations and wherever available, will describe ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: This review will comment on the current knowledge for the diagnosis of the main causes of COVID-19-associated invasive fungal disease (IFD); it will discuss the optimal strategies and limitations and wherever available, will describe international recommendations.
    Recent findings: A range of secondary IFDs complicating COVID-19 infection have been described and while COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis was predicted, the presentation of significant numbers of COVID-19-associated candidosis and COVID-19-associated mucormycosis was somewhat unexpected. Given the range of IFDs and prolonged duration of risk, diagnostic strategies need to involve multiple tests for detecting and differentiating various causes of IFD. Although performance data for a range of tests to diagnose COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis is emerging, the performance of tests to diagnose other IFD is unknown or based on pre-COVID performance data.
    Summary: Because of the vast numbers of COVID-19 infections, IFD in COVID-19 critical-care patients represents a significant burden of disease, even if incidences are less than 5%. Optimal diagnosis of COVID-19-associated IFD requires a strategic approach. The pandemic has highlighted the potential impact of IFD outside of the typical high-risk clinical cohorts, given the ever-increasing population at risk of IFD and enhanced surveillance of fungal infections is required.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; Invasive Fungal Infections/diagnosis ; Mucormycosis ; Mycoses ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 645085-4
    ISSN 1473-6527 ; 1535-3877 ; 0951-7375 ; 1355-834X
    ISSN (online) 1473-6527 ; 1535-3877
    ISSN 0951-7375 ; 1355-834X
    DOI 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000791
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: HLA, MLR, P and Lewis antigens and living donor renal transplantation in a single centre in the Middle East.

    White, A G / Kumar, M S / Abouna, G M

    Tissue antigens

    1986  Volume 27, Issue 5, Page(s) 279–284

    Abstract: ... Lewis antigens. There was a significant difference in graft survival (P = .05) but only at 3, 4 and 5 ... from the identical or haploidentical groups. Compatibility or incompatibility for P or Lewis antigens did not ... were analysed for graft survival in relation to HLA matching, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), P and ...

    Abstract One hundred and fifty-one living donor renal transplants performed in a single centre in Kuwait were analysed for graft survival in relation to HLA matching, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), P and Lewis antigens. There was a significant difference in graft survival (P = .05) but only at 3, 4 and 5 years between HLA identical (97%, 94%, 94%) and haploidentical combinations (83%, 81% and 79%), respectively. The zero haplotype matched combinations were not significantly different in graft survival from the identical or haploidentical groups. Compatibility or incompatibility for P or Lewis antigens did not influence graft survival. The MLR was significant (P = .05) with the MLR negative recipients having 100% graft survival at 4 years compared to 84% in the MLR positive group. In conclusion with an overall actuarial graft survival of 84% at 6 years none of the factors examined 'dramatically' influenced graft survival. The 'Centre Effect' is the main factor influencing graft survival in our Centre.
    MeSH term(s) Blood Group Antigens ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; Graft Survival ; HLA Antigens/analysis ; HLA-A Antigens ; HLA-B Antigens ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Lewis Blood-Group System ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; P Blood-Group System
    Chemical Substances Blood Group Antigens ; HLA Antigens ; HLA-A Antigens ; HLA-B Antigens ; Lewis Blood-Group System ; P Blood-Group System
    Language English
    Publishing date 1986-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120440-3
    ISSN 1399-0039 ; 0001-2815
    ISSN (online) 1399-0039
    ISSN 0001-2815
    DOI 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1986.tb01533.x
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  5. Article ; Online: Incorporating the Detection of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated With Invasive Aspergillosis Into the Clinic.

    White, P Lewis / Price, Jessica S

    Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

    2022  Volume 12, Page(s) 860779

    Abstract: Exposure to fungi is inevitable, yet only a small number of patients with significant clinical risk develop invasive aspergillosis (IA). While timing of exposure in relation to immune status, environmental and occupational factors will influence the ... ...

    Abstract Exposure to fungi is inevitable, yet only a small number of patients with significant clinical risk develop invasive aspergillosis (IA). While timing of exposure in relation to immune status, environmental and occupational factors will influence the probability of developing IA, factors specific to the individual will likely play a role and variation in the host's genetic code associated with the immunological response to fungi have been linked to increased risk of developing IA. Screening for SNPs in genes significantly associated with IA (e.g. Pentraxin-3, Toll-like receptor 4, Dectin-1, DC-SIGN) could form part of the clinical work-up on admission or post allogeneic stem cell transplantation, to complement fungal biomarker screening. Through the combination of clinical and genetic risk with mycological evidence, we are approaching a time when we should be able to accurately predict the risk of IA in the haematology patient, using predictive modelling to stratifying each individual's management. Understanding the host and their immune responses to infection through genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics/proteomics is critical to achieving how we manage the individual's risk of IA, underpinning personalized medicine. This review will investigate what is known about the genetic risk associated with developing IA, primarily in haematology patients and whether these strategies are ready to be incorporated into routine clinical practice, and if not what are the remaining hurdles to implementation.
    MeSH term(s) Aspergillosis/diagnosis ; Aspergillosis/genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/etiology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects ; Humans ; Invasive Fungal Infections/diagnosis ; Invasive Fungal Infections/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2619676-1
    ISSN 2235-2988 ; 2235-2988
    ISSN (online) 2235-2988
    ISSN 2235-2988
    DOI 10.3389/fcimb.2022.860779
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Recent advances and novel approaches in laboratory-based diagnostic mycology.

    White, P Lewis

    Medical mycology

    2019  Volume 57, Issue Supplement_3, Page(s) S259–S266

    Abstract: The field of diagnostic mycology represents much more than culture and microscopy and is rapidly embracing novel techniques and strategies to help overcome the limitations of conventional approaches. Commercial molecular assays increase the applicability ...

    Abstract The field of diagnostic mycology represents much more than culture and microscopy and is rapidly embracing novel techniques and strategies to help overcome the limitations of conventional approaches. Commercial molecular assays increase the applicability of PCR testing and may identify markers of antifungal resistance, which are of great clinical concern. Lateral flow assays simplify testing and turn-around time, with potential for point of care testing, while proximity ligation assays embrace the sensitivity of molecular testing with the specificity of antibody detection. The first evidence of patient risk stratification is being described and together with the era of next generation sequencing represents an exciting time in mycology.
    MeSH term(s) Clinical Laboratory Techniques/trends ; Humans ; Mycology/trends ; Mycoses/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1421796-x
    ISSN 1460-2709 ; 1369-3786
    ISSN (online) 1460-2709
    ISSN 1369-3786
    DOI 10.1093/mmy/myy159
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  7. Article ; Online: [Response to Kounali

    White, P J / Lewis, J

    Epidemiology and infection

    2019  Volume 147, Page(s) e273

    MeSH term(s) Chlamydia trachomatis ; England ; Female ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Probability ; Scotland ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Wales
    Language Norwegian
    Publishing date 2019-09-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 632982-2
    ISSN 1469-4409 ; 0950-2688
    ISSN (online) 1469-4409
    ISSN 0950-2688
    DOI 10.1017/S0950268819001584
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  8. Article: First Nations Perspectives in Law-Making About Voluntary Assisted Dying.

    Lewis, Sophie / Willmott, Lindy / White, Ben P / La Brooy, Camille / Komesaroff, Paul

    Journal of law and medicine

    2023  Volume 29, Issue 4, Page(s) 1168–1181

    Abstract: Voluntary assisted dying laws have now been enacted in all six Australian States with reform being considered in the remaining two. While there is an emerging body of literature examining various aspects of regulation, there has been scant consideration ... ...

    Abstract Voluntary assisted dying laws have now been enacted in all six Australian States with reform being considered in the remaining two. While there is an emerging body of literature examining various aspects of regulation, there has been scant consideration of what these reforms mean for First Nations peoples, and to what extent their experiences have been considered in the process of developing legislation. This article provides a critical analysis of how Indigenous perspectives both contributed to, and were engaged with, during the law reform processes in Victoria and Western Australia, the first two States to grapple with this topic. Findings reveal the sophistication in how Indigenous organisations and individuals engaged with this issue and highlight the critical importance of not universalising Indigenous perspectives. Significantly, there was much greater engagement with Indigenous views in Western Australia than in Victoria. We conclude by considering how Indigenous voices can meaningfully influence Australian law reform processes.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Suicide, Assisted ; Victoria ; Western Australia
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-10
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1236328-5
    ISSN 1320-159X
    ISSN 1320-159X
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  9. Article ; Online: Letter to editor in response to Has

    White, P J / Lewis, J

    Epidemiology and infection

    2019  Volume 147, Page(s) e271

    MeSH term(s) Chlamydia Infections/epidemiology ; Chlamydia trachomatis ; England/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Scotland/epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Wales/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632982-2
    ISSN 1469-4409 ; 0950-2688
    ISSN (online) 1469-4409
    ISSN 0950-2688
    DOI 10.1017/S0950268819001572
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  10. Article ; Online: Recent Advances and Novel Approaches in Laboratory-Based Diagnostic Mycology.

    White, Lewis P / Price, Jessica S

    Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 7, Issue 1

    Abstract: What was once just culture and microscopy the field of diagnostic mycology has significantly advanced in recent years and continues to incorporate novel assays and strategies to meet the changes in clinical demand. The emergence of widespread resistance ... ...

    Abstract What was once just culture and microscopy the field of diagnostic mycology has significantly advanced in recent years and continues to incorporate novel assays and strategies to meet the changes in clinical demand. The emergence of widespread resistance to antifungal therapy has led to the development of a range of molecular tests that target mutations associated with phenotypic resistance, to complement classical susceptibility testing and initial applications of next-generation sequencing are being described. Lateral flow assays provide rapid results, with simplicity allowing the test to be performed outside specialist centres, potentially as point-of-care tests. Mycology has responded positively to an ever-diversifying patient population by rapidly identifying risk and developing diagnostic strategies to improve patient management. Nowadays, the diagnostic repertoire of the mycology laboratory employs classical, molecular and serological tests and should be keen to embrace diagnostic advancements that can improve diagnosis in this notoriously difficult field.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2784229-0
    ISSN 2309-608X ; 2309-608X
    ISSN (online) 2309-608X
    ISSN 2309-608X
    DOI 10.3390/jof7010041
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