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Book: Asymptomatic atherosclerosis

Naghavi, Morteza

pathophysiology, detection and treatment

(Contemporary cardiology)

2010

Author's details	ed. by Morteza Naghavi
Series title	Contemporary cardiology
Keywords	Atherosclerosis / physiopathology ; Atherosclerosis / diagnosis ; Atherosclerosis / therapy
Language	English
Size	XXII, 737 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
Publisher	Humana Press
Publishing place	New York u.a.
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT016106964
ISBN	1-60327-178-3 ; 978-1-60327-178-3 ; 9781603271790 ; 1603271791
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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Article ; Online: Validation of Opportunistic Artificial Intelligence-Based Bone Mineral Density Measurements in Coronary Artery Calcium Scans.

Naghavi, Morteza / Atlas, Kyle / Jaberzadeh, Amirhossein / Zhang, Chenyu / Manubolu, Venkat / Li, Dong / Budoff, Matthew

Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR

2023 Volume 21, Issue 4, Page(s) 624–632

Abstract: Background: Previously we reported a manual method of measuring thoracic vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) using quantitative CT in noncontrast cardiac CT scans used for coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring. In this report, we present validation ... ...

Abstract	Background: Previously we reported a manual method of measuring thoracic vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) using quantitative CT in noncontrast cardiac CT scans used for coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring. In this report, we present validation studies of an artificial intelligence-based automated BMD measurement (AutoBMD) that recently received FDA approval as an opportunistic add-on to CAC scans. Methods: A deep learning model was trained to detect vertebral bodies. Subsequently, signal processing techniques were developed to detect intervertebral discs and the trabecular components of the vertebral body. The model was trained using 132 CAC scans comprising 7,649 slices. To validate AutoBMD, we used 5,785 cases of manual BMD measurements previously reported from CAC scans in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Results: Mean ± SD for AutoBMD and manual BMD were 166.1 ± 47.9 mg/cc and 163.1 ± 46 mg/cc, respectively (P = .006). Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis cases were 47.5% male and 52.5% female, with age 62.2 ± 10.3. A strong correlation was found between AutoBMD and manual measurements (R = 0.85, P < .0001). Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for AutoBMD-based detection of osteoporosis were 99.6%, 96.7%, 97.7%, 99.7% and 99.8%, respectively. AutoBMD averaged 15 seconds per report versus 5.5 min for manual measurements (P < .0001). Conclusions: AutoBMD is an FDA-approved, artificial intelligence-enabled opportunistic tool that reports BMD with Z-scores and T-scores and accurately detects osteoporosis and osteopenia in CAC scans, demonstrating results comparable to manual measurements. No extra cost of scanning and no extra radiation to patients, plus the high prevalence of asymptomatic osteoporosis, make AutoBMD a promising candidate to enhance patient care.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Bone Density ; Calcium ; Coronary Vessels ; Artificial Intelligence ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods ; Osteoporosis/diagnostic imaging ; Absorptiometry, Photon ; Atherosclerosis
Chemical Substances	Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2274861-1
ISSN	1558-349X ; 1546-1440
ISSN (online)	1558-349X
ISSN	1546-1440
DOI	10.1016/j.jacr.2023.05.006
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Article ; Online: Investigating the Effects of Brief Electrical Stimulation Duration on Sciatic Nerve Regeneration and Functional Recovery in a Rat Transection Model

Hosein Samaram / Nadia Naghavi / Sareh Naseri / Morteza Behnam Rasouli

Iranian Journal of Medical Physics, Vol 19, Iss 6, Pp 356-

2022 Volume 362

Abstract: Introduction: Periodic and brief electrical stimulations (ES) are used as therapeutic protocols to improve nerve regeneration and functional recovery in various nervous system disorders. Periodic ES is applied transcutaneously for several sessions post- ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Periodic and brief electrical stimulations (ES) are used as therapeutic protocols to improve nerve regeneration and functional recovery in various nervous system disorders. Periodic ES is applied transcutaneously for several sessions post-surgery, but brief ES is applied directly to the nerve during the surgery. Brief ES has no negative effects on functional recovery but applying periodic ES may delay the recovery. In most research studies, brief ES has been applied for 1-hour, although in some studies shorter durations were used. In this research, to reduce the risk of infection and cost, brief ESs with different durations (1-hour and shorter durations) were studied in a comparative study. Material and Methods: The right sciatic nerve of 24 adult male Wistar rats was transected and sutured to a silicone tube. Experimental groups were stimulated by 10, 30, and 60 minutes ES (20Hz, 3V, 100µs). The hot plate test was done biweekly. At the end of the experimental period (12 weeks), the histomorphometric assessments were performed on the intra silicon tube segment of the regenerated nerve and its tibial branch. Results: Hot plate test results showed an increase in the regeneration speed in experimental groups; furthermore, the 60-min ES group had better outcomes in histomorphometric assessment than other groups that may be due to the ES effect on the neuronal cell bodies. Conclusion. As the results indicate, the 60-min ES had a better outcome compared to other groups. Other specifics of a brief ES such as frequency, pulse width, and waveform (monophasic or biphasic) may be studied in future research.
Keywords	peripheral nerve ; regeneration ; electrical stimulation ; sciatic nerve ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Subject code	621
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: High Frequency of Microvascular Dysfunction in US Outpatient Clinics: A Sign of High Residual Risk? Data from 7,105 Patients.

Naghavi, Morteza / Kleis, Stanley / Tanaka, Hirofumi / Yen, Albert A / Zhuang, Ruoyu / Gul, Ahmed / Naghavi, Yasamin / Metcalfe, Ralph

International journal of vascular medicine

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 4224975

Abstract: Previous studies have linked peripheral microvascular dysfunction measured by arterial tonometry to high residual risk in on-statin patients. Digital thermal monitoring (DTM) of microvascular function is a new and simplified technique based on fingertip ... ...

Abstract	Previous studies have linked peripheral microvascular dysfunction measured by arterial tonometry to high residual risk in on-statin patients. Digital thermal monitoring (DTM) of microvascular function is a new and simplified technique based on fingertip temperature measurements that has been correlated with the burden of atherosclerosis and its risk factors. Here, we report analyses of DTM data from two large US registries: Registry-I (6,084 cases) and Registry-II (1,021 cases) across 49 US outpatient clinics. DTM tests were performed using a VENDYS device during a 5-minute arm-cuff reactive hyperemia. Fingertip temperature falls during cuff inflation and rebounds after deflation. Adjusted maximum temperature rebound was reported as vascular reactivity index (VRI). VRI distributions were similar in both registries, with mean ± SD of 1.58 ± 0.53 in Registry-I and 1.52 ± 0.43 in Registry-II. In the combined dataset, only 18% had optimal VRI (≥2.0) and 82% were either poor (<1.0) or intermediate (1.0-2.0). Women had slightly higher VRI than men (1.62 ± 0.56 vs. 1.54 ± 0.47,
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2573977-3
ISSN	2090-2832 ; 2090-2824
ISSN (online)	2090-2832
ISSN	2090-2824
DOI	10.1155/2022/4224975
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Factors affecting hospital services overutilization and reductive strategies in Iran: a qualitative study to explore experts' views.

Doshmangir, Leila / Jabbari, Hossein / Arab-Zozani, Morteza / Naghavi-Behzad, Mohammad / Abedi, Zeinab / Mostafavi, Hakimeh

Hospital practice (1995)

2022 Volume 50, Issue 5, Page(s) 416–424

Abstract: Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the viewpoints of the main stakeholders of the Iranian healthcare system about the overutilization of hospital services and strategies to eliminate or reduce it in Iran.: Methods: This is a qualitative ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the viewpoints of the main stakeholders of the Iranian healthcare system about the overutilization of hospital services and strategies to eliminate or reduce it in Iran. Methods: This is a qualitative study and thematic data analysis using face-to-face semi-structured interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). We conducted eight interviewers and two FGDs with hospital stakeholders including faculty members, insurance organizations' authorities, experienced hospital administrative staff, hospital managers, and health-care providers. Results: The factors leading to the overutilization of hospital services were categorized into four main themes including site of service, quality, supplier push, and demand pull. Strategies for eliminating or reducing the overutilization of hospital services are also identified based on the influential factors. Conclusion: Addressing overutilization of hospital services in the health system and adherence to policies for reducing or eliminating overutilization is a way to make preventive strategies to overcome overutilization. Developing a national plan to integrate utilization management into health system programs is a strategy to combat overutilization in various levels of the health system including hospital setting.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Iran ; Qualitative Research ; Focus Groups ; Hospitals ; Delivery of Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2570453-9
ISSN	2377-1003 ; 2154-8331 ; 8750-2836
ISSN (online)	2377-1003
ISSN	2154-8331 ; 8750-2836
DOI	10.1080/21548331.2022.2134679
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Article: AI-enabled Left Atrial Volumetry in Cardiac CT Scans Improves CHARGE-AF and Outperforms NT-ProBNP for Prediction of Atrial Fibrillation in Asymptomatic Individuals: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Naghavi, Morteza / Yankelevitz, David / Reeves, Anthony P / Budoff, Matthew J / Li, Dong / Atlas, Kyle C / Zhang, Chenyu / Atlas, Thomas L / Lirette, Seth / Wasserthal, Jakob / Henschke, Claudia / Defilippi, Christopher / Heckbert, Susan R / Greenland, Philip

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

2024

Abstract: Background: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain actionable information beyond CAC scores that is not currently reported.: Methods: We have applied artificial intelligence-enabled automated cardiac chambers volumetry to CAC scans (AI-CAC), ... ...

Abstract	Background: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain actionable information beyond CAC scores that is not currently reported. Methods: We have applied artificial intelligence-enabled automated cardiac chambers volumetry to CAC scans (AI-CAC), taking on average 21 seconds per CAC scan, to 5535 asymptomatic individuals (52.2% women, ages 45-84) that were previously obtained for CAC scoring in the baseline examination (2000-2002) of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). We used the 5-year outcomes data for incident atrial fibrillation (AF) and compared the time-dependent AUC of AI-CAC LA volume with known predictors of AF, the CHARGE-AF Risk Score and NT-proBNP (BNP). The mean follow-up time to an AF event was 2.9±1.4 years. Results: At 1,2,3,4, and 5 years follow-up 36, 77, 123, 182, and 236 cases of AF were identified, respectively. The AUC for AI-CAC LA volume was significantly higher than CHARGE-AF or BNP at year 1 (0.836, 0.742, 0.742), year 2 (0.842, 0.807,0.772), and year 3 (0.811, 0.785, 0.745) (p<0.02), but similar for year 4 (0.785, 0.769, 0.725) and year 5 (0.781, 0.767, 0.734) respectively (p>0.05). AI-CAC LA volume significantly improved the continuous Net Reclassification Index for prediction of AF over years 1-5 when added to CAC score (0.74, 0.49, 0.53, 0.39, 0.44), CHARGE-AF Risk Score (0.60, 0.28, 0.32, 0.19, 0.24), and BNP (0.68, 0.44, 0.42, 0.30, 0.37) respectively (p<0.01). Conclusion: AI-CAC LA volume enabled prediction of AF as early as one year and significantly improved on risk classification of CHARGE-AF Risk Score and BNP.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.01.22.24301384
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: AI-enabled cardiac chambers volumetry in coronary artery calcium scans (AI-CAC

Naghavi, Morteza / Reeves, Anthony / Budoff, Matthew / Li, Dong / Atlas, Kyle / Zhang, Chenyu / Atlas, Thomas / Roy, Sion K / Henschke, Claudia I / Wong, Nathan D / Defilippi, Christopher / Levy, Daniel / Yankelevitz, David F

Journal of cardiovascular computed tomography

2024

Abstract: Introduction: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain useful information beyond the Agatston CAC score that is not currently reported. We recently reported that artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled cardiac chambers volumetry in CAC scans (AI-CAC™) ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain useful information beyond the Agatston CAC score that is not currently reported. We recently reported that artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled cardiac chambers volumetry in CAC scans (AI-CAC™) predicted incident atrial fibrillation in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). In this study, we investigated the performance of AI-CAC cardiac chambers for prediction of incident heart failure (HF). Methods: We applied AI-CAC to 5750 CAC scans of asymptomatic individuals (52% female, White 40%, Black 26%, Hispanic 22% Chinese 12%) free of known cardiovascular disease at the MESA baseline examination (2000-2002). We used the 15-year outcomes data and compared the time-dependent area under the curve (AUC) of AI-CAC volumetry versus NT-proBNP, Agatston score, and 9 known clinical risk factors (age, gender, diabetes, current smoking, hypertension medication, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, LDL, HDL for predicting incident HF over 15 years. Results: Over 15 years of follow-up, 256 HF events accrued. The time-dependent AUC [95% CI] at 15 years for predicting HF with AI-CAC all chambers volumetry (0.86 [0.82,0.91]) was significantly higher than NT-proBNP (0.74 [0.69, 0.77]) and Agatston score (0.71 [0.68, 0.78]) (p < 0.0001), and comparable to clinical risk factors (0.85, p = 0.4141). Category-free Net Reclassification Index (NRI) [95% CI] adding AI-CAC LV significantly improved on clinical risk factors (0.32 [0.16,0.41]), NT-proBNP (0.46 [0.33,0.58]), and Agatston score (0.71 [0.57,0.81]) for HF prediction at 15 years (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: AI-CAC volumetry significantly outperformed NT-proBNP and the Agatston CAC score, and significantly improved the AUC and category-free NRI of clinical risk factors for incident HF prediction.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2394360-9
ISSN	1876-861X ; 1934-5925
ISSN (online)	1876-861X
ISSN	1934-5925
DOI	10.1016/j.jcct.2024.04.006
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: AI-enabled left atrial volumetry in coronary artery calcium scans (AI-CAC

Naghavi, Morteza / Yankelevitz, David / Reeves, Anthony P / Budoff, Matthew J / Li, Dong / Atlas, Kyle / Zhang, Chenyu / Atlas, Thomas L / Lirette, Seth / Wasserthal, Jakob / Roy, Sion K / Henschke, Claudia / Wong, Nathan D / Defilippi, Christopher / Heckbert, Susan R / Greenland, Philip

Journal of cardiovascular computed tomography

2024

Abstract	Background: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain actionable information beyond CAC scores that is not currently reported. Methods: We have applied artificial intelligence-enabled automated cardiac chambers volumetry to CAC scans (AI-CAC Results: At 1,2,3,4, and 5 years follow-up 36, 77, 123, 182, and 236 cases of AF were identified, respectively. The AUC for AI-CAC LA volume was significantly higher than CHARGE-AF for Years 1, 2, and 3 (0.83 vs. 0.74, 0.84 vs. 0.80, and 0.81 vs. 0.78, respectively, all p < 0.05), but similar for Years 4 and 5, and significantly higher than NT-proBNP at Years 1-5 (all p < 0.01), but not for combined CHARGE-AF and NT-proBNP at any year. AI-CAC LA significantly improved the continuous Net Reclassification Index for prediction of AF over years 1-5 when added to CHARGE-AF Risk Score (0.60, 0.28, 0.32, 0.19, 0.24), and NT-proBNP (0.68, 0.44, 0.42, 0.30, 0.37) (all p < 0.01). Conclusion: AI-CAC LA volume enabled prediction of AF as early as one year and significantly improved on risk classification of CHARGE-AF Risk Score and NT-proBNP.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2394360-9
ISSN	1876-861X ; 1934-5925
ISSN (online)	1876-861X
ISSN	1934-5925
DOI	10.1016/j.jcct.2024.04.005
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Article ; Online: Synthesis of cuttlebone/ carbon quantum dots/nickel oxide nanocomposite for visible light photodegradation of malachite green used for environmental remediation.

Montazer, Masoud / Bagheri Pebdeni, Azam / Sheikholeslami, Mahsa Naghavi / Dehghan Abkenar, Shiva / Firoozbakhtian, Ali / Hosseini, Morteza / Dragoi, Elena Niculina

Chemosphere

2023 Volume 333, Page(s) 138880

Abstract: In recent years, the development of light-driven nanophotocatalysts has focused on efficiently eliminating organic pollutants. In this regard, the present work focuses on the photocatalytic removal of malachite green (MG) dye using cuttlebone powder (CB) ...

Abstract	In recent years, the development of light-driven nanophotocatalysts has focused on efficiently eliminating organic pollutants. In this regard, the present work focuses on the photocatalytic removal of malachite green (MG) dye using cuttlebone powder (CB) modified with carbon quantum dots (CQDs)/nickel oxide (NiO) under visible light irradiation. Various techniques were used to characterize the proposed composite, including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images. The optical properties of the synthesized CB/CQDs/NiO were analyzed by UV-VIS visible spectroscopy. Using central composite design (CCD), several effective parameters, including pH, dye concentration, amount of photocatalyst, and temperature degradation efficiency, were optimized to achieve the optimal condition for photocatalytic activity of CB/CQDs/NiO. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood model was employed to model the kinetics of the degradation of the dye, the resulting K being 0.378 min
MeSH term(s)	Photolysis ; Quantum Dots ; Carbon ; Light ; Nanocomposites/chemistry ; Environmental Restoration and Remediation ; Catalysis
Chemical Substances	malachite green (12058M7ORO) ; nickel monoxide (C3574QBZ3Y) ; Carbon (7440-44-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	120089-6
ISSN	1879-1298 ; 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
ISSN (online)	1879-1298
ISSN	0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
DOI	10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138880
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Book: Asymptomatic atherosclerosis

Naghavi, Morteza

pathophysiology, detection, and treatment

(Contemporary cardiology)

2010

Author's details	edited by Morteza Naghavi
Series title	Contemporary cardiology
MeSH term(s)	Atherosclerosis/physiopathology ; Atherosclerosis/diagnosis ; Atherosclerosis/therapy
Language	English
Size	xxii, 737 p. :, ill. (some col.), ports ;, 27 cm.
Publisher	Humana Press
Publishing place	New York
Document type	Book
ISBN	9781603271783 ; 1603271783 ; 9781603271790 ; 1603271791
Database	Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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