LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 64

Search options

Article ; Online: Simon Response to Shonka.

Simon, Steven L / Bouville, André / Beck, Harold L

2021 Volume 120, Issue 6, Page(s) 688–689

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2406-5
ISSN	1538-5159 ; 0017-9078
ISSN (online)	1538-5159
ISSN	0017-9078
DOI	10.1097/HP.0000000000001424
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 128: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 253: Show issues

Order via subito

This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Accounting for Unfissioned Plutonium from the Trinity Atomic Bomb Test.

Beck, Harold L / Simon, Steven L / Bouville, André / Romanyukha, Anna

Health physics

2020 Volume 119, Issue 4, Page(s) 504–516

Abstract: The Trinity test device contained about 6 kg of plutonium as its fission source, resulting in a fission yield of 21 kT. However, only about 15% of the Pu actually underwent fission. The remaining unfissioned plutonium eventually was vaporized in the ... ...

Abstract	The Trinity test device contained about 6 kg of plutonium as its fission source, resulting in a fission yield of 21 kT. However, only about 15% of the Pu actually underwent fission. The remaining unfissioned plutonium eventually was vaporized in the fireball and after cooling, was deposited downwind from the test site along with the various fission and activation products produced in the explosion. Using data from radiochemical analyses of soil samples collected postshot (most many years later), supplemented by model estimates of plutonium deposition density estimated from reported exposure rates at 12 h postshot, we have estimated the total activity and geographical distribution of the deposition density of this unfissioned plutonium in New Mexico. A majority (about 80%) of the unfissioned plutonium was deposited within the state of New Mexico, most in a relatively small area about 30-100 km downwind (the Chupadera Mesa area). For most of the state, the deposition density was a small fraction of the subsequent deposition density of Pu from Nevada Test Site tests (1951-1958) and later from global fallout from the large US and Russian thermonuclear tests (1952-1962). The fraction of the total unfissioned Pu that was deposited in New Mexico from Trinity was greater than the fraction of fission products deposited. Due to plutonium being highly refractory, a greater fraction of the Pu was incorporated into large particles that fell out closer to the test site as opposed to more volatile fission products (such as Cs and I) that tend to deposit on the surface of smaller particles that travel farther before depositing. The plutonium deposited as a result of the Trinity test was unlikely to have resulted in significant health risks to the downwind population.
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants, Radioactive/analysis ; Cesium Radioisotopes/analysis ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure/analysis ; Iodine Radioisotopes/analysis ; Nuclear Fission ; Nuclear Weapons/statistics & numerical data ; Plutonium/analysis ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Monitoring ; Radioactive Fallout/analysis ; Risk Assessment/methods ; Soil Pollutants, Radioactive/analysis
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants, Radioactive ; Cesium Radioisotopes ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; Radioactive Fallout ; Soil Pollutants, Radioactive ; Plutonium (53023GN24M)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	2406-5
ISSN	1538-5159 ; 0017-9078
ISSN (online)	1538-5159
ISSN	0017-9078
DOI	10.1097/HP.0000000000001146
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 128: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 253: Show issues

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Estimated Radiation Doses Received by New Mexico Residents from the 1945 Trinity Nuclear Test.

Simon, Steven L / Bouville, André / Beck, Harold L / Melo, Dunstana R

Health physics

2020 Volume 119, Issue 4, Page(s) 428–477

Abstract: The National Cancer Institute study of projected health risks to New Mexico residents from the 1945 Trinity nuclear test provides best estimates of organ radiation absorbed doses received by representative persons according to ethnicity, age, and county. ...

Abstract	The National Cancer Institute study of projected health risks to New Mexico residents from the 1945 Trinity nuclear test provides best estimates of organ radiation absorbed doses received by representative persons according to ethnicity, age, and county. Doses to five organs/tissues at significant risk from exposure to radioactive fallout (i.e., active bone marrow, thyroid gland, lungs, stomach, and colon) from the 63 most important radionuclides in fresh fallout from external and internal irradiation were estimated. The organ doses were estimated for four resident ethnic groups in New Mexico (Whites, Hispanics, Native Americans, and African Americans) in seven age groups using: (1) assessment models described in a companion paper, (2) data on the spatial distribution and magnitude of radioactive fallout derived from historical documents, and (3) data collected on diets and lifestyles in 1945 from interviews and focus groups conducted in 2015-2017 (described in a companion paper). The organ doses were found to vary widely across the state with the highest doses directly to the northeast of the detonation site and at locations close to the center of the Trinity fallout plume. Spatial heterogeneity of fallout deposition was the largest cause of variation of doses across the state with lesser differences due to age and ethnicity, the latter because of differences in diets and lifestyles. The exposure pathways considered included both external irradiation from deposited fallout and internal irradiation via inhalation of airborne radionuclides in the debris cloud as well as resuspended ground activity and ingestion of contaminated drinking water (derived both from rivers and rainwater cisterns) and foodstuffs including milk products, beef, mutton, and pork, human-consumed plant products including leafy vegetables, fruit vegetables, fruits, and berries. Tables of best estimates of county population-weighted average organ doses by ethnicity and age are presented. A discussion of our estimates of uncertainty is also provided to illustrate a lower and upper credible range on our best estimates of doses. Our findings indicate that only small geographic areas immediately downwind to the northeast received exposures of any significance as judged by their magnitude relative to natural radiation. The findings presented are the most comprehensive and well-described estimates of doses received by populations of New Mexico from the Trinity nuclear test.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Air Pollutants, Radioactive/adverse effects ; Air Pollutants, Radioactive/analysis ; Body Burden ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Life Style ; Male ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/diagnosis ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/etiology ; New Mexico/epidemiology ; Nuclear Weapons/statistics & numerical data ; Population Surveillance ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Monitoring ; Radioactive Fallout/adverse effects ; Radioactive Fallout/analysis ; Relative Biological Effectiveness ; Risk Assessment/methods ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants, Radioactive ; Radioactive Fallout
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	2406-5
ISSN	1538-5159 ; 0017-9078
ISSN (online)	1538-5159
ISSN	0017-9078
DOI	10.1097/HP.0000000000001328
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 128: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 253: Show issues

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: The Methodology Used to Assess Doses from the First Nuclear Weapons Test (Trinity) to the Populations of New Mexico.

Bouville, André / Beck, Harold L / Thiessen, Kathleen M / Hoffman, F Owen / Potischman, Nancy / Simon, Steven L

Health physics

2020 Volume 119, Issue 4, Page(s) 400–427

Abstract: Trinity was the first test of a nuclear fission device. The test took place in south-central New Mexico at the Alamogordo Bombing and Gunnery Range at 05:29 AM on 16 July 1945. This article provides detailed information on the methods that were used in ... ...

Abstract	Trinity was the first test of a nuclear fission device. The test took place in south-central New Mexico at the Alamogordo Bombing and Gunnery Range at 05:29 AM on 16 July 1945. This article provides detailed information on the methods that were used in this work to estimate the radiation doses that were received by the population that resided in New Mexico in 1945. The 721 voting precincts of New Mexico were classified according to ecozone (plains, mountains, or mixture of plains and mountains), and size of resident population (urban or rural). Methods were developed to prepare estimates of absorbed doses from a range of 63 radionuclides to five organs or tissues (thyroid, active marrow, stomach, colon, and lung) for representative individuals of each voting precinct selected according to ethnicity (Hispanic, White, Native American, and African American) and age group in 1945 (in utero, newborn, 1-2 y, 3-7 y, 8-12 y, 13-17 y, and adult). Three pathways of human exposure were included: (1) external irradiation from the radionuclides deposited on the ground; (2) inhalation of radionuclide-contaminated air during the passage of the radioactive cloud and, thereafter, of radionuclides transferred (resuspended) from soil to air; and (3) ingestion of contaminated water and foodstuffs. Within the ingestion pathway, 13 types of foods and sources of water were considered. Well established models were used for estimation of doses resulting from the three pathways using parameter values developed from extensive literature review. Because previous experience and calculations have shown that the annual dose delivered during the year following a nuclear test is much greater than the doses received in the years after that first year, the time period that was considered is limited to the first year following the day of the test (16 July 1945). Numerical estimates of absorbed doses, based on the methods described in this article, are presented in a separate article in this issue.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Air Pollutants, Radioactive/analysis ; Body Burden ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; New Mexico/epidemiology ; Nuclear Weapons/statistics & numerical data ; Population Surveillance ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Monitoring/methods ; Radioactive Fallout/analysis ; Relative Biological Effectiveness ; Risk Assessment/methods ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants, Radioactive ; Radioactive Fallout
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2406-5
ISSN	1538-5159 ; 0017-9078
ISSN (online)	1538-5159
ISSN	0017-9078
DOI	10.1097/HP.0000000000001331
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 128: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 253: Show issues

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Parameter Values for Estimation of Internal Doses from Ingestion of Radioactive Fallout from Nuclear Detonations.

Thiessen, Kathleen M / Hoffman, F Owen / Bouville, André / Anspaugh, Lynn R / Beck, Harold L / Simon, Steven L

Health physics

2021 Volume 122, Issue 1, Page(s) 236–268

Abstract: Abstract: This paper suggests values or probability distributions for a variety of parameters used in estimating internal doses from radioactive fallout due to ingestion of food. Parameters include those needed to assess the interception and initial ... ...

Abstract	Abstract: This paper suggests values or probability distributions for a variety of parameters used in estimating internal doses from radioactive fallout due to ingestion of food. Parameters include those needed to assess the interception and initial retention of radionuclides by vegetation, translocation of deposited radionuclides to edible plant parts, root uptake by plants, transfer of radionuclides from vegetation into milk and meat, transfer of radionuclides into non-agricultural plants and wildlife, and transfer from food and drinking water to mother's milk (human breast milk). The paper includes discussions of the weathering half-life for contamination on plant surfaces, biological half-lives of organisms, food processing (culinary factors), and contamination of drinking water. As appropriate, and as information exists, parameter values or distributions are specific for elements, chemical forms, plant types, or other relevant characteristics. Information has been obtained from the open literature and from publications of the International Atomic Energy Agency. These values and probability distributions are intended to be generic; they should be reviewed for applicability to a given location, time period, or season of the year, as appropriate. In particular, agricultural practices and dietary habits may vary considerably both with geography and over time in a given location.
MeSH term(s)	Eating ; Female ; Food Contamination, Radioactive/analysis ; Half-Life ; Humans ; Radioactive Fallout/analysis ; Radioisotopes
Chemical Substances	Radioactive Fallout ; Radioisotopes
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2406-5
ISSN	1538-5159 ; 0017-9078
ISSN (online)	1538-5159
ISSN	0017-9078
DOI	10.1097/HP.0000000000001493
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 128: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 253: Show issues

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: A Methodology for Calculation of Internal Dose Following Exposure to Radioactive Fallout from the Detonation of a Nuclear Fission Device.

Anspaugh, Lynn R / Bouville, André / Thiessen, Kathleen M / Hoffman, F Owen / Beck, Harold L / Gordeev, Konstantin I / Simon, Steven L

Health physics

2021 Volume 122, Issue 1, Page(s) 84–124

Abstract: Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to provide a methodology for the calculation of internal doses of radiation following exposure to radioactive fallout from the detonation of a nuclear fission device. Reliance is on methodology previously published ...

Abstract	Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to provide a methodology for the calculation of internal doses of radiation following exposure to radioactive fallout from the detonation of a nuclear fission device. Reliance is on methodology previously published in the open literature or in reports not readily available, though some new analysis is also included. Herein, we present two methodologic variations: one simpler to implement, the other more difficult but more flexible. The intention is to provide in one place a comprehensive methodology. Pathways considered are (1) the ingestion of vegetables and fruits contaminated by fallout directly, (2) the ingestion of vegetables and fruits contaminated by continuing deposition by rain- or irrigation-splash and resuspension, (3) the ingestion of vegetables and fruits contaminated by absorption of radionuclides by roots after tillage of soil, (4) the non-equilibrium transfer of short-lived radionuclides through the cow-milk and goat-milk food chains, (5) the equilibrium transfer of long lived radionuclides through milk and meat food chains, and (6) inhalation of descending fallout. Uncertainty in calculated results is considered. This is one of six companion papers that describe a comprehensive methodology for assessing both external and internal dose following exposures to fallout from a nuclear detonation. Input required to implement the dose-estimation model for any particular location consists of an estimate of the post-detonation external gamma-exposure rate and an estimate of the time of arrival of the fallout cloud. The additional data required to make such calculations are included in the six companion papers.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cattle ; Female ; Nuclear Fission ; Radiation Dosage ; Radioactive Fallout/analysis ; Radioisotopes/analysis
Chemical Substances	Radioactive Fallout ; Radioisotopes
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2406-5
ISSN	1538-5159 ; 0017-9078
ISSN (online)	1538-5159
ISSN	0017-9078
DOI	10.1097/HP.0000000000001503
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 128: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 253: Show issues

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Dose Estimation for Exposure to Radioactive Fallout from Nuclear Detonations.

Simon, Steven L / Bouville, André / Beck, Harold L / Anspaugh, Lynn R / Thiessen, Kathleen M / Hoffman, F Owen / Shinkarev, Sergey

Health physics

2021 Volume 122, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–20

Abstract: Abstract: In recent years, the prospects that a nuclear device might be detonated due to a regional or global political conflict, by violation of present nuclear weapons test ban agreements, or due to an act of terrorism, has increased. Thus, the need ... ...

Abstract	Abstract: In recent years, the prospects that a nuclear device might be detonated due to a regional or global political conflict, by violation of present nuclear weapons test ban agreements, or due to an act of terrorism, has increased. Thus, the need exists for a well conceptualized, well described, and internally consistent methodology for dose estimation that takes full advantage of the experience gained over the last 70 y in both measurement technology and dose assessment methodology. Here, the models, rationale, and data needed for a detailed state-of-the-art dose assessment for exposure to radioactive fallout from nuclear detonations discussed in five companion papers are summarized. These five papers present methods and data for estimating radionuclide deposition of fallout radionuclides, internal and external dose from the deposited fallout, and discussion of the uncertainties in the assessed doses. In addition, this paper includes a brief discussion of secondary issues related to assessments of radiation dose from fallout. The intention of this work is to provide a usable and consistent methodology for both prospective and retrospective assessments of exposure from radioactive fallout from a nuclear detonation.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced ; Nuclear Weapons ; Prospective Studies ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Monitoring/methods ; Radioactive Fallout/analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment/methods
Chemical Substances	Radioactive Fallout
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	2406-5
ISSN	1538-5159 ; 0017-9078
ISSN (online)	1538-5159
ISSN	0017-9078
DOI	10.1097/HP.0000000000001501
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 128: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 253: Show issues

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: A Method for Estimating the Deposition Density of Fallout on the Ground and on Vegetation from a Low-yield, Low-altitude Nuclear Detonation.

Beck, Harold L / Bouville, André / Simon, Steven L / Anspaugh, Lynn R / Thiessen, Kathleen M / Shinkarev, Sergey / Gordeev, Konstantin

Health physics

2021 Volume 122, Issue 1, Page(s) 21–53

Abstract: Abstract: This paper describes a relatively simple model developed from observations of local fallout from US and USSR nuclear tests that allows reasonable estimates to be made of the deposition density (activity per unit area) on both the ground and on ...

Abstract	Abstract: This paper describes a relatively simple model developed from observations of local fallout from US and USSR nuclear tests that allows reasonable estimates to be made of the deposition density (activity per unit area) on both the ground and on vegetation for each radionuclide of interest produced in a nuclear fission detonation as a function of location and time after the explosion. In addition to accounting for decay rate and in-growth of radionuclides, the model accounts for the fractionation (modification of the relative activity of various fission and activation products in fallout relative to that produced in the explosion) that results from differences in the condensation temperatures of the various fission and activation products produced in the explosion. The proposed methodology can be used to estimate the deposition density of all fallout radionuclides produced in a low yield, low altitude fission detonation that contribute significantly to dose. The method requires only data from post-detonation measurements of exposure rate (or beta or a specific nuclide activity) and fallout time-of-arrival. These deposition-density estimates allow retrospective as well as rapid prospective estimates to be made of both external and internal radiation exposure to downwind populations living within a few hundred kilometers of ground zero, as described in the companion papers in this volume.
MeSH term(s)	Altitude ; Prospective Studies ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Monitoring/methods ; Radioactive Fallout/analysis ; Retrospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Radioactive Fallout
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	2406-5
ISSN	1538-5159 ; 0017-9078
ISSN (online)	1538-5159
ISSN	0017-9078
DOI	10.1097/HP.0000000000001496
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 128: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 253: Show issues

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: A Methodology for Estimating External Doses to Individuals and Populations Exposed to Radioactive Fallout from Nuclear Detonations.

Bouville, André / Beck, Harold L / Anspaugh, Lynn R / Gordeev, Konstantin / Shinkarev, Sergey / Thiessen, Kathleen M / Hoffman, F Owen / Simon, Steven L

Health physics

2021 Volume 122, Issue 1, Page(s) 54–83

Abstract: Abstract: A methodology of assessment of the doses from external irradiation resulting from the ground deposition of radioactive debris (fallout) from a nuclear detonation is proposed in this paper. The input data used to apply this methodology for a ... ...

