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Article ; Online: Affirmative Action Bans and Enrollment of Students From Underrepresented Racial and Ethnic Groups in U.S. Public Medical Schools.

Ly, Dan P / Jena, Anupam B

2022 Volume 175, Issue 11, Page(s) W146–W147

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States ; Schools, Medical ; Ethnicity ; Minority Groups/education ; Students ; Public Policy ; Students, Medical
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	336-0
ISSN	1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
ISSN (online)	1539-3704
ISSN	0003-4819
DOI	10.7326/L22-0297
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Article ; Online: Trends in Diversity and Representativeness of Health Care Workers in the United States, 2000 to 2019.

Ly, Dan P / Jena, Anupam B

JAMA network open

2021 Volume 4, Issue 7, Page(s) e2117086

MeSH term(s)	Censuses ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cultural Diversity ; Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Health Occupations/trends ; Health Personnel/trends ; Health Workforce/trends ; Humans ; Male ; Racial Groups/statistics & numerical data ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study
ISSN	2574-3805
ISSN (online)	2574-3805
DOI	10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.17086
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Article ; Online: Structure and stability of different triplets involving artificial nucleobases: clues for the formation of semisynthetic triple helical DNA.

Jena, N R / Shukla, P K

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 19246

Abstract: ... between eight artificial nucleobases (P, Z, J, V, B, S, X, and K) and four natural DNA bases (G, C, A, and ...

Abstract	A triple helical DNA can control gene expression, help in homologous recombination, induce mutations to facilitate DNA repair mechanisms, suppress oncogene formations, etc. However, the structure and function of semisynthetic triple helical DNA are not known. To understand this, various triplets formed between eight artificial nucleobases (P, Z, J, V, B, S, X, and K) and four natural DNA bases (G, C, A, and T) are studied herein by employing a reliable density functional theoretic (DFT) method. Initially, the triple helix-forming artificial nucleobases interacted with the duplex DNA containing GC and AT base pairs, and subsequently, triple helix-forming natural bases (G and C) interacted with artificial duplex DNA containing PZ, JV, BS, and XK base pairs. Among the different triplets formed in the first category, the C-JV triplet is found to be the most stable with a binding energy of about - 31 kcal/mol. Similarly, among the second category of triplets, the Z-GC and V-GC triplets are the most stable. Interestingly, Z-GC and V-GC are found to be isoenergetic with a binding energy of about - 30 kcal/mol. The C-JV, and Z-GC or V-GC triplets are about 12-14 kcal/mol more stable than the JV and GC base pairs respectively. Microsolvation of these triplets in 5 explicit water molecules further enhanced their stability by 16-21 kcal/mol. These results along with the consecutive stacking of the C-JV triplet (C-JV/C-JV) data indicate that the synthetic nucleobases can form stable semisynthetic triple helical DNA. However, consideration of a full-length DNA containing one or more semisynthetic bases or base pairs is necessary to understand the formation of semisynthetic DNA in living cells.
MeSH term(s)	Nucleic Acid Conformation ; DNA/genetics ; DNA/chemistry ; Base Pairing
Chemical Substances	DNA (9007-49-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-46572-4
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Article ; Online: Charge-ordering breakdown dynamics and ferromagnetic resonance studies of

Bordoloi, A / Jena, S K / Tiwari, P / Datta, A / Weise, B / Medwal, R / Rawat, R S / Thota, S

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal

2024 Volume 36, Issue 29

Abstract: Here, we report the influence of Jahn-Teller active Cu substitution on the charge-ordering (CO) characteristics of one of the well-known manganite ... ...

Abstract	Here, we report the influence of Jahn-Teller active Cu substitution on the charge-ordering (CO) characteristics of one of the well-known manganite Pr
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1472968-4
ISSN	1361-648X ; 0953-8984
ISSN (online)	1361-648X
ISSN	0953-8984
DOI	10.1088/1361-648X/ad3c04
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Article: A Case of Tropical Pulmonary Eosinophilia With Incomplete Response to Diethylcarbamazine Therapy.

