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Article ; Online: Health care professionals' experiences of pain management in the intensive care unit: a qualitative study.

Bhattacharyya, A / Laycock, H / Brett, S J / Beatty, F / Kemp, H I

2023

Abstract: Despite the existence of evidence-based guidelines for the assessment and management of pain in the critical care setting, the prevalence of acute pain remains high. Inadequate pain management is associated with longer duration of mechanical ventilation, ...

Abstract	Despite the existence of evidence-based guidelines for the assessment and management of pain in the critical care setting, the prevalence of acute pain remains high. Inadequate pain management is associated with longer duration of mechanical ventilation, reduced capacity for rehabilitation and long-term psychological sequelae. This study aimed to describe the experiences of pain management from healthcare professionals working in intensive care units. Healthcare professionals were recruited from intensive care units in London, UK using a purposive sampling technique. Semi-structured interviews were transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis technique. Thirty participants were recruited from eight diverse intensive care units. Five themes were identified. First, there was a lack of consensus in pain assessment in the ICU where nursing staff described more knowledge and confidence of validated pain measures than physicians, and concerns over validity and usability were raised. Second, there was a universal perception of resource availability impacting the quality of pain management including high clinical workload, staff turnover and availability of certain pain management techniques. Third, acknowledgement of the importance of pain management was highest in those with experience of interacting with critical care survivors. Fourth, participants described their own emotional reaction to managing those in pain which influenced their learning. Finally, there was a perception that, due to the complexity of the intensive care unit population, pain was de-prioritised and there were conflicting views as to whether standardised analgosedation algorithms were useful. This study provides evidence to suggest interdisciplinary training, collaboratively designed decision-making tools, prioritisation initiatives and research priorities are areas that could be targeted to improve pain management in critical care.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80033-8
ISSN	1365-2044 ; 0003-2409
ISSN (online)	1365-2044
ISSN	0003-2409
DOI	10.1111/anae.16209
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Methodological pluralism for better evaluations of complex interventions: lessons from evaluating an innovation platform in Australia.

Bailie, J / Cunningham, F / Abimbola, S / Laycock, A / Bainbridge, R / Bailie, R / Conte, K / Passey, M / Peiris, D

Health research policy and systems

2022 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 14

Abstract: Complex interventions, such as innovation platforms, pose challenges for evaluators. A variety of methodological approaches are often required to build a more complete and comprehensive understanding of how complex interventions work. In this paper, we ... ...

Abstract	Complex interventions, such as innovation platforms, pose challenges for evaluators. A variety of methodological approaches are often required to build a more complete and comprehensive understanding of how complex interventions work. In this paper, we outline and critically appraise a methodologically pluralist evaluation of an innovation platform to strengthen primary care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. In doing so, we aim to identify lessons learned from the approach taken and add to existing literature on implementing evaluations in complex settings, such as innovation platforms. The pluralist design used four evaluation approaches-developmental evaluation, principles-focused evaluation, network analysis, and framework analysis-with differing strengths and challenges. Taken together, the multiple evaluation approaches yielded a detailed description and nuanced understanding of the formation, functioning and outcomes of the innovation platform that would be difficult to achieve with any single evaluation method. While a methodologically pluralist design may place additional pressure on logistical and analytic resources available, it enables a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that underlie complex interventions.
MeSH term(s)	Australia ; Cultural Diversity ; Humans ; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ; Primary Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2101196-5
ISSN	1478-4505 ; 1478-4505
ISSN (online)	1478-4505
ISSN	1478-4505
DOI	10.1186/s12961-022-00814-5
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Producing knowledge together: a participatory approach to synthesising research across a large-scale collaboration in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health.

Conte, Kathleen P / Laycock, Alison / Bailie, Jodie / Walke, Emma / Onnis, Leigh-Ann / Feeney, Lynette / Langham, Erika / Cunningham, Frances / Matthews, Veronica / Bailie, Ross

Health research policy and systems

2024 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 3

Abstract: Background: Despite that stakeholder participation in evidence synthesis could result in more useful outcomes, there are few examples of processes that actively involve them in synthesis work. Techniques are needed that engage diverse stakeholders as ... ...

Abstract	Background: Despite that stakeholder participation in evidence synthesis could result in more useful outcomes, there are few examples of processes that actively involve them in synthesis work. Techniques are needed that engage diverse stakeholders as equal partners in knowledge co-production. The aims of this paper are to describe an innovative participatory process of synthesising a large body of academic research products and compare the findings of the participatory process against two traditional approaches to synthesis: a rapid review and a structured review. Methods: First, a rapid synthesis of all research outputs (n = 86) was conducted by researchers with in-depth knowledge of the collaboration's research. Second, a team of researchers and service providers conducted a structured synthesis of seventy-eight peer-reviewed articles and reports generated by the collaboration. Fifty-five publications were brought forward for further synthesis in part three, a facilitated participatory synthesis. Finally, we explored the value added by the participatory method by comparing findings generated across the three synthesis approaches. Results: Twelve researchers and 11 service providers/policy partners-8 self-identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander-participated in two facilitated workshops (totalling 4 h). Workshop activities engaged participants in reviewing publication summaries, identifying key findings, and evoked review, discussion and refinement. The process explicitly linked experiential knowledge to citations of academic research, clearly connecting the two knowledge types. In comparing the findings generated across all three methods we found mostly consistencies; the few discrepancies did not contradict but gave deeper insights into statements created by the other methods. The participatory synthesis generated the most, detailed, and unique findings, and contextual insights about the relevance of the key messages for practice. Conclusion: The participatory synthesis engaged stakeholders with diverse backgrounds and skillsets in synthesising a large body of evidence in a relatively short time. The participatory approach produced findings comparable to traditional synthesis methods while extending knowledge and identifying lessons most relevant for the participants who, ultimately, are the end users of the research. This process will interest other large-scale research collaborations seeking to engage stakeholders in evidence synthesis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples ; Health Services, Indigenous ; Population Groups ; Research Personnel
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2101196-5
ISSN	1478-4505 ; 1478-4505
ISSN (online)	1478-4505
ISSN	1478-4505
DOI	10.1186/s12961-023-01087-2
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Analysis of carbon nanotube levels in organic matter: an inter-laboratory comparison to determine best practice.

Devoy, Jérôme / Al-Abed, Souhail / Cerdan, Benjamin / Cho, Wan-Seob / Dubuc, David / Flahaut, Emmanuel / Grenier, Katia / Grossmann, Stéphane / Gulumian, Mary / Jeong, Jiyoung / Kim, Boo Wook / Laycock, Adam / Lee, Jong Seong / Smith, Rachel / Yang, Mei / Yu, Il Je / Zhang, Minfang / Cosnier, Frédéric

Nanotoxicology

2024 Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) 214–228

Abstract: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are increasingly being used in industrial applications, but their toxicological data in animals and humans are still sparse. To assess the toxicological dose-response of CNTs and to evaluate their pulmonary biopersistence, their ... ...

Abstract	Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are increasingly being used in industrial applications, but their toxicological data in animals and humans are still sparse. To assess the toxicological dose-response of CNTs and to evaluate their pulmonary biopersistence, their quantification in tissues, especially lungs, is crucial. There are currently no reference methods or reference materials for low levels of CNTs in organic matter. Among existing analytical methods, few have been fully and properly validated. To remedy this, we undertook an inter-laboratory comparison on samples of freeze-dried pig lung, ground and doped with CNTs. Eight laboratories were enrolled to analyze 3 types of CNTs at 2 concentration levels each in this organic matrix. Associated with the different analysis techniques used (specific to each laboratory), sample preparation may or may not have involved prior digestion of the matrix, depending on the analysis technique and the material being analyzed. Overall, even challenging, laboratories' ability to quantify CNT levels in organic matter is demonstrated. However, CNT quantification is often overestimated. Trueness analysis identified effective methods, but systematic errors persisted for some. Choosing the assigned value proved complex. Indirect analysis methods, despite added steps, outperform direct methods. The study emphasizes the need for reference materials, enhanced precision, and organized comparisons.
MeSH term(s)	Nanotubes, Carbon/chemistry ; Nanotubes, Carbon/toxicity ; Animals ; Swine ; Lung/chemistry ; Lung/drug effects ; Laboratories/standards ; Organic Chemicals/analysis ; Organic Chemicals/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Nanotubes, Carbon ; Organic Chemicals
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comparative Study
ZDB-ID	2237988-5
ISSN	1743-5404 ; 1743-5390
ISSN (online)	1743-5404
ISSN	1743-5390
DOI	10.1080/17435390.2024.2331683
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Methodological pluralism for better evaluations of complex interventions

J. Bailie / F. Cunningham / S. Abimbola / A. Laycock / R. Bainbridge / R. Bailie / K. Conte / M. Passey / D. Peiris

Health Research Policy and Systems, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-

lessons from evaluating an innovation platform in Australia

2022 Volume 14

Abstract: Abstract Complex interventions, such as innovation platforms, pose challenges for evaluators. A variety of methodological approaches are often required to build a more complete and comprehensive understanding of how complex interventions work. In this ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Complex interventions, such as innovation platforms, pose challenges for evaluators. A variety of methodological approaches are often required to build a more complete and comprehensive understanding of how complex interventions work. In this paper, we outline and critically appraise a methodologically pluralist evaluation of an innovation platform to strengthen primary care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. In doing so, we aim to identify lessons learned from the approach taken and add to existing literature on implementing evaluations in complex settings, such as innovation platforms. The pluralist design used four evaluation approaches—developmental evaluation, principles-focused evaluation, network analysis, and framework analysis—with differing strengths and challenges. Taken together, the multiple evaluation approaches yielded a detailed description and nuanced understanding of the formation, functioning and outcomes of the innovation platform that would be difficult to achieve with any single evaluation method. While a methodologically pluralist design may place additional pressure on logistical and analytic resources available, it enables a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that underlie complex interventions.
Keywords	Innovation platforms ; Developmental evaluation ; Principles-focused evaluation ; Network analysis ; Collaborations ; Utilization-focused ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Near-term pregnant women in the Dominican Republic experience high rates of Group B Streptococcus rectovaginal colonization with virulent strains.

Laycock, Katherine M / Acosta, Francia / Valera, Sandra / Villegas, Ana / Mejia, Elia / Mateo, Christian / Felipe, Rosa / Fernández, Anabel / Job, Megan / Dongas, Sophia / Steenhoff, Andrew P / Ratner, Adam J / Geoghegan, Sarah

PLOS global public health

2023 Volume 3, Issue 9, Page(s) e0002281

Abstract: Maternal colonization with Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is an important cause of stillbirth, prematurity, and serious infection and death in infants worldwide. Resource constraints limit prevention strategies in many regions. Maternal GBS vaccines in ... ...

Abstract	Maternal colonization with Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is an important cause of stillbirth, prematurity, and serious infection and death in infants worldwide. Resource constraints limit prevention strategies in many regions. Maternal GBS vaccines in development could be a more accessible prevention strategy, but data on geographic variations in GBS clones are needed to guide development of a broadly effective vaccine. In the Dominican Republic (DR), limited data suggest that pregnant women experience GBS colonization at rates among the highest globally. We aimed to determine the prevalence of maternal rectovaginal GBS colonization and describe clonal characteristics of colonizing strains in the DR. A cross-sectional study assessed rectovaginal GBS colonization in 350 near-term pregnant women presenting for routine prenatal care at an urban tertiary center in the DR. Rectovaginal samples were tested with chromogenic Strep B Carrot Broth and cultured for confirmatory whole-genome sequencing. In a secondary analysis, participants' demographics and histories were assessed for association with GBS colonization. Rectovaginal GBS colonization occurred in 26.6% of women. Serotypes Ia, Ib, II, III, IV, and V were detected, with no one serotype predominating; serotype III was identified most frequently (21.5%). Virulent and emerging strains were common, including CC17 (15.1%) and ST1010 (17.2%). In this first characterization of maternal GBS serotypes in the DR, we found high rates of rectovaginal colonization including with virulent and emerging GBS strains. The serotypes observed here are all targeted by candidate hexavalent GBS vaccines, suggesting effective protection in the DR.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2767-3375
ISSN (online)	2767-3375
DOI	10.1371/journal.pgph.0002281
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Brooks, Jacob R / Dusane, Devendra H / Moore, Kelly / Gupta, Tripti / Delury, Craig / Aiken, Sean S / Laycock, Phillip A / Sullivan, Anne C / Granger, Jeffrey F / Dipane, Matthew V / McPherson, Edward J / Stoodley, Paul

Journal of bone and joint infection

2021 Volume 6, Issue 5, Page(s) 119–129

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Introduction
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-23
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2206-3552
ISSN	2206-3552
DOI	10.5194/jbji-6-119-2021
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Pain Assessment in INTensive care (PAINT): an observational study of physician-documented pain assessment in 45 intensive care units in the United Kingdom.

Kemp, H I / Bantel, C / Gordon, F / Brett, S J / Laycock, H C

Anaesthesia

2017 Volume 72, Issue 6, Page(s) 737–748

Abstract: Pain is a common and distressing symptom experienced by intensive care patients. Assessing pain in this environment is challenging, and published guidelines have been inconsistently implemented. The Pain Assessment in INTensive care (PAINT) study aimed ... ...

Abstract	Pain is a common and distressing symptom experienced by intensive care patients. Assessing pain in this environment is challenging, and published guidelines have been inconsistently implemented. The Pain Assessment in INTensive care (PAINT) study aimed to evaluate the frequency and type of physician pain assessments with respect to published guidelines. This observational service evaluation considered all pain and analgesia-related entries in patients' records over a 24-h period, in 45 adult intensive care units (ICUs) in London and the South-East of England. Data were collected from 750 patients, reflecting the practice of 362 physicians. Nearly two-thirds of patients (n = 475, 64.5%, 95%CI 60.9-67.8%) received no physician-documented pain assessment during the 24-h study period. Just under one-third (n = 215, 28.6%, 95%CI 25.5-32.0%) received no nursing-documented pain assessment, and over one-fifth (n = 159, 21.2%, 95%CI 19.2-23.4)% received neither a doctor nor a nursing pain assessment. Two of the 45 ICUs used validated behavioural pain assessment tools. The likelihood of receiving a physician pain assessment was affected by the following factors: the number of nursing assessments performed; whether the patient was admitted as a surgical patient; the presence of tracheal tube or tracheostomy; and the length of stay in ICU. Physician-documented pain assessments in the majority of participating ICUs were infrequent and did not utilise recommended behavioural pain assessment tools. Further research to identify factors influencing physician pain assessment behaviour in ICU, such as human factors or cultural attitudes, is urgently needed.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Critical Care/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nursing/statistics & numerical data ; Nursing Assessment ; Pain Measurement/methods ; Pain Measurement/statistics & numerical data ; Pain, Postoperative/diagnosis ; Pain, Postoperative/therapy ; Physicians/statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; United Kingdom ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-02-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	80033-8
ISSN	1365-2044 ; 0003-2409
ISSN (online)	1365-2044
ISSN	0003-2409
DOI	10.1111/anae.13786
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 388: Show issues

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Article: Elution Kinetics from Antibiotic-Loaded Calcium Sulfate Beads, Antibiotic-Loaded Polymethacrylate Spacers, and a Powdered Antibiotic Bolus for Surgical Site Infections in a Novel In Vitro Draining Knee Model.

Moore, Kelly / Os, Rebecca Wilson-van / Dusane, Devendra H / Brooks, Jacob R / Delury, Craig / Aiken, Sean S / Laycock, Phillip A / Sullivan, Anne C / Granger, Jeffrey F / Dipane, Matthew V / McPherson, Edward J / Stoodley, Paul

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 10, Issue 3

Abstract: Antibiotic-tolerant bacterial biofilms are notorious in causing PJI. Antibiotic loaded calcium sulfate bead (CSB) bone void fillers and PMMA cement and powdered vancomycin (VP) have been used to achieve high local antibiotic concentrations; however, the ... ...

Abstract	Antibiotic-tolerant bacterial biofilms are notorious in causing PJI. Antibiotic loaded calcium sulfate bead (CSB) bone void fillers and PMMA cement and powdered vancomycin (VP) have been used to achieve high local antibiotic concentrations; however, the effect of drainage on concentration is poorly understood. We designed an in vitro flow reactor which provides post-surgical drainage rates after knee revision surgery to determine antibiotic concentration profiles. Tobramycin and vancomycin concentrations were determined using LCMS, zones of inhibition confirmed potency and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) at various time points was used to compare applications. Concentrations of antibiotcs from the PMMA and CSB initially increased then decreased before increasing after 2 to 3 h, correlating with decreased drainage, demonstrating that concentration was controlled by both release and flow rates. VP achieved the greatest AUC after 2 h, but rapidly dropped below inhibitory levels. CSB combined with PMMA achieved the greatest AUC after 2 h. The combination of PMMA and CSB may present an effective combination for killing biofilm bacteria; however, cytotoxicity and appropriate antibiotic stewardship should be considered. The model may be useful in comparing antibiotic concentration profiles when varying fluid exchange is important. However, further studies are required to assess its utility for predicting clinical efficacy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2681345-2
ISSN	2079-6382
ISSN	2079-6382
DOI	10.3390/antibiotics10030270
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Wide-Scale Continuous Quality Improvement: A Study of Stakeholders' Use of Quality of Care Reports at Various System Levels, and Factors Mediating Use.

Laycock, Alison F / Bailie, Jodie / Percival, Nikki A / Matthews, Veronica / Cunningham, Frances C / Harvey, Gillian / Copley, Kerry / Patel, Louise / Bailie, Ross

Frontiers in public health

2019 Volume 6, Page(s) 378

Abstract: Introduction: ...

Abstract	Introduction:
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2018.00378
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