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Article ; Online: Adding immunotherapy to first-line treatment of advanced and metastatic endometrial cancer.

Bogani, G / Monk, B J / Powell, M A / Westin, S N / Slomovitz, B / Moore, K N / Eskander, R N / Raspagliesi, F / Barretina-Ginesta, M-P / Colombo, N / Mirza, M R

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology

2024

Abstract: ... across all patient groups. Progression-free survival benefits are more pronounced in MMRd/MSI-H tumors (n ... n=1,757; HR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.60, 0.91). Pooled data further indicate that chemotherapy plus ...

Abstract	Background: Immunotherapy has transformed the endometrial cancer treatment landscape , particularly for those exhibiting mismatch repair deficiency (MMRd/MSI-H). A growing body of evidence supports the integration of immunotherapy with chemotherapy as a first-line treatment strategy. Recently, findings from ongoing trials such as RUBY (NCT03981796), NRG-GY018 (NCT03914612), AtTEnd (NCT03603184), and DUO-E (NCT04269200) have been disclosed. Materials and methods: This paper constitutes a review and meta-analysis of phase III trials investigating the role of immunotherapy in the first-line setting for advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. Results: The pooled data from 2,320 patients across these trials substantiate the adoption of chemotherapy alongside immunotherapy, revealing a significant improvement in progression-free survival compared to chemotherapy alone (Hazard Ratio (HR): 0.70, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.62, 0.79) across all patient groups. Progression-free survival benefits are more pronounced in MMRd/MSI-H tumors (n=563; HR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.43). This benefit, albeit less robust, persists in the MMRp/MSS group (n=1,757; HR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.60, 0.91). Pooled data further indicate that chemotherapy plus immunotherapy enhances overall survival compared to chemotherapy alone in all patients (HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.63, 0.89). However, overall survival data maturity remain low. Conclusions: The incorporation of immunotherapy into the initial treatment for advanced and metastatic endometrial cancer brings about a substantial improvement in oncologic outcomes, especially within the MMRd/MSI-H subset. This specific subgroup is currently a focal point of investigation for evaluating the potential of chemotherapy-free regimens. Ongoing exploratory analyses aim to identify non-responding patients eligible for inclusion in clinical trials.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1025984-3
ISSN	1569-8041 ; 0923-7534
ISSN (online)	1569-8041
ISSN	0923-7534
DOI	10.1016/j.annonc.2024.02.006
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Zs.A 2862: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Elevated glucose promotes MMP13 and ADAMTS5 production by osteoarthritic chondrocytes under oxygenated but not hypoxic conditions.

Jain, Lekha / Bolam, Scott M / Monk, Paul / Munro, Jacob T / Tamatea, Jade / Dalbeth, Nicola / Poulsen, Raewyn C

Journal of cellular physiology

2024

Abstract: Type 2 diabetes is linked with increased incidence and severity of osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of extracellular glucose within the normal blood glucose and hyperglycemic range on catabolic enzyme production by ... ...

Abstract	Type 2 diabetes is linked with increased incidence and severity of osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of extracellular glucose within the normal blood glucose and hyperglycemic range on catabolic enzyme production by chondrocytes isolated from osteoarthritic (OA) and macroscopically normal (MN) human cartilage under oxygenated (18.9% oxygen) and hypoxic (1% oxygen) conditions. OA and MN chondrocytes were maintained in 4, 6, 8, or 10 mM glucose for 24 h. Glucose consumption, GLUT1 glucose transporter levels, MMP13 and ADAMTS5 production, and levels of RUNX2, a transcriptional regulator of MMP13, ADAMTS5, and GLUT1, were assessed by enzyme-linked assays, RT-qPCR and/or western blot. Under oxygenated conditions, glucose consumption and GLUT1 protein levels were higher in OA but not MN chondrocytes in 10 mM glucose compared to 4 mM. Both RNA and protein levels of MMP13 and ADAMTS5 were also higher in OA but not MN chondrocytes in 10 mM compared to 4 mM glucose under oxygenated conditions. Expression of RUNX2 was overall lower in MN than OA chondrocytes and there was no consistent effect of extracellular glucose concentration on RUNX2 levels in MN chondrocytes. However, protein (but not RNA) levels of RUNX2 were elevated in OA chondrocytes maintained in 10 mM versus 4 mM glucose under oxygenated conditions. In contrast, neither RUNX2 levels or MMP13 or ADAMTS5 expression were increased in OA chondrocytes maintained in 10 mM compared to 4 mM glucose in hypoxia. Elevated extracellular glucose leads to increased glucose consumption and increased RUNX2 protein levels, promoting production of MMP13 and ADAMTS5 by OA chondrocytes in oxygenated but not hypoxic conditions. These findings suggest that hyperglycaemia may exacerbate chondrocyte-mediated cartilage catabolism in the oxygenated superficial zone of cartilage in vivo in patients with undertreated type 2 diabetes, contributing to increased OA severity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3116-1
ISSN	1097-4652 ; 0021-9541
ISSN (online)	1097-4652
ISSN	0021-9541
DOI	10.1002/jcp.31271
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Article ; Online: The Strongest Oxford Knee Score Predictors of Subsequent Revision are "Overall Pain," "Limping When Walking," and "Knee Giving Way".

Tay, Mei Lin / Monk, A Paul / Frampton, Chris M / Hooper, Gary J / Young, Simon W

The Journal of arthroplasty

2023 Volume 38, Issue 7 Suppl 2, Page(s) S156–S161.e3

Abstract: ... at 6 months (TKA n = 27,708; UKA n = 8,415), 5 years (TKA n = 11,519; UKA n = 3,365) or 10 years (TKA n ... 6,311; UKA n = 1,744) were included. Prediction models were assessed using logistic regressions and ... months (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.80 versus 0.78; P < .01) and 5 years (0.81 versus 0.77; P = .02 ...

Abstract	Background: The Oxford Knee Score (OKS) is used to measure knee arthroplasty outcomes; however, it is unclear which questions are more relevant. Our aims were to (1) identify which OKS question(s) were the strongest predictors of subsequent revision and (2) compare the predictive ability of the "pain" and "function" domains. Methods: All primary total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) and unicompartmental knee arthroplasties (UKAs) in the New Zealand Joint Registry between 1999 and 2019 with an OKS at 6 months (TKA n = 27,708; UKA n = 8,415), 5 years (TKA n = 11,519; UKA n = 3,365) or 10 years (TKA n = 6,311; UKA n = 1,744) were included. Prediction models were assessed using logistic regressions and receiver operating characteristic analyses. Results: A reduced model with 3 questions ("overall pain," "limping when walking," "knee giving way") showed better diagnostic ability than full OKS for predicting UKA revision at 6 months (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.80 versus 0.78; P < .01) and 5 years (0.81 versus 0.77; P = .02), and comparable diagnostic ability for predicting TKA revision at all time points (6 months, 0.77 versus 0.76; 5 years, 0.78 versus 0.75; 10 years, 0.76 versus 0.73; all not significant), and UKA revision at 10 years (0.80 versus 0.77; not significant). The pain domain had better diagnostic ability for predicting subsequent revision for both procedures at 5 and 10 years. Conclusion: Questions on "overall pain", "limping when walking", and "knee giving way" were the strongest predictors of subsequent revision. Attention to low scores from these questions during follow-up may allow for prompt identification of patients most at risk of revision.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery ; Knee Joint/surgery ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/methods ; Walking ; Gait ; Pain/surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Reoperation
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632770-9
ISSN	1532-8406 ; 0883-5403
ISSN (online)	1532-8406
ISSN	0883-5403
DOI	10.1016/j.arth.2023.03.001
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Zs.A 2134: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Associations of the Oxford Knee Score and knee arthroplasty revision at long-term follow-up.

Tay, Mei Lin / Monk, A Paul / Frampton, Chris M / Hooper, Gary J / Young, Simon W

ANZ journal of surgery

2023 Volume 93, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 310–315

Abstract: ... and 2019 in the New Zealand Joint Registry with an OKS at 6 months (TKA n = 27 708, UKA n = 8415), 5 ... years (TKA n = 11 519, UKA n = 3365) or 10 years (TKA n = 6311, UKA n = 1744) were included ... 4% versus 0.7%, UKA 11.3% versus 1.5%; all P < 0.01).: Conclusion: The OKS had a strong negative ...

Abstract	Background: Self-reported outcome measures are increasingly being collected for healthcare evaluation therefore it is prudent to understand their associations with patient outcomes. Our aims were to investigate: (1) if Oxford Knee Score (OKS) is associated with impending revision at long-term (5 and 10 years) follow-up, and (2) if decreased OKS at subsequent follow-ups is associated with higher risk of revision. Patients and methods: All total knee (TKAs) and unicompartmental knee arthroplasties (UKAs) between 1999 and 2019 in the New Zealand Joint Registry with an OKS at 6 months (TKA n = 27 708, UKA n = 8415), 5 years (TKA n = 11 519, UKA n = 3365) or 10 years (TKA n = 6311, UKA n = 1744) were included. Logistic regression determined associations of the OKS with revision within 2 years of each score. Change in OKS between timepoints were compared with revision risk. Results: For every one-unit increase in OKS, the odds of TKA and UKA revision decreased by 10% and 11% at 6 months, 10% and 12% at 5 years and 9% and 5% at 10 years. For both procedures a decrease of seven or more OKS points from previous follow-up was associated with higher risk of revision (5 years: TKA 4.7% versus 0.5%, UKA 8.7% versus 0.9%; 10 years: TKA 4.4% versus 0.7%, UKA 11.3% versus 1.5%; all P < 0.01). Conclusion: The OKS had a strong negative association with risk of impending TKA and UKA revision from early to long-term (10+ years) follow-up. A decrease of seven or more points when compared with the previous follow-up was also associated with higher revision risk.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects ; Follow-Up Studies ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery ; Knee Joint/surgery ; Delivery of Health Care ; Treatment Outcome ; Reoperation
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-19
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050749-5
ISSN	1445-2197 ; 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
ISSN (online)	1445-2197
ISSN	1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
DOI	10.1111/ans.18286
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Article ; Online: The effectiveness of allied health and nurse practitioner models-of-care in managing musculoskeletal conditions in the emergency department: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Vella, Simon P / Melman, Alla / Coombs, Danielle / Maher, Christopher G / Swain, Michael S / Monk, Elizabeth / Machado, Gustavo C

BMC emergency medicine

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 13

Abstract: ... records and included 5 randomised trials (n = 1512 patients). Only one trial (n = 260) reported on patient ...

Abstract	Background: Musculoskeletal conditions are the most common health condition seen in emergency departments. Hence, the most effective approaches to managing these conditions is of interest. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of allied health and nursing models of care for the management of musculoskeletal pain in ED. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and LILACS databases were searched from inception to March 2023 for published randomised trials that compared the effectiveness of allied health and nursing models of care for musculoskeletal conditions in ED to usual ED care. Trials were eligible if they enrolled participants presenting to ED with a musculoskeletal condition including low back pain, neck pain, upper or lower limb pain and any soft tissue injury. Trials that included patients with serious pathology (e.g. malignancy, infection or cauda equina syndrome) were excluded. The primary outcome was patient-flow; other outcomes included pain intensity, disability, hospital admission and re-presentation rates, patient satisfaction, medication prescription and adverse events. Two reviewers performed search screening, data extraction, quality and certainty of evidence assessments. Results: We identified 1746 records and included 5 randomised trials (n = 1512 patients). Only one trial (n = 260) reported on patient-flow. The study provides very-low certainty evidence that a greater proportion of patients were seen within 20 min when seen by a physician (98%) than when seen by a nurse (86%) or physiotherapist (77%). There was no difference in pain intensity and disability between patients managed by ED physicians and those managed by physiotherapists. Evidence was limited regarding patient satisfaction, inpatient admission and ED re-presentation rates, medication prescription and adverse events. The certainty of evidence for secondary outcomes ranged from very-low to low, but generally did not suggest a benefit of one model over another. Conclusion: There is limited research to judge the effectiveness of allied health and nursing models of care for the management of musculoskeletal conditions in ED. Currently, it is unclear as to whether allied health and nurse practitioners are more effective than ED physicians at managing musculoskeletal conditions in ED. Further high-quality trials investigating the impact of models of care on service and health outcomes are needed.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Hospitalization ; Musculoskeletal Diseases/therapy ; Physicians ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Nurse Practitioners
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050431-7
ISSN	1471-227X ; 1471-227X
ISSN (online)	1471-227X
ISSN	1471-227X
DOI	10.1186/s12873-023-00925-4
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Article ; Online: A comparison of clinical thresholds for revision following total and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Tay, Mei L / Monk, A P / Frampton, Christopher M / Hooper, Gary J / Young, Simon W

The bone & joint journal

2023 Volume 105-B, Issue 3, Page(s) 269–276

Abstract: ... response at six months (n, TKA: 16,774; UKA: 8,387), five years (TKA: 6,718; UKA: 3,359), or ten years (TKA ... outcomes (≤ 25) subsequently underwent revision compared with UKA at six months (5.1% vs 19.6%; p < 0.001 ... five years (4.3% vs 12.5%; p < 0.001), and ten years (6.4% vs 15.0%; p = 0.024). Compared with TKA ...

Abstract	Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has higher revision rates than total knee arthroplasty (TKA). As revision of UKA may be less technically demanding than revision TKA, UKA patients with poor functional outcomes may be more likely to be offered revision than TKA patients with similar outcomes. The aim of this study was to compare clinical thresholds for revisions between TKA and UKA using revision incidence and patient-reported outcomes, in a large, matched cohort at early, mid-, and late-term follow-up. Analyses were performed on propensity score-matched patient cohorts of TKAs and UKAs (2:1) registered in the New Zealand Joint Registry between 1 January 1999 and 31 December 2019 with an Oxford Knee Score (OKS) response at six months (n, TKA: 16,774; UKA: 8,387), five years (TKA: 6,718; UKA: 3,359), or ten years (TKA: 3,486; UKA: 1,743). Associations between OKS and revision within two years following the score were examined. Thresholds were compared using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Reasons for aseptic revision were compared using cumulative incidence with competing risk. Fewer TKA patients with 'poor' outcomes (≤ 25) subsequently underwent revision compared with UKA at six months (5.1% vs 19.6%; p < 0.001), five years (4.3% vs 12.5%; p < 0.001), and ten years (6.4% vs 15.0%; p = 0.024). Compared with TKA, the relative risk for UKA was 2.5-times higher for 'unknown' reasons, bearing dislocations, and disease progression. Compared with TKA, more UKA patients with poor outcomes underwent revision from early to long-term follow-up, and were more likely to undergo revision for 'unknown' reasons, which suggest a lower clinical threshold for UKA. For UKA, revision risk was higher for bearing dislocations and disease progression. There is supporting evidence that the higher revision UKA rates are associated with lower clinical thresholds for revision and additional modes of failure.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Disease Progression ; Joint Dislocations ; New Zealand/epidemiology ; Patient Reported Outcome Measures
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2697156-2
ISSN	2049-4408 ; 2049-4394
ISSN (online)	2049-4408
ISSN	2049-4394
DOI	10.1302/0301-620X.105B3.BJJ-2022-0872.R2
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Zs.A 6989: Show issues

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Article: Associations between individual and structural level racism and gestational age at birth in the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring mothers-to-be.

Barcelona, Veronica / Chen, LinQin / Zhao, Yihong / Samari, Goleen / Monk, Catherine / McNeil, Rebecca / Baccarelli, Andrea A / Wapner, Ronald

Research square

2024

Abstract: ... among nulliparous women (n=7,732) at eight sites across the U.S. Measures included the individual Experiences ... on gestational length (p=0.03). In subgroup analyses, we found that among these with high EOD scores, women who were ...

Abstract	The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between multilevel racism and gestational age at birth among nulliparous non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White and Hispanic women. We conducted a secondary analysis of data of the nuMoM2b Study (2010-2013) to examine the associations between individual and structural-level experiences of racism and discrimination and gestational age at birth among nulliparous women (n=7,732) at eight sites across the U.S. Measures included the individual Experiences of Discrimination (EOD) scale and the Index of Concentration (ICE) at the Extremes to measure structural racism. After adjustment,we observed a significant individual and structural racism interaction on gestational length (p=0.03). In subgroup analyses, we found that among these with high EOD scores, women who were from households concentrated in the more privileged group had significantly longer gestations (β = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.24, 1.90). Women who reported higher EOD scores and more economic privilege had longer gestations, demonstrating the moderating effect of ICE as a measure of structural racism. In conclusion, ICE may represent a modifiable factor in the prevention of adverse birth outcomes in nulliparas.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.21203/rs.3.rs-3898223/v1
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Article ; Online: Emergence and clonal expansion of a qacA-harbouring sequence type 45 lineage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Nong, Yi / Steinig, Eike / Pollock, Georgina L / Taiaroa, George / Carter, Glen P / Monk, Ian R / Pang, Stanley / Daley, Denise A / Coombs, Geoffrey W / Forde, Brian M / Harris, Patrick N A / Sherry, Norelle L / Howden, Benjamin P / Pasricha, Shivani / Baines, Sarah L / Williamson, Deborah A

Communications biology

2024 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 349

Abstract: The past decade has seen an increase in the prevalence of sequence type (ST) 45 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), yet the underlying drivers for its emergence and spread remain unclear. To better understand the worldwide dissemination ... ...

Abstract	The past decade has seen an increase in the prevalence of sequence type (ST) 45 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), yet the underlying drivers for its emergence and spread remain unclear. To better understand the worldwide dissemination of ST45 S. aureus, we performed phylogenetic analyses of Australian isolates, supplemented with a global population of ST45 S. aureus genomes. Our analyses revealed a distinct lineage of multidrug-resistant ST45 MRSA harbouring qacA, predominantly found in Australia and Singapore. Bayesian inference predicted that the acquisition of qacA occurred in the late 1990s. qacA was integrated into a structurally variable region of the chromosome containing Tn552 (carrying blaZ) and Tn4001 (carrying aac(6')-aph(2")) transposable elements. Using mutagenesis and in vitro assays, we provide phenotypic evidence that qacA confers tolerance to chlorhexidine. These findings collectively suggest both antimicrobial resistance and the carriage of qacA may play a role in the successful establishment of ST45 MRSA.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/genetics ; Staphylococcus aureus/genetics ; Bayes Theorem ; Phylogeny ; Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Australia
Chemical Substances	Membrane Transport Proteins ; Bacterial Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2399-3642
ISSN (online)	2399-3642
DOI	10.1038/s42003-024-06012-z
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Article ; Online: Environmental evidence in action: on the science and practice of evidence synthesis and evidence-based decision-making.

Cooke, Steven J / Cook, Carly N / Nguyen, Vivian M / Walsh, Jessica C / Young, Nathan / Cvitanovic, Christopher / Grainger, Matthew J / Randall, Nicola P / Muir, Matt / Kadykalo, Andrew N / Monk, Kathryn A / Pullin, Andrew S

Environmental evidence

2023 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 10

Abstract: In civil society we expect that policy and management decisions will be made using the best available evidence. Yet, it is widely known that there are many barriers that limit the extent to which that occurs. One way to overcome these barriers is via ... ...

Abstract	In civil society we expect that policy and management decisions will be made using the best available evidence. Yet, it is widely known that there are many barriers that limit the extent to which that occurs. One way to overcome these barriers is via robust, comprehensive, transparent and repeatable evidence syntheses (such as systematic reviews) that attempt to minimize various forms of bias to present a summary of existing knowledge for decision-making purposes. Relative to other disciplines (e.g., health care, education), such evidence-based decision-making remains relatively nascent for environment management despite major threats to humanity, such as the climate, pollution and biodiversity crises demonstrating that human well-being is inextricably linked to the biophysical environment. Fortunately, there are a growing number of environmental evidence syntheses being produced that can be used by decision makers. It is therefore an opportune time to reflect on the science and practice of evidence-based decision-making in environment management to understand the extent to which evidence syntheses are embraced and applied in practice. Here we outline a number of key questions related to the use of environmental evidence that need to be explored in an effort to enhance evidence-based decision-making. There is an urgent need for research involving methods from social science, behavioural sciences, and public policy to understand the basis for patterns and trends in environmental evidence use (or misuse or ignorance). There is also a need for those who commission and produce evidence syntheses, as well as the end users of these syntheses to reflect on their experiences and share them with the broader evidence-based practice community to identify needs and opportunities for advancing the entire process of evidence-based practice. It is our hope that the ideas shared here will serve as a roadmap for additional scholarship that will collectively enhance evidence-based decision-making and ultimately benefit the environment and humanity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662506-4
ISSN	2047-2382 ; 2047-2382
ISSN (online)	2047-2382
ISSN	2047-2382
DOI	10.1186/s13750-023-00302-5
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Article ; Online: Repeatability of an attention bias test for sheep suggests variable influence of state and trait affect on behaviour

Jessica E. Monk / Ian G. Colditz / Sam Clark / Caroline Lee

PeerJ, Vol 11, p e

2023 Volume 14730

Abstract: ... in the attention bias test three times (n = 81 sheep), with testing occurring at intervals of 1 year then 2 weeks ... not differ significantly between trials (P = 0.2) and mean vigilance behaviour tended to decrease over ... the trials (P = 0.07). Mean duration of attention to the dog wall significantly decreased across the trials ...

Abstract	Understanding the effects of repeated testing on behaviour is essential for behavioural tests that are re-applied to the same individuals for research and welfare assessment purposes. Assessing the repeatability of behaviour can also help us understand the influence of persistent traits vs transient states on animal responses during testing. This study examined the repeatability of behavioural responses in an attention bias test developed for sheep as a measure of affective state. Sheep were assessed in the attention bias test three times (n = 81 sheep), with testing occurring at intervals of 1 year then 2 weeks. During testing, individual sheep were exposed to a dog located behind a window for 3 s in a 4 × 4 m arena, then the dog was obscured from view, removed and sheep behaviours were recorded for 180 s. We hypothesised that behaviours in the test would have moderate-high repeatability but that the mean behavioural responses would change over consecutive trials as sheep habituated to the test environment. To estimate repeatability, data were modelled using restricted maximum likelihood linear mixed-effects models, fitting animal ID as a random effect. Vigilance behaviour, defined as having the head at or above shoulder height, was moderately repeatable (r = 0.58). Latency to eat (r = 0.20) and duration spent looking towards the previous location of the dog (attention to the dog wall) (r = 0.08) had low repeatability. Mean latency to eat did not differ significantly between trials (P = 0.2) and mean vigilance behaviour tended to decrease over the trials (P = 0.07). Mean duration of attention to the dog wall significantly decreased across the trials (P < 0.001), while mean zones crossed increased (P < 0.001), as did behaviours directed towards the exit door such as duration in proximity and pawing at the door. Overall, vigilance behaviour was moderately repeatable, suggesting it may have been driven by temperament or personality traits, while attention and feeding behaviours may have been more influenced ...
Keywords	Cognitive bias ; Vigilance ; Animal welfare ; Threat perception ; Personality ; Temperament ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	PeerJ Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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