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  1. Article ; Online: Inhibition of Polyamine Catabolism Reduces Cellular Senescence.

    Uemura, Takeshi / Matsunaga, Miki / Yokota, Yuka / Takao, Koichi / Furuchi, Takemitsu

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 17

    Abstract: The aging of the global population has necessitated the identification of effective anti-aging technologies based on scientific evidence. Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are essential for cell growth and function. Age-related reductions ...

    Abstract The aging of the global population has necessitated the identification of effective anti-aging technologies based on scientific evidence. Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are essential for cell growth and function. Age-related reductions in polyamine levels have been shown to be associated with reduced cognitive and physical functions. We have previously found that the expression of spermine oxidase (SMOX) increases with age; however, the relationship between SMOX expression and cellular senescence remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between increased SMOX expression and cellular senescence using human-liver-derived HepG2 cells. Intracellular spermine levels decreased and spermidine levels increased with the serial passaging of cells (aged cells), and aged cells showed increased expression of SMOX. The levels of acrolein-conjugated protein, which is produced during spermine degradation, also increases. Senescence-associated β-gal activity was increased in aged cells, and the increase was suppressed by MDL72527, an inhibitor of acetylpolyamine oxidase (AcPAO) and SMOX, both of which are enzymes that catalyze polyamine degradation. DNA damage accumulated in aged cells and MDL72527 reduced DNA damage. These results suggest that the SMOX-mediated degradation of spermine plays an important role in cellular senescence. Our results demonstrate that cellular senescence can be controlled by inhibiting spermine degradation using a polyamine-catabolizing enzyme inhibitor.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Spermidine/pharmacology ; Spermine/pharmacology ; Cellular Senescence ; Aging ; Polyamines
    Chemical Substances Spermidine (U87FK77H25) ; Spermine (2FZ7Y3VOQX) ; Polyamines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms241713397
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Caldomycin, a new guanidopolyamine produced by a novel agmatine homocoupling enzyme involved in homospermidine biosynthesis.

    Kobayashi, Teruyuki / Sakamoto, Akihiko / Hisano, Tamao / Kashiwagi, Keiko / Igarashi, Kazuei / Takao, Koichi / Uemura, Takeshi / Furuchi, Takemitsu / Sugita, Yoshiaki / Moriya, Toshiyuki / Oshima, Tairo / Terui, Yusuke

    Scientific reports

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 7566

    Abstract: An extreme thermophilic bacterium, Thermus thermophilus produces more than 20 unusual polyamines, but their biosynthetic pathways, including homospermidine, are not yet fully understood. Two types of homospermidine synthases have been identified in ... ...

    Abstract An extreme thermophilic bacterium, Thermus thermophilus produces more than 20 unusual polyamines, but their biosynthetic pathways, including homospermidine, are not yet fully understood. Two types of homospermidine synthases have been identified in plants and bacteria, which use spermidine and putrescine or two molecules of putrescine as substrates. However, homospermidine synthases with such substrate specificity have not been identified in T. thermophilus. Here we identified a novel agmatine homocoupling enzyme that is involved in homospermidine biosynthesis in T. thermophilus. The reaction mechanism is different from that of a previously described homospermidine synthase, and involves conjugation of two molecules of agmatine, which produces a diamidino derivative of homospermidine (caldomycin) as an immediate precursor of homospermidine. We conclude that there is a homospermidine biosynthetic pathway from agmatine via caldomycin synthase followed by ureohydrolase in T. thermophilus. Furthermore, it is shown that caldomycin is a novel compound existing in nature.
    MeSH term(s) Putrescine/metabolism ; Agmatine/metabolism ; Polyamines/metabolism ; Spermidine/metabolism ; Plants/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Putrescine (V10TVZ52E4) ; Agmatine (70J407ZL5Q) ; Polyamines ; Spermidine (U87FK77H25)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-58296-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Occurrence of penta-amines, hexa-amines and N-methylated polyamines in unicellular eukaryotic organisms belonging to the phyla Heterokontophyta and Labyrinthulomycota of the subdomain Stramenopiles.

    Hamana, Koei / Furuchi, Takemitsu / Nakamura, Tsuzuri / Hayashi, Hidenori / Niitsu, Masaru

    The Journal of general and applied microbiology

    2017  Volume 62, Issue 6, Page(s) 320–325

    MeSH term(s) Amines/chemistry ; Amines/isolation & purification ; Chromatography, Gas ; Culture Media/chemistry ; Polyamines/chemistry ; Polyamines/isolation & purification ; Stramenopiles/chemistry ; Stramenopiles/growth & development
    Chemical Substances Amines ; Culture Media ; Polyamines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-25
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218355-9
    ISSN 1349-8037 ; 0022-1260
    ISSN (online) 1349-8037
    ISSN 0022-1260
    DOI 10.2323/jgam.2016.05.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Polyamines produced by an extreme thermophile are essential for cell growth at high temperature.

    Sakamoto, Akihiko / Tamakoshi, Masatada / Moriya, Toshiyuki / Oshima, Tairo / Takao, Koichi / Sugita, Yoshiaki / Furuchi, Takemitsu / Niitsu, Masaru / Uemura, Takeshi / Igarashi, Kazuei / Kashiwagi, Keiko / Terui, Yusuke

    Journal of biochemistry

    2022  Volume 172, Issue 2, Page(s) 109–115

    Abstract: An extreme thermophile, Thermus thermophilus grows at an optimum temperature of around 70°C and produces 16 different polyamines including long-chain and branched-chain polyamines. We found that the composition of polyamines in the thermophile cells ... ...

    Abstract An extreme thermophile, Thermus thermophilus grows at an optimum temperature of around 70°C and produces 16 different polyamines including long-chain and branched-chain polyamines. We found that the composition of polyamines in the thermophile cells changes with culture temperature. Long-chain and branched-chain polyamines (unusual polyamines) were increased in the cells grown at high temperature such as 80°C, but they were minor components in the cells grown at relatively lower temperature such as 60°C. The effects of polyamines on cell growth were studied using T. thermophilus HB8 ΔspeA deficient in arginine decarboxylase. Cell growth of this mutant strain was significantly decreased at 70°C. This mutant strain cannot produce polyamines and grows poorly at 75°C. It was also determined whether polyamines are directly involved in protecting DNA from DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induced by heat. Polyamines protected DNA against double-strand breaks. Therefore, polyamines play essential roles in cell growth at extremely high temperature through maintaining a functional conformation of DNA against DSBs and depurination.
    MeSH term(s) DNA ; Hot Temperature ; Polyamines ; Temperature ; Thermus thermophilus
    Chemical Substances Polyamines ; DNA (9007-49-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218073-x
    ISSN 1756-2651 ; 0021-924X
    ISSN (online) 1756-2651
    ISSN 0021-924X
    DOI 10.1093/jb/mvac048
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Occurrence of two novel linear penta-amines, pyropentamine and homopyropentamine, in extremely thermophilic Thermus composti.

    Hamana, Koei / Furuchi, Takemitsu / Hayashi, Hidenori / Itoh, Takashi / Ohkuma, Moriya / Niitsu, Masaru

    The Journal of general and applied microbiology

    2017  Volume 62, Issue 6, Page(s) 334–339

    MeSH term(s) Amines/analysis ; Amines/chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Hot Temperature ; Species Specificity ; Thermus/chemistry ; Thermus/isolation & purification ; Thermus/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Amines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-25
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218355-9
    ISSN 1349-8037 ; 0022-1260
    ISSN (online) 1349-8037
    ISSN 0022-1260
    DOI 10.2323/jgam.2016.05.007
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Identification of a novel acetylated form of branched-chain polyamine from a hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis.

    Hidese, Ryota / Im, Ki-Hwan / Kobayashi, Masaki / Niitsu, Masaru / Furuchi, Takemitsu / Fujiwara, Shinsuke

    Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry

    2017  Volume 81, Issue 9, Page(s) 1845–1849

    Abstract: Long/branched-chain polyamines are unique polycations found in thermophiles. The hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis contains spermidine and a branched-chain polyamine, ... ...

    Abstract Long/branched-chain polyamines are unique polycations found in thermophiles. The hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis contains spermidine and a branched-chain polyamine, N
    MeSH term(s) Acetylation ; Intracellular Space/metabolism ; Polyamines/chemistry ; Polyamines/isolation & purification ; Polyamines/metabolism ; Temperature ; Thermococcus/cytology ; Thermococcus/metabolism ; Thermococcus/physiology
    Chemical Substances Polyamines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1106450-x
    ISSN 1347-6947 ; 0916-8451
    ISSN (online) 1347-6947
    ISSN 0916-8451
    DOI 10.1080/09168451.2017.1345616
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Identification of a novel acetylated form of branched-chain polyamine from a hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis

    Hidese, Ryota / Im, Ki-Hwan / Kobayashi, Masaki / Niitsu, Masaru / Furuchi, Takemitsu / Fujiwara, Shinsuke

    Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry. 2017 Sept. 2, v. 81, no. 9

    2017  

    Abstract: Long/branched-chain polyamines are unique polycations found in thermophiles. The hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis contains spermidine and a branched-chain polyamine, N⁴-bis(aminopropyl)spermidine, as major polyamines. The metabolic ... ...

    Abstract Long/branched-chain polyamines are unique polycations found in thermophiles. The hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis contains spermidine and a branched-chain polyamine, N⁴-bis(aminopropyl)spermidine, as major polyamines. The metabolic pathways associated with branched-chain polyamines remain unknown. Here, we used gas chromatography and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analyses to identify a new acetylated polyamine, N⁴-bis(aminopropyl)-N¹-acetylspermidine, from T. kodakarensis; this polyamine was not found in other micro-organisms. The amounts of branched-chain polyamine and its acetylated form increased with temperature, indicating that branched-chain polyamines are important for growth at higher temperatures. The amount of quaternary acetylated polyamine produced was associated with the amount of N⁴-bis(aminopropyl)spermidine in the cell. The ratio of acetylated to non-acetylated forms was higher in the stationary phase than in the logarithmic growth phase under high-temperature stress condition.
    Keywords Thermococcus kodakarensis ; biotechnology ; gas chromatography ; liquid chromatography ; spermidine ; tandem mass spectrometry ; temperature ; thermophiles
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-0902
    Size p. 1845-1849.
    Publishing place Taylor & Francis
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-light
    ZDB-ID 1106450-x
    ISSN 1347-6947 ; 0916-8451
    ISSN (online) 1347-6947
    ISSN 0916-8451
    DOI 10.1080/09168451.2017.1345616
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: [Role of isomerized protein repair enzyme, PIMT, in cellular functions].

    Furuchi, Takemitsu / Homma, Hiroshi

    Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

    2007  Volume 127, Issue 12, Page(s) 1927–1936

    Abstract: Proteins are subject to various types of spontaneous modifications that can disrupt their structures with sometimes adverse affects on biological activity. The formation of L-isoaspartyl (or D-aspartyl) residues, through either the deamidation of ... ...

    Abstract Proteins are subject to various types of spontaneous modifications that can disrupt their structures with sometimes adverse affects on biological activity. The formation of L-isoaspartyl (or D-aspartyl) residues, through either the deamidation of asparagine or dehydration of aspartate, is one of the most frequent types of deterioration occurring under physiological conditions. Protein L-isoaspartate/D-aspartate o-methyltransferase (PIMT) is a conserved and ubiquitous enzyme that participates in the repair of various isomerized proteins. PIMT catalyzes the transfer of the methyl group of S-adenosyl-L-methionine onto the alpha-carboxyl group of an L-isoaspartyl (or the beta-carboxyl group of an D-aspartyl) residue, which initiates the conversion of this residue to an L-aspartyl residue. PIMT-deficient mice have been shown to die at a mean age of 42 days from progressive epileptic seizures with grand mal and myoclonus. Although PIMT-deficiency clearly leads to the accumulation of isomerized proteins, it is currently unclear how this causes progressive epilepsy in PIMT-deficient mice. As a first step towards understanding this, we developed a new assay to measure PIMT activity in cell lysates. Additionally, we isolated PIMT knockdown cells from HEK293 cells that were stably transfected with a PIMT small interfering RNA expression vector. PIMT activities were significantly decreased in the PIMT knockdown cells, and analysis of the transfectants revealed that MEK and ERK were hyperactivated after cell stimulation with epidermal growth factor (EGF). These results indicate that the ability to repair L-isoaspartyl-(or D-aspartyl-) containing proteins is important for the maintenance of normal MEK-ERK signaling.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Physiological Phenomena ; D-Aspartic Acid ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/physiology ; Isoaspartic Acid ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/physiology ; Mice ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/physiology ; Protein D-Aspartate-L-Isoaspartate Methyltransferase/physiology ; Protein Isoforms/chemistry ; Protein Isoforms/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Isoaspartic Acid ; Protein Isoforms ; D-Aspartic Acid (4SR0Q8YD1X) ; Protein D-Aspartate-L-Isoaspartate Methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.77) ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24) ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases (EC 2.7.12.2)
    Language Japanese
    Publishing date 2007-07-06
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 200514-1
    ISSN 1347-5231 ; 0031-6903 ; 0372-7750 ; 0919-2085 ; 0919-2131
    ISSN (online) 1347-5231
    ISSN 0031-6903 ; 0372-7750 ; 0919-2085 ; 0919-2131
    DOI 10.1248/yakushi.127.1927
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Free D-aspartate in mammals.

    Furuchi, Takemitsu / Homma, Hiroshi

    Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin

    2005  Volume 28, Issue 9, Page(s) 1566–1570

    Abstract: D-Aspartate (D-Asp) is an endogenous amino acid present in nervous and endocrine tissues in mammals. A high concentration of D-Asp is observed in embryos, which disappears in nervous tissues after delivery, but increases temporarily in endocrine glands, ... ...

    Abstract D-Aspartate (D-Asp) is an endogenous amino acid present in nervous and endocrine tissues in mammals. A high concentration of D-Asp is observed in embryos, which disappears in nervous tissues after delivery, but increases temporarily in endocrine glands, particularly in the pituitary, pineal and adrenal glands at the specific stages. In the pineal gland, D-Asp that is apparently derived from other tissues suppresses melatonin secretion from parenchymal cells. Additionally, D-Asp levels increase in the testis just before birth and during maturation. The amino acid is presumed to be synthesized by the pituitary gland and testis. In the testis, D-Asp produced inside the seminiferous tubules acts on Leydig cells following release to enhance testosterone synthesis by activating the expression of Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory protein. Mammalian cells appear to contain all the molecular components required to regulate D-Asp homeostasis, as they can synthesize, release, take up, and degrade the amino acid. These findings collectively indicate that D-Asp is a novel type of messenger in the mammalian body.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Aspartic Acid/analysis ; Aspartic Acid/biosynthesis ; Aspartic Acid/metabolism ; Aspartic Acid/physiology ; Humans ; Mammals/physiology
    Chemical Substances Aspartic Acid (30KYC7MIAI)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-03-15
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1150271-x
    ISSN 1347-5215 ; 0918-6158
    ISSN (online) 1347-5215
    ISSN 0918-6158
    DOI 10.1248/bpb.28.1566
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: The ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, Ubc4 and Cdc34, mediate cadmium resistance in budding yeast through different mechanisms.

    Hwang, Gi-Wook / Furuchi, Takemitsu / Naganuma, Akira

    Life sciences

    2008  Volume 82, Issue 23-24, Page(s) 1182–1185

    Abstract: The expression of the genes encoding the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, Ubc4, Ubc5, and Ubc7, has been reported to be induced by cadmium in budding yeast. In contrast, we have reported that the overexpression of Cdc34, another ubiquitin-conjugating ... ...

    Abstract The expression of the genes encoding the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, Ubc4, Ubc5, and Ubc7, has been reported to be induced by cadmium in budding yeast. In contrast, we have reported that the overexpression of Cdc34, another ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, confers resistance to cadmium. In the present study, we examined the effects of overexpression of Ubc4, Ubc5, or Ubc7 on the sensitivity of budding yeast to cadmium. We found that yeast cells that overexpressed Ubc4, but not Ubc5 or Ubc7, showed similar cadmium resistance as yeast cells that overexpressed Cdc34. The ubiquitination levels of cellular proteins were significantly increased by overexpression of Ubc4 as well as by Cdc34. As previously reported, yeast cells overexpressing Cdc34 were resistant to cadmium even in the presence of the proteasome inhibitor MG132. However, the acquired resistance to cadmium by overexpression of Ubc4 was not observed in the presence of MG132. Cdc34 overexpression has been shown to inactivate the transcriptional activity of Met4 by accelerating its ubiquitination and to reduce expression of the MET25 gene, a target gene of Met4. Unlike Cdc34, overexpression of Ubc4 did not affect the expression of the MET25 gene. These findings suggest that the mechanism of acquired resistance to cadmium by overexpression of Ubc4 is different from that of Cdc34 and that Ubc4 confers resistance to cadmium by ubiquitination of proteins other than Met4 and accelerates the degradation of these proteins in the proteasomes.
    MeSH term(s) Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome ; Cadmium Chloride/toxicity ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Resistance, Fungal/genetics ; Environmental Pollutants/toxicity ; Leupeptins/pharmacology ; Plasmids ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/enzymology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/biosynthesis ; Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes/biosynthesis ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes/biosynthesis ; beta-Galactosidase/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors ; Environmental Pollutants ; Leupeptins ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; CDC34 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 2.3.2.23) ; Ubc4 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 2.3.2.23) ; Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes (EC 2.3.2.23) ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes (EC 2.3.2.23) ; Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome (EC 2.3.2.27) ; beta-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) ; Cadmium Chloride (J6K4F9V3BA) ; benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde (RF1P63GW3K)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-04-11
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3378-9
    ISSN 1879-0631 ; 0024-3205
    ISSN (online) 1879-0631
    ISSN 0024-3205
    DOI 10.1016/j.lfs.2008.04.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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