Abstract	Abstract: A methodology of assessment of the doses from external irradiation resulting from the ground deposition of radioactive debris (fallout) from a nuclear detonation is proposed in this paper. The input data used to apply this methodology for a particular location are the outdoor exposure rate at any time after deposition of fallout and the time-of-arrival of fallout, as indicated and discussed in a companion paper titled "A Method for Estimating the Deposition Density of Fallout on the Ground and on Vegetation from a Low-yield Low-altitude Nuclear Detonation." Example doses are estimated for several age categories and for all radiosensitive organs and tissues identified in the most recent ICRP publications. Doses are calculated for the first year after the detonation, when more than 90% of the external dose is delivered for populations close to the detonation site over a time period of 70 y, which is intended to represent the lifetime dose. Modeled doses in their simplest form assume no environmental remediation, though modifications can be introduced. Two types of dose assessment are considered: (1) initial, for a rapid but only approximate dose estimation soon after the nuclear detonation; and (2) improved, for a later, more accurate, dose assessment following the analysis of post-detonation measurements of radiation exposure and fallout deposition and the access of information on the lifestyle of the exposed population.
MeSH term(s)	Body Burden ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology ; Radiation Dosage ; Radioactive Fallout/analysis ; Risk Assessment/methods
Chemical Substances	Radioactive Fallout
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	2406-5
ISSN	1538-5159 ; 0017-9078
ISSN (online)	1538-5159
ISSN	0017-9078
DOI	10.1097/HP.0000000000001504
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 128: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 253: Show issues

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: A review of dosimetry used in epidemiological studies considered to evaluate the linear no-threshold (LNT) dose-response model for radiation protection.

Till, John E / Beck, Harold L / Grogan, Helen A / Caffrey, Emily A

International journal of radiation biology

2017 Volume 93, Issue 10, Page(s) 1128–1144

Abstract: Background: Accurate dosimetry is key to deriving the dose response from radiation exposure in an epidemiological study. It becomes increasingly important to estimate dose as accurately as possible when evaluating low dose and low dose rate as the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Accurate dosimetry is key to deriving the dose response from radiation exposure in an epidemiological study. It becomes increasingly important to estimate dose as accurately as possible when evaluating low dose and low dose rate as the calculation of excess relative risk per Gray (ERR/Gy) is very sensitive to the number of excess cancers observed, and this can lead to significant errors if the dosimetry is of poor quality. By including an analysis of the dosimetry, we gain a far better appreciation of the robustness of the work from the standpoint of its value in supporting the shape of the dose response curve at low doses and low dose rates. This article summarizes a review of dosimetry supporting epidemiological studies currently being considered for a re-evaluation of the linear no-threshold assumption as a basis for radiation protection. The dosimetry for each study was evaluated based on important attributes from a dosimetry perspective. Our dosimetry review consisted of dosimetry supporting epidemiological studies published in the literature during the past 15 years. Based on our review, it is clear there is wide variation in the quality of the dosimetry underlying each study. Every study has strengths and weaknesses. The article describes the results of our review, explaining which studies clearly stand out for their strengths as well as common weaknesses among all investigations. Purpose: To summarize a review of dosimetry used in epidemiological studies being considered by the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) in an evaluation of the linear no-threshold dose-response model that underpins the current framework of radiation protection. Materials and methods: The authors evaluated each study using criteria considered important from a dosimetry perspective. The dosimetry analysis was divided into the following categories: (1) general study characteristics, (2) dose assignment, (3) uncertainty, (4) dose confounders (5) dose validation, and (6) strengths and weaknesses of the dosimetry. Our review focused on approximately 20 studies published in the literature primarily during the past 15 years. Results: Based on the review, it is clear there is wide variation in the quality of the dosimetry underlying each study. Every study has strengths and weaknesses. This paper describes the results of our review, identifies common weaknesses among all investigations, and recognizes studies that clearly stand out for their overall strengths. Conclusions: The paper concludes by offering recommendations to investigators on possible ways in which dosimetry could be improved in future epidemiological studies.
MeSH term(s)	Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Radiation Exposure/adverse effects ; Radiation Protection ; Radiometry/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	3065-x
ISSN	1362-3095 ; 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
ISSN (online)	1362-3095
ISSN	0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
DOI	10.1080/09553002.2017.1337280
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Ue I Zs.280: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

To top

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito