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Article ; Online: Parabens and Menopause-Related Health Outcomes in Midlife Women: A Pilot Study.

Pacyga, Diana C / Chiang, Catheryne / Li, Zhong / Strakovsky, Rita S / Ziv-Gal, Ayelet

Journal of women's health (2002)

2022 Volume 31, Issue 11, Page(s) 1645–1654

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Biomarkers ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; Hot Flashes ; Menopause ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care ; Parabens/adverse effects ; Pilot Projects
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone (9002-68-0) ; Parabens
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1139774-3
ISSN	1931-843X ; 1059-7115 ; 1540-9996
ISSN (online)	1931-843X
ISSN	1059-7115 ; 1540-9996
DOI	10.1089/jwh.2022.0004
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Article ; Online: Paraben exposure alters cell cycle progression and survival of spontaneously immortalized secretory murine oviductal epithelial (MOE) cells.

Ziv-Gal, Ayelet / Berg, Malia D / Dean, Matthew

Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)

2020 Volume 100, Page(s) 7–16

Abstract: The mammalian oviduct is a central organ for female reproduction as it is the site of fertilization and it actively transports the embryo to the uterus. The oviduct is responsive to ovarian steroids and thus, it is a potential target of endocrine ... ...

Abstract	The mammalian oviduct is a central organ for female reproduction as it is the site of fertilization and it actively transports the embryo to the uterus. The oviduct is responsive to ovarian steroids and thus, it is a potential target of endocrine disrupting chemicals. Parabens are antimicrobial compounds that are prevalently found in daily-used products. However, recent studies suggest that some parabens can impact female reproductive health. Yet, their effects on the oviduct are unknown. Here, we hypothesized that in vitro exposure of immortalized murine oviductal secretory epithelial (MOE) cells to methylparaben or propylparaben will result in disrupted cell cycle progression and increased cell death by dysregulation of molecular mechanisms that involve the cell cycle and apoptosis. Thus, we examined the effects of exposure to parabens on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression by flow cytometry, and mRNA levels of major cell cycle regulators and apoptotic factors, in MOE cells. Protein levels of estrogen and progesterone receptors were also quantified. Differences between treatments and controls were analyzed by linear mixed model followed by Dunnett post-hoc tests. The results indicate that methylparaben and propylparaben selectively reduce MOE cellular proliferation and colony numbers, compared to controls. Additionally, paraben exposure selectively dysregulates the progression through the cell cycle and decreases the levels of cell cycle regulators, compared to controls. Last, paraben selectively alters the levels of progesterone receptor. Overall, these findings suggest that parabens can affect mouse oviductal secretory epithelial cell proliferation and survival.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Apoptosis/genetics ; Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Cell Cycle/genetics ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Colony-Forming Units Assay ; Epithelial Cells/cytology ; Epithelial Cells/drug effects ; Fallopian Tubes/cytology ; Fallopian Tubes/drug effects ; Female ; Gene Expression/drug effects ; Mice ; Parabens/toxicity ; Preservatives, Pharmaceutical ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; Receptors, Estrogen/analysis ; Receptors, Estrogen/genetics ; Receptors, Progesterone/analysis ; Receptors, Progesterone/genetics
Chemical Substances	Parabens ; Preservatives, Pharmaceutical ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptors, Estrogen ; Receptors, Progesterone ; methylparaben (A2I8C7HI9T) ; propylparaben (Z8IX2SC1OH)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	639342-1
ISSN	1873-1708 ; 0890-6238
ISSN (online)	1873-1708
ISSN	0890-6238
DOI	10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.12.016
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Article ; Online: Propylparaben inhibits mouse cultured antral follicle growth, alters steroidogenesis, and upregulates levels of cell-cycle and apoptosis regulators.

Gal, Arnon / Gedye, Kristene / Craig, Zelieann R / Ziv-Gal, Ayelet

Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)

2019 Volume 89, Page(s) 100–106

Abstract: Propylparaben is prevalently used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and foods; yet, its direct effects on the mammalian ovary are unknown. We investigated the direct effects of propylparaben on the growth and steroidogenic function of mouse antral follicles. ...

Abstract	Propylparaben is prevalently used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and foods; yet, its direct effects on the mammalian ovary are unknown. We investigated the direct effects of propylparaben on the growth and steroidogenic function of mouse antral follicles. Antral follicles were isolated from the ovaries of Swiss mice (age: 32-42 days) and cultured in media with dimethylsulfoxide vehicle control or propylparaben (0.01-100 μg/mL) for 24-72 h. Follicle diameter was measured every 24 h to assess growth. Follicles and media were collected at 24 and 72 h for gene expression and hormone measurements. Propylparaben (100 μg/mL) significantly inhibited follicle growth (48-72 h). Further, propylparaben exposure increased expression of cell cycle regulators (Cdk4, Cdkn1a), an apoptotic factor (Bax), and a key steroidogenic regulator (Star). In media, propylparaben decreased accumulation of dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, but increased testosterone and 17β-estradiol. Overall, our findings suggest that propylparaben disrupts antral follicle growth and steroidogenic function by altering the cell-cycle, apoptosis, and steroidogenesis pathways.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Apoptosis/genetics ; Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Cell Cycle/genetics ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endocrine Disruptors/toxicity ; Female ; Gene Expression/drug effects ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/biosynthesis ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Ovarian Follicle/drug effects ; Ovarian Follicle/metabolism ; Ovarian Follicle/pathology ; Parabens/toxicity ; Up-Regulation
Chemical Substances	Endocrine Disruptors ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Parabens ; propylparaben (Z8IX2SC1OH)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	639342-1
ISSN	1873-1708 ; 0890-6238
ISSN (online)	1873-1708
ISSN	0890-6238
DOI	10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.07.009
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Article ; Online: Pretty Good or Pretty Bad? The Ovary and Chemicals in Personal Care Products.

Craig, Zelieann R / Ziv-Gal, Ayelet

Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology

2018 Volume 162, Issue 2, Page(s) 349–360

Abstract: Personal care products (PCP) contain a myriad of chemicals generally formulated to provide a safe and beneficial use. Nonetheless, an increasing amount of laboratory animal and human studies indicate that some chemicals in PCP are associated with ... ...

Abstract	Personal care products (PCP) contain a myriad of chemicals generally formulated to provide a safe and beneficial use. Nonetheless, an increasing amount of laboratory animal and human studies indicate that some chemicals in PCP are associated with decreased hormone production, diminished ovarian reserve, ovarian cancer, and early pregnancy loss. The ovary is key to female fertility by providing the eggs and sex steroid hormones for fertilization and maintenance of reproductive function, respectively. Thus, understanding how chemicals in PCP affect the ovary will shed some light on their potential effects on female fertility. In this review, we provide an overview of: (1) ovarian function as a determinant of fertility in females, (2) the status of knowledge regarding the effects of seven common chemicals in PCP on the ovary, and (3) significant gaps in the literature along with opportunities to eliminate some of the gaps. Findings from the limited existing data suggest that chemicals in PCP such as dibutyl phthalate can reach the ovary in humans and impact its function in animal models. Unfortunately, it is still difficult to assess how relevant findings of experimental studies are to women because of lack of human exposure data for most of these chemicals and the lack of studies that mimic real-life exposures. In contrast to chemicals such as bisphenol A and dioxin, the investigation of the effects of chemicals in PCP on reproductive function is still limited and warrants further investigation to fill existing data gaps.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cosmetics/chemistry ; Cosmetics/standards ; Endocrine Disruptors/toxicity ; Female ; Fertility/drug effects ; Humans ; Ovary/drug effects ; Ovary/pathology
Chemical Substances	Cosmetics ; Endocrine Disruptors
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-02-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1420885-4
ISSN	1096-0929 ; 1096-6080
ISSN (online)	1096-0929
ISSN	1096-6080
DOI	10.1093/toxsci/kfx285
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Article ; Online: Potential Role of Lycopene in the Prevention of Postmenopausal Bone Loss: Evidence from Molecular to Clinical Studies.

Walallawita, Umani S / Wolber, Frances M / Ziv-Gal, Ayelet / Kruger, Marlena C / Heyes, Julian A

International journal of molecular sciences

2020 Volume 21, Issue 19

Abstract: Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density, which affects the quality of life of the aging population. Furthermore, disruption of bone microarchitecture and the alteration of non-collagenous protein in bones ... ...

