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Article ; Online: Expression pattern of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes in skeletal muscle of patients with mitochondrial myopathy associated with the homoplasmic m.14674T>C variant.

Roos, Sara / Hedberg-Oldfors, Carola / Visuttijai, Kittichate / Stein, My / Kollberg, Gittan / Elíasdóttir, Ólöf / Lindberg, Christopher / Darin, Niklas / Oldfors, Anders

Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 32, Issue 4, Page(s) e13038

Abstract: Two homoplasmic variants in ... ...

Abstract	Two homoplasmic variants in tRNA
MeSH term(s)	Cytochrome-c Oxidase Deficiency/genetics ; Cytochrome-c Oxidase Deficiency/pathology ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Electron Transport ; Humans ; Mitochondrial Myopathies/genetics ; Mitochondrial Myopathies/pathology ; Muscle, Skeletal/pathology ; Mutation
Chemical Substances	DNA, Mitochondrial
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1051484-3
ISSN	1750-3639 ; 1015-6305
ISSN (online)	1750-3639
ISSN	1015-6305
DOI	10.1111/bpa.13038
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Article: Regulation of C/EBP beta/NF-M activity by kinase oncogenes.

Twamley-Stein, G / Kowenz-Leutz, E / Ansieau, S / Leutz, A

Current topics in microbiology and immunology

1996 Volume 211, Page(s) 129–136

Abstract: ... as C/EBP beta (called NF-M in the chicken system) is particularly important in myelomonocytic cells ... CAAT Enhancer Binding proteins (C/EBP) belong to a family of transcription factors which are ... specific genes. Experiments dissecting the structure of NF-M suggest that it is a repressed transcription ...

Abstract	CAAT Enhancer Binding proteins (C/EBP) belong to a family of transcription factors which are implicated in a number of developmental and growth regulatory processes. One member of this family known as C/EBP beta (called NF-M in the chicken system) is particularly important in myelomonocytic cells because it is targeted by kinases and collaborates with the Myb oncoprotein to induce the expression of myeloid specific genes. Experiments dissecting the structure of NF-M suggest that it is a repressed transcription factor. Using the yeast two-hybrid system we showed that a negative regulatory domain masks the transactivation domain. Examination of NF-M mutants suggests that kinase (proto-) oncogenes uncover the concealed transcriptional activity by phosphorylation of the negative regulatory domain.
MeSH term(s)	Binding Sites ; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Cell Line ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Oncogene Proteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
Chemical Substances	CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Nuclear Proteins ; Oncogene Proteins ; Transcription Factors ; nuclear factor NF-M ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.17)
Language	English
Publishing date	1996
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0070-217X
ISSN	0070-217X
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Book: Mental disorders around the world

Scott, Kate M. / Jonge, Peter de / Stein, Dan J. / Kessler, Ronald C.

facts and figures from the WHO World Mental Health surveys

(Cambridge medicine)

2018

Author's details	edited by Kate M. Scott, Peter de Jonge, Dan J. Stein, Ronald C. Kessler
Series title	Cambridge medicine
Keywords	Mental Disorders / epidemiology ; Health Surveys ; Global Health / statistics & numerical data
Language	English
Size	xii, 384 Seiten, Illustrationen, Diagramme
Publisher	Cambridge University Press
Publishing place	Cambridge
Publishing country	Great Britain
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT019724286
ISBN	978-1-107-11570-5 ; 9781108548304 ; 1-107-11570-1 ; 110854830X
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2018 A 971	available for loan (reading room)	Lesesaal EG

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Article: The visual basis of reading and reading difficulties.

Stein, John

Frontiers in neuroscience

2022 Volume 16, Page(s) 1004027

Abstract: ... of developmental dyslexia (DD). For much of the 20th C. this was diagnosed on the basis of finding a discrepancy between ... by a distinct set of "magnocellular" (M-) neurones in the visual system; and the development of these has been ...

Abstract	Most of our knowledge about the neural networks mediating reading has derived from studies of developmental dyslexia (DD). For much of the 20th C. this was diagnosed on the basis of finding a discrepancy between children's unexpectedly low reading and spelling scores compared with their normal or high oral and non-verbal reasoning ability. This discrepancy criterion has now been replaced by the claim that the main feature of dyslexia is a phonological deficit, and it is now argued that we should test for this to identify dyslexia. However, grasping the phonological principle is essential for all learning to read; so every poor reader will show a phonological deficit. The phonological theory does not explain why dyslexic people, in particular, fail; so this phonological criterion makes it impossible to distinguish DD from any of the many other causes of reading failure. Currently therefore, there is no agreement about precisely how we should identify it. Yet, if we understood the specific neural pathways that underlie failure to acquire phonological skills specifically in people with dyslexia, we should be able to develop reliable means of identifying it. An important, though not the only, cause in people with dyslexia is impaired development of the brain's rapid visual temporal processing systems; these are required for sequencing the order of the letters in a word accurately. Such temporal, "transient," processing is carried out primarily by a distinct set of "magnocellular" (M-) neurones in the visual system; and the development of these has been found to be impaired in many people with dyslexia. Likewise, auditory sequencing of the sounds in a word is mediated by the auditory temporal processing system whose development is impaired in many dyslexics. Together these two deficits can therefore explain their problems with acquiring the phonological principle. Assessing poor readers' visual and auditory temporal processing skills should enable dyslexia to be reliably distinguished from other causes of reading failure and this will suggest principled ways of helping these children to learn to read, such as sensory training, yellow or blue filters or omega 3 fatty acid supplements. This will enable us to diagnose DD with confidence, and thus to develop educational plans targeted to exploit each individual child's strengths and compensate for his weaknesses.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2411902-7
ISSN	1662-453X ; 1662-4548
ISSN (online)	1662-453X
ISSN	1662-4548
DOI	10.3389/fnins.2022.1004027
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Article ; Online: Ground-state stability and the nature of the spin glass phase.

Newman, C M / Stein, D L

Physical review. E

2022 Volume 105, Issue 4-1, Page(s) 44132

Abstract: We propose an approach toward understanding the spin glass phase at zero and low temperature by studying the stability of a spin glass ground state against perturbations of a single coupling. After reviewing the concepts of flexibility, critical droplet, ...

Abstract	We propose an approach toward understanding the spin glass phase at zero and low temperature by studying the stability of a spin glass ground state against perturbations of a single coupling. After reviewing the concepts of flexibility, critical droplet, and related quantities for both finite- and infinite-volume ground states, we study some of their properties and review three models in which these quantities are partially or fully understood. We also review a recent result showing the connection between our approach and that of disorder chaos. We then view four proposed scenarios for the low-temperature spin glass phase-replica symmetry breaking, scaling-droplet, TNT, and chaotic pairs-through the lens of the predictions of each scenario for the lowest-energy large-lengthscale excitations above the ground state. Using a new concept called σ-criticality, which quantifies the sensitivity of ground states to single-bond coupling variations, we show that each of these four pictures can be identified with different critical droplet geometries and energies. We also investigate necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of multiple incongruent ground states.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2844562-4
ISSN	2470-0053 ; 2470-0045
ISSN (online)	2470-0053
ISSN	2470-0045
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevE.105.044132
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Article ; Online: Proof of Single-Replica Equivalence in Short-Range Spin Glasses.

Newman, C M / Read, N / Stein, D L

Physical review letters

2023 Volume 130, Issue 7, Page(s) 77102

Abstract: We consider short-range Ising spin glasses in equilibrium at infinite system size, and prove that, for fixed bond realization and a given Gibbs state drawn from a suitable metastate, each translation and locally invariant function (for example, self- ... ...

Abstract	We consider short-range Ising spin glasses in equilibrium at infinite system size, and prove that, for fixed bond realization and a given Gibbs state drawn from a suitable metastate, each translation and locally invariant function (for example, self-overlaps) of a single pure state in the decomposition of the Gibbs state takes the same value for all the pure states in that Gibbs state. We describe several significant applications to spin glasses.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.077102
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Article: Reply to: Successful Isatuximab Desensitization in a Patient With Refractory Multiple Myeloma and Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis.

Torres Górriz, M C / Borrás Cuartero, J / Pesántez Méndez, C G / Stein Coronado, C I / Enrique, E

Journal of investigational allergology & clinical immunology

2024

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-26
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1128657-x
ISSN	1018-9068
ISSN	1018-9068
DOI	10.18176/jiaci.0992
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Zs.A 3487: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Epigenetic changes induced by pathogenic Chlamydia spp.

Stein, Richard A / Thompson, Lily M

Pathogens and disease

2023 Volume 81

Abstract: Chlamydia trachomatis, C. pneumoniae, and C. psittaci, the three Chlamydia species known to cause ... animal, and human studies also established additional correlations, such as between C. pneumoniae and ... atherosclerosis and between C. trachomatis and ovarian cancer. As part of their survival and pathogenesis ...

Abstract	Chlamydia trachomatis, C. pneumoniae, and C. psittaci, the three Chlamydia species known to cause human disease, have been collectively linked to several pathologies, including conjunctivitis, trachoma, respiratory disease, acute and chronic urogenital infections and their complications, and psittacosis. In vitro, animal, and human studies also established additional correlations, such as between C. pneumoniae and atherosclerosis and between C. trachomatis and ovarian cancer. As part of their survival and pathogenesis strategies as obligate intracellular bacteria, Chlamydia spp. modulate all three major types of epigenetic changes, which include deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation, histone post-translational modifications, and microRNA-mediated gene silencing. Some of these epigenetic changes may be implicated in key aspects of pathogenesis, such as the ability of the Chlamydia spp. to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, interfere with DNA damage repair, suppress cholesterol efflux from infected macrophages, act as a co-factor in human papillomavirus (HPV)-mediated cervical cancer, prevent apoptosis, and preserve the integrity of mitochondrial networks in infected host cells. A better understanding of the individual and collective contribution of epigenetic changes to pathogenesis will enhance our knowledge about the biology of Chlamydia spp. and facilitate the development of novel therapies and biomarkers. Pathogenic Chlamydia spp. contribute to epigenetically-mediated gene expression changes in host cells by multiple mechanisms.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Chlamydia Infections/microbiology ; Chlamydia ; Chlamydia trachomatis/genetics ; Psittacosis/genetics ; Trachoma ; Apoptosis ; Epigenesis, Genetic
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2049-632X
ISSN (online)	2049-632X
DOI	10.1093/femspd/ftad034
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Article ; Online: Antiproliferative and immunomodulative potential of Citrullus colocynthis and its bioactive compounds in human lymphocytes and lung cells.

Stein, Carina / Voigts, Johanna / Niederreiter, Lisa / Kowarschik, Stefanie / Huber, Roman / Lüth, Volker M

Journal of ethnopharmacology

2024 Volume 328, Page(s) 118053

Abstract: ... immunomodulating effects of C. colocynthis and isolated cucurbitacins on human T lymphocytes and lung ... Different concentrations of an ethanolic extract of C. colocynthis fruits and cucurbitacins B (CuB), E (CuE ... assay.: Results: Non-toxic concentrations of C. colocynthis and CuE-Glu showed dose-dependent effects ...

Abstract	Ethnopharmacological relevance: Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad is a member of the Cucurbitaceae plant family which has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of lung diseases such as asthma and bronchitis. Aim of the study: The study was conducted to investigate antiproliferative and immunomodulating effects of C. colocynthis and isolated cucurbitacins on human T lymphocytes and lung epithelial cells in order to evaluate their potential in the treatment of airway diseases. Materials and methods: Different concentrations of an ethanolic extract of C. colocynthis fruits and cucurbitacins B (CuB), E (CuE) and E-glucopyranoside (CuE-Glu) were analysed for their cytotoxicity and immunomodulatory potential on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) of healthy donors and on the epithelial lung cancer cell line A549. Viability and proliferation were tested using WST1 and CFSE assays. Flow cytometric analysis of AnnexinV/PI staining was used to investigate cell death through apoptosis/necrosis. Effects on regulatory mechanisms of T lymphocytes, such as CD69 and CD25 marker activation, cytokine production of the cytokines interleukin 2 (IL2), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interferon γ (IFNy) were also analysed via flow cytometry. Influences on the activator protein 1 (AP1), nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) or nuclear factor 'kappa-light-chain-enhancer' of activated B-cells (NFκB) pathways were analysed in the Jurkat reporter cell line. Cytokine secretion in A549 cells stimulated with virus-like particles was analysed using the bead-based Legendplex™ assay. Results: Non-toxic concentrations of C. colocynthis and CuE-Glu showed dose-dependent effects on viability and proliferation in both T lymphocytes and A549 cells. The extracts inhibited lymphocyte activation and suppressed T cell effector functions, which was also shown by lower production of cytokines IL2, TNFα and IFNy. A dose dependent inhibition of the pathways NFκB, NFAT and AP1 in Jurkat cells could be observed. In A549 cells, especially CuE and CuE-Glu showed inhibitory effects on cytokine production following a simulated viral infection. Unglycosylated cucurbitacins were more effective in suppressing the immune function in lymphocytes than glycosylated cucurbitacins, however this activity is limited to cytotoxic concentrations. Conclusion: In our study we could confirm the immunmodulating effect of C. colocynthis and cucurbitacins B, E and E-glucopyranoside in vitro by suppression of different pathways of inflammation and T cell proliferation. Activity in a lung cell model using a virus-like stimulation shows promise for further research regarding cucurbitacins in airway diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Citrullus colocynthis ; Cucurbitacins/pharmacology ; Interleukin-2 ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Lymphocytes ; Lung ; Citrullus ; Triterpenes
Chemical Substances	Cucurbitacins (60137-06-6) ; Interleukin-2 ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Plant Extracts ; cucurbitacin B (0115W5MABF) ; Triterpenes
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-17
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	134511-4
ISSN	1872-7573 ; 0378-8741
ISSN (online)	1872-7573
ISSN	0378-8741
DOI	10.1016/j.jep.2024.118053
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Article ; Online: Enigmatic persistence of aerobic methanotrophs in oxygen-limiting freshwater habitats.

Reis, Paula C J / Tsuji, Jackson M / Weiblen, Cerrise / Schiff, Sherry L / Scott, Matthew / Stein, Lisa Y / Neufeld, Josh D

The ISME journal

2024 Volume 18, Issue 1

Abstract: Methanotrophic bacteria mitigate emissions of the potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4) from a variety of anthropogenic and natural sources, including freshwater lakes, which are large sources of CH4 on a global scale. Despite a dependence on dioxygen (O2) ...

Abstract	Methanotrophic bacteria mitigate emissions of the potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4) from a variety of anthropogenic and natural sources, including freshwater lakes, which are large sources of CH4 on a global scale. Despite a dependence on dioxygen (O2) for CH4 oxidation, abundant populations of putatively aerobic methanotrophs have been detected within microoxic and anoxic waters and sediments of lakes. Experimental work has demonstrated active aerobic methanotrophs under those conditions, but how they are able to persist and oxidize CH4 under O2 deficiency remains enigmatic. In this review, we discuss possible mechanisms that underpin the persistence and activity of aerobic methanotrophs under O2-limiting conditions in freshwater habitats, particularly lakes, summarize experimental evidence for microbial oxidation of CH4 by aerobic bacteria under low or no O2, and suggest future research directions to further explore the ecology and metabolism of aerobic methanotrophs in O2-limiting environments.
MeSH term(s)	Oxygen/metabolism ; Ecosystem ; Lakes/microbiology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Methane/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Oxygen (S88TT14065) ; Methane (OP0UW79H66)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2406536-5
ISSN	1751-7370 ; 1751-7362
ISSN (online)	1751-7370
ISSN	1751-7362
DOI	10.1093/ismejo/wrae041
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