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  1. Article ; Online: LiverZap: a chemoptogenetic tool for global and locally restricted hepatocyte ablation to study cellular behaviours in liver regeneration.

    Ambrosio, Elizabeth M G / Bailey, Charlotte S L / Unterweger, Iris A / Christensen, Jens B / Bruchez, Marcel P / Lundegaard, Pia R / Ober, Elke A

    Development (Cambridge, England)

    2024  Volume 151, Issue 4

    Abstract: The liver restores its mass and architecture after injury. Yet, investigating morphogenetic cell behaviours and signals that repair tissue architecture at high spatiotemporal resolution remains challenging. We developed LiverZap, a tuneable ... ...

    Abstract The liver restores its mass and architecture after injury. Yet, investigating morphogenetic cell behaviours and signals that repair tissue architecture at high spatiotemporal resolution remains challenging. We developed LiverZap, a tuneable chemoptogenetic liver injury model in zebrafish. LiverZap employs the formation of a binary FAP-TAP photosensitiser followed by brief near-infrared illumination inducing hepatocyte-specific death and recapitulating mammalian liver injury types. The tool enables local hepatocyte ablation and extended live imaging capturing regenerative cell behaviours, which is crucial for studying cellular interactions at the interface of healthy and damaged tissue. Applying LiverZap, we show that targeted hepatocyte ablation in a small region of interest is sufficient to trigger local liver progenitor-like cell (LPC)-mediated regeneration, challenging the current understanding of liver regeneration. Surprisingly, the LPC response is also elicited in adjacent uninjured tissue, at up to 100 µm distance to the injury. Moreover, dynamic biliary network rearrangement suggests active cell movements from uninjured tissue in response to substantial hepatocyte loss as an integral step of LPC-mediated liver regeneration. This precisely targetable liver cell ablation tool will enable the discovery of key molecular and morphogenetic regeneration paradigms.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Zebrafish ; Liver Regeneration/physiology ; Hepatocytes ; Liver/metabolism ; Biliary Tract ; Mammals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 90607-4
    ISSN 1477-9129 ; 0950-1991
    ISSN (online) 1477-9129
    ISSN 0950-1991
    DOI 10.1242/dev.202217
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Lineage tracing identifies heterogeneous hepatoblast contribution to cell lineages and postembryonic organ growth dynamics.

    Unterweger, Iris A / Klepstad, Julie / Hannezo, Edouard / Lundegaard, Pia R / Trusina, Ala / Ober, Elke A

    PLoS biology

    2023  Volume 21, Issue 10, Page(s) e3002315

    Abstract: To meet the physiological demands of the body, organs need to establish a functional tissue architecture and adequate size as the embryo develops to adulthood. In the liver, uni- and bipotent progenitor differentiation into hepatocytes and biliary ... ...

    Abstract To meet the physiological demands of the body, organs need to establish a functional tissue architecture and adequate size as the embryo develops to adulthood. In the liver, uni- and bipotent progenitor differentiation into hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells (BECs), and their relative proportions, comprise the functional architecture. Yet, the contribution of individual liver progenitors at the organ level to both fates, and their specific proportion, is unresolved. Combining mathematical modelling with organ-wide, multispectral FRaeppli-NLS lineage tracing in zebrafish, we demonstrate that a precise BEC-to-hepatocyte ratio is established (i) fast, (ii) solely by heterogeneous lineage decisions from uni- and bipotent progenitors, and (iii) independent of subsequent cell type-specific proliferation. Extending lineage tracing to adulthood determined that embryonic cells undergo spatially heterogeneous three-dimensional growth associated with distinct environments. Strikingly, giant clusters comprising almost half a ventral lobe suggest lobe-specific dominant-like growth behaviours. We show substantial hepatocyte polyploidy in juveniles representing another hallmark of postembryonic liver growth. Our findings uncover heterogeneous progenitor contributions to tissue architecture-defining cell type proportions and postembryonic organ growth as key mechanisms forming the adult liver.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Lineage ; Zebrafish ; Liver/metabolism ; Hepatocytes/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2126776-5
    ISSN 1545-7885 ; 1544-9173
    ISSN (online) 1545-7885
    ISSN 1544-9173
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002315
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Foregut organ progenitors and their niche display distinct viscoelastic properties in vivo during early morphogenesis stages.

    Dzementsei, Aliaksandr / Barooji, Younes F / Ober, Elke A / Oddershede, Lene B

    Communications biology

    2022  Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 402

    Abstract: Material properties of living matter play an important role for biological function and development. Yet, quantification of material properties of internal organs in vivo, without causing physiological damage, remains challenging. Here, we present a non- ... ...

    Abstract Material properties of living matter play an important role for biological function and development. Yet, quantification of material properties of internal organs in vivo, without causing physiological damage, remains challenging. Here, we present a non-invasive approach based on modified optical tweezers for quantifying sub-cellular material properties deep inside living zebrafish embryos. Material properties of cells within the foregut region are quantified as deep as 150 µm into the biological tissue through measurements of the positions of an inert tracer. This yields an exponent, α, which characterizes the scaling behavior of the positional power spectra and the complex shear moduli. The measurements demonstrate differential mechanical properties: at the time when the developing organs undergo substantial displacements during morphogenesis, gut progenitors are more elastic (α = 0.57 ± 0.07) than the neighboring yolk (α = 0.73 ± 0.08), liver (α = 0.66 ± 0.06) and two mesodermal (α = 0.68 ± 0.06, α = 0.64 ± 0.06) progenitor cell populations. The higher elasticity of gut progenitors correlates with an increased cellular concentration of microtubules. The results infer a role of material properties during morphogenesis and the approach paves the way for quantitative material investigations in vivo of embryos, explants, or organoids.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Elasticity ; Endoderm ; Liver ; Morphogenesis ; Zebrafish
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2399-3642
    ISSN (online) 2399-3642
    DOI 10.1038/s42003-022-03349-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Non-conventional protrusions: the diversity of cell interactions at short and long distance.

    Caviglia, Sara / Ober, Elke A

    Current opinion in cell biology

    2018  Volume 54, Page(s) 106–113

    Abstract: Cells use different means to communicate within and between tissues and thereby coordinate their behaviours. Following the initial observations of enigmatic long filopodia unrelated to cell movement, it became clear that the roles of cellular protrusions ...

    Abstract Cells use different means to communicate within and between tissues and thereby coordinate their behaviours. Following the initial observations of enigmatic long filopodia unrelated to cell movement, it became clear that the roles of cellular protrusions are not restricted to sensing functions or motility and are much more diverse than previously appreciated. Advances in live-imaging and genetic tools revealed several types of non-conventional cell protrusions and their functions, ranging from tissue patterning, proliferation and differentiation control, tissue matching and cell spacing to more unexpected roles such as priming of cell adhesion as well as bidirectional coordination of tissue movements. Here, we will highlight exciting new insights into highly diverse cell behaviours elicited by protrusions and contact-dependent cell communication, essential for embryonic development across species.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Communication ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Surface Extensions/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Morphogenesis ; Stem Cells/cytology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1026381-0
    ISSN 1879-0410 ; 0955-0674
    ISSN (online) 1879-0410
    ISSN 0955-0674
    DOI 10.1016/j.ceb.2018.05.013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Development of the liver: Insights into organ and tissue morphogenesis.

    Ober, Elke A / Lemaigre, Frédéric P

    Journal of hepatology

    2018  Volume 68, Issue 5, Page(s) 1049–1062

    Abstract: Recent development of improved tools and methods to analyse tissues at the three-dimensional level has expanded our capacity to investigate morphogenesis of foetal liver. Here, we review the key morphogenetic steps during liver development, from the ... ...

    Abstract Recent development of improved tools and methods to analyse tissues at the three-dimensional level has expanded our capacity to investigate morphogenesis of foetal liver. Here, we review the key morphogenetic steps during liver development, from the prehepatic endoderm stage to the postnatal period, and consider several model organisms while focussing on the mammalian liver. We first discuss how the liver buds out of the endoderm and gives rise to an asymmetric liver. We next outline the mechanisms driving liver and lobe growth, and review morphogenesis of the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts; morphogenetic responses of the biliary tract to liver injury are discussed. Finally, we describe the mechanisms driving formation of the vasculature, namely venous and arterial vessels, as well as sinusoids.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic/embryology ; Biliary Tract/embryology ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology ; Hepatocytes/cytology ; Humans ; Liver/blood supply ; Liver/embryology ; Liver/growth & development ; Models, Biological ; Morphogenesis ; Signal Transduction
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-13
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 605953-3
    ISSN 1600-0641 ; 0168-8278
    ISSN (online) 1600-0641
    ISSN 0168-8278
    DOI 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.01.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Foregut organ progenitors and their niche display distinct viscoelastic properties in vivo during early morphogenesis stages

    Aliaksandr Dzementsei / Younes F. Barooji / Elke A. Ober / Lene B. Oddershede

    Communications Biology, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 11

    Abstract: Here, the authors present a method based on optical tweezers to measure mechanical properties of cells inside living zebrafish embryos. The measurement reveals spatiotemporally distinct mechanical properties, linking cell mechanics and morphogenesis. ...

    Abstract Here, the authors present a method based on optical tweezers to measure mechanical properties of cells inside living zebrafish embryos. The measurement reveals spatiotemporally distinct mechanical properties, linking cell mechanics and morphogenesis.
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: ahctf1

    Morgan, Kimberly J / Doggett, Karen / Geng, Fansuo / Mieruszynski, Stephen / Whitehead, Lachlan / Smith, Kelly A / Hogan, Benjamin M / Simons, Cas / Baillie, Gregory J / Molania, Ramyar / Papenfuss, Anthony T / Hall, Thomas E / Ober, Elke A / Stainier, Didier Y R / Gong, Zhiyuan / Heath, Joan K

    eLife

    2023  Volume 12

    Abstract: The nucleoporin (NUP) ELYS, encoded ... ...

    Abstract The nucleoporin (NUP) ELYS, encoded by
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology ; Zebrafish/genetics ; Zebrafish/metabolism ; Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins/genetics ; Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins/metabolism ; Hyperplasia ; Liver Neoplasms/genetics ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology ; Mutation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/metabolism ; Zebrafish Proteins/genetics ; Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins ; Kras protein, zebrafish (EC 3.6.5.2) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) (EC 3.6.5.2) ; Zebrafish Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2687154-3
    ISSN 2050-084X ; 2050-084X
    ISSN (online) 2050-084X
    ISSN 2050-084X
    DOI 10.7554/eLife.73407
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  8. Article ; Online: FRaeppli: a multispectral imaging toolbox for cell tracing and dense tissue analysis in zebrafish.

    Caviglia, Sara / Unterweger, Iris A / Gasiūnaitė, Akvilė / Vanoosthuyse, Alexandre E / Cutrale, Francesco / Trinh, Le A / Fraser, Scott E / Neuhauss, Stephan C F / Ober, Elke A

    Development (Cambridge, England)

    2022  Volume 149, Issue 16

    Abstract: Visualizing cell shapes and interactions of differentiating cells is instrumental for understanding organ development and repair. Across species, strategies for stochastic multicolour labelling have greatly facilitated in vivo cell tracking and mapping ... ...

    Abstract Visualizing cell shapes and interactions of differentiating cells is instrumental for understanding organ development and repair. Across species, strategies for stochastic multicolour labelling have greatly facilitated in vivo cell tracking and mapping neuronal connectivity. Yet integrating multi-fluorophore information into the context of developing zebrafish tissues is challenging given their cytoplasmic localization and spectral incompatibility with common fluorescent markers. Inspired by Drosophila Raeppli, we developed FRaeppli (Fish-Raeppli) by expressing bright membrane- or nuclear-targeted fluorescent proteins for efficient cell shape analysis and tracking. High spatiotemporal activation flexibility is provided by the Gal4/UAS system together with Cre/lox and/or PhiC31 integrase. The distinct spectra of the FRaeppli fluorescent proteins allow simultaneous imaging with GFP and infrared subcellular reporters or tissue landmarks. We demonstrate the suitability of FRaeppli for live imaging of complex internal organs, such as the liver, and have tailored hyperspectral protocols for time-efficient acquisition. Combining FRaeppli with polarity markers revealed previously unknown canalicular topologies between differentiating hepatocytes, reminiscent of the mammalian liver, suggesting common developmental mechanisms. The multispectral FRaeppli toolbox thus enables the comprehensive analysis of intricate cellular morphologies, topologies and lineages at single-cell resolution in zebrafish.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism ; Integrases/metabolism ; Mammals/metabolism ; Neurons/metabolism ; Zebrafish/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Green Fluorescent Proteins (147336-22-9) ; Integrases (EC 2.7.7.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 90607-4
    ISSN 1477-9129 ; 0950-1991
    ISSN (online) 1477-9129
    ISSN 0950-1991
    DOI 10.1242/dev.199615
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  9. Article ; Online ; Conference proceedings: At new heights - endodermal lineages in development and disease.

    Ober, Elke A / Grapin-Botton, Anne

    Development (Cambridge, England)

    2015  Volume 142, Issue 11, Page(s) 1912–1917

    Abstract: The endoderm gives rise to diverse tissues and organs that are essential for the homeostasis and metabolism of the organism: the thymus, thyroid, lungs, liver and pancreas, and the functionally diverse domains of the digestive tract. Classically, the ... ...

    Abstract The endoderm gives rise to diverse tissues and organs that are essential for the homeostasis and metabolism of the organism: the thymus, thyroid, lungs, liver and pancreas, and the functionally diverse domains of the digestive tract. Classically, the endoderm, the 'innermost germ layer', was in the shadow of the ectoderm and mesoderm. However, at a recent Keystone meeting it took center stage, revealing astonishing progress in dissecting the mechanisms underlying the development and malfunction of the endodermal organs. In vitro cultures of stem and progenitor cells have become widespread, with remarkable success in differentiating three-dimensional organoids, which - in a new turn for the field - can be used as disease models.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Body Patterning ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Disease ; Disease Models, Animal ; Embryonic Development ; Endoderm/cytology ; Humans ; Organoids/embryology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-06-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Congresses ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 90607-4
    ISSN 1477-9129 ; 0950-1991
    ISSN (online) 1477-9129
    ISSN 0950-1991
    DOI 10.1242/dev.121095
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: ahctf1 and kras mutations combine to amplify oncogenic stress and restrict liver overgrowth in a zebrafish model of hepatocellular carcinoma

    Kimberly J Morgan / Karen Doggett / Fansuo Geng / Stephen Mieruszynski / Lachlan Whitehead / Kelly A Smith / Benjamin M Hogan / Cas Simons / Gregory J Baillie / Ramyar Molania / Anthony T Papenfuss / Thomas E Hall / Elke A Ober / Didier YR Stainier / Zhiyuan Gong / Joan K Heath

    eLife, Vol

    2023  Volume 12

    Abstract: The nucleoporin (NUP) ELYS, encoded by AHCTF1, is a large multifunctional protein with essential roles in nuclear pore assembly and mitosis. Using both larval and adult zebrafish models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in which the expression of an ... ...

    Abstract The nucleoporin (NUP) ELYS, encoded by AHCTF1, is a large multifunctional protein with essential roles in nuclear pore assembly and mitosis. Using both larval and adult zebrafish models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in which the expression of an inducible mutant kras transgene (krasG12V) drives hepatocyte-specific hyperplasia and liver enlargement, we show that reducing ahctf1 gene dosage by 50% markedly decreases liver volume, while non-hyperplastic tissues are unaffected. We demonstrate that in the context of cancer, ahctf1 heterozygosity impairs nuclear pore formation, mitotic spindle assembly, and chromosome segregation, leading to DNA damage and activation of a Tp53-dependent transcriptional programme that induces cell death and cell cycle arrest. Heterozygous expression of both ahctf1 and ranbp2 (encoding a second nucleoporin), or treatment of heterozygous ahctf1 larvae with the nucleocytoplasmic transport inhibitor, Selinexor, completely blocks krasG12V-driven hepatocyte hyperplasia. Gene expression analysis of patient samples in the liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) dataset in The Cancer Genome Atlas shows that high expression of one or more of the transcripts encoding the 10 components of the NUP107–160 subcomplex, which includes AHCTF1, is positively correlated with worse overall survival. These results provide a strong and feasible rationale for the development of novel cancer therapeutics that target ELYS function and suggest potential avenues for effective combinatorial treatments.
    Keywords kras oncogene ; ahctf1 ; Elys ; nucleoporin ; synthetic lethality ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 572
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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