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Article: Dysbiotic Gut Bacteria in Obesity: An Overview of the Metabolic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives of Next-Generation Probiotics.

Breton, Jonathan / Galmiche, Marie / Déchelotte, Pierre

2022 Volume 10, Issue 2

Abstract: Obesity, a worldwide health concern with a constantly rising prevalence, is a multifactorial chronic disease associated with a wide range of physiological disruptions, including energy imbalance, central appetite and food reward dysregulation, and ... ...

Abstract	Obesity, a worldwide health concern with a constantly rising prevalence, is a multifactorial chronic disease associated with a wide range of physiological disruptions, including energy imbalance, central appetite and food reward dysregulation, and hormonal alterations and gut dysbiosis. The gut microbiome is a well-recognized factor in the pathophysiology of obesity, and its influence on host physiology has been extensively investigated over the last decade. This review highlights the mechanisms by which gut dysbiosis can contribute to the pathophysiology of obesity. In particular, we discuss gut microbiota's contribution to host energy homeostatic changes, low-grade inflammation, and regulation of fat deposition and bile acid metabolism via bacterial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, and bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharides, among others. Finally, therapeutic strategies based on next-generation probiotics aiming to re-shape the intestinal microbiota and reverse metabolic alterations associated with obesity are described.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms10020452
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Article ; Online: Chimeric antigens displaying GPR65 extracellular loops on a soluble scaffold enabled the discovery of antibodies, which recognized native receptor.

Barrett, Janine / Leysen, Seppe / Galmiche, Cécile / Al-Mossawi, Hussein / Bowness, Paul / Edwards, Thomas E / Lawson, Alastair D G

Bioengineered

2024 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 2299522

Abstract: GPR65 is a proton-sensing G-protein coupled receptor associated with multiple immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, whose function is relatively poorly understood. With few reagents commercially available to probe the biology of receptor, generation of ... ...

Abstract	GPR65 is a proton-sensing G-protein coupled receptor associated with multiple immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, whose function is relatively poorly understood. With few reagents commercially available to probe the biology of receptor, generation of an anti-GPR65 monoclonal antibody was desired. Using soluble chimeric scaffolds, such as ApoE3, displaying the extracellular loops of GPR65, together with established phage display technology, native GPR65 loop-specific antibodies were identified. Phage-derived loop-binding antibodies recognized the wild-type native receptor to which they had not previously been exposed, generating confidence in the use of chimeric soluble proteins to act as efficient surrogates for membrane protein extracellular loop antigens. This technique provides promise for the rational design of chimeric antigens in facilitating the discovery of specific antibodies to GPCRs.
MeSH term(s)	Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics ; Cell Surface Display Techniques ; Technology
Chemical Substances	Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2737830-5
ISSN	2165-5987 ; 2165-5979
ISSN (online)	2165-5987
ISSN	2165-5979
DOI	10.1080/21655979.2023.2299522
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Article ; Online: Could treatment with botulinum toxin protect against subsequent infection with COVID-19?

Batifol, D / Finiels, P J / Galmiche, S / Jammet, P / de Boutray, M

Journal of stomatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery

2021 Volume 123, Issue 2, Page(s) 98–100

Abstract: We report comparative results, over three months, of the impact of SARS-CoV2 in our patients injected with botulinum toxin for functional purposes, compared to the general population. Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) is known to block acetylcholine ( ... ...

Abstract	We report comparative results, over three months, of the impact of SARS-CoV2 in our patients injected with botulinum toxin for functional purposes, compared to the general population. Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) is known to block acetylcholine (ACh) as well as many other neuroreceptors and neuromodulators. The recent mention of a potential protective effect of nicotine in COVID 19, by blocking ACh, attracted our attention and guided the present study. Our results show a significant difference between the number of infected individuals in the general population and the number of patients injected with BoNT/A who showed signs of COVID 19.
MeSH term(s)	Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; RNA, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	RNA, Viral ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A (EC 3.4.24.69)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-16
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2916276-2
ISSN	2468-7855 ; 2468-8509
ISSN (online)	2468-7855
ISSN	2468-8509
DOI	10.1016/j.jormas.2021.06.003
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Article ; Online: Role of microbiota-gut-brain axis dysfunctions induced by infections in the onset of anorexia nervosa.

Galmiche, Marie / Achamrah, Najate / Déchelotte, Pierre / Ribet, David / Breton, Jonathan

Nutrition reviews

2021 Volume 80, Issue 3, Page(s) 381–391

Abstract: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterized by low food intake, severe body weight loss, intense fear of gaining weight, and dysmorphophobia. This chronic disease is associated with both psychiatric and somatic comorbidities. Over the years, ...

Abstract	Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterized by low food intake, severe body weight loss, intense fear of gaining weight, and dysmorphophobia. This chronic disease is associated with both psychiatric and somatic comorbidities. Over the years, clinical studies have accumulated evidence that viral or bacterial infections may promote the onset of eating disorders such as AN. This review aims to describe how infections and the subsequent immune responses affect food intake regulation in the short term and also how these processes may lead to long-term intestinal disorders, including gut barrier disruption and gut microbiota dysbiosis, even after the clearance of the pathogens. We discuss in particular how infection-mediated intestinal dysbiosis may promote the onset of several AN symptoms and comorbidities, including appetite dysregulation, functional gastrointestinal disorders, and mood disorders.
MeSH term(s)	Anorexia Nervosa/microbiology ; Anorexia Nervosa/psychology ; Brain-Gut Axis ; Dysbiosis ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; Humans ; Phobic Disorders
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	82067-2
ISSN	1753-4887 ; 0029-6643
ISSN (online)	1753-4887
ISSN	0029-6643
DOI	10.1093/nutrit/nuab030
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Zs.A 3388: Show issues

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Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
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Article ; Online: Observational pilot study of multi-wavelength wearable light dosimetry for erythropoietic protoporphyria.

Dickey, Amy K / Berkovich, Jaime / Leaf, Rebecca K / Jiang, Paul Y / Lopez-Galmiche, Gisela / Rebeiz, Lina / Wheeden, Kristen / Kochevar, Irene / Savage, William / Zhao, Sophia / Campisi, Elizabeth / Heo, Seung Y / Trueb, Jacob / LaRochelle, Ethan P M / Rogers, John / Banks, Anthony / Chang, Jan-Kai

International journal of dermatology

2024

Abstract: Background: Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) causes painful light sensitivity, limiting quality of life. Our objective was to develop and validate a wearable light exposure device and correlate measurements with light sensitivity in EPP to predict ... ...

Abstract	Background: Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) causes painful light sensitivity, limiting quality of life. Our objective was to develop and validate a wearable light exposure device and correlate measurements with light sensitivity in EPP to predict and prevent symptoms. Methods: A wearable light dosimeter was developed to capture light doses of UVA, blue, and red wavelengths. A prospective observational pilot study was performed in which five EPP patients wore two light dosimeters for 3 weeks, one as a watch, and one as a shirt clip. Results: Standard deviation (SD) increases from the mean in the daily blue light dose increased the odds ratio (OR) for symptom risk more than the self-reported outdoor time (OR 2.76 vs. 2.38) or other wavelengths, and a one SD increase from the mean in the daily blue light wristband device dose increased the OR for symptom risk more than the daily blue light shirt clip (OR 2.45 vs. 1.62). The area under the receiver operator curve for the blue light wristband dose was 0.78, suggesting 78% predictive accuracy. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that wearable blue light dosimetry worn as a wristband is a promising method for measuring light exposure and predicting and preventing symptoms in EPP.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	412254-9
ISSN	1365-4632 ; 0011-9059 ; 1461-1244
ISSN (online)	1365-4632
ISSN	0011-9059 ; 1461-1244
DOI	10.1111/ijd.17166
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Ui VI Zs.189: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Salvage reconstruction of hip ligaments using absorbable material to treat recurrent instability of revision THA without abductor mechanism.

Sarrazin, Jérémy / Dartus, Julien / Martinot, Pierre / Galmiche, Romain / Migaud, Henri / Putman, Sophie

Orthopaedics & traumatology, surgery & research : OTSR

2020 Volume 107, Issue 1, Page(s) 102783

Abstract: Dual-mobility and constrained cups can stabilise most recurrent dislocations of total hip arthroplasty (THA), but may fail in case of hip abductor mechanism loss. For such complex situations, we developed an original artificial iliofemoral and ... ...

Abstract	Dual-mobility and constrained cups can stabilise most recurrent dislocations of total hip arthroplasty (THA), but may fail in case of hip abductor mechanism loss. For such complex situations, we developed an original artificial iliofemoral and ischiofemoral ligament reconstruction technique using a polyglactin 910 mesh (Vicryl ™) associated to repositioning of a Lefèvre constrained liner adapted to hip range of motion to prevent cam effects. The technique was implemented in 2 patients showing recurrent dislocation after THA, associating total femur replacement and cemented constrained liner in a metal reinforcement ring. In one of the 2 cases, the abductor mechanism had been entirely sacrificed. This simple and accessible salvage technique prevented recurrence of dislocation at 12 months' follow-up in these complex cases, previously subject to several episodes per year.
MeSH term(s)	Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Hip Dislocation/diagnostic imaging ; Hip Dislocation/surgery ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Ligaments, Articular ; Prosthesis Design ; Prosthesis Failure ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-13
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1877-0568
ISSN (online)	1877-0568
DOI	10.1016/j.otsr.2020.102783
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Article ; Online: Low thoracic skeletal muscle index is associated with negative outcomes in 244 patients with respiratory COVID-19.

Grigioni, S / Lvovschi, V-E / Tamion, F / Joly, L-M / Coëffier, M / Van Elslande, H / Galmiche, Marie / Gâté, M / Traore-Ouattara, U / Marais, B / Michel, J / Dechelotte, P / Savoye-Collet, C / Achamrah, N

Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)

2022 Volume 42, Issue 2, Page(s) 102–107

Abstract: Background: Sarcopenia is associated with negative outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and during chronic diseases. We aimed to evaluate if low skeletal muscle index (SMI) measured by computed tomography (CT) at the thoracic level is ... ...

Abstract	Background: Sarcopenia is associated with negative outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and during chronic diseases. We aimed to evaluate if low skeletal muscle index (SMI) measured by computed tomography (CT) at the thoracic level is associated with poor outcomes in hospitalized patients with respiratory COVID-19. Methods: Patients admitted to the hospital between March 1st and June 9, 2020 with a confirmed diagnosis of respiratory COVID-19 in the Emergency Department were included in this retrospective cohort study. SMI was assessed from a transverse CT image at the T12 level. We analysed the association between thoracic SMI and mortality, ICU admissions, infections, length of stay and gravity scores. Results: We included 244 patients, whose median age was 62 (20-95) years, mean body mass index was 28,6 kg/m Conclusion: Low SMI measured by CT at the thoracic level T12 is associated with negative outcomes in patients with respiratory COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; COVID-19/pathology ; Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging ; Muscle, Skeletal/pathology ; Sarcopenia/diagnosis ; Body Mass Index
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604812-2
ISSN	1532-1983 ; 0261-5614
ISSN (online)	1532-1983
ISSN	0261-5614
DOI	10.1016/j.clnu.2022.11.011
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Zs.A 1774: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Impedance-pH monitoring in proton pump inhibitor resistant patients: ready for clinical application?

Galmiche, J P

Gut

2006 Volume 55, Issue 10, Page(s) 1379–1381

MeSH term(s)	Drug Resistance ; Electric Impedance ; Gastroesophageal Reflux/drug therapy ; Gastroesophageal Reflux/physiopathology ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Proton Pump Inhibitors/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Proton Pump Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comment ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80128-8
ISSN	1468-3288 ; 0017-5749
ISSN (online)	1468-3288
ISSN	0017-5749
DOI	10.1136/gut.2006.098806
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Zs.A 160: Show issues

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Article: Endoscopy-negative reflux disease: part of the spectrum of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease [corrected] or a separate disorder? Implications for treatment.

Galmiche, J-P

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics

2005 Volume 21 Suppl 1, Page(s) 9–10, 21–4

MeSH term(s)	Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/methods ; Gastroesophageal Reflux/chemically induced ; Gastroesophageal Reflux/therapy ; Humans
Chemical Substances	Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639012-2
ISSN	1365-2036 ; 0269-2813 ; 0953-0673
ISSN (online)	1365-2036
ISSN	0269-2813 ; 0953-0673
DOI	10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02348.x
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Zs.A 2206: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Complications and outcomes of trochleoplasty for patellofemoral instability: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 1000 trochleoplasties.

Leclerc, Jean-Thomas / Dartus, Julien / Labreuche, Julien / Martinot, Pierre / Galmiche, Romain / Migaud, Henri / Pasquier, Gilles / Putman, Sophie

Orthopaedics & traumatology, surgery & research : OTSR

2021 Volume 107, Issue 7, Page(s) 103035

Abstract: Background: Trochleoplasty is an effective patellar stabilization procedure; however, it is associated with a risk of complications that cannot be ignored. Prior systematic reviews on this topic did not include more recent studies reporting important ... ...

Abstract	Background: Trochleoplasty is an effective patellar stabilization procedure; however, it is associated with a risk of complications that cannot be ignored. Prior systematic reviews on this topic did not include more recent studies reporting important outcomes, particularly the long-term results of lateral elevation trochleoplasty. This led us to carry out a new meta-analysis of the various trochleoplasty procedures to specify: (1) the recurrence rate of patellofemoral dislocation; (2) the complication rates and; (3) the clinical outcomes. Patients and methods: Studies reporting complications and clinical outcomes of trochleoplasty, whether or not it was combined with other procedures for patellofemoral instability, were identified in the MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science databases and by searching the grey literature. The primary endpoint was the recurrence of patellofemoral dislocation while the secondary endpoints were objective patellofemoral instability without dislocation, stiffness, patellofemoral osteoarthritis, subsequent surgeries and various clinical outcome scores. The results were combined in a random-effects model (weighing factor: inverse variance) when the heterogeneity was less than 80%. Results: Twenty-eight studies were included: 5 featured lateral elevation trochleoplasty, 10 about the Dejour deepening trochleoplasty, 12 about the Bereiter deepening trochleoplasty and 1 about the recession wedge trochleoplasty. A total of 1000 trochleoplasty procedures were done in 890 patients who had a follow-up of 1 to 25 years. There were 24 cases of recurrent dislocation (24/994 [2.4%]; this outcome was not reported for 6 trochleoplasties). The Dejour deepening trochleoplasty was the most effective with only 1 recurrence in 349 knees (0.28%). For the other complications, residual patellar instability without dislocation occurred in 82 of 754 knees (8% [95% CI: 3-14%]), patellofemoral osteoarthritis in 117 of 431 knees (27%), stiffness in 59 of 642 knees (7% [95% CI: 3-12%]) and the need for subsequent surgery in 151 of 904 knees (17%). Discussion: This study found a low recurrence rate for patellofemoral dislocation and residual instability. The incidence of stiffness, patellofemoral osteoarthritis and subsequent surgery remains high but differs greatly between studies. This meta-analysis showed a very large disparity between studies for most complications, which justifies the need for randomized and comparative studies to establish the role of trochleoplasty procedures in the treatment algorithm for patellar instability. Level of evidence: IV; systematic review and meta-analysis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Joint Instability/surgery ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; Patella/surgery ; Patellar Dislocation/surgery ; Patellofemoral Joint/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-05
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
ISSN	1877-0568
ISSN (online)	1877-0568
DOI	10.1016/j.otsr.2021.103035
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