Abstract	Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density, which affects the quality of life of the aging population. Furthermore, disruption of bone microarchitecture and the alteration of non-collagenous protein in bones lead to higher fracture risk. This is most common in postmenopausal women. Certain medications are being used for the treatment of osteoporosis; however, these may be accompanied by undesirable side effects. Phytochemicals from fruits and vegetables are a source of micronutrients for the maintenance of bone health. Among them, lycopene has recently been shown to have a potential protective effect against bone loss. Lycopene is a lipid-soluble carotenoid that exists in both all-
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Dietary Supplements ; Female ; Fruit/chemistry ; Humans ; Lycopene/chemistry ; Lycopene/therapeutic use ; Lycopersicon esculentum/chemistry ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/metabolism ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/pathology ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/prevention & control ; Quality of Life
Chemical Substances	Lycopene (SB0N2N0WV6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms21197119
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Article ; Online: Evidence for bisphenol A-induced female infertility: a review (2007-2016).

Ziv-Gal, Ayelet / Flaws, Jodi A

Fertility and sterility

2016 Volume 106, Issue 4, Page(s) 827–856

Abstract: We summarized the scientific literature published from 2007 to 2016 on the potential effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on female fertility. We focused on overall fertility outcomes (e.g., ability to become pregnant, number of offspring), organs that are ... ...

Abstract	We summarized the scientific literature published from 2007 to 2016 on the potential effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on female fertility. We focused on overall fertility outcomes (e.g., ability to become pregnant, number of offspring), organs that are important for female reproduction (i.e., oviduct, uterus, ovary, hypothalamus, and pituitary), and reproductive-related processes (i.e., estrous cyclicity, implantation, and hormonal secretion). The reviewed literature indicates that BPA may be associated with infertility in women. Potential explanations for this association can be generated from experimental studies. Specifically, BPA may alter overall female reproductive capacity by affecting the morphology and function of the oviduct, uterus, ovary, and hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis in animal models. In addition, BPA may disrupt estrous cyclicity and implantation. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to better understand the exact mechanisms of action and to detect potential reproductive toxicity at earlier stages.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity ; Embryo Implantation/drug effects ; Endocrine Disruptors/adverse effects ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects ; Environmental Pollutants/adverse effects ; Estrous Cycle/drug effects ; Female ; Fertility/drug effects ; Genitalia, Female/drug effects ; Genitalia, Female/physiopathology ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/drug effects ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiopathology ; Infertility, Female/chemically induced ; Infertility, Female/physiopathology ; Menstrual Cycle/drug effects ; Phenols/toxicity ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Rate ; Reproduction/drug effects ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors
Chemical Substances	Benzhydryl Compounds ; Endocrine Disruptors ; Environmental Pollutants ; Phenols ; bisphenol A (MLT3645I99)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-09-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	80133-1
ISSN	1556-5653 ; 0015-0282
ISSN (online)	1556-5653
ISSN	0015-0282
DOI	10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.06.027
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Article ; Online: Single versus bilateral internal thoracic artery grafting in patients with impaired renal function.

Farkash, Ariel / Gordon, Amit / Mohr, Rephael / Sela, Orr / Pevni, Dmitri / Ziv-Baran, Tomer / Grupper, Ayelet / Kfir, Jonathan E / Ben-Gal, Yanai

PloS one

2024 Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) e0297194

Abstract: Objective: The optimal strategy for surgical revascularization in patients with impaired renal function is inconclusive. We compared early and late outcomes between bilateral internal thoracic artery (BITA) and single ITA (SITA) grafting in patients ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The optimal strategy for surgical revascularization in patients with impaired renal function is inconclusive. We compared early and late outcomes between bilateral internal thoracic artery (BITA) and single ITA (SITA) grafting in patients with renal dysfunction. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of all the patients with multivessel disease and impaired renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60mL/min/1.73m2) who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) in our center during 1996-2011, utilizing either BITA or SITA revascularization. Results: Of the 5301 patients with multivessel disease who underwent surgical revascularization during the study period, 391 were with impaired renal function: 212 (54.2%) underwent BITA, 179 (45.8%) underwent SITA. Patients who underwent BITA were less likely to have comorbidities. Statistically significant differences were not observed between the BITA and SITA groups in 30-day mortality (5.6% vs. 9.0%, p = 0.2) and in rates of early stroke, myocardial infarction, and sternal infection (4.5% vs. 6.1%, p = 0.467; 1.7% vs. 2.8%, p = 0.517; and 2.2% vs. 5.7%, p = 0.088, respectively). Long-term survival of the BITA group was better: median 8.36 vs. 4.14 years, p<0.001. In multivariable analysis, BITA revascularization was associated with decreased late mortality (HR = 0.704, 95% CI: 0.556-0.89, p = 0.003). In analysis of a matched cohort (134 pairs), early outcomes did not differ between the groups; however, in multivariable analysis, BITA revascularization was associated with decreased late mortality ‎‎(HR = 0.35 (95%CI 0.18-0.68), p = 0.002)‎. Conclusions: BITA revascularization did not impact early outcome in patients with CRF, but demonstrated a significant protective effect on long-term survival ‎in the unmatched and matched cohorts.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Mammary Arteries/transplantation ; Treatment Outcome ; Coronary Artery Bypass/adverse effects ; Kidney/surgery ; Coronary Artery Disease/complications ; Coronary Artery Disease/surgery ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0297194
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Article ; Online: The effects of in utero bisphenol A exposure on ovarian follicle numbers and steroidogenesis in the F1 and F2 generations of mice.

Mahalingam, Sharada / Ther, Laura / Gao, Liying / Wang, Wei / Ziv-Gal, Ayelet / Flaws, Jodi A

Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)

2017 Volume 74, Page(s) 150–157

Abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a commonly used plasticizer. Previous studies show that in utero exposure to BPA affects reproductive outcomes in the F1-F3 generations of mice. However, its multigenerational effects on ovarian histology and steroidogenesis over the ...

Abstract	Bisphenol A (BPA) is a commonly used plasticizer. Previous studies show that in utero exposure to BPA affects reproductive outcomes in the F1-F3 generations of mice. However, its multigenerational effects on ovarian histology and steroidogenesis over the reproductive lifespan are unknown. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that BPA has multigenerational effects on follicle numbers and steroidogenesis. Mice were exposed in utero to vehicle control or BPA (0.5, 20, and 50μg/kg/day). Ovaries were collected for histological and gene expression analyses and sera were collected for hormone assays. In utero BPA exposure decreased preantral follicle numbers, cytochrome P450 aromatase mRNA levels, and estradiol levels in the F1 generation, whereas it decreased testosterone levels and altered steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1, and cytochrome P450 aromatase mRNA levels in the F2 generation. These data suggest that BPA has multigenerational effects on the ovary in mice.
MeSH term(s)	17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases/genetics ; Animals ; Aromatase/genetics ; Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity ; Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme/genetics ; Endocrine Disruptors/toxicity ; Estradiol/blood ; Female ; Male ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Mice ; Ovarian Follicle/drug effects ; Ovarian Follicle/metabolism ; Ovarian Follicle/pathology ; Phenols/toxicity ; Phosphoproteins/genetics ; Plasticizers/toxicity ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Testosterone/blood
Chemical Substances	Benzhydryl Compounds ; Endocrine Disruptors ; Phenols ; Phosphoproteins ; Plasticizers ; RNA, Messenger ; steroidogenic acute regulatory protein ; Testosterone (3XMK78S47O) ; Estradiol (4TI98Z838E) ; 17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases (EC 1.1.-) ; 3 (or 17)-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.51) ; Aromatase (EC 1.14.14.1) ; Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme (EC 1.14.15.6) ; bisphenol A (MLT3645I99)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	639342-1
ISSN	1873-1708 ; 0890-6238
ISSN (online)	1873-1708
ISSN	0890-6238
DOI	10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.09.013
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Article ; Online: Bisphenol A Exposure, Ovarian Follicle Numbers, and Female Sex Steroid Hormone Levels: Results From a CLARITY-BPA Study.

Patel, Shreya / Brehm, Emily / Gao, Liying / Rattan, Saniya / Ziv-Gal, Ayelet / Flaws, Jodi A

Endocrinology

2017 Volume 158, Issue 6, Page(s) 1727–1738

Abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical found in thermal receipts and food and beverage containers. Previous studies have shown that BPA can affect the numbers and health of ovarian follicles and the production of sex steroid hormones, but they often ...

