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Article: Kinematic and Electromyography Responses to Increasing Proprioception Demand and a Lack of Visual Feedback in Healthy, Middle-Aged Women Tested on an Unstable Platform.

Szczerbik, Ewa / Kalinowska, Malgorzata / Syczewska, Malgorzata

Motor control

2022 Volume 26, Issue 4, Page(s) 694–712

Abstract: The purpose of the study was to investigate which changes in kinematics and muscle activity in healthy, middle-aged women are introduced to maintain balance on an unstable platform. Biodex Balance System tests were used in stable and unstable modes ( ... ...

Abstract	The purpose of the study was to investigate which changes in kinematics and muscle activity in healthy, middle-aged women are introduced to maintain balance on an unstable platform. Biodex Balance System tests were used in stable and unstable modes (sudden with eyes open/closed and gradual with eyes open). Simultaneously, lower-extremity kinematics and surface electromyography of back and legs muscles were captured. The dependence between balance scores, movement ranges, and root mean square of electromyography was assessed with multiple regression to evaluate the strategy used. The results showed multisegmental movements in sudden instability, and activity of at least one of the following muscles: gluteus maximus, erector spinae, and soleus in all conditions. Best balance scores were achieved when movements appeared in pelvis in transverse, and hip in frontal planes, worst when in pelvis in frontal, hip, and ankle in sagittal planes, and when mentioned muscles were activated. Further research is needed to identify the determinants of strategy choice.
MeSH term(s)	Biomechanical Phenomena ; Electromyography ; Feedback, Sensory ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Postural Balance/physiology ; Proprioception/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1087-1640
ISSN	1087-1640
DOI	10.1123/mc.2021-0084
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Article ; Online: Analysis of the movements of the upper extremities during gait: Their role for the dynamic balance.

Matuszewska, Agata / Syczewska, Małgorzata

Gait & posture

2022 Volume 100, Page(s) 82–90

Abstract: Background: The movement of the upper extremities is important for balance control in human walking. However, it is still unknown which mode of arm swing ensures the most stable gait due to the lack of appropriate measures which can quantify the ... ...

Abstract	Background: The movement of the upper extremities is important for balance control in human walking. However, it is still unknown which mode of arm swing ensures the most stable gait due to the lack of appropriate measures which can quantify the movement of the upper extremities. In this study, we formulate a new parameter to numerically describe the arm swing. We investigated the effect of walking speed, sports activities and the subject's BMI on the movement of the upper limbs. Methods: Data of healthy 50 subjects from an external database was used. We used a human gait database for this analysis. All experimental trials were performed in Centre National de Rééducation Fonctionnelle et de Réadaptation - Rehazenter in Laboratoire d'Analyse du Mouvement et de la Posture in Luxembourg. Participants were asked to walk on a straight level walkway at 5 different speeds: 0-0.4 m/s, 0.4-0.8 m/s, 0.8-1.2 m/s, self-selected spontaneous and fast speeds. The human motion was recorded by using a 10-camera optoelectronic system. Findings: The amplitude of arm swing was greater in gait with self-selected fast speed then in slow walking. Higher walking speeds entailed also the more structured and repetitive movement of the upper extremities. For self-selected fast speed, the mean value of Pearson's correlation coefficient between arm swing amplitude of the left and right side was 0.935 ± 0.102, 0.943 ± 0.073 and 0.973 ± 0.020 for the young, middle aged and elderly group respectively, while in slow walking it was in the range 0.393-0.633 (for the representatives of the three groups). Our results could suggest other factors which influence arm swing, such as obesity and doing asymmetric sports. Interpretations: Our results suggest that choosing the lowest possible walking speed is not the best strategy as the most symmetric arm swing occurs during gait with self-selected speed.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Middle Aged ; Humans ; Arm ; Gait ; Walking ; Upper Extremity ; Rotation ; Biomechanical Phenomena
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1162323-8
ISSN	1879-2219 ; 0966-6362
ISSN (online)	1879-2219
ISSN	0966-6362
DOI	10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004
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Article ; Online: Are Gait and Balance Problems in Neurological Patients Interdependent? Enhanced Analysis Using Gait Indices, Cyclograms, Balance Parameters and Entropy.

Syczewska, Malgorzata / Szczerbik, Ewa / Kalinowska, Malgorzata / Swiecicka, Anna / Graff, Grazyna

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 23, Issue 3

Abstract: Background: Balance and locomotion are two main complex functions, which require intact and efficient neuromuscular and sensory systems, and their proper integration. In many studies the assumption of their dependence is present, and some rehabilitation ...

Abstract	Background: Balance and locomotion are two main complex functions, which require intact and efficient neuromuscular and sensory systems, and their proper integration. In many studies the assumption of their dependence is present, and some rehabilitation approaches are based on it. Other papers undermine this assumption. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine the possible dependence between gait and balance in patients with neurological or sensory integration problems, which affected their balance. Methods: 75 patients (52 with neurological diseases, 23 with sensory integration problems) participated in the study. They underwent balance assessment on Kistler force plate in two conditions, six tests on a Balance Biodex System and instrumented gait analysis with VICON. The gait and balances parameters and indices, together with entropy and cyclograms were used for the analysis. Spearman correlation, multiple regression, cluster analysis, and discriminant analysis were used as analytical tools. Results: The analysis divided patients into 2 groups with 100% correctly classified cases. Some balance and gait measures are better in the first group, but some others in the second. Conclusions: This finding confirms the hypothesis that there is no direct link between gait and balance deficits.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2014734-X
ISSN	1099-4300 ; 1099-4300
ISSN (online)	1099-4300
ISSN	1099-4300
DOI	10.3390/e23030359
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Article ; Online: Are Gait and Balance Problems in Neurological Patients Interdependent? Enhanced Analysis Using Gait Indices, Cyclograms, Balance Parameters and Entropy

Malgorzata Syczewska / Ewa Szczerbik / Malgorzata Kalinowska / Anna Swiecicka / Grazyna Graff

Entropy, Vol 23, Iss 359, p

2021 Volume 359

Abstract	Background: Balance and locomotion are two main complex functions, which require intact and efficient neuromuscular and sensory systems, and their proper integration. In many studies the assumption of their dependence is present, and some rehabilitation approaches are based on it. Other papers undermine this assumption. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine the possible dependence between gait and balance in patients with neurological or sensory integration problems, which affected their balance. Methods: 75 patients (52 with neurological diseases, 23 with sensory integration problems) participated in the study. They underwent balance assessment on Kistler force plate in two conditions, six tests on a Balance Biodex System and instrumented gait analysis with VICON. The gait and balances parameters and indices, together with entropy and cyclograms were used for the analysis. Spearman correlation, multiple regression, cluster analysis, and discriminant analysis were used as analytical tools. Results: The analysis divided patients into 2 groups with 100 % correctly classified cases. Some balance and gait measures are better in the first group, but some others in the second. Conclusions: This finding confirms the hypothesis that there is no direct link between gait and balance deficits.
Keywords	gait ; balance ; neurological problems ; Science ; Q ; Astrophysics ; QB460-466 ; Physics ; QC1-999
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Foot Plantar Pressure Abnormalities in Near Adulthood Patients with Type 1 Diabetes.

Wysocka-Mincewicz, Marta / Szczerbik, Ewa / Mazur, Maria / Grabik, Magdalena / Kalinowska, Małgorzata / Syczewska, Małgorzata

Biomedicines

2023 Volume 11, Issue 11

Abstract: Increased ulcer risk diminishes the quality of life in diabetes. This study assessed abnormalities in foot plantar pressure distribution in adolescents with T1D to detect early signs of ulcer risk. A total of 102 T1D patients, without diabetic neuropathy, ...

Abstract	Increased ulcer risk diminishes the quality of life in diabetes. This study assessed abnormalities in foot plantar pressure distribution in adolescents with T1D to detect early signs of ulcer risk. A total of 102 T1D patients, without diabetic neuropathy, were included (mean age 17.8 years, mean diabetes duration 7.4 year). Pedography was captured using Novel emed. Data from the study group were compared with reference data. The study revealed a statistically significant reduced foot contact area in both feet in the entire foot and under the head of the fifth metatarsal bone and the second toe. In both feet, the peak pressure was increased under the entire foot, hindfoot, midfoot, first metatarsal head, big toe, and second toe. There was no statistically significant difference in peak pressure. The mean plantar pressure rating was statistically significantly increased in both feet across the entire sole, in the hindfoot, midfoot, and first metatarsal head. T1D patients of age near adulthood without neuropathy have increased values in mean pressure and reduced contact area, pointing to the need of monitoring and preventive measures. These results point to the need of further research and analysis which should include various risk factor such as foot anatomy, body posture, or certain metabolic factors.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2720867-9
ISSN	2227-9059
ISSN	2227-9059
DOI	10.3390/biomedicines11112901
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Article ; Online: Comparison of 2 Conservative Treatment Approaches for the Flat Foot in Children Aged 5 to 10: Foot Orthoses Versus Foot Orthoses Supplemented With Zukunft-Huber Manual Therapy.

Boryczka-Trefler, Anna / Kalinowska, Małgorzata / Szczerbik, Ewa / Stępowska, Jolanta / Łukaszewska, Anna / Syczewska, Małgorzata

Clinical pediatrics

2023 Volume 63, Issue 3, Page(s) 304–312

Abstract: The aim was to find if foot orthotics alone can improve flat feet in children and analyze how the addition of Zukunft-Huber manual therapy and corrective bandaging changes the outcome. Forty-nine children aged 5 to 10 with asymptomatic flexible flat feet ...

Abstract	The aim was to find if foot orthotics alone can improve flat feet in children and analyze how the addition of Zukunft-Huber manual therapy and corrective bandaging changes the outcome. Forty-nine children aged 5 to 10 with asymptomatic flexible flat feet were divided into 2 groups. The first was treated with foot orthoses alone, in the second wearing foot orthoses was supplemented with Zukunft-Huber manual therapy and corrective bandaging. Pedobarography during gait was performed before the therapy and after a year. In the first group decrease in arch index, width, force, and area of midfoot, increase in force MH2 and area hindfoot was found, in the second decrease in arch index, width, force, and area of midfoot, increase in force under metatarsal head second, third, fourth, and fifth, area metatarsal head fourth and area hindfoot. Both methods showed positive changes, but foot orthoses with additional intervention were more effective.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Flatfoot/therapy ; Foot Orthoses ; Conservative Treatment ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Musculoskeletal Manipulations
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	207678-0
ISSN	1938-2707 ; 0009-9228
ISSN (online)	1938-2707
ISSN	0009-9228
DOI	10.1177/00099228231172480
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Article ; Online: Changes of the gait induced by two different conservative methods applied to correct flexible flat feet in children 5 to 9 years old

Boryczka-Trefler Anna / Kalinowska Małgorzata / Szczerbik Ewa / Stępowska Jolanta / Łukaszewska Anna / Syczewska Małgorzata

Biomedical Human Kinetics, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 239-

foot orthoses vs foot orthoses supplemented with Zukunft-Huber manual therapy

2023 Volume 248

Abstract: Study aim: A flexible flat foot (FFF), one of the most common postural deformities among children, should not be perceived as an isolated problem of static alignment of foot and ankle, but as a part of dynamic biomechanical chain of a lower extremity, ... ...

Abstract	Study aim: A flexible flat foot (FFF), one of the most common postural deformities among children, should not be perceived as an isolated problem of static alignment of foot and ankle, but as a part of dynamic biomechanical chain of a lower extremity, pelvis, and lower back. The aim of the study was to compare the impact of two methods, used for treating FFF, on the gait pattern in children after 12 months treatment.
Keywords	children ; flat foot ; kinematic and kinetic gait parameters ; foot orthoses ; Sports medicine ; RC1200-1245 ; Physiology ; QP1-981
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sciendo
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Developmental charts for children with osteogenesis imperfecta, type I (body height, body weight and BMI).

Graff, Krzysztof / Syczewska, Malgorzata

European journal of pediatrics

2017 Volume 176, Issue 3, Page(s) 311–316

Abstract: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare genetic disorder of type I collagen. Type I is the most common, which is called a non-deforming type of OI, as in this condition, there are no major bone deformities. This type is characterised by blue sclera and ... ...

Abstract	Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare genetic disorder of type I collagen. Type I is the most common, which is called a non-deforming type of OI, as in this condition, there are no major bone deformities. This type is characterised by blue sclera and vertebral fractures, leading to mild scoliosis. The body height of these patients is regarded as normal, or only slightly reduced, but there are no data proving this in the literature. The aim of this study is the preparation of the developmental charts of children with OI type I. The anthropometric data of 117 patients with osteogenesis imperfecta were used in this study (61 boys and 56 girls). All measurements were pooled together into one database (823 measurements in total). To overcome the problem of the limited number of data being available in certain age classes and gender groups, the method called reverse transformation was used. The body height of the youngest children, aged 2 and 3 years, is less than that of their healthy peers. Children between 4 and 7 years old catch up slightly, but at later ages, development slows down, and in adults, the median body height shows an SDS of -2.7. Conclusion: These results show that children with type I OI are smaller from the beginning than their healthy counterparts, their development slows down from 8 years old, and, ultimately, their body height is impaired. What is Known: • The body height of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta type I is regarded as normal, or only slightly reduced, but in the known literature, there is no measurement data supporting this opinion. What is New: • Children with type I osteogenesis imperfecta are smaller from the beginning than their healthy counterparts, their development slows down from 8 years old and, ultimately, their final body height is impaired. • The developmental charts for the body height, body weight and BMI of children with type I osteogenesis imperfecta are shown.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Body Height ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Growth Charts ; Humans ; Male ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta/classification ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01-05
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	194196-3
ISSN	1432-1076 ; 0340-6199 ; 0943-9676
ISSN (online)	1432-1076
ISSN	0340-6199 ; 0943-9676
DOI	10.1007/s00431-016-2839-y
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Article ; Online: The impact of two weeks of traditional therapy supplemented with virtual reality on balance control in neurologically-impaired children and adolescents.

Szczerbik, Ewa / Kalinowska, Małgorzata / Święcicka, Anna / Graff, Krzysztof / Syczewska, Małgorzata

Journal of bodywork and movement therapies

2021 Volume 28, Page(s) 513–520

Abstract: Background: The aim of the study was to assess whether two weeks of therapy (traditional and VR) may improve balance in children and adolescents with neurological problems of different origins and whether the deterioration in gait dynamic balance showed ...

Abstract	Background: The aim of the study was to assess whether two weeks of therapy (traditional and VR) may improve balance in children and adolescents with neurological problems of different origins and whether the deterioration in gait dynamic balance showed by patient's ground reaction forces (GRF) determinates therapy effectiveness. