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  1. Article: A Case of Acute Encephalopathy After the Initiation of FOLFOX Chemotherapy in a Patient With Colon Cancer.

    Kim, Jin S / Lio, Ka U / Henderson, Hannah / Pourshahid, Seyedmohammad

    Cureus

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 4, Page(s) e37237

    Abstract: Acute encephalopathy is a change in the level of consciousness where the underlying etiology can be difficult to diagnose, and thus, difficult to treat, especially in the context of multi-organ diseases. We report a case of acute encephalopathy in a ... ...

    Abstract Acute encephalopathy is a change in the level of consciousness where the underlying etiology can be difficult to diagnose, and thus, difficult to treat, especially in the context of multi-organ diseases. We report a case of acute encephalopathy in a patient with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis, chronic hypotension, and a recent diagnosis of colon cancer who presented shortly after initiation of FOLFOX, a chemotherapy regimen for treatment of colorectal cancer comprised of folinic acid (leucovorin), fluorouracil (5-FU), and oxaliplatin (eloxatin). We present a systematic approach to elucidate ambiguous causes of toxic-metabolic encephalopathy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.37237
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Coexistence of Pernicious Anemia and Myasthenia Gravis Presenting As Dyspnea.

    Khademolhosseini, Sara / Springsted, Elspeth / Pourshahid, Seyedmohammad / Giri, Badri

    Cureus

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 5, Page(s) e15295

    Abstract: Dyspnea is a common symptom and may be due to a multitude of conditions, including cardiopulmonary insufficiency, anemia, neuromuscular disorders, obesity, or deconditioning. It is not uncommon that more than one process contributes to shortness of ... ...

    Abstract Dyspnea is a common symptom and may be due to a multitude of conditions, including cardiopulmonary insufficiency, anemia, neuromuscular disorders, obesity, or deconditioning. It is not uncommon that more than one process contributes to shortness of breath. Here, we present a patient with a complaint of worsening shortness of breath who was found to have two very rare causes of dyspnea simultaneously. The symptoms resolved with treatment of pernicious anemia and myasthenia gravis (MG). The coexistence of pernicious anemia and MG is extremely rare, with only two other cases reported so far.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.15295
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Right Middle Lobe Single Pulmonary Opacity With Air Bronchogram: A Problem-Solving Case Report.

    Khademolhosseini, Sara / Pourshahid, Seyedmohammad / Zirkiyeva, Milana / Trandafirescu, Theo

    Cureus

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 5, Page(s) e15204

    Abstract: Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is a relatively uncommon subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma consisting of extranodal, nodal, and splenic MZL. Mucosa-associated lymphoma constitutes the majority of extranodal MZL including but not limited to the stomach, lung, ... ...

    Abstract Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is a relatively uncommon subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma consisting of extranodal, nodal, and splenic MZL. Mucosa-associated lymphoma constitutes the majority of extranodal MZL including but not limited to the stomach, lung, salivary gland, ocular adnexa, skin, and thyroid. Depending on the site of origin, maltoma may present with different symptoms. Here we present a patient who presented to the pulmonary clinic for further evaluation of a right middle lobe consolidation. She was treated with a course of antibiotics empirically with no interval change in imaging. She underwent bronchoscopy with biopsy. Pathology was remarkable for extensive lymphoid infiltrates consisting of mixed B and T lymphocytes. Positron emission tomography (PET) CT demonstrated mild uniform uptake in consolidation with no evidence of PET avid distant metastasis. CT-guided biopsy was consistent with extranodal marginal zone lymphoma. She underwent right middle lobectomy with no complications. As mentioned in our case, bronchoscopy is usually nondiagnostic and a lung biopsy is needed in pulmonary maltoma. Treatment is based on the tumor location and extent of the disease. Prognosis is good with an 86-95% five-year survival.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.15204
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: A Case of Steroid-Responsive Severe Pneumonia Following a Recent COVID-19 Infection in a Patient With Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococcal Infection.

    Pourshahid, Seyedmohammad / Khademolhosseini, Sara / Giri, Badri / Cossio, Moises / Rubio, Edmundo

    Cureus

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 7, Page(s) e26785

    Abstract: A twenty-two-year-old woman with a history of pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS) on rituximab presented with fever, abdominal pain, and worsening shortness of breath requiring supplemental ... ...

    Abstract A twenty-two-year-old woman with a history of pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS) on rituximab presented with fever, abdominal pain, and worsening shortness of breath requiring supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula one month after a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection from which she was minimally symptomatic and had recovered. Radiographic studies revealed bilateral patchy consolidations interspersed with ground-glass opacities (GGO). She was started on antibiotics for presumed community-acquired pneumonia with no improvement. Echocardiography revealed preserved biventricular function and a suspected intracardiac mass. A cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) revealed myocarditis and no intracardiac mass. Fever persisted and oxygen requirements increased from FiO2 0.4 to 1.0. Repeat CXR showed subtotal left hemithorax opacification. Bronchoscopic samples showed a negative Gram stain and an unremarkable cell count differential. In view of this and given her lack of response to antibiotics with worsening respiratory status, high-dose steroids were started. She improved rapidly, and six days later she was off oxygen. Transbronchial biopsies showed benign parenchyma with some intra-alveolar fibrin deposition with no definitive evidence of viral cytopathic effect, vasculitis, or diffuse alveolar damage (DAD). Follow-up imaging in the pulmonary clinic revealed improvement of prior airspace disease with some new migratory opacities that completely resolved after 12 weeks. Pulmonary function tests and repeat CMRI were normal three months after discharge. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MISA), post-covid organizing pneumonia (OP), and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) are rare and potentially steroid-responsive causes of pneumonia, which were in our differential diagnosis. It is imperative to consider the rare possibility of steroid-responsive pneumonia-like MISA, post-COVID-OP, and IRIS in patients with worsening respiratory symptoms following a recent SARS-CoV 2 infection.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.26785
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: A Case Series of E-cigarette or Vaping-Associated Lung Injury With a Review of Pathological and Radiological Findings.

    Pourshahid, Seyedmohammad / Khademolhosseini, Sara / Hussain, Shahzad / Ie, Susanti R / Cirino-Marcano, Maria Del Mar / Aziz, Sameh / Biscardi, Frank / Foroozesh, Mahtab

    Cureus

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 5, Page(s) e24822

    Abstract: There has been a recent outbreak of e-cigarette or vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI) but the exact pathophysiology remains unknown. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and vitamin E derivates are the major components in vaping-generated aerosols that are ... ...

    Abstract There has been a recent outbreak of e-cigarette or vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI) but the exact pathophysiology remains unknown. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and vitamin E derivates are the major components in vaping-generated aerosols that are associated with EVALI. So far, there is no standard treatment for EVALI. Most cases are treated with antibiotics and steroids. Counseling for smoking cessation is an integral part of care for EVALI patients. Referral to addiction medicine may be beneficial. Considering the nonspecific presenting symptoms and the growing popularity of vaping devices, providers need to consider EVALI in the differential diagnosis of bilateral patchy ground-glass opacities with respiratory, constitutional, or gastrointestinal symptoms in patients using e-cigarettes. Here, we present four EVALI cases and review the pertinent imaging and pathological findings.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.24822
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Clostridium tertium:

    Barakat, Mohamed / Hernandez, Steven / Benoit, Janeeka / Pourshahid, Seyedmohammad / Mamoon, Yusufal / Martin, George T

    ACG case reports journal

    2018  Volume 5, Page(s) e30

    Abstract: Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is the result of portal vein pyemia, which usually originates from the hepatobiliary system or the gastrointestinal tract. Gram-negative organisms are the most common causative pathogens in PLA. ...

    Abstract Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is the result of portal vein pyemia, which usually originates from the hepatobiliary system or the gastrointestinal tract. Gram-negative organisms are the most common causative pathogens in PLA.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2814825-3
    ISSN 2326-3253
    ISSN 2326-3253
    DOI 10.14309/crj.2018.30
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Fahr's Disease: A Differential to Be Considered for Various Neuropsychiatric Presentations.

    Pourshahid, Seyedmohammad / Salloum, Mohammad Nour / Elfishawi, Mohanad / Barakat, Mohamed / Basith, Mohammed

    Cureus

    2018  Volume 10, Issue 3, Page(s) e2304

    Abstract: Fahr's disease, also known as familial idiopathic basal ganglia calcification, is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting cerebral microvessels, mainly the basal ganglia, and presenting with diverse neuropsychiatric manifestations. It is considered to be ... ...

    Abstract Fahr's disease, also known as familial idiopathic basal ganglia calcification, is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting cerebral microvessels, mainly the basal ganglia, and presenting with diverse neuropsychiatric manifestations. It is considered to be mainly hereditary, with autosomal dominant inheritance. In light of its various presentations and incomplete penetrance, Fahr's disease is known to be underestimated and underdiagnosed. Here, an early-onset case of Fahr's disease is presented mainly with pure psychiatric symptoms. Given the diversity of the presenting symptoms, and variations in the age of onset, further investigation of organic etiologies in patients presenting with neuropsychiatric symptoms, family members of patients with Fahr's disease, and patients with unexplained cerebral calcification is recommended.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.2304
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Seizure and Pulmonary Embolism: A Differential That Can Save a Life.

    Pourshahid, Seyedmohammad / Dedhia, Sneha / Hakim, Shakeeb / Barakat, Mohamed / Genin, Dennis

    Case reports in pulmonology

    2017  Volume 2017, Page(s) 3408795

    Abstract: Seizures is a relatively common presentation with a wide differential diagnosis. However, seizures presenting secondary to underlying pulmonary emboli are rare and, without prompt recognition and management, this easily treatable condition can be ... ...

    Abstract Seizures is a relatively common presentation with a wide differential diagnosis. However, seizures presenting secondary to underlying pulmonary emboli are rare and, without prompt recognition and management, this easily treatable condition can be potentially fatal. The few available case reports discussing seizures and PE reveal a high mortality rate which underscores the importance of prompt diagnosis. A 38-year-old woman presented to the emergency room having experienced loss of consciousness and a generalized tonic-clonic seizure at home. In the emergency room, her presenting signs and symptoms included tachycardia, worsening dyspnea, mild hypoxemia, and elevated D-dimer. Pertinent history findings revealed she recently received depot hormonal contraceptive treatments. Her initial workup included an EKG which showed sinus tachycardia without evidence of right heart strain. Subsequently a chest CT with angiography revealed massive bilateral pulmonary emboli. DVT studies also revealed a unilateral acute DVT. The patient was promptly started on therapeutic anticoagulation and stabilized. Fortunately, the patient remained symptom-free and eventually was discharged with close follow-up. The goal of this report is to make clinicians more aware of the possibility that seizures, along with the appropriate clinical findings, can be caused by acute PE.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-12-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2666707-1
    ISSN 2090-6854 ; 2090-6846
    ISSN (online) 2090-6854
    ISSN 2090-6846
    DOI 10.1155/2017/3408795
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Gastrointestinal and biliary granular cell tumor: diagnosis and management.

    Barakat, Mohamed / Kar, Abdullah Abu / Pourshahid, Seyedmohammad / Ainechi, Sanaz / Lee, Hwa Jeong / Othman, Mohamed / Tadros, Micheal

    Annals of gastroenterology

    2018  Volume 31, Issue 4, Page(s) 439–447

    Abstract: Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are generally thought to be of Schwann cell origin and are typically S-100 positive. Up to 11% of these tumors affect the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly the esophagus, colon, and stomach. While GCTs are mostly benign, ... ...

    Abstract Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are generally thought to be of Schwann cell origin and are typically S-100 positive. Up to 11% of these tumors affect the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly the esophagus, colon, and stomach. While GCTs are mostly benign, malignant and metastatic GCTs have been reported. GCTs are usually found incidentally during esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, imaging studies or during the evaluation of non-specific symptoms. Endoscopically, they are typically yellow in appearance with intact mucosa. On endoscopic ultrasound, they usually are hypoechoic, homogenous, smooth-edged lesions that appear to originate from the submucosal layer, although other endoscopic and ultrasound appearances have been described. There is no consensus on how to treat GCT. Surgical and conservative approaches have been described in the literature. GCTs can also affect the biliary tract, where patients may be misdiagnosed with cholangiocarcinoma. We explore the epidemiology, histology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of these tumors in the gastrointestinal tract, including the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and the perianal region. In addition, GCTs in the biliary tract are reviewed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-09
    Publishing country Greece
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2032850-3
    ISSN 1108-7471
    ISSN 1108-7471
    DOI 10.20524/aog.2018.0275
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles by Aspergillus Species.

    Zomorodian, Kamiar / Pourshahid, Seyedmohammad / Sadatsharifi, Arman / Mehryar, Pouyan / Pakshir, Keyvan / Rahimi, Mohammad Javad / Arabi Monfared, Ali

    BioMed research international

    2016  Volume 2016, Page(s) 5435397

    Abstract: Currently, researchers turn to natural processes such as using biological microorganisms in order to develop reliable and ecofriendly methods for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. In this study, we have investigated extracellular biosynthesis of ... ...

    Abstract Currently, researchers turn to natural processes such as using biological microorganisms in order to develop reliable and ecofriendly methods for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. In this study, we have investigated extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using four Aspergillus species including A. fumigatus, A. clavatus, A. niger, and A. flavus. We have also analyzed nitrate reductase activity in the studied species in order to determine the probable role of this enzyme in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles. The formation of silver nanoparticles in the cell filtrates was confirmed by the passage of laser light, change in the color of cell filtrates, absorption peak at 430 nm in UV-Vis spectra, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). There was a logical relationship between the efficiencies of studied Aspergillus species in the production of silver nanoparticles and their nitrate reductase activity. A. fumigatus as the most efficient species showed the highest nitrate reductase activity among the studied species while A. flavus exhibited the lowest capacity in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles which was in accord with its low nitrate reductase activity. The present study showed that Aspergillus species had potential for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles depending on their nitrate reductase activity.
    MeSH term(s) Aspergillus/chemistry ; Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry ; Silver/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Silver (3M4G523W1G)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2698540-8
    ISSN 2314-6141 ; 2314-6133
    ISSN (online) 2314-6141
    ISSN 2314-6133
    DOI 10.1155/2016/5435397
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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