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  1. Article ; Online: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE): The storm is coming.

    Zahar, Jean-Ralph / Blot, Stijn

    Intensive & critical care nursing

    2023  Volume 79, Page(s) 103526

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1105892-4
    ISSN 1532-4036 ; 0964-3397
    ISSN (online) 1532-4036
    ISSN 0964-3397
    DOI 10.1016/j.iccn.2023.103526
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 2818: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Risk stratification for selecting empiric antibiotherapy during and after COVID-19.

    Zahar, Jean-Ralph / Timsit, Jean-Francois

    Current opinion in infectious diseases

    2022  Volume 35, Issue 6, Page(s) 605–613

    Abstract: Purpose of review: SARS-CoV-2 deeply modified the risk of bacterial infection, bacterial resistance, and antibiotic strategies. This review summarized what we have learned.: Recent findings: During the COVID-19 pandemic, we observed an increase in ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: SARS-CoV-2 deeply modified the risk of bacterial infection, bacterial resistance, and antibiotic strategies. This review summarized what we have learned.
    Recent findings: During the COVID-19 pandemic, we observed an increase in healthcare-acquired infection and multidrug-resistant organism-related infection, triggered by several factors: structural factors, such as increased workload and ongoing outbreaks, underlying illnesses, invasive procedures, and treatment-induced immunosuppression. The two most frequently healthcare-acquired infections described in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were bloodstream infection, related or not to catheters, health-acquired pneumonia (in ventilated or nonventilated patients). The most frequent species involved in bacteremia were Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli in health-acquired pneumonia. The rate of Gram-negative bacilli is particularly high in late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia, and the specific risk of Pseudomonas aeruginosa- related pneumonia increased when the duration of ventilation was longer than 7 days. A specificity that remains unexplained so far is the increase in enterococci bacteremia.
    Summary: The choice of empiric antibiotimicrobials depends on several factors such as the site of the infection, time of onset and previous length of stay, previous antibiotic therapy, and known multidrug-resistant organism colonization. Pharmacokinetics of antimicrobials could be markedly altered during SARS-CoV-2 acute respiratory failure, which should encourage to perform therapeutic drug monitoring.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/drug therapy ; Cross Infection/drug therapy ; Cross Infection/epidemiology ; Cross Infection/microbiology ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Bacteremia/drug therapy ; Bacteremia/epidemiology ; Bacteremia/microbiology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Risk Assessment ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645085-4
    ISSN 1473-6527 ; 1535-3877 ; 0951-7375 ; 1355-834X
    ISSN (online) 1473-6527 ; 1535-3877
    ISSN 0951-7375 ; 1355-834X
    DOI 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000881
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 2462: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article ; Online: Preventing healthcare-acquired infections in cancer patients with febrile neutropenia in intensive care units: The role of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor prophylaxis.

    Blot, Stijn / Timsit, Jean-Francois / Zahar, Jean-Ralph

    Intensive & critical care nursing

    2023  Volume 78, Page(s) 103466

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Neoplasms/complications ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/therapeutic use ; Intensive Care Units ; Febrile Neutropenia/complications ; Febrile Neutropenia/drug therapy ; Delivery of Health Care ; Granulocytes
    Chemical Substances Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (143011-72-7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-23
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1105892-4
    ISSN 1532-4036 ; 0964-3397
    ISSN (online) 1532-4036
    ISSN 0964-3397
    DOI 10.1016/j.iccn.2023.103466
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.B 2818: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: Prevention of infectious diseases in patients with chronic renal failure.

    Zahar, Jean-Ralph

    Nephrologie & therapeutique

    2019  Volume 15 Suppl 1, Page(s) S21–S26

    Abstract: The patient followed in nephrology ward for a glomerulopathy is exposed throughout his illness, into the hospital as in the community, at a high risk of bacterial, viral and more and more frequently fungal infections. At each stage of his illness, given ... ...

    Title translation Prévention du risque infectieux chez les patients atteints d’insuffisance rénale chronique.
    Abstract The patient followed in nephrology ward for a glomerulopathy is exposed throughout his illness, into the hospital as in the community, at a high risk of bacterial, viral and more and more frequently fungal infections. At each stage of his illness, given the comorbidities associated with his renal pathology, the immunosuppressive treatments administered and the chronic haemodialysis and renal transplantation in the event of progressive disease, the nephrological patient requires specific management. Prevention consists on one hand to limit as much as possible infectious risks in the community by improving its vaccination coverage before, during and after the renal transplant and by limiting urinary infections which can worsen the underlying disease. On the other hand, in a care setting, it will be essential to reduce the risk associated with chronic haemodialysis and specifically the risk of bloodstream infections. Finally, once the transplantation period is reached, it will be essential to avoid the occurrence of healthcare-associated or even community-acquired infections worsened by immunosuppression.
    Language French
    Publishing date 2019-04-10
    Publishing country France
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2229575-6
    ISSN 1872-9177 ; 1769-7255
    ISSN (online) 1872-9177
    ISSN 1769-7255
    DOI 10.1016/j.nephro.2019.03.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Even vaccinated against COVID-19, we must continue to wear a mask.

    Zahar, Jean-Ralph / Allaouchiche, Bernard

    Anaesthesia, critical care & pain medicine

    2021  Volume 40, Issue 2, Page(s) 100849

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/transmission ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Masks ; Meta-Analysis as Topic ; Observational Studies as Topic ; Pandemics ; Risk Assessment ; Vaccination
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-23
    Publishing country France
    Document type Editorial
    ISSN 2352-5568
    ISSN (online) 2352-5568
    DOI 10.1016/j.accpm.2021.100849
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Gestion des pansements des cathéters centraux, artériels et de dialyse en réanimation/ Management of central vein, artery and hemodialysis catheter dressings in ICU

    Calvino, Silvia / Zahar, Jean-Ralph / Timsit, Jean-François

    Médecine intensive réanimation

    2023  Volume 32, Issue 1, Page(s) 125

    Language French
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2870987-1
    ISSN 2496-6142
    Database Current Contents Medicine

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    Zs.A 4839: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  7. Article ; Online: Simplified control measures for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriacae?

    Lucet, Jean-Christophe / Zahar, Jean-Ralph

    The Lancet. Infectious diseases

    2019  Volume 19, Issue 10, Page(s) 1036–1037

    MeSH term(s) Enterobacteriaceae ; Enterobacteriaceae Infections ; Humans ; beta-Lactamases
    Chemical Substances beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2061641-7
    ISSN 1474-4457 ; 1473-3099
    ISSN (online) 1474-4457
    ISSN 1473-3099
    DOI 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30412-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 5743: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  8. Article: When and How to Use MIC in Clinical Practice?

    Magréault, Sophie / Jauréguy, Françoise / Carbonnelle, Etienne / Zahar, Jean-Ralph

    Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 12

    Abstract: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics continues to be a global public health problem. The choice of the most effective antibiotic and the use of an adapted dose in the initial phase of the infection are essential to limit the emergence of resistance. This ... ...

    Abstract Bacterial resistance to antibiotics continues to be a global public health problem. The choice of the most effective antibiotic and the use of an adapted dose in the initial phase of the infection are essential to limit the emergence of resistance. This will depend on (i) the isolated bacteria and its resistance profile, (ii) the pharmacodynamic (PD) profile of the antibiotic used and its level of toxicity, (iii) the site of infection, and (iv) the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of the patient. In order to take account of both parameters to optimize the administered treatment, a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination associated with therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and their combined interpretation are required. The objective of this narrative review is thus to suggest microbiological, pharmacological, and/or clinical situations for which this approach could be useful. Regarding the microbiological aspect, such as the detection of antibiotic resistance and its level, the preservation of broad-spectrum β-lactams is particularly discussed. PK-PD profiles are relevant for difficult-to-reach infections and specific populations such as intensive care patients, cystic fibrosis patients, obese, or elderly patients. Finally, MIC and TDM are tools available to clinicians, who should not hesitate to use them to manage their patients.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2681345-2
    ISSN 2079-6382
    ISSN 2079-6382
    DOI 10.3390/antibiotics11121748
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Infectious Complications of Targeted Therapies for Solid Cancers or Leukemias/Lymphomas.

    Pilmis, Benoît / Kherabi, Yousra / Huriez, Pauline / Zahar, Jean-Ralph / Mokart, Djamel

    Cancers

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 7

    Abstract: Background: Infections are well known complications of some targeted drugs used to treat solid organ cancer and hematological malignancies. Furthermore, Individual patient risk factors are associated with underlying pathologies, concomitant ... ...

    Abstract Background: Infections are well known complications of some targeted drugs used to treat solid organ cancer and hematological malignancies. Furthermore, Individual patient risk factors are associated with underlying pathologies, concomitant immunosuppressive treatment, prior treatment and use of anti-infective prophylaxis. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are frequent among patients treated with new targeted drugs.
    Objectives: In this narrative review, we present the current state of knowledge concerning the infectious complications occurring in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, antiapoptotic protein BCL-2 inhibitors, Janus kinase inhibitors or CAR-T cell infusion.
    Sources: We searched for studies treating infectious complications of ICIs, BTK inhibitors, PI3K inhibitors, antiapoptotic protein BCL-2 inhibitors and CAR-T cell therapy. We included randomized, observational studies and case reports.
    Content: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are frequent among patients treated with new targeted drugs. Treatment of irAEs with corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive agents can lead to opportunistic infections. Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors are associated with higher rate of infections, including invasive fungal infections.
    Implications: Infections, particularly fungal ones, are common in patients treated with BTK inhibitors even though most of the complications occurring among patients treated by ICIs or CART-cells infusion are associated with the treatment of side effects related to the use of these new treatments. The diagnosis of these infectious complications can be difficult and may require extensive investigations.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers15071989
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Limiting the Spread of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Low-to-Middle-Income Countries: One Size Does Not Fit All.

    Saliba, Rindala / Zahar, Jean-Ralph / Dabar, Georges / Riachy, Moussa / Karam-Sarkis, Dolla / Husni, Rola

    Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 1

    Abstract: The spread of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) is associated with additional costs as well as higher morbidity and mortality rates. Risk factors related to the spread of MDRO can be classified into four categories: bacterial, host-related, ... ...

    Abstract The spread of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) is associated with additional costs as well as higher morbidity and mortality rates. Risk factors related to the spread of MDRO can be classified into four categories: bacterial, host-related, organizational, and epidemiological. Faced with the severity of the MDRO predicament and its individual and collective consequences, many scientific societies have developed recommendations to help healthcare teams control the spread of MDROs. These international recommendations include a series of control measures based on surveillance cultures and the application of barrier measures, ranging from patients' being isolated in single rooms, to the reinforcement of hand hygiene and implementation of additional contact precautions, to the cohorting of colonized patients in a dedicated unit with or without a dedicated staff. In addition, most policies include the application of an antimicrobial stewardship program. Applying international policies to control the spread of MDROs presents several challenges, particularly in low-to-middle-income countries (LMICs). Through a review of the literature, this work evaluates the real risks of dissemination linked to MDROs and proposes an alternative policy that caters to the means of LMICs. Indeed, sufficient evidence exists to support the theory that high compliance with hand hygiene and antimicrobial stewardship reduces the risk of MDRO transmission. LMICs would therefore be better off adopting such low-cost policies without necessarily having to implement costly isolation protocols or impose additional contact precautions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2695572-6
    ISSN 2076-0817
    ISSN 2076-0817
    DOI 10.3390/pathogens12010144
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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