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Article ; Online: Author Correction: Increased insect herbivore performance under elevated CO

Johnson, Scott N / Waterman, Jamie M / Hall, Casey R

2020 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 21783

Abstract: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...

Abstract	An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-020-78543-4
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Particulated Juvenile Articular Cartilage Allograft for Treatment of Chondral Defects of the Knee: Short-Term Survivorship with Functional Outcomes.

Waterman, Brian R / Waterman, Scott M / McCriskin, Brendan / Beck, Edward C / Graves, Richard M

Journal of surgical orthopaedic advances

2021 Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 10–13

Abstract: While basic science research confirms the robust biological profile of juvenile chondrocytes, the clinical outcomes after particulated juvenile cartilage allograft transplantation are not well established. A retrospective analysis of active duty ... ...

Abstract	While basic science research confirms the robust biological profile of juvenile chondrocytes, the clinical outcomes after particulated juvenile cartilage allograft transplantation are not well established. A retrospective analysis of active duty servicemembers undergoing surgical treatment with particulated juvenile articular cartilage allograft transplantation for chondral defects of the knee from two military treatment facilities was completed. Demographic variables, operative details, activity limitations, and medical discharges were obtained. A total of 29 patients with 36 treated chondral defects were isolated at an average follow-up of 16.2 months. The cohort was comprised of male service members in the Army with mean age of 33.1 years. Location of chondral lesion included the patellofemoral articulation (patella 39%, trochlea 31%, bipolar lesions 8%) and condyles (31%). Offloading or realignment osteotomy procedures were performed in 7 patients (23%). Of all patients, 14 servicemembers (48%) underwent knee-related medical discharge, and one patient underwent conversion to total knee arthroplasty. In this small patient cohort, particulated juvenile cartilage allograft transplantation for chondral defects of the knee did not reliably restore military servicemembers to full military function. At least one in two patients had persisting knee pain after chondral restoration procedure. (Journal of Surgical Orthopaedic Advances 30(1):010-013, 2021).
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Allografts ; Cartilage, Articular/surgery ; Humans ; Knee Joint/surgery ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Survivorship
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2189157-6
ISSN	2158-3811 ; 1548-825X ; 1059-1052
ISSN (online)	2158-3811
ISSN	1548-825X ; 1059-1052
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Article ; Online: Increased insect herbivore performance under elevated CO

Johnson, Scott N / Waterman, Jamie M / Hall, Casey R

Scientific reports

2020 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 14553

Abstract: Changes in insect herbivore performance under elevated atmosphere carbon dioxide concentrations e[ ... ...

Abstract	Changes in insect herbivore performance under elevated atmosphere carbon dioxide concentrations e[CO
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Carbon Dioxide ; Ecology ; Herbivory/physiology ; Insecta/physiology ; Medicago sativa/parasitology ; Moths/physiology ; Signal Transduction/physiology
Chemical Substances	Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-020-70823-3
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Silicon Alters Leaf Surface Morphology and Suppresses Insect Herbivory in a Model Grass Species.

Hall, Casey R / Dagg, Vaibhav / Waterman, Jamie M / Johnson, Scott N

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

2020 Volume 9, Issue 5

Abstract: Grasses accumulate large amounts of silicon (Si) which is deposited in trichomes, specialised silica cells and cell walls. This may increase leaf toughness and reduce cell rupture, palatability and digestion. Few studies have measured leaf mechanical ... ...

Abstract	Grasses accumulate large amounts of silicon (Si) which is deposited in trichomes, specialised silica cells and cell walls. This may increase leaf toughness and reduce cell rupture, palatability and digestion. Few studies have measured leaf mechanical traits in response to Si, thus the effect of Si on herbivores can be difficult to disentangle from Si-induced changes in leaf surface morphology. We assessed the effects of Si on
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704341-1
ISSN	2223-7747
ISSN	2223-7747
DOI	10.3390/plants9050643
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Article ; Online: Author Correction

Scott N. Johnson / Jamie M. Waterman / Casey R. Hall

Scientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

Increased insect herbivore performance under elevated CO2 is associated with lower plant defence signalling and minimal declines in nutritional quality

2020 Volume 2

Abstract: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...

Abstract	An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Increased insect herbivore performance under elevated CO2 is associated with lower plant defence signalling and minimal declines in nutritional quality

Scott N. Johnson / Jamie M. Waterman / Casey R. Hall

Scientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2020 Volume 8

Abstract: Abstract Changes in insect herbivore performance under elevated atmosphere carbon dioxide concentrations e[CO2] are often driven by changes in the nutritional and defensive chemistry of their host plants. Studies addressing how the prolific pest cotton ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Changes in insect herbivore performance under elevated atmosphere carbon dioxide concentrations e[CO2] are often driven by changes in the nutritional and defensive chemistry of their host plants. Studies addressing how the prolific pest cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) responds to e[CO2] show that performance usually declines, often associated with lower nutritional (e.g. nitrogen (N) concentrations) quality of host plants under e[CO2]. We investigated the impacts of e[CO2] on nutritional quality and anti-herbivore (jasmonate) defensive signalling in lucerne (Medicago sativa) when challenged by H. armigera. While foliar N decreased under e[CO2], other aspects of nutritional quality (soluble protein, amino acids, foliar C:N) were largely unaffected, potentially due to increased root nodulation under e[CO2]. In contrast, e[CO2] greatly reduced jasmonate signalling in M. sativa following H. armigera attack; jasmonic acid concentrations were ca. 56% lower in attacked plants grown under e[CO2]. Concurrent with this, relative growth rates of H. armigera were ca. 66% higher when feeding on e[CO2]-grown plants. In contrast with previous reports, which we meta-analytically summarise, we provide the first evidence that H. armigera performance can increase under e[CO2]. This may occur in plants, such as M. sativa, where e[CO2] has limited impacts on nutritional quality yet reduces jasmonate defence signalling.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Short‐term resistance that persists: Rapidly induced silicon anti‐herbivore defence affects carbon‐based plant defences

Waterman, Jamie M / Hall, Casey R / Mikhael, Meena / Cazzonelli, Christopher I / Hartley, Susan E / Johnson, Scott N

Functional ecology. 2021 Jan., v. 35, no. 1

2021

Abstract: Silicon (Si) is known to alleviate diverse biotic and abiotic stresses including insect herbivory. Si accumulation in plants, notably the Poaceae, can be induced through stimulation of the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway (associated with chewing herbivores). ... ...

Abstract	Silicon (Si) is known to alleviate diverse biotic and abiotic stresses including insect herbivory. Si accumulation in plants, notably the Poaceae, can be induced through stimulation of the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway (associated with chewing herbivores). Nevertheless, the temporal dynamics of Si accumulation as a defence response and its consequential effects on carbon‐based defences (e.g. phenolics), particularly in the short‐term, remain unclear. The model grass Brachypodium distachyon was grown in a hydroponic solution where half the plants were supplemented with 2 mM potassium silicate and half had no Si supplied. Plants were treated with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) as a form of standardised simulated herbivory. We measured Si accumulation, the phytohormones JA and salicylic acid (SA) and carbon‐based defences over 24 hr to determine the temporal dynamics of Si accumulation and the interplay between Si, simulated herbivory and plant defence machinery. MeJA‐induced Si accumulation occurred as early as 6 hr after treatment via increased JA concentrations. Si supplementation decreased SA concentrations, which could have implications on additional downstream defences. We show a trade‐off between Si and phenolics in untreated plants, but this relationship was weakened upon MeJA treatment. Further, this trade‐off did not apply to the phenolic precursor compound, phenylalanine. We provide evidence for rapidly induced Si accumulation associated with herbivory, and that increased Si accumulation impacts on phytohormones and carbon‐based defences over a 24‐hr period. Additionally, herbivory modifies the relationship between Si‐ and carbon‐based defences. Thus, in addition to its well‐documented role as a long‐term defence against herbivores, we demonstrate that, over short‐term temporal scales, Si accumulation responds to herbivore signals and impacts on plant defence machinery. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Keywords	Brachypodium distachyon ; abiotic stress ; grasses ; herbivores ; hydroponics ; information ; jasmonic acid ; mastication ; methyl jasmonate ; models ; phenylalanine ; plant hormones ; potassium silicates ; salicylic acid ; silicon ; temporal variation
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-01
Size	p. 82-92.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2020307-X
ISSN	1365-2435 ; 0269-8463
ISSN (online)	1365-2435
ISSN	0269-8463
DOI	10.1111/1365-2435.13702
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Benefits of silicon-enhanced root nodulation in a model legume are contingent upon rhizobial efficacy

Putra, Rocky / Waterman, Jamie M. / Mathesius, Ulrike / Wojtalewicz, Dominika / Powell, Jeff R. / Hartley, Susan E. / Johnson, Scott N.

Plant and soil. 2022 Aug., v. 477, no. 1-2

2022

Abstract: AIMS: Silicon (Si) uptake and accumulation improves plant resilience to environmental stresses, but most studies examining this functional role of Si have focussed on grasses (Poaceae) and neglected other important plant groups, such as legumes (Fabaceae) ...

Abstract	AIMS: Silicon (Si) uptake and accumulation improves plant resilience to environmental stresses, but most studies examining this functional role of Si have focussed on grasses (Poaceae) and neglected other important plant groups, such as legumes (Fabaceae). Legumes have evolved a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria (rhizobia) housed in root nodules. Our study determined the impacts of silicon (Si) supplementation on Medicago truncatula inoculated with Ensifer meliloti rhizobial strains that differed in their capacity for nitrogen fixation: Sm1021 (‘low-efficiency’) or Sm1022 (‘high-efficiency’). METHODS: We examined how Si and rhizobial efficacy influence nodule and plant functional traits, including their chemical aspects. These combinations were supplied with or without Si in a glasshouse experiment, where we quantified nodule flavonoids and foliar chemistry (free amino acids, soluble protein, elemental C, N and Si). RESULTS: Si supply increased nodule number per plant, specific nodule flavonoid concentrations, contents of foliar nitrogenous compounds and foliar C, but not foliar Si. We also demonstrated that rhizobial efficacy altered the magnitude of Si effects on certain traits. For example, Si significantly promoted concentrations of foliar N and soluble protein in the plants associated with the ‘low-efficiency’ strain only, and this was not the case with the ‘high-efficiency’ one. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, our study indicates that Si generates positive effects on M. truncatula, particularly when the association with rhizobia is relatively inefficient, and may play a more prominent role in rhizobial functionality than previously thought.
Keywords	Ensifer meliloti ; Medicago truncatula ; Poaceae ; chemistry ; flavonoids ; greenhouse experimentation ; legumes ; nitrogen fixation ; nodulation ; silicon ; soil ; symbiosis
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-08
Size	p. 201-217.
Publishing place	Springer International Publishing
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	208908-7
ISSN	1573-5036 ; 0032-079X
ISSN (online)	1573-5036
ISSN	0032-079X
DOI	10.1007/s11104-022-05358-9
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Current Resident and Faculty Mentorship Satisfaction and Important Mentee Functions in Orthopedic Surgery: An American Orthopedic Association North American Traveling Fellowship Project.

Miller, Evan M / Goldstein, Christina L / Tintle, Scott / Ravi, Bheeshma / Hogan, MaCalus V / Waterman, Brian R

Journal of surgical education

2021 Volume 78, Issue 5, Page(s) 1735–1754

Abstract: Objective: While mentorship remains important in orthopedic training, few studies have delineated specific priorities for creating successful mentorship programs and reciprocal satisfaction among contemporary trainees and faculty. The purpose of this ... ...

Abstract	Objective: While mentorship remains important in orthopedic training, few studies have delineated specific priorities for creating successful mentorship programs and reciprocal satisfaction among contemporary trainees and faculty. The purpose of this study was to define beneficial mentor qualities along with specific mentee characteristics to facilitate improved mentoring relationships in orthopedic surgery. Design: This is a cross-sectional study with a 16 multi-item self-reported survey. Setting: This study was conducted at 11 tertiary orthopedic surgery training programs during the 2017 American Orthopaedic Association (AOA) North American Traveling Fellowship Tour. Participants: Eighty orthopedic resident trainees and 90 academic faculty members completed the survey. Results: Around 55.0% of residents and 48.9% of faculty acknowledged a formal mentorship program at their institution. Furthermore, 61.3% of residents and 61.1% of faculty reported having a current mentor. The top 3 qualities valued by residents were a mentor who modeled work-life balance, remained in touch with contemporary issues in training, and provided timely counseling. Faculty valued a mentor who accepted their goals and priorities, provided counseling, and enhanced exposure in their subspecialty. Surveyed faculty were more satisfied than their corresponding residents with how their mentor promoted them, enhanced their exposure, was a friend, and protected them from exploitative collaborations. Mentee participation was considered the most important variable for a successful mentor relationship, while mentee acknowledgement of their mentors was the least prioritized quality. Conclusions: Faculty had a higher overall satisfaction with their mentoring relationships in orthopedic surgery. Residents reported more favorable results when their mentor was a role model of work-life balance. For optimal success, mentors identified active participation and openness to feedback as the most important quality for a mentee to display. These qualities contribute to a heightened sense of satisfaction among mentors and mentees and can be utilized to further guide development of both formal and informal programs for residents and faculty.
MeSH term(s)	Cross-Sectional Studies ; Faculty ; Fellowships and Scholarships ; Humans ; Mentors ; North America ; Orthopedic Procedures ; Orthopedics ; Personal Satisfaction ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2277538-9
ISSN	1878-7452 ; 1931-7204
ISSN (online)	1878-7452
ISSN	1931-7204
DOI	10.1016/j.jsurg.2021.01.018
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Article: The Role of Silicon in Antiherbivore Phytohormonal Signalling.

Hall, Casey R / Waterman, Jamie M / Vandegeer, Rebecca K / Hartley, Susan E / Johnson, Scott N

Frontiers in plant science

2019 Volume 10, Page(s) 1132

Abstract: The role of plant silicon (Si) in the alleviation of abiotic and biotic stress is now widely recognised and researched. Amongst the biotic stresses, Si is known to increase resistance to herbivores through biomechanical and chemical mechanisms, although ... ...

Abstract	The role of plant silicon (Si) in the alleviation of abiotic and biotic stress is now widely recognised and researched. Amongst the biotic stresses, Si is known to increase resistance to herbivores through biomechanical and chemical mechanisms, although the latter are indirect and remain poorly characterised. Chemical defences are principally regulated by several antiherbivore phytohormones. The jasmonic acid (JA) signalling pathway is particularly important and has been linked to Si supplementation, albeit with some contradictory findings. In this Perspectives article, we summarise existing knowledge of how Si affects JA in the context of herbivory and present a conceptual model for the interactions between Si and JA signalling in wounded plants. Further, we use novel information from the model grass
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711035-7
ISSN	1664-462X
ISSN	1664-462X
DOI	10.3389/fpls.2019.01132
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