Datta, Ananda / Chhotray, Pritam / Jena, Banani / Sivasankar, Raghavendrun

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) e34359

Abstract: Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE) is a specific pulmonary manifestation of lymphatic filariasis. There is overwhelming infiltration of eosinophils in the lung parenchyma in response to microfilaria. The characteristic features include paroxysmal ... ...

Abstract	Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE) is a specific pulmonary manifestation of lymphatic filariasis. There is overwhelming infiltration of eosinophils in the lung parenchyma in response to microfilaria. The characteristic features include paroxysmal respiratory symptoms, strikingly high blood eosinophil count, elevated level of immunoglobulin (Ig) E along with high titer of anti-filarial antibody. Treatment with diethylcarbamazine (DEC) has an excellent favorable response. However, recovery may often be incomplete. We present a case of a 36-year-old man with TPE who had complete symptomatic improvement after a three-week course of DEC, but only a partial response in radiological and pulmonary function abnormalities.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.34359
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Article ; Online: First record of geophagy in Jungle Babbler (Turdoides striata) prior to egg-laying: an instinct for calcium supplement.

Jena, Priyanka / Pattnayak, Sakti Prasad / Prusty, B Anjan Kumar

Animal cognition

2023 Volume 26, Issue 4, Page(s) 1449–1452

Abstract: Geophagy has been documented in different animal taxa including Aves and particularly in Passeriformes. However, no geophagic activity has been reported in the genus Turdoides of the family Leiothrichidae belonging to the passerine order. Studies reveal ... ...

Abstract	Geophagy has been documented in different animal taxa including Aves and particularly in Passeriformes. However, no geophagic activity has been reported in the genus Turdoides of the family Leiothrichidae belonging to the passerine order. Studies reveal the behaviour of geophagy to be aiding in nutrient supplementation, toxin neutralisation, cytoprotection, gut pH stabilisation and parasite liberation. Here, we provide a record of geophagy in Jungle Babbler Turdoides striata in a peri-urban area of Berhampur city in India. Although this species, being insectivorous, was thought to be feeding on insects, nevertheless, close observations confirmed the activity to be a case of geophagy, which was followed up by nest-building, egg-laying and hatching. The soil samples from the geophagic sites (Ca = 2415 mg/kg) contained 130% more Ca than that of the non-geophagic sites (Ca = 1050 mg/kg). The biochemical requirement of calcium throughout the reproductive phase of Turdoides sp. may corroborate the soil consumption instinct, which was also extrapolated from the reproductive success observed, because the demand for calcium in birds remains high during the egg-laying time. Although the possible explanations for geophagy, reported for the first time in this species, were oriented specifically towards Ca supplement, the present findings provide impetus for furthering research in this domain.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Calcium ; Instinct ; Pica ; Soil/chemistry ; Feeding Behavior
Chemical Substances	Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; Soil
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-12
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1466332-6
ISSN	1435-9456 ; 1435-9448
ISSN (online)	1435-9456
ISSN	1435-9448
DOI	10.1007/s10071-023-01778-x
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Article ; Online: Electron and hole interactions with P, Z, and P:Z and the formation of mutagenic products by proton transfer reactions.

Jena, N R

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP

2019 Volume 22, Issue 2, Page(s) 919–931

Abstract: ... in the replication reaction and can form stable B-DNA. A short sequence of DNA containing P and Z has also been shown ... P and Z have recently been identified as promiscuous artificial nucleobases, which can behave as G ... to help in the diagnosis of diseases. However, the behavior of P and Z exposed to radiation has not been ...

Abstract	P and Z have recently been identified as promiscuous artificial nucleobases, which can behave as G and C, respectively, in duplex DNA. These nucleobases have been shown to participate in the replication reaction and can form stable B-DNA. A short sequence of DNA containing P and Z has also been shown to help in the diagnosis of diseases. However, the behavior of P and Z exposed to radiation has not been explored. As electrons and holes are created during the interaction of radiation with DNA bases, it is desirable to understand the electron or hole trapping abilities of P and Z in duplex DNA. To unravel these abilities, electron affinities (EAs) and ionization potentials (IPs) of P and Z in bare and microhydrated complexes are computed and compared with those of G and C by using the B3LYP-D3 dispersion-corrected density functional theory method and the IEFPCM method to account for the bulk solvation in water. The computed EA and IP values of P and Z are found to be largely positive and hence their anions (P˙- and Z˙-) and cations (P˙+ and Z˙+) would be stable in DNA. It is further found that the electron trapping ability of Z is significantly higher than that of P, G, and C. However, the hole trapping ability of P is slightly higher than that of Z, but less than that of G. To account for the proton transfer abilities of Z, Z˙+, and Z˙-, the stabilities of different proton transferred products and their tautomers are also explored. It is found that among the different products, the one formed by the transfer of the N3 proton would be the most stable. However, the N3 proton transfer from Z to P in the P:Z and P:Z˙- complexes would be unfeasible due to the high barrier and endothermic nature of the reaction. Remarkably, the same reaction in the P:Z˙+ complex is found to be exothermic with a low barrier energy. Hence, the conversion of Z to Z˙+ would facilitate N3 proton transfer from Z to P in the P:Z complex. As the proton transferred products were suggested to induce genetic mutations, we propose that the formations of Z(N3 - H)˙ and P(N1 + H)+ in DNA would be mutagenic. These results are expected to help in the understanding of the radiation biology of P and Z in single-stranded and double-stranded DNA.
MeSH term(s)	Base Pairing ; DNA/chemistry ; DNA/genetics ; Electrons ; Mutagenesis/genetics ; Protons ; Quantum Theory
Chemical Substances	Protons ; DNA (9007-49-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1476244-4
ISSN	1463-9084 ; 1463-9076
ISSN (online)	1463-9084
ISSN	1463-9076
DOI	10.1039/c9cp05367k
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Article ; Online: Biochemical pharmacology of adenylyl cyclases in cancer.

Chandra Jena, Bikash / Flaherty, Daniel P / O'Brien, Valerie P / Watts, Val J

Biochemical pharmacology

2024 , Page(s) 116160

Abstract: Globally, despite extensive research and pharmacological advancement, cancer remains one of the most common causes of mortality. Understanding the signaling pathways involved in cancer progression is essential for the discovery of new drug targets. The ... ...

Abstract	Globally, despite extensive research and pharmacological advancement, cancer remains one of the most common causes of mortality. Understanding the signaling pathways involved in cancer progression is essential for the discovery of new drug targets. The adenylyl cyclase (AC) superfamily comprises glycoproteins that regulate intracellular signaling and convert ATP into cyclic AMP, an important second messenger. The present review highlights the involvement of ACs in cancer progression and suppression, broken down for each specific mammalian AC isoform. The precise mechanisms by which ACs contribute to cancer cell proliferation and invasion are not well understood and are variable among cancer types; however, AC overactivation, along with that of downstream regulators, presents a potential target for novel anticancer therapies. The expression patterns of ACs in numerous cancers are discussed. In addition, we highlight inhibitors of AC-related signaling that are currently under investigation, with a focus on possible anti-cancer strategies. Recent discoveries with small molecules regarding more direct modulation AC activity are also discussed in detail. A more comprehensive understanding of different components in AC-related signaling could potentially lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for personalized oncology and might enhance the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy in the treatment of various cancers.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	208787-x
ISSN	1873-2968 ; 0006-2952
ISSN (online)	1873-2968
ISSN	0006-2952
DOI	10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116160
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Zs.A 19: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Trends in Scientific Collaboration Between Men and Women Following the #MeToo Movement.

Zimerman, André / Rotenstein, Lisa S / Jena, Anupam B

Journal of general internal medicine

2023 Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 201–206

Abstract: ... was a woman, the first author was also a woman in 53.6% of articles (20,078) (p<0.001 for difference ... first author before versus after the peak of the #MeToo movement (e.g., p=0.13 for difference between ... similar in the USA and Europe after the peak of the #MeToo movement (p=0.65).: Conclusions: The #MeToo ...

Abstract	Background: The #MeToo movement raised global awareness about harassment in the workplace. Concerns were raised, however, that the movement may have unintendedly harmed women in academia by decreasing collaboration invitations from men in senior positions, who might be more reluctant to collaborate. Objective: To analyze whether collaborations between first author women and last author men decreased after the #MeToo movement. Design: Retrospective observational study. Participants: Names of first and last authors of 122,450 US review articles from the PubMed database published between 2014 and 2020. Main measures: Change in the proportion of review articles with a first author woman and a last author man following the peak of the #MeToo movement in October 2017. Additionally, among review articles with a last author man, trends of women first authorship in the USA and Europe (control group) were compared. Key results: We analyzed 122,450 review articles with first and last authors from US institutions. Of 85,015 articles by a man last author, 37.5% (31,902) had a woman first author. In contrast, when the last author was a woman, the first author was also a woman in 53.6% of articles (20,078) (p<0.001 for difference). Among review articles with a last author man, there was no change in the proportion of articles with a woman first author before versus after the peak of the #MeToo movement (e.g., p=0.13 for difference between the 12 months following October 2017 compared to the pre-#Me-too period). Among European institutions, of 72,036 articles by a man last author, 43.4% (31,294) had a woman first author, higher than the proportion observed in the USA. Trends in collaboration between first author women and last author men were similar in the USA and Europe after the peak of the #MeToo movement (p=0.65). Conclusions: The #MeToo movement was not associated with a reduction in the rate of scientific review article authorship collaborations between first author women and last author men in the life sciences. These findings, if generalizable, suggest it is possible to promote accountability for harassment in the workplace without limiting decreases in collaboration.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Authorship ; Retrospective Studies ; Social Responsibility ; Observational Studies as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639008-0
ISSN	1525-1497 ; 0884-8734
ISSN (online)	1525-1497
ISSN	0884-8734
DOI	10.1007/s11606-023-08441-8
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Article ; Online: Affirmative Action Bans and Enrollment of Students From Underrepresented Racial and Ethnic Groups in U.S. Public Medical Schools.

Ly, Dan P / Essien, Utibe R / Olenski, Andrew R / Jena, Anupam B

Annals of internal medicine

2022 Volume 175, Issue 6, Page(s) 873–878

Abstract: Background: The percentage of U.S. physicians who identify as being from an underrepresented racial or ethnic group remains low relative to their proportion in the U.S. population. How this percentage may have been affected by state bans on affirmative ... ...

Abstract	Background: The percentage of U.S. physicians who identify as being from an underrepresented racial or ethnic group remains low relative to their proportion in the U.S. population. How this percentage may have been affected by state bans on affirmative action in public postsecondary institutions has received relatively little attention. Objective: To examine the association between state affirmative action bans and percentage of enrollment in U.S. public medical schools from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups. Design: Event study comparing public medical schools in states that implemented affirmative action bans with those in states without bans. Setting: U.S. public medical schools. Participants: 21 public medical schools in 8 states with affirmative action bans matched to 32 public medical schools in 24 states without bans from 1985 to 2019. Measurements: Percentage of total enrollment from racial and ethnic groups underrepresented in medicine (Black, Hispanic, American Indian or Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander). Results: The percentage of enrollment from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups was 14.8% in U.S. public medical schools in the year before ban implementation in states with bans. The adjusted percentage of underrepresented students in ban schools decreased by 4.8 percentage points (95% CI, -6.3 to -3.2 percentage points) 5 years after ban implementation relative to the year before implementation, whereas the adjusted percentage in control schools increased by 0.7 percentage point (CI, -0.1 to 1.6 percentage points), for a relative difference, or difference-in-differences estimate, of -5.5 percentage points (CI, -7.1 to -3.9 percentage points). Limitation: Inability to account for the effect of these bans on undergraduate enrollment. Conclusion: State affirmative action bans were associated with significant reductions in the percentage of students in U.S. public medical schools from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups. Primary funding source: None.
MeSH term(s)	Ethnicity ; Humans ; Minority Groups/education ; Public Policy ; Schools, Medical ; Students ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	336-0
ISSN	1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
ISSN (online)	1539-3704
ISSN	0003-4819
DOI	10.7326/M21-4312
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