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Article ; Online: Longitudinal Partial Volume Correction in 2-[18F]-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography Studies of Alzheimer Disease.

Malpas, Charles B / Saling, Michael M / Velakoulis, Dennis / Desmond, Patricia / Hicks, Rodney J / OʼBrien, Terence J

2016 Volume 39, Issue 4, Page(s) 559–564

Abstract: Objective: To investigate partial volume correction (PVC) of 2-[F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ...

Abstract	Objective: To investigate partial volume correction (PVC) of 2-[F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography in Alzheimer disease in a longitudinal context. Methods: A total of 115 participants were included, including 55 controls, 53 patients with mild cognitive impairment, and 7 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type. Imaging was performed at baseline and 24 months. Partial volume corrected vs uncorrected rates of longitudinal change were compared for mesial temporal and cortical regions of interest. Results: Partial volume correction increased apparent uptake, and this effect was greater at 24 months compared with baseline. Partial volume correction decreased the rate of decline, causing an apparent increase in uptake at 24 months compared with baseline. This effect was correlated with the structural atrophy. Conclusions: These findings suggest that applying PVC in a longitudinal context in Alzheimer disease might produce unpredictable results. Accordingly, both PVC corrected and uncorrected data should be reported to ensure that the results are physiologically plausible.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Mapping/methods ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Male ; Positron-Emission Tomography/methods ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Reproducibility of Results
Chemical Substances	Radiopharmaceuticals ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (0Z5B2CJX4D)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-06-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	80392-3
ISSN	1532-3145 ; 0363-8715
ISSN (online)	1532-3145
ISSN	0363-8715
DOI	10.1097/RCT.0000000000000256
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Zs.A 1388: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Younger people with dementia registered to public mental health services in Victoria, Australia.

Loi, Samantha M / Eratne, Dhamidhu / Velakoulis, Dennis

Australian health review : a publication of the Australian Hospital Association

2024

Abstract: ObjectivesIndividuals living with young-onset dementia fall through the gaps of adult and geriatric services. Given that non-cognitive symptoms of dementia in younger people are often psychiatric and behavioural in nature, these people may contact mental ...

Abstract	ObjectivesIndividuals living with young-onset dementia fall through the gaps of adult and geriatric services. Given that non-cognitive symptoms of dementia in younger people are often psychiatric and behavioural in nature, these people may contact mental health services. There is sparse information investigating the frequency of people with young-onset dementia who contact mental health triage in Victoria.MethodsTriage data were obtained from the Victorian Agency for Health Information. The data contained demographics for people registered with Victorian mental health services. Consumers who had an International Classification for Diseases code for dementia and were aged less than 65 years were identified as people with young-onset dementia. Using information of the frequency of people with young-onset dementia who were registered with each area-based mental health service, population census statistics were used to make estimates of the frequency of young-onset dementia.ResultsOf the 6172 people who had a dementia diagnosis, 1020 of them were aged less than 65 years and had young-onset dementia. There were proportionally more men who had young-onset dementia compared to women. There were more people with young-onset dementia registered to rural mental health services compared to metropolitan services.ConclusionFindings provide important information for service planning in Victoria. Recommendations include upskilling and education for the assessment of dementia for those clinicians who work in mental health services, particularly in rural regions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-04
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639155-2
ISSN	1449-8944 ; 0159-5709 ; 0156-5788
ISSN (online)	1449-8944
ISSN	0159-5709 ; 0156-5788
DOI	10.1071/AH23253
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Zs.B 3099: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Occam's razor trumped by Hickam's dictum: A case of a patient having as many diseases as they (darn) well please.

Eratne, Dhamidhu / Velakoulis, Dennis

The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry

2022 Volume 56, Issue 7, Page(s) 870–871

MeSH term(s)	Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Letter
ZDB-ID	221140-3
ISSN	1440-1614 ; 0004-8674
ISSN (online)	1440-1614
ISSN	0004-8674
DOI	10.1177/00048674211073041
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Zs.A 856: Show issues

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Article: Post-Diagnostic Support for Behaviour Changes in Young-Onset Dementia in Australia.

Cadwallader, Claire J / Velakoulis, Dennis / Loi, Samantha M

Brain sciences

2023 Volume 13, Issue 11

Abstract: Behaviour changes (BCs) are common in young-onset dementia (YOD). Access to knowledgeable and age-appropriate support services is needed to assist with the appropriate management of BCs. We sought to investigate the types of YOD-related BCs that most ... ...

Abstract	Behaviour changes (BCs) are common in young-onset dementia (YOD). Access to knowledgeable and age-appropriate support services is needed to assist with the appropriate management of BCs. We sought to investigate the types of YOD-related BCs that most commonly require support, the formal services being accessed for support, and the experiences of those seeking support in Australia. We employed a cross-sectional online questionnaire for individuals living with YOD as well as individuals providing informal or formal care for someone with YOD. Thirty-six questionnaire responses were recorded. Of the total sample, 83% reported YOD-related BCs requiring support, the most common being appetite/eating changes, followed by agitation/aggression and apathy/indifference. Seventy-six percent of these individuals had attempted to seek support from a formal service, with Dementia Australia, Dementia Support Australia, and general practitioners most commonly approached. Responses suggested that the support access pathway is suboptimal, with a lack of clarity about what services to approach for support and long wait times. Furthermore, 28% of participants had not gained access to support utilizing non-pharmacological strategies. Individuals who need support for YOD-related BCs demonstrated a high rate of help-seeking from formal support services; however, the support access pathway is slow, is difficult to navigate, and does not result in the best-practice management of BCs. Formal services resourced to provide efficient support with the implementation of behavioural strategies are needed, along with clear, accessible guidelines on the pathway to access them.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2651993-8
ISSN	2076-3425
ISSN	2076-3425
DOI	10.3390/brainsci13111529
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Article ; Online: Young-onset dementia diagnosis, management and care.

Loi, Samantha M / Cations, Monica / Velakoulis, Dennis

The Medical journal of Australia

2023 Volume 219, Issue 2, Page(s) 90

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Dementia/diagnosis ; Dementia/therapy ; Age of Onset
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-03
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	186082-3
ISSN	1326-5377 ; 0025-729X
ISSN (online)	1326-5377
ISSN	0025-729X
DOI	10.5694/mja2.51995
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Ua VI Zs.398: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Young-onset dementia diagnosis, management and care: a narrative review.

Loi, Samantha M / Cations, Monica / Velakoulis, Dennis

The Medical journal of Australia

2023 Volume 218, Issue 4, Page(s) 182–189

Abstract: Young-onset dementia comprises a heterogeneous range of dementias, with onset at less than 65 years of age. These include primary dementias such as Alzheimer disease, frontotemporal and vascular dementias; genetic/familial dementias; metabolic disorders; ...

Abstract	Young-onset dementia comprises a heterogeneous range of dementias, with onset at less than 65 years of age. These include primary dementias such as Alzheimer disease, frontotemporal and vascular dementias; genetic/familial dementias; metabolic disorders; and secondary dementias such as those that result from alcohol use disorder, traumatic brain injury, and infections. The presentation of young-onset dementia is varied and may include cognitive, psychiatric and neurological symptoms. Diagnostic delay is common, with a frequent diagnostic conundrum being, "Is this young-onset dementia or is this psychiatric?". For assessment and accurate diagnosis, a thorough screen is recommended, such as collateral history and investigations such as neuroimaging, lumbar puncture, neuropsychology, and genetic testing. The management of young-onset dementia needs to be age-appropriate and multidisciplinary, with timely access to services and consideration of the family (including children).
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Dementia ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/psychology ; Alcoholism ; Frontotemporal Dementia
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-19
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	186082-3
ISSN	1326-5377 ; 0025-729X
ISSN (online)	1326-5377
ISSN	0025-729X
DOI	10.5694/mja2.51849
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Article ; Online: Mania Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review.

Li, Anna D / Loi, Samantha M / Velakoulis, Dennis / Walterfang, Mark

The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences

2023 Volume 35, Issue 4, Page(s) 341–351

Abstract: Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Mania is an uncommon, but debilitating, psychiatric occurrence following TBI. The literature on mania following TBI is largely limited to case reports and ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Mania is an uncommon, but debilitating, psychiatric occurrence following TBI. The literature on mania following TBI is largely limited to case reports and case series. In the present review, the investigators describe the clinical, diagnostic, and treatment characteristics of mania following TBI. Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO was conducted for English-language studies published from 1980 to July 15, 2021. The included studies provided the required individual primary data and sufficient information on clinical presentation or treatment of manic symptoms. Studies with patients who reported a history of mania or bipolar disorder prior to TBI and studies with patients who sustained TBI before adulthood were excluded. Results: Forty-one studies were included, which reported information for 50 patients (the mean±SD age at mania onset was 39.1±14.3 years). Patients were more frequently male, aged <50 years, and without a personal or family history of psychiatric disorders. Although 74% of patients reported mania developing within 1 year following TBI, latencies of up to 31 years were observed. Illness trajectory varied from a single manic episode to recurrent mood episodes. Rapid cycling was reported in six patients. Mood stabilizers and antipsychotics were most frequently used to improve symptoms. Conclusions: Heterogeneity of lesion locations and coexisting vulnerabilities make causality difficult to establish. Valproate or a second-generation antipsychotic, such as olanzapine or quetiapine, may be considered first-line therapy in the absence of high-level evidence for a more preferred treatment. Early escalation to combined therapy (mood stabilizer and second-generation antipsychotic) is recommended to control symptoms and prevent recurrence. Larger prospective studies and randomized controlled trials are needed to refine diagnostic criteria and provide definitive treatment recommendations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1036340-3
ISSN	1545-7222 ; 0895-0172
ISSN (online)	1545-7222
ISSN	0895-0172
DOI	10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20220105
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Zs.A 2633: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Peer Support for Caregivers of People Living with Posterior Cortical Atrophy in Melbourne, Australia: A Feasibility Study.

Mitchell, Alexander / Kelso, Wendy / Paynter, Camille / Hayes, Leanne / Velakoulis, Dennis / Loi, Samantha M

International journal of environmental research and public health

2024 Volume 21, Issue 4

Abstract: Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA) is a rare form of young-onset dementia that causes early visuospatial and visuoperceptual deficits. The symptom profile of Posterior Cortical Atrophy leads to very specific care needs for those affected, who often rely on ...

Abstract	Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA) is a rare form of young-onset dementia that causes early visuospatial and visuoperceptual deficits. The symptom profile of Posterior Cortical Atrophy leads to very specific care needs for those affected, who often rely on informal caregivers (including friends and family). Rare dementia support groups can be useful for both patients and their caregivers to assist with knowledge sharing, psychoeducation, and the provision of psychosocial support. Despite this, few such support groups exist. The purpose of this study was to examine a PCA support group for caregivers of individuals living with PCA. We held a structured psychoeducation support group comprised of four sessions with the aim being to provide education, strategies for the management of the disease, and peer support. Caregivers' mental health and quality of life were assessed. The results of our study showed that support group participation was a positive experience and assisted with increasing the knowledge of caregivers and fostering social connections. We suggest that peer support groups may be beneficial for both people living with PCA and their caregivers. We recommend that future quantitative and qualitative research is conducted to further assess health-promotion benefits to people living with PCA and their caregivers, and to assess their development and implementation in different contexts.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Caregivers/psychology ; Male ; Peer Group ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Feasibility Studies ; Quality of Life ; Social Support ; Aged ; Self-Help Groups ; Dementia/nursing ; Dementia/psychology ; Australia ; Atrophy ; Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph21040513
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Article ; Online: Recent research advances in young-onset dementia.

Loi, Samantha M / Pijnenburg, Yolande / Velakoulis, Dennis

Current opinion in psychiatry

2022 Volume 36, Issue 2, Page(s) 126–133

Abstract: Purpose of review: Young-onset dementia (YOD) refers to a dementia for which symptom onset occurs below the age of 65. This review summarizes the recent literature in this area, focusing on updates in epidemiology, diagnosis and service provision.: ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Young-onset dementia (YOD) refers to a dementia for which symptom onset occurs below the age of 65. This review summarizes the recent literature in this area, focusing on updates in epidemiology, diagnosis and service provision. Recent findings: In the last year, internationally, the prevalence of YOD was reported as 119 per 100 000, but this may vary according to population types. Although the commonest causes of YOD are Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), there is increasing recognition that YOD is diagnostically and phenotypically broader than AD and FTD. YOD may be due to many other diseases (e.g. Huntington's disease, vascular dementia) whereas accumulation of the same protein (e.g. amyloid protein) may lead to different phenotypes of Alzheimer's disease (such as posterior cortical atrophy and behavioural-variant/frontal-variant AD). This heterogeneity of phenotypic presentation is also seen in YOD due to known genetic mutations. Biomarkers such as plasma and cerebrospinal fluid proteins, neuroimaging and genetics have shown promise in the early identification of YOD as well as providing further understanding behind the overlap between psychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions occurring in younger people. The management of YOD needs to consider age-specific issues for younger people with dementia and their family networks together with better integration with other health services such as aged, disability and improved access to services and financial assistance. Summary: These findings emphasize the need for early identification and appropriate age-specific and person-centred management for people with young-onset dementia.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis ; Frontotemporal Dementia/diagnosis ; Age of Onset
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	645162-7
ISSN	1473-6578 ; 0951-7367
ISSN (online)	1473-6578
ISSN	0951-7367
DOI	10.1097/YCO.0000000000000843
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Zs.A 2532: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Visiting and observing: reflections on clinical observer visits to Neuropsychiatry, Royal Melbourne Hospital.

Looi, Jeffrey / Velakoulis, Dennis

Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists

2020 Volume 29, Issue 4, Page(s) 465–468

Abstract: Objectives: To describe and provide experiential reflections on a model of continuing professional development in psychiatry for development and maintenance of specialised skills.: Conclusions: For clinical psychiatrists working in smaller population ...

Abstract	Objectives: To describe and provide experiential reflections on a model of continuing professional development in psychiatry for development and maintenance of specialised skills. Conclusions: For clinical psychiatrists working in smaller population centres, clinical observer visits with peers may be a useful method to develop, improve and calibrate knowledge and skills. Such potential benefits may be even more marked for specialised fields of psychiatry, such as neuropsychiatry.
MeSH term(s)	Hospitals ; Humans ; Neuropsychiatry ; Psychiatry
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2213198-X
ISSN	1440-1665 ; 1039-8562
ISSN (online)	1440-1665
ISSN	1039-8562
DOI	10.1177/1039856220946598
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Zs.MO 581: Show issues

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