Abstract	Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical found in thermal receipts and food and beverage containers. Previous studies have shown that BPA can affect the numbers and health of ovarian follicles and the production of sex steroid hormones, but they often did not include a wide range of doses of BPA, used a small sample size, focused on relatively short-term exposures to BPA, and/or did not examine the consequences of chronic BPA exposure on the ovaries or steroid levels. Thus, this study was designed to examine the effects of a wide range of doses of BPA on ovarian morphology and sex steroid hormone production. Specifically, this study tested the hypothesis that prenatal and continuous BPA exposure reduces ovarian follicle numbers and sex steroid hormone levels. To test this hypothesis, rats were dosed with vehicle, ethinyl estradiol (0.05 and 0.5 μg/kg body weight/d), or BPA (2.5, 25, 250, 2500, and 25,000 μg/kg body weight/d) from gestation day 6 until 1 year as part of the Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on BPA Toxicity (CLARITY-BPA). Ovaries and sera were collected on postnatal days 1, 21, and 90, and at 6 months and 1 year. The ovaries were subjected to histological evaluation of follicle numbers and the sera were subjected to measurements of estradiol and progesterone. Collectively, these data indicate that BPA exposure at some doses and time points affects ovarian follicle numbers and sex steroid levels, but these effects are different than those observed with ethinyl estradiol exposure and some previous studies on BPA.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity ; Cell Count ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Estradiol/blood ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/blood ; Ovarian Follicle/drug effects ; Ovarian Follicle/pathology ; Phenols/toxicity ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/blood ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/chemically induced ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/pathology ; Progesterone/blood ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Chemical Substances	Benzhydryl Compounds ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Phenols ; Progesterone (4G7DS2Q64Y) ; Estradiol (4TI98Z838E) ; bisphenol A (MLT3645I99)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-06-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	427856-2
ISSN	1945-7170 ; 0013-7227
ISSN (online)	1945-7170
ISSN	0013-7227
DOI	10.1210/en.2016-1887
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Article ; Online: The effects of in utero bisphenol A exposure on reproductive capacity in several generations of mice.

Ziv-Gal, Ayelet / Wang, Wei / Zhou, Changqing / Flaws, Jodi A

Toxicology and applied pharmacology

2015 Volume 284, Issue 3, Page(s) 354–362

Abstract: In utero bisphenol A (BPA) exposure affects reproductive function in the first generation (F1) of mice; however, not many studies have examined the reproductive effects of BPA exposure on subsequent generations. In this study, pregnant mice (F0) were ... ...

Abstract	In utero bisphenol A (BPA) exposure affects reproductive function in the first generation (F1) of mice; however, not many studies have examined the reproductive effects of BPA exposure on subsequent generations. In this study, pregnant mice (F0) were orally dosed with vehicle, BPA (0.5, 20, and 50 μg/kg/day) or diethylstilbestrol (DES; 0.05 μg/kg/day) daily from gestation day 11 until birth. F1 females were used to generate the F2 generation, and F2 females were used to generate the F3 generation. Breeding studies at the ages of 3, 6, and 9 months were conducted to evaluate reproductive capacity over time. Further, studies were conducted to evaluate pubertal onset, litter size, and percentage of dead pups; and to calculate pregnancy rate, and mating, fertility, and gestational indices. The results indicate that BPA exposure (0.5 and 50 μg/kg/day) significantly delayed the age at vaginal opening in the F3 generation compared to vehicle control. Both DES (0.05 μg/kg/day) and BPA (50 μg/kg/day) significantly delayed the age at first estrus in the F3 generation compared to vehicle control. BPA exposure reduced gestational index in the F1 and F2 generations compared to control. Further, BPA exposure (0.5 μg/kg/day) compromised the fertility index in the F3 generation compared to control. Finally, in utero BPA exposure reduced the ability of female mice to maintain pregnancies as they aged. Collectively, these data suggest that BPA exposure affects reproductive function in female mice and that some effects may be transgenerational in nature.
MeSH term(s)	Age Factors ; Animals ; Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Estrus/drug effects ; Female ; Fertility/drug effects ; Gestational Age ; Litter Size/drug effects ; Male ; Maternal Exposure/adverse effects ; Phenols/toxicity ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Reproduction/drug effects ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Sexual Maturation/drug effects ; Time Factors
Chemical Substances	Benzhydryl Compounds ; Phenols ; bisphenol A (MLT3645I99)
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-05-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	204477-8
ISSN	1096-0333 ; 0041-008X
ISSN (online)	1096-0333
ISSN	0041-008X
DOI	10.1016/j.taap.2015.03.003
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In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito