LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 7 of total 7

Search options

Article: An uphill battle? The elevational distribution of alien plant species along rivers and roads in the Austrian Alps

Vorstenbosch, Tom / Essl, Franz / Lenzner, Bernd

NeoBiota. 2020 Oct. 22, v. 63

2020

Abstract: Ever-increasing international trade and anthropogenic activity has led to the relocation of thousands of plant species worldwide. So far, the harsh climate of the European Alps historically has restricted the establishment of alien plants. However, new ... ...

Abstract	Ever-increasing international trade and anthropogenic activity has led to the relocation of thousands of plant species worldwide. So far, the harsh climate of the European Alps historically has restricted the establishment of alien plants. However, new opportunities created by rising temperatures and increasing human activity might allow alien plants to spread further upwards. Here, the distribution of alien plants along an altitudinal gradient in two Austrian valleys is analyzed. Specifically, the distribution along two contrasting corridors (roads, rivers) and the spread of alien plants into adjacent habitats is examined. Following the MIREN sampling protocol, 20 transects composed of three plots along each river and main road, were established in each study region. Plant species cover and a range of site-specific factors were collected. In total, 641 plant species were recorded, of which 20 were alien. Alien species richness along roads was slightly higher compared to rivers, and the composition of the alien flora differed markedly between roads and rivers. Further, alien plant species richness decreases with distance to roads and rivers (indicating that adjacent habitats are less invaded), as well as with increasing elevation. Mowing along roadsides resulted in lower alien plant species cover, but higher alien plant species richness. Finally, compositional dissimilarity between sites showed that elevation, proximity of a plot to a river or road, and alien plant cover are important factors for higher dissimilarity. This study demonstrates that both natural (rivers) and man-made (roads) corridors play an essential role in the upward spread of different alien plants in mountains.
Keywords	altitude ; anthropogenic activities ; climate ; flora ; humans ; international trade ; introduced plants ; rivers ; species richness
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-1022
Size	p. 1-24.
Publishing place	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2628537-X
ISSN	1314-2488 ; 1619-0033
ISSN (online)	1314-2488
ISSN	1619-0033
DOI	10.3897/neobiota.63.55096
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

Order via subito

This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

Article ; Online: An uphill battle? The elevational distribution of alien plant species along rivers and roads in the Austrian Alps

Tom Vorstenbosch / Franz Essl / Bernd Lenzner

NeoBiota, Vol 63, Iss , Pp 1-

2020 Volume 24

Abstract	Ever-increasing international trade and anthropogenic activity has led to the relocation of thousands of plant species worldwide. So far, the harsh climate of the European Alps historically has restricted the establishment of alien plants. However, new opportunities created by rising temperatures and increasing human activity might allow alien plants to spread further upwards. Here, the distribution of alien plants along an altitudinal gradient in two Austrian valleys is analyzed. Specifically, the distribution along two contrasting corridors (roads, rivers) and the spread of alien plants into adjacent habitats is examined. Following the MIREN sampling protocol, 20 transects composed of three plots along each river and main road, were established in each study region. Plant species cover and a range of site-specific factors were collected. In total, 641 plant species were recorded, of which 20 were alien. Alien species richness along roads was slightly higher compared to rivers, and the composition of the alien flora differed markedly between roads and rivers. Further, alien plant species richness decreases with distance to roads and rivers (indicating that adjacent habitats are less invaded), as well as with increasing elevation. Mowing along roadsides resulted in lower alien plant species cover, but higher alien plant species richness. Finally, compositional dissimilarity between sites showed that elevation, proximity of a plot to a river or road, and alien plant cover are important factors for higher dissimilarity. This study demonstrates that both natural (rivers) and man-made (roads) corridors play an essential role in the upward spread of different alien plants in mountains.
Keywords	Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Famine food of vegetal origin consumed in the Netherlands during World War II.

Vorstenbosch, Tom / de Zwarte, Ingrid / Duistermaat, Leni / van Andel, Tinde

Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine

2017 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 63

Abstract: Background: Periods of extreme food shortages during war force people to eat food that they normally do not consider edible. The last time that countries in Western Europe experienced severe scarcities was during World War II. The so-called Dutch famine ...

Abstract	Background: Periods of extreme food shortages during war force people to eat food that they normally do not consider edible. The last time that countries in Western Europe experienced severe scarcities was during World War II. The so-called Dutch famine or Hunger Winter (1944-1945) made at least 25,000 victims. The Dutch government took action by opening soup kitchens and providing information on wild plants and other famine food sources in "wartime cookbooks." The Dutch wartime diet has never been examined from an ethnobotanical perspective. Methods: We interviewed 78 elderly Dutch citizens to verify what they remembered of the consumption of vegetal and fungal famine food during World War II by them and their close surroundings. We asked whether they experienced any adverse effects from consuming famine food plants and how they knew they were edible. We identified plant species mentioned during interviews by their local Dutch names and illustrated field guides and floras. We hypothesized that people living in rural areas consumed more wild species than urban people. A Welch t test was performed to verify whether the number of wild and cultivated species differed between urban and rural citizens. Results: A total number of 38 emergency food species (14 cultivated and 21 wild plants, three wild fungi) were mentioned during interviews. Sugar beets, tulip bulbs, and potato peels were most frequently consumed. Regularly eaten wild species were common nettle, blackberry, and beechnuts. Almost one third of our interviewees explicitly described to have experienced extreme hunger during the war. People from rural areas listed significantly more wild species than urban people. The number of cultivated species consumed by both groups was similar. Negative effects were limited to sore throats and stomachache from the consumption of sugar beets and tulip bulbs. Knowledge on the edibility of famine food was obtained largely by oral transmission; few people remembered the written recipes in wartime cookbooks. Conclusion: This research shows that 71 years after the Second World War, knowledge on famine food species, once crucial for people's survival, is still present in the Dutch society. The information on famine food sources supplied by several institutions was not distributed widely. For the necessary revival of famine food knowledge during the 1940s, people needed to consult a small group of elders. Presumed toxicity was a major reason given by our participants to explain why they did not collect wild plants or mushrooms during the war.
MeSH term(s)	Food Supply ; Humans ; Netherlands ; Plants, Edible ; Starvation ; Vegetables ; World War II
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-11-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1746-4269
ISSN (online)	1746-4269
DOI	10.1186/s13002-017-0190-7
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article: Famine food of vegetal origin consumed in the Netherlands during World War II

Vorstenbosch, Tom / Ingrid de Zwarte / Leni Duistermaat / Tinde van Andel

Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine. 2017 Dec., v. 13, no. 1

2017

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Periods of extreme food shortages during war force people to eat food that they normally do not consider edible. The last time that countries in Western Europe experienced severe scarcities was during World War II. The so-called Dutch famine ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Periods of extreme food shortages during war force people to eat food that they normally do not consider edible. The last time that countries in Western Europe experienced severe scarcities was during World War II. The so-called Dutch famine or Hunger Winter (1944–1945) made at least 25,000 victims. The Dutch government took action by opening soup kitchens and providing information on wild plants and other famine food sources in “wartime cookbooks.” The Dutch wartime diet has never been examined from an ethnobotanical perspective. METHODS: We interviewed 78 elderly Dutch citizens to verify what they remembered of the consumption of vegetal and fungal famine food during World War II by them and their close surroundings. We asked whether they experienced any adverse effects from consuming famine food plants and how they knew they were edible. We identified plant species mentioned during interviews by their local Dutch names and illustrated field guides and floras. We hypothesized that people living in rural areas consumed more wild species than urban people. A Welch t test was performed to verify whether the number of wild and cultivated species differed between urban and rural citizens. RESULTS: A total number of 38 emergency food species (14 cultivated and 21 wild plants, three wild fungi) were mentioned during interviews. Sugar beets, tulip bulbs, and potato peels were most frequently consumed. Regularly eaten wild species were common nettle, blackberry, and beechnuts. Almost one third of our interviewees explicitly described to have experienced extreme hunger during the war. People from rural areas listed significantly more wild species than urban people. The number of cultivated species consumed by both groups was similar. Negative effects were limited to sore throats and stomachache from the consumption of sugar beets and tulip bulbs. Knowledge on the edibility of famine food was obtained largely by oral transmission; few people remembered the written recipes in wartime cookbooks. CONCLUSION: This research shows that 71 years after the Second World War, knowledge on famine food species, once crucial for people’s survival, is still present in the Dutch society. The information on famine food sources supplied by several institutions was not distributed widely. For the necessary revival of famine food knowledge during the 1940s, people needed to consult a small group of elders. Presumed toxicity was a major reason given by our participants to explain why they did not collect wild plants or mushrooms during the war.
Keywords	adverse effects ; blackberries ; bulbs ; community feeding centers ; diet ; elderly ; ethnobotany ; famine ; food plants ; food shortages ; hunger ; interviews ; mushrooms ; people ; potato peels ; recipes ; rural areas ; society ; sugar beet ; toxicity ; t-test ; Tulipa ; urban population ; wild plants ; Netherlands ; Western European region
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-12
Size	p. 63.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article
ISSN	1746-4269
DOI	10.1186/s13002-017-0190-7
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Famine food of vegetal origin consumed in the Netherlands during World War II

Tom Vorstenbosch / Ingrid de Zwarte / Leni Duistermaat / Tinde van Andel

Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2017 Volume 15

Abstract: Abstract Background Periods of extreme food shortages during war force people to eat food that they normally do not consider edible. The last time that countries in Western Europe experienced severe scarcities was during World War II. The so-called Dutch ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Periods of extreme food shortages during war force people to eat food that they normally do not consider edible. The last time that countries in Western Europe experienced severe scarcities was during World War II. The so-called Dutch famine or Hunger Winter (1944–1945) made at least 25,000 victims. The Dutch government took action by opening soup kitchens and providing information on wild plants and other famine food sources in “wartime cookbooks.” The Dutch wartime diet has never been examined from an ethnobotanical perspective. Methods We interviewed 78 elderly Dutch citizens to verify what they remembered of the consumption of vegetal and fungal famine food during World War II by them and their close surroundings. We asked whether they experienced any adverse effects from consuming famine food plants and how they knew they were edible. We identified plant species mentioned during interviews by their local Dutch names and illustrated field guides and floras. We hypothesized that people living in rural areas consumed more wild species than urban people. A Welch t test was performed to verify whether the number of wild and cultivated species differed between urban and rural citizens. Results A total number of 38 emergency food species (14 cultivated and 21 wild plants, three wild fungi) were mentioned during interviews. Sugar beets, tulip bulbs, and potato peels were most frequently consumed. Regularly eaten wild species were common nettle, blackberry, and beechnuts. Almost one third of our interviewees explicitly described to have experienced extreme hunger during the war. People from rural areas listed significantly more wild species than urban people. The number of cultivated species consumed by both groups was similar. Negative effects were limited to sore throats and stomachache from the consumption of sugar beets and tulip bulbs. Knowledge on the edibility of famine food was obtained largely by oral transmission; few people remembered the written recipes in wartime cookbooks. ...
Keywords	Dutch famine ; Emergency food ; Recipes ; Tulip bulbs ; Wild plant collection ; World War II ; Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999 ; Botany ; QK1-989
Subject code	590 ; 950
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Famine food of vegetal origin consumed in the Netherlands during World War II

Vorstenbosch, Tom / de Zwarte, Ingrid / Duistermaat, Leni / van Andel, Tinde

Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine

2017 Volume 13, Issue 1

Abstract	Background: Periods of extreme food shortages during war force people to eat food that they normally do not consider edible. The last time that countries in Western Europe experienced severe scarcities was during World War II. The so-called Dutch famine or Hunger Winter (1944-1945) made at least 25,000 victims. The Dutch government took action by opening soup kitchens and providing information on wild plants and other famine food sources in "wartime cookbooks." The Dutch wartime diet has never been examined from an ethnobotanical perspective. Methods: We interviewed 78 elderly Dutch citizens to verify what they remembered of the consumption of vegetal and fungal famine food during World War II by them and their close surroundings. We asked whether they experienced any adverse effects from consuming famine food plants and how they knew they were edible. We identified plant species mentioned during interviews by their local Dutch names and illustrated field guides and floras. We hypothesized that people living in rural areas consumed more wild species than urban people. A Welch t test was performed to verify whether the number of wild and cultivated species differed between urban and rural citizens. Results: A total number of 38 emergency food species (14 cultivated and 21 wild plants, three wild fungi) were mentioned during interviews. Sugar beets, tulip bulbs, and potato peels were most frequently consumed. Regularly eaten wild species were common nettle, blackberry, and beechnuts. Almost one third of our interviewees explicitly described to have experienced extreme hunger during the war. People from rural areas listed significantly more wild species than urban people. The number of cultivated species consumed by both groups was similar. Negative effects were limited to sore throats and stomachache from the consumption of sugar beets and tulip bulbs. Knowledge on the edibility of famine food was obtained largely by oral transmission; few people remembered the written recipes in wartime cookbooks. Conclusion: ...
Keywords	Dutch famine ; Emergency food ; Recipes ; Tulip bulbs ; Wild plant collection ; World War II
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2202544-3
ISSN	1746-4269
ISSN	1746-4269
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Order via subito

Details ▾
- Full text online
- Order with fees

Article: Think globally, measure locally: The MIREN standardized protocol for monitoring plant species distributions along elevation gradients.

Haider, Sylvia / Lembrechts, Jonas J / McDougall, Keith / Pauchard, Aníbal / Alexander, Jake M / Barros, Agustina / Cavieres, Lohengrin A / Rashid, Irfan / Rew, Lisa J / Aleksanyan, Alla / Arévalo, José R / Aschero, Valeria / Chisholm, Chelsea / Clark, V Ralph / Clavel, Jan / Daehler, Curtis / Dar, Pervaiz A / Dietz, Hansjörg / Dimarco, Romina D /

Edwards, Peter / Essl, Franz / Fuentes-Lillo, Eduardo / Guisan, Antoine / Gwate, Onalenna / Hargreaves, Anna L / Jakobs, Gabi / Jiménez, Alejandra / Kardol, Paul / Kueffer, Christoph / Larson, Christian / Lenoir, Jonathan / Lenzner, Bernd / Padrón Mederos, Miguel A / Mihoc, Maritza / Milbau, Ann / Morgan, John W / Müllerová, Jana / Naylor, Bridgett J / Nijs, Ivan / Nuñez, Martin A / Otto, Rüdiger / Preuk, Niels / Ratier Backes, Amanda / Reshi, Zafar A / Rumpf, Sabine B / Sandoya, Verónica / Schroder, Mellesa / Speziale, Karina L / Urbach, Davnah / Valencia, Graciela / Vandvik, Vigdis / Vitková, Michaela / Vorstenbosch, Tom / Walker, Tom W N / Walsh, Neville / Wright, Genevieve / Zong, Shengwei / Seipel, Tim

Ecology and evolution

2022 Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) e8590

Abstract: Climate change and other global change drivers threaten plant diversity in mountains worldwide. A widely documented response to such environmental modifications is for plant species to change their elevational ranges. Range shifts are often idiosyncratic ...

Abstract	Climate change and other global change drivers threaten plant diversity in mountains worldwide. A widely documented response to such environmental modifications is for plant species to change their elevational ranges. Range shifts are often idiosyncratic and difficult to generalize, partly due to variation in sampling methods. There is thus a need for a standardized monitoring strategy that can be applied across mountain regions to assess distribution changes and community turnover of native and non-native plant species over space and time. Here, we present a conceptually intuitive and standardized protocol developed by the Mountain Invasion Research Network (MIREN) to systematically quantify global patterns of native and non-native species distributions along elevation gradients and shifts arising from interactive effects of climate change and human disturbance. Usually repeated every five years, surveys consist of 20 sample sites located at equal elevation increments along three replicate roads per sampling region. At each site, three plots extend from the side of a mountain road into surrounding natural vegetation. The protocol has been successfully used in 18 regions worldwide from 2007 to present. Analyses of one point in time already generated some salient results, and revealed region-specific elevational patterns of native plant species richness, but a globally consistent elevational decline in non-native species richness. Non-native plants were also more abundant directly adjacent to road edges, suggesting that disturbed roadsides serve as a vector for invasions into mountains. From the upcoming analyses of time series, even more exciting results can be expected, especially about range shifts. Implementing the protocol in more mountain regions globally would help to generate a more complete picture of how global change alters species distributions. This would inform conservation policy in mountain ecosystems, where some conservation policies remain poorly implemented.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2635675-2
ISSN	2045-7758
ISSN	2045-7758
DOI	10.1002/ece3.8590
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

To top

Search results

Search options

Article: An uphill battle? The elevational distribution of alien plant species along rivers and roads in the Austrian Alps

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Article ; Online: An uphill battle? The elevational distribution of alien plant species along rivers and roads in the Austrian Alps

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Article ; Online: Famine food of vegetal origin consumed in the Netherlands during World War II.

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Article: Famine food of vegetal origin consumed in the Netherlands during World War II

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Article ; Online: Famine food of vegetal origin consumed in the Netherlands during World War II

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Article ; Online: Famine food of vegetal origin consumed in the Netherlands during World War II

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Article: Think globally, measure locally: The MIREN standardized protocol for monitoring plant species distributions along elevation gradients.

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito