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Article ; Online: Scaling laws of plume-induced granular cratering.

Gorman, Matthew T / Rubio, Juan Sebastian / Diaz-Lopez, Miguel X / Chambers, Wesley A / Korzun, Ashley M / Rabinovitch, Jason / Ni, Rui

PNAS nexus

2023 Volume 2, Issue 9, Page(s) pgad300

Abstract: Extraterrestrial landing often requires firing a high-speed plume towards a planetary surface, and the resulting gas-granular interactions pose potential hazards to the lander. To investigate these jet-induced cratering dynamics, an experiment campaign ... ...

Abstract	Extraterrestrial landing often requires firing a high-speed plume towards a planetary surface, and the resulting gas-granular interactions pose potential hazards to the lander. To investigate these jet-induced cratering dynamics, an experiment campaign covering a range of gas and granular properties relevant to the lunar and Martian environments was conducted in a large-scale vacuum chamber. Despite the variations in jet Mach number, mass flow rate, and composition of the granular phase investigated in this work, the observed time evolution of crater depth displays a consistent transition from an early-stage linear to a late-stage sublinear growth. To explain these scaling relations, a model that relates the kinetic energy gained by the particles per unit time to the power of the impinging jet is introduced. From this model, erosion rates and the critical depth at which the transition occurs can be extracted, and they are shown to depend on the gas impingement pressure, which was varied by changing ambient pressure, jet Mach number, mass flow rate, and nozzle height above the surface. These results highlight key mechanisms at work in the dynamics of plume-induced cratering and help to develop an understanding of optimal rocket engine firing times for future landings.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2752-6542
ISSN (online)	2752-6542
DOI	10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad300
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Article ; Online: Implementation of robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy at a community tertiary care hospital utilizing a comprehensive curriculum.

Heckman, Jason T / Martinez, Ashley E / Keim, Rebecca L / Mazzaferro, Sarah E / Mir, Kristin S / Gorman, Michael A / Shah, Ujas S

American journal of surgery

2023 Volume 228, Page(s) 83–87

Abstract: Background: We evaluated the outcomes of a robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD) program implemented at a community tertiary care hospital.: Methods: A retrospective review of 65 RPD cases compared surgical outcomes and performance to benchmark data.! ...

Abstract	Background: We evaluated the outcomes of a robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD) program implemented at a community tertiary care hospital. Methods: A retrospective review of 65 RPD cases compared surgical outcomes and performance to benchmark data. Results: Postoperative complications occurred in 31% (20) of patients vs. ≤73% (variance -42), with grade IV complications in 3% (2) vs. ≤5% (variance -2). Postoperative pancreatic fistula type B frequency was 12% (8) vs. ≤15% (variance -3). One 90-day mortality occurred (1.5% vs. 1.6%). Failure to rescue rate was 7% vs. ≤9% (variance -2), and R1 resection rate was 2% vs. ≤39% (variance -37). There was a downward trend of operative time (rho = -0.600, P < 0.001), with a learning curve of 27 cases. Median hospital length of stay was 6 days vs. ≤15 days (variance -9). Conclusion: Our comprehensive RPD training program resulted in improved operative performance and outcomes commensurate with benchmark thresholds.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy/methods ; Robotic Surgical Procedures/education ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Robotics ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology ; Postoperative Complications/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Curriculum ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/surgery ; Laparoscopy/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2953-1
ISSN	1879-1883 ; 0002-9610
ISSN (online)	1879-1883
ISSN	0002-9610
DOI	10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.08.013
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Article: Genomic conservation and putative downstream functionality of the phosphatidylinositol signalling pathway in the cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis.

Ashley, Immy A / Kitchen, Sheila A / Gorman, Lucy M / Grossman, Arthur R / Oakley, Clinton A / Suggett, David J / Weis, Virginia M / Rosset, Sabrina L / Davy, Simon K

Frontiers in microbiology

2023 Volume 13, Page(s) 1094255

Abstract: The mutualistic cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis underpins the evolutionary success of stony corals and the persistence of coral reefs. However, a molecular understanding of the signalling events that lead to the successful establishment and ... ...

Abstract	The mutualistic cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis underpins the evolutionary success of stony corals and the persistence of coral reefs. However, a molecular understanding of the signalling events that lead to the successful establishment and maintenance of this symbiosis remains unresolved. For example, the phosphatidylinositol (PI) signalling pathway has been implicated during the establishment of multiple mutualistic and parasitic interactions across the kingdoms of life, yet its role within the cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis remains unexplored. Here, we aimed to confirm the presence and assess the specific enzymatic composition of the PI signalling pathway across cnidaria and dinoflagellates by compiling 21 symbiotic anthozoan (corals and sea anemones) and 28 symbiotic dinoflagellate (Symbiodiniaceae) transcriptomic and genomic datasets and querying genes related to this pathway. Presence or absence of PI-kinase and PI-phosphatase orthologs were also compared between a broad sampling of taxonomically related symbiotic and non-symbiotic species. Across the symbiotic anthozoans analysed, there was a complete and highly conserved PI pathway, analogous to the pathway found in model eukaryotes. The Symbiodiniaceae pathway showed similarities to its sister taxon, the Apicomplexa, with the absence of PI 4-phosphatases. However, conversely to Apicomplexa, there was also an expansion of homologs present in the PI5-phosphatase and PI5-kinase groups, with unique Symbiodiniaceae proteins identified that are unknown from non-symbiotic unicellular organisms. Additionally, we aimed to unravel the putative functionalities of the PI signalling pathway in this symbiosis by analysing phosphoinositide (PIP)-binding proteins. Analysis of phosphoinositide (PIP)-binding proteins showed that, on average, 2.23 and 1.29% of the total assemblies of anthozoan and Symbiodiniaceae, respectively, have the potential to bind to PIPs. Enrichment of Gene Ontology (GO) terms associated with predicted PIP-binding proteins within each taxon revealed a broad range of functions, including compelling links to processes putatively involved in symbiosis regulation. This analysis establishes a baseline for current understanding of the PI pathway across anthozoans and Symbiodiniaceae, and thus a framework to target future research.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2022.1094255
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Article ; Online: Investigation of an mpox outbreak affecting many vaccinated persons in Chicago, IL-March 2023-June 2023.

Faherty, Emily A G / Holly, Taylor / Ogale, Yasmin P / Spencer, Hillary / Becht, Ashley M / Crisler, Gordon / Wasz, Michael / Stonehouse, Patrick / Barbian, Hannah J / Zelinski, Christy / Kittner, Alyse / Foulkes, Dorothy / Anderson, Kendall W / Evans, Tiffany / Nicolae, Lavinia / Staton, Amber / Hardnett, Carla / Townsend, Michael B / Carson, William C /

Panayampalli, S Satheshkumar / Hutson, Christina L / Gigante, Crystal M / Quilter, Laura A S / Gorman, Susan / Borah, Brian / Black, Stephanie R / Pacilli, Massimo / Kern, David / Kerins, Janna / McCollum, Andrea M / Rao, Agam K / Tabidze, Irina

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2024

Abstract: Background: After months of few mpox cases, an increased number of cases were reported in Chicago during May 2023; predominantly among fully vaccinated patients. We investigated the outbreak scope, differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated ... ...

Abstract	Background: After months of few mpox cases, an increased number of cases were reported in Chicago during May 2023; predominantly among fully vaccinated patients. We investigated the outbreak scope, differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients, and hypotheses for monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection after vaccination. Methods: We interviewed patients and reviewed medical records to assess demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics, mpox vaccine status, and vaccine administration routes. We evaluated serum antibody levels after infection and compared patient viral genomes with MPXV sequences in available databases. We discussed potential vaccine compromise with partners who manufactured, handled, and administered vaccine associated with breakthrough infections. Results: During March 18-June 27, 2023, we identified 49 mpox cases; 57% of these mpox patients were fully vaccinated (FV). FV patients received both JYNNEOS doses subcutaneously (57%), intradermally (7%), or via heterologous administration (36%). FV patients had more median sex partners (3, IQR=1-4) versus not fully vaccinated (NFV) patients (1, IQR=1-2). Thirty-six of 37 sequenced specimens belonged to lineage B.1.20 of clade IIb MPXV, which did not demonstrate any amino acid changes relative to B.1, the predominant lineage from May 2022. Vaccinated patients demonstrated expected humoral antibody responses; none were hospitalized. No vaccine storage excursions were identified. Approximately 63% of people at risk for mpox in Chicago were FV during this period. Conclusions: Our investigation indicated cases were likely due to frequent behaviors associated with mpox transmission, even with relatively high vaccine effectiveness and vaccine coverage. Cases after vaccination might occur in similar populations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/ciae181
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Article: An external pilot cluster randomised controlled trial of a theory-based intervention to improve appropriate polypharmacy in older people in primary care (PolyPrime).

Rankin, Audrey / Gorman, Ashleigh / Cole, Judith / Cadogan, Cathal A / Barry, Heather E / Agus, Ashley / Logan, Danielle / McDowell, Cliona / Molloy, Gerard J / Ryan, Cristín / Leathem, Claire / Maxwell, Marina / Brennan, Connie / Gormley, Gerard J / Ferrett, Alan / McCarthy, Pat / Fahey, Tom / Hughes, Carmel M

Pilot and feasibility studies

2022 Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 203

Abstract: Background: For older populations with multimorbidity, polypharmacy (use of multiple medications) is a standard practice. PolyPrime is a theory-based intervention developed to improve appropriate polypharmacy in older people in primary care. This pilot ... ...

Abstract	Background: For older populations with multimorbidity, polypharmacy (use of multiple medications) is a standard practice. PolyPrime is a theory-based intervention developed to improve appropriate polypharmacy in older people in primary care. This pilot study aims to assess the feasibility of the PolyPrime intervention in primary care in Northern Ireland (NI) and the Republic of Ireland (ROI). Methods: This external pilot cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) aimed to recruit 12 general practitioner (GP) practices (six in NI; six in the ROI counties that border NI) and ten older patients receiving polypharmacy (≥ 4 medications) per GP practice (n = 120). Practices allocated to the intervention arm watched an online video and scheduled medication reviews with patients on two occasions. We assessed the feasibility of collecting GP record (medication appropriateness, health service use) and patient self-reported data [health-related quality of life (HRQoL), health service use)] at baseline, 6 and 9 months. HRQoL was measured using the EuroQol-5 dimension-5 level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) and medication-related burden quality-of-life (MRB-QoL) tool. An embedded process evaluation and health economics analysis were also undertaken. Pre-specified progression criteria were used to determine whether to proceed to a definitive cRCT. Results: Twelve GP practices were recruited and randomised. Three GP practices withdrew from the study due to COVID-related factors. Sixty-eight patients were recruited, with 47 (69.1%) being retained until the end of the study. GP record data were available for 47 patients for medication appropriateness analysis at 9 months. EQ-5D-5L and MRB-QoL data were available for 46 and 41 patients, respectively, at 9 months. GP record and patient self-reported health service use data were available for 47 patients at 9 months. Health service use was comparable in terms of overall cost estimated from GP record versus patient self-reported data. The intervention was successfully delivered as intended; it was acceptable to GPs, practice staff, and patients; and potential mechanisms of action have been identified. All five progression criteria were met (two 'Go', three 'Amend'). Conclusion: Despite challenges faced during the COVID-19 pandemic, this study has demonstrated that it may be feasible to conduct an intervention to improve appropriate polypharmacy in older people in primary care across two healthcare jurisdictions. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN41009897 . Registered 19 November 2019. Clinicaltrials: gov, NCT04181879 . Registered 02 December 2019.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2809935-7
ISSN	2055-5784
ISSN	2055-5784
DOI	10.1186/s40814-022-01161-6
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Article: An external pilot cluster randomised controlled trial of a theory-based intervention to improve appropriate polypharmacy in older people in primary care (PolyPrime): study protocol.

Rankin, Audrey / Cadogan, Cathal A / Barry, Heather E / Gardner, Evie / Agus, Ashley / Molloy, Gerard J / Gorman, Ashleigh / Ryan, Cristín / Leathem, Claire / Maxwell, Marina / Gormley, Gerard J / Ferrett, Alan / McCarthy, Pat / Fahey, Tom / Hughes, Carmel M

Pilot and feasibility studies

2021 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 77

Abstract: Background: The use of multiple medications (polypharmacy) is a concern in older people (≥65 years) and is associated with negative health outcomes. For older populations with multimorbidity, polypharmacy is the reality and the key challenge is ensuring ...

Abstract	Background: The use of multiple medications (polypharmacy) is a concern in older people (≥65 years) and is associated with negative health outcomes. For older populations with multimorbidity, polypharmacy is the reality and the key challenge is ensuring appropriate polypharmacy (as opposed to inappropriate polypharmacy). This external pilot cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) aims to further test a theory-based intervention to improve appropriate polypharmacy in older people in primary care in two jurisdictions, Northern Ireland (NI) and the Republic of Ireland (ROI). Methods: Twelve GP practices across NI (n=6) and the six counties in the ROI that border NI will be randomised to either the intervention or usual care group. Members of the research team have developed an intervention to improve appropriate polypharmacy in older people in primary care using the Theoretical Domains Framework of behaviour change. The intervention consists of two components: (1) an online video which demonstrates how a GP may prescribe appropriate polypharmacy during a consultation with an older patient and (2) a patient recall process, whereby patients are invited to scheduled medication review consultations with GPs. Ten older patients receiving polypharmacy (≥4 medications) will be recruited per GP practice (n=120). GP practices allocated to the intervention arm will be asked to watch the online video and schedule medication reviews with patients on two occasions; an initial and a 6-month follow-up appointment. GP practices allocated to the control arm will continue to provide usual care to patients. The study will assess the feasibility of recruitment, retention and study procedures including collecting data on medication appropriateness (from GP records), quality of life and health service use (i.e. hospitalisations). An embedded process evaluation will assess intervention fidelity (i.e. was the intervention delivered as intended), acceptability of the intervention and potential mechanisms of action. Discussion: This pilot cRCT will provide evidence of the feasibility of a range of study parameters such as recruitment and retention, data collection procedures and the acceptability of the intervention. Pre-specified progression criteria will also be used to determine whether or not to proceed to a definitive cRCT. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN41009897 . Registered 19 November 2019. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04181879 . Registered 02 December 2019.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2809935-7
ISSN	2055-5784
ISSN	2055-5784
DOI	10.1186/s40814-021-00822-2
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Article ; Online: The Future of General Surgery: Evolving to Meet a Changing Practice.

Webber, Eric M / Ronson, Ashley R / Gorman, Lisa J / Taber, Sarah A / Harris, Kenneth A

Journal of surgical education

2016 Volume 73, Issue 3, Page(s) 496–503

Abstract: Purpose: Similar to other countries, the practice of General Surgery in Canada has undergone significant evolution over the past 30 years without major changes to the training model. There is growing concern that current General Surgery residency ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Similar to other countries, the practice of General Surgery in Canada has undergone significant evolution over the past 30 years without major changes to the training model. There is growing concern that current General Surgery residency training does not provide the skills required to practice the breadth of General Surgery in all Canadian communities and practice settings. Procedure: Led by a national Task Force on the Future of General Surgery, this project aimed to develop recommendations on the optimal configuration of General Surgery training in Canada. A series of 4 evidence-based sub-studies and a national survey were launched to inform these recommendations. Main findings: Generalized findings from the multiple methods of the project speak to the complexity of the current practice of General Surgery: (1) General surgeons have very different practice patterns depending on the location of practice; (2) General Surgery training offers strong preparation for overall clinical competence; (3) Subspecialized training is a new reality for today's general surgeons; and (4) Generation of the report and recommendations for the future of General Surgery. A total of 4 key recommendations were developed to optimize General Surgery for the 21st century. Conclusions: This project demonstrated that a high variability of practice dependent on location contrasts with the principles of implementing the same objectives of training for all General Surgery graduates. The overall results of the project have prompted the Royal College to review the training requirements and consider a more "fit for purpose" training scheme, thus ensuring that General Surgery residency training programs would optimally prepare residents for a broad range of practice settings and locations across Canada.
MeSH term(s)	Canada ; Career Choice ; Clinical Competence ; Education, Medical, Graduate/trends ; Forecasting ; General Surgery/education ; General Surgery/trends ; Humans ; Internship and Residency ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data ; Professional Practice Location ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2277538-9
ISSN	1878-7452 ; 1931-7204
ISSN (online)	1878-7452
ISSN	1931-7204
DOI	10.1016/j.jsurg.2015.12.002
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Article ; Online: Suppression of Colon Tumorigenesis in Mutant

Lee, Kevin J / Chang, Wen-Chi L / Chen, Xi / Valiyaveettil, Jacob / Ramirez-Alcantara, Veronica / Gavin, Elaine / Musiyenko, Alla / Madeira da Silva, Luciana / Annamdevula, Naga S / Leavesley, Silas J / Ward, Antonio / Mattox, Tyler / Lindsey, Ashley S / Andrews, Joel / Zhu, Bing / Wood, Charles / Neese, Ashleigh / Nguyen, Ashley / Berry, Kristy /

Maxuitenko, Yulia / Moyer, Mary Pat / Nurmemmedov, Elmar / Gorman, Greg / Coward, Lori / Zhou, Gang / Keeton, Adam B / Cooper, Harry S / Clapper, Margie L / Piazza, Gary A

Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)

2021 Volume 14, Issue 11, Page(s) 995–1008

Abstract: Previous studies have reported that phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10) is overexpressed in colon epithelium during early stages of colon tumorigenesis and essential for colon cancer cell growth. Here we describe a novel non-COX inhibitory derivative of the ... ...

Abstract	Previous studies have reported that phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10) is overexpressed in colon epithelium during early stages of colon tumorigenesis and essential for colon cancer cell growth. Here we describe a novel non-COX inhibitory derivative of the anti-inflammatory drug, sulindac, with selective PDE10 inhibitory activity, ADT 061. ADT 061 potently inhibited the growth of colon cancer cells expressing high levels of PDE10, but not normal colonocytes that do not express PDE10. The concentration range by which ADT 061 inhibited colon cancer cell growth was identical to concentrations that inhibit recombinant PDE10. ADT 061 inhibited PDE10 by a competitive mechanism and did not affect the activity of other PDE isozymes at concentrations that inhibit colon cancer cell growth. Treatment of colon cancer cells with ADT 061 activated cGMP/PKG signaling, induced phosphorylation of oncogenic β-catenin, inhibited Wnt-induced nuclear translocation of β-catenin, and suppressed TCF/LEF transcription at concentrations that inhibit cancer cell growth. Oral administration of ADT 061 resulted in high concentrations in the colon mucosa and significantly suppressed the formation of colon adenomas in the
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Carcinogenesis ; Colon/pathology ; Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Colonic Neoplasms/genetics ; Colonic Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Mice ; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Sulindac/pharmacology ; beta Catenin
Chemical Substances	Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors ; beta Catenin ; Sulindac (184SNS8VUH)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2434717-6
ISSN	1940-6215 ; 1940-6207
ISSN (online)	1940-6215
ISSN	1940-6207
DOI	10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-21-0208
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Article ; Online: Clinical Significance of Isolated Myeloperoxidase Expression in Pediatric B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Oberley, Matthew J / Li, Sisi / Orgel, Etan / Phei Wee, Choo / Hagiya, Ashley / O'Gorman, Maurice R G

American journal of clinical pathology

2017 Volume 147, Issue 4, Page(s) 374–381

Abstract: Objectives: Diagnosis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) requires immunophenotypic evidence of B-lineage and absence of specific myeloid or T-lineage markers. Rare cases of otherwise typical B-ALL express myeloperoxidase (MPO) detectable by ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Diagnosis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) requires immunophenotypic evidence of B-lineage and absence of specific myeloid or T-lineage markers. Rare cases of otherwise typical B-ALL express myeloperoxidase (MPO) detectable by flow cytometry with an absence of other myeloid markers, but the clinical significance of this finding is not well studied. Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of flow cytometry and clinical data was performed to investigate the clinical outcome of this specific group of patients. Results: Twenty-nine cases of otherwise typical B-ALL that expressed MPO by flow cytometry (B-ALL-isoMPO) without expression of other myeloid markers were identified. The B-ALL-isoMPO group had a significantly increased incidence of relapse (univariate log rank P = .0083; multivariate hazard ratio, 2.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-5.85; P = .034) and significantly worse event-free survival by univariate analysis (log rank P = .0066) compared with a reference group of patients with B-ALL from the same time period (n = 264). Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first report to document the clinical outcomes in a group of pediatric patients with B-ALL that expresses MPO in the absence of other myeloid markers. This group had an increased rate of relapse and a worse event-free survival than the patients with B-ALL who did not express MPO.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Infant ; Isoenzymes/metabolism ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Leukemia, B-Cell/diagnosis ; Leukemia, B-Cell/metabolism ; Male ; Peroxidase/metabolism ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Isoenzymes ; Peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017--01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2944-0
ISSN	1943-7722 ; 0002-9173
ISSN (online)	1943-7722
ISSN	0002-9173
DOI	10.1093/ajcp/aqx021
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Article ; Online: Military experiences, connection to military identity, and time since military discharge as predictors of United States veteran suicide risk.

Edwards, Emily / Osterberg, Terra / Coolidge, Brettland / Greene, Ashley L / Epshteyn, Gabriella / Gorman, Daniel / Ruiz, Danny / El-Meouchy, Paul

Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association

2023 , Page(s) 1–14

Abstract: Veterans navigating the military-to-civilian transition appear at elevated risk for suicide. However, research on the transition-suicide association often fails to consider co-occurring risk factors. The independent association of time since military ... ...

Abstract	Veterans navigating the military-to-civilian transition appear at elevated risk for suicide. However, research on the transition-suicide association often fails to consider co-occurring risk factors. The independent association of time since military discharge and suicide among veterans therefore remains unclear. Data from 1,495 post-Vietnam community veterans provided estimates of suicide risk, military-based stressful experiences, connection to military identity, and recency of military discharge. Hierarchical regression analyses examined independent, incremental utility of factors associated with suicide risk after controlling for quality of life, age, and duration of military service among the total veteran sample and a subsample discharged from military service within five years prior. The resulting model explained 41% of variance in suicide risk in the total veteran sample and 51% of variance in suicide risk in the recently discharged subsample. Recency of discharge, combat exposure, moral injury, poor quality of life, and poor psychological wellness showed statistically significant, independent associations with suicide risk, whereas connection to military identity did not show significant, independent associations. Results highlight the salience of the military-to-civilian transition as an independent risk factor for veteran suicide even after controlling for military-based stressful experiences, military identity, quality of life, age, and service duration.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2021130-2
ISSN	1532-7876 ; 0899-5605
ISSN (online)	1532-7876
ISSN	0899-5605
DOI	10.1080/08995605.2023.2209006
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