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  1. AU=Kivisto Ilkka
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  3. AU="Campbell, Joshua W"
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  1. Artikel: Survival of SARS-CoV-2 on Clothing Materials.

    Virtanen, Jenni / Aaltonen, Kirsi / Kivistö, Ilkka / Sironen, Tarja

    Advances in virology

    2021  Band 2021, Seite(n) 6623409

    Abstract: In order to plan and execute proper preventative measures against COVID-19, we need to understand how SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted. It has been shown to remain infectious on surfaces from hours to days depending on surface type and environmental factors. ... ...

    Abstract In order to plan and execute proper preventative measures against COVID-19, we need to understand how SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted. It has been shown to remain infectious on surfaces from hours to days depending on surface type and environmental factors. The possibility of transmission through fur animals and contaminated pelts, along with the safety of those working with them, is a major concern. SARS-CoV-2 can infect minks and raccoon dogs and has spread to mink farms in numerous countries. Here, we studied the stability of SARS-CoV-2 on blue fox, Finn raccoon, and American mink pelt, fake fur, cotton, plastic, faux leather, and polyester and tested its inactivation by UV light and heat treatment. We detected infectious virus up to 5 days on plastic, up to 1 day on fake fur, less than a day on cotton, polyester, and faux leather, and even 10 days on mink fur. UV light failed to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 on pelts, most likely due to the mechanical protection by the fur. Hence, it should not be used to inactivate the virus on fur products, and its use for other surfaces should also be considered carefully. Heat treatment at 60°C for 1 h inactivated the virus on all surfaces and is a promising method to be applied in practice. This study helps prevent further spread of COVID-19 by increasing our understanding about risks of SARS-CoV-2 spread through contaminated clothing materials and giving important information needed to improve safety of those working in the production line as well as people using the products.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-04-08
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2625776-2
    ISSN 1687-8647 ; 1687-8639
    ISSN (online) 1687-8647
    ISSN 1687-8639
    DOI 10.1155/2021/6623409
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Stable Levels of Antibodies Against Unrelated Toxoid Vaccines After COVID-19: COVID-19 Infection Does Not Affect Toxoid Vaccine Antibody Levels.

    Jokiranta, Suvi T / Miettinen, Simo / Salonen, Sami / Kareinen, Lauri / Uusitalo, Ruut / Korhonen, Essi M / Virtanen, Jenni / Kivistö, Ilkka / Aaltonen, Kirsi / Mosselhy, Dina A / Lääveri, Tinja / Kantele, Anu / Arstila, T Petteri / Jarva, Hanna / Vapalahti, Olli / Heinonen, Santtu / Kekäläinen, Eliisa

    Pathogens & immunity

    2024  Band 8, Heft 2, Seite(n) 74–87

    Abstract: Background: Lymphopenia is common in COVID-19. This has raised concerns that COVID-19 could affect the immune system akin to measles infection, which causes immune amnesia and a reduction in protective antibodies.: Methods: We recruited COVID-19 ... ...

    Abstract Background: Lymphopenia is common in COVID-19. This has raised concerns that COVID-19 could affect the immune system akin to measles infection, which causes immune amnesia and a reduction in protective antibodies.
    Methods: We recruited COVID-19 patients (n = 59) in Helsinki, Finland, and collected plasma samples on 2 to 3 occasions during and after infection. We measured IgG antibodies to diphtheria toxin, tetanus toxoid, and pertussis toxin, along with total IgG, SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG, and neutralizing antibodies. We also surveyed the participants for up to 17 months for long-term impaired olfaction as a proxy for prolonged post-acute COVID-19 symptoms.
    Results: No significant differences were found in the unrelated vaccine responses while the serological response against COVID-19 was appropriate. During the acute phase of the disease, the SARSCoV-2 IgG levels were lower in outpatients when compared to inpatients. SARS-CoV-2 serology kinetics matched expectations. In the acute phase, anti-tetanus and anti-diphtheria IgG levels were lower in patients with prolonged impaired olfaction during follow up than in those without.
    Conclusions: We could not detect significant decline in overall humoral immunity during or after COVID-19 infection. In severe COVID-19, there appears to be a temporary decline in total IgG levels.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-02-07
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ISSN 2469-2964
    ISSN (online) 2469-2964
    DOI 10.20411/pai.v8i2.627
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel: Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha Variant and Murine Noroviruses on Copper-Silver Nanocomposite Surfaces.

    Mosselhy, Dina A / Kareinen, Lauri / Kivistö, Ilkka / Virtanen, Jenni / Loikkanen, Emil / Ge, Yanling / Maunula, Leena / Sironen, Tarja

    Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Band 12, Heft 7

    Abstract: With the continued scenario of the COVID-19 pandemic, the world is still seeking out-of-the-box solutions to break its transmission cycle and contain the pandemic. There are different transmission routes for viruses, including indirect transmission via ... ...

    Abstract With the continued scenario of the COVID-19 pandemic, the world is still seeking out-of-the-box solutions to break its transmission cycle and contain the pandemic. There are different transmission routes for viruses, including indirect transmission via surfaces. To this end, we used two relevant viruses in our study. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing the pandemic and human norovirus (HuNV), both known to be transmitted via surfaces. Several nanoformulations have shown attempts to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses. However, a rigorous, similar inactivation scheme to inactivate the cords of two tedious viruses (SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant and HuNV) is lacking. The present study demonstrates the inactivation of the SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant and the decrease in the murine norovirus (MNV, a surrogate to HuNV) load after only one minute of contact to surfaces including copper-silver (Cu-Ag) nanocomposites. We thoroughly examined the physicochemical characteristics of such plated surfaces using diverse microscopy tools and found that Cu was the dominanting element in the tested three different surfaces (~56, ~59, and ~48 wt%, respectively), hence likely playing the major role of Alpha and MNV inactivation followed by the Ag content (~28, ~13, and ~11 wt%, respectively). These findings suggest that the administration of such surfaces within highly congested places (e.g., schools, public transportations, public toilets, and hospital and live-stock reservoirs) could break the SARS-CoV-2 and HuNV transmission. We suggest such an administration after an in-depth examination of the in vitro (especially on skin cells) and in vivo toxicity of the nanocomposite formulations and surfaces while also standardizing the physicochemical parameters, testing protocols, and animal models.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-03-22
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662255-5
    ISSN 2079-4991
    ISSN 2079-4991
    DOI 10.3390/nano12071037
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Artikel ; Online: Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha Variant and Murine Noroviruses on Copper-Silver Nanocomposite Surfaces

    Dina A. Mosselhy / Lauri Kareinen / Ilkka Kivistö / Jenni Virtanen / Emil Loikkanen / Yanling Ge / Leena Maunula / Tarja Sironen

    Nanomaterials, Vol 12, Iss 1037, p

    2022  Band 1037

    Abstract: With the continued scenario of the COVID-19 pandemic, the world is still seeking out-of-the-box solutions to break its transmission cycle and contain the pandemic. There are different transmission routes for viruses, including indirect transmission via ... ...

    Abstract With the continued scenario of the COVID-19 pandemic, the world is still seeking out-of-the-box solutions to break its transmission cycle and contain the pandemic. There are different transmission routes for viruses, including indirect transmission via surfaces. To this end, we used two relevant viruses in our study. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing the pandemic and human norovirus (HuNV), both known to be transmitted via surfaces. Several nanoformulations have shown attempts to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses. However, a rigorous, similar inactivation scheme to inactivate the cords of two tedious viruses (SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant and HuNV) is lacking. The present study demonstrates the inactivation of the SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant and the decrease in the murine norovirus (MNV, a surrogate to HuNV) load after only one minute of contact to surfaces including copper–silver (Cu–Ag) nanocomposites. We thoroughly examined the physicochemical characteristics of such plated surfaces using diverse microscopy tools and found that Cu was the dominanting element in the tested three different surfaces (~56, ~59, and ~48 wt%, respectively), hence likely playing the major role of Alpha and MNV inactivation followed by the Ag content (~28, ~13, and ~11 wt%, respectively). These findings suggest that the administration of such surfaces within highly congested places (e.g., schools, public transportations, public toilets, and hospital and live-stock reservoirs) could break the SARS-CoV-2 and HuNV transmission. We suggest such an administration after an in-depth examination of the in vitro (especially on skin cells) and in vivo toxicity of the nanocomposite formulations and surfaces while also standardizing the physicochemical parameters, testing protocols, and animal models.
    Schlagwörter SARS-CoV-2 ; Alpha variant ; norovirus ; copper particles ; silver particles ; nanocomposites ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 540
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  5. Artikel ; Online: Environmental features around roost sites drive species-specific roost preferences for boreal bats

    Kati M. Suominen / Eero J. Vesterinen / Ilkka Kivistö / Maria Reiman / Tarmo Virtanen / Melissa B. Meierhofer / Ville Vasko / Tarja Sironen / Thomas M. Lilley

    Global Ecology and Conservation, Vol 46, Iss , Pp e02589- (2023)

    2023  

    Abstract: Bats and their reproductive roost sites are strictly protected by legislation in Europe. Although knowledge on foraging habitats of boreal bats has increased vastly over the last decades, little is known on how habitat surrounding the roosts influences ... ...

    Abstract Bats and their reproductive roost sites are strictly protected by legislation in Europe. Although knowledge on foraging habitats of boreal bats has increased vastly over the last decades, little is known on how habitat surrounding the roosts influences the selection of roost sites. We combined citizen science and molecular methods to determine the most critical environmental features within different radiuses around roost sites of bats inhabiting human settlements at the northernmost edge of their distribution range in Finland. We compared six different land-use types around the roost sites to randomly selected points for each species to determine at which radiuses around the roost are land-use types most critical. We found that for the northern bat (Eptesicus nilssonii), built environment, open areas, and water within the 200 m radius were the most important in roost site selection. The Brandt’s myotis (Myotis brandtii) favored roost sites in landscape not affected by human disturbance within 5 km radius. Based on our results, the surrounding habitat around a roost plays a vital role for bat species, and it should be protected along with the roost and considered in land-use planning. Furthermore, species-specific variation in roost site selection should be considered in conservation planning.
    Schlagwörter Bats ; Conservation planning ; Habitat requirements ; Land-use planning ; Roost-site selection ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Elsevier
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  6. Artikel: Copper-Silver Nanohybrids: SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitory Surfaces.

    Mosselhy, Dina A / Kareinen, Lauri / Kivistö, Ilkka / Aaltonen, Kirsi / Virtanen, Jenni / Ge, Yanling / Sironen, Tarja

    Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Band 11, Heft 7

    Abstract: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a severe health threat. The COVID-19 infections occurring in humans and animals render human-animal interfaces hot spots for spreading the pandemic. Lessons from the past point ... ...

    Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a severe health threat. The COVID-19 infections occurring in humans and animals render human-animal interfaces hot spots for spreading the pandemic. Lessons from the past point towards the antiviral properties of copper formulations; however, data showing the "contact-time limit" surface inhibitory efficacy of copper formulations to contain SARS-CoV-2 are limited. Here, we show the rapid inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 after only 1 and 5 min on two different surfaces containing copper-silver (Cu-Ag) nanohybrids. We characterized the nanohybrids' powder and surfaces using a series of sophisticated microscopy tools, including transmission and scanning electron microscopes (TEM and SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). We used culturing methods to demonstrate that Cu-Ag nanohybrids with high amounts of Cu (~65 and 78 wt%) and lower amounts of Ag (~7 and 9 wt%) inhibited SARS-CoV-2 efficiently. Collectively, the present work reveals the rapid SARS-CoV-2 surface inhibition and the promising application of such surfaces to break the SARS-CoV-2 transmission chain. For example, such applications could be invaluable within a hospital or live-stock settings, or any public place with surfaces that people frequently touch (i.e., public transportation, shopping malls, elevators, and door handles) after the precise control of different parameters and toxicity evaluations.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-07-13
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662255-5
    ISSN 2079-4991
    ISSN 2079-4991
    DOI 10.3390/nano11071820
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel ; Online: Clinical experience of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with cardiac pacing devices: unrestricted patient population.

    Vuorinen, Aino-Maija / Pakarinen, Sami / Jaakkola, Ilkka / Holmström, Miia / Kivistö, Sari / Kaasalainen, Touko

    Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987)

    2019  Band 60, Heft 11, Seite(n) 1414–1421

    Abstract: Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with cardiac pacing devices has become available despite previously being considered absolutely contraindicated. However, most institutional safety protocols have included several limitations on ... ...

    Abstract Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with cardiac pacing devices has become available despite previously being considered absolutely contraindicated. However, most institutional safety protocols have included several limitations on patient selection, leaving MRI unavailable for many patients.
    Purpose: To evaluate the first 1000 MRI examinations conducted on patients with cardiac pacing devices at Helsinki University Hospital for any potential safety hazards and also to evaluate the long-term functionality of the safety protocol in “real-life” clinical practice.
    Material and methods: A total of 1000 clinically indicated MRI scans were performed with a 1.5-T MRI scanner according to the safety protocol. The following information was collected from the electronic medical record (EMR): patients’ date of birth; sex; pacing device generator model; date of MRI scan; date of the latest pacing device generator implantation; and the body region scanned. The EMR of these patients was checked and especially searched for any pacing device related safety hazards or adverse outcomes during or after the MRI scan.
    Results: Only one potentially dangerous adverse event was noted in our study group. In addition, patients with abandoned leads, temporary pacing devices, and newly implanted pacing device generators were scanned successfully and safely.
    Conclusion: MRI scans can be performed safely in patients with cardiac pacing devices if the dedicated safety protocol is followed.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/adverse effects ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pacemaker, Artificial ; Patient Safety/statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2019-02-19
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 105-3
    ISSN 1600-0455 ; 0284-1851 ; 0349-652X
    ISSN (online) 1600-0455
    ISSN 0284-1851 ; 0349-652X
    DOI 10.1177/0284185119830288
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Artikel ; Online: Copper-Silver Nanohybrids

    Dina A. Mosselhy / Lauri Kareinen / Ilkka Kivistö / Kirsi Aaltonen / Jenni Virtanen / Yanling Ge / Tarja Sironen

    Nanomaterials, Vol 11, Iss 1820, p

    SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitory Surfaces

    2021  Band 1820

    Abstract: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a severe health threat. The COVID-19 infections occurring in humans and animals render human-animal interfaces hot spots for spreading the pandemic. Lessons from the past point ... ...

    Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a severe health threat. The COVID-19 infections occurring in humans and animals render human-animal interfaces hot spots for spreading the pandemic. Lessons from the past point towards the antiviral properties of copper formulations; however, data showing the “contact-time limit” surface inhibitory efficacy of copper formulations to contain SARS-CoV-2 are limited. Here, we show the rapid inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 after only 1 and 5 min on two different surfaces containing copper-silver (Cu-Ag) nanohybrids. We characterized the nanohybrids’ powder and surfaces using a series of sophisticated microscopy tools, including transmission and scanning electron microscopes (TEM and SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). We used culturing methods to demonstrate that Cu-Ag nanohybrids with high amounts of Cu (~65 and 78 wt%) and lower amounts of Ag (~7 and 9 wt%) inhibited SARS-CoV-2 efficiently. Collectively, the present work reveals the rapid SARS-CoV-2 surface inhibition and the promising application of such surfaces to break the SARS-CoV-2 transmission chain. For example, such applications could be invaluable within a hospital or live-stock settings, or any public place with surfaces that people frequently touch (i.e., public transportation, shopping malls, elevators, and door handles) after the precise control of different parameters and toxicity evaluations.
    Schlagwörter SARS-CoV-2 ; human-animal interfaces ; nanohybrids ; copper ; silver ; inhibitory surfaces ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 540
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  9. Artikel: First Report of Coronaviruses in Northern European Bats

    Kivistö, Ilkka / Forbes, Kristian M / Huovilainen, Anita / Lilley, Thomas / Sironen, Tarja / Suominen, Kati / Tidenberg, Eeva-Maria / Vapalahti, Olli

    Vector borne and zoonotic diseases. 2019 Sept. 10,

    2019  

    Abstract: Coronaviruses (CoVs) represent a global public health threat, exemplified by the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreaks. Using fecal samples collected from five bat species between 2014 and 2016 in ... ...

    Abstract Coronaviruses (CoVs) represent a global public health threat, exemplified by the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreaks. Using fecal samples collected from five bat species between 2014 and 2016 in Finland and RT-PCR, RT-qPCR, and NGS, we identified CoVs in 10 of 79 (13%) samples, including two novel bat species–CoV relationships. Phylogenetic analysis revealed Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus species clustered among previously identified bat and human viruses. These results expand the known northern distribution and host species range of bat-borne CoVs.
    Schlagwörter Alphacoronavirus ; Chiroptera ; feces ; hosts ; Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus ; phylogeny ; public health ; quantitative polymerase chain reaction ; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ; vertebrate viruses ; Finland ; covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2019-0910
    Erscheinungsort Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 2047199-3
    ISSN 1557-7759 ; 1530-3667
    ISSN (online) 1557-7759
    ISSN 1530-3667
    DOI 10.1089/vbz.2018.2367
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Artikel ; Online: Range Expansion of Bombali Virus in Mops condylurus Bats, Kenya, 2019.

    Kareinen, Lauri / Ogola, Joseph / Kivistö, Ilkka / Smura, Teemu / Aaltonen, Kirsi / Jääskeläinen, Anne J / Kibiwot, Sospeter / Masika, Moses M / Nyaga, Philip / Mwaengo, Dufton / Anzala, Omu / Vapalahti, Olli / Webala, Paul W / Forbes, Kristian M / Sironen, Tarja

    Emerging infectious diseases

    2021  Band 26, Heft 12, Seite(n) 3007–3010

    Abstract: Previously identified only in Sierra Leone, Guinea, and southeastern Kenya, Bombali virus-infected Mops condylurus bats were recently found »750 km away in western Kenya. This finding supports the role of M. condylurus bats as hosts and the potential for ...

    Abstract Previously identified only in Sierra Leone, Guinea, and southeastern Kenya, Bombali virus-infected Mops condylurus bats were recently found »750 km away in western Kenya. This finding supports the role of M. condylurus bats as hosts and the potential for Bombali virus circulation across the bats' range in sub-Saharan Africa.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Chiroptera ; Ebolavirus ; Guinea ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola ; Kenya/epidemiology ; Sierra Leone
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-01-20
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1380686-5
    ISSN 1080-6059 ; 1080-6040
    ISSN (online) 1080-6059
    ISSN 1080-6040
    DOI 10.3201/eid2612.202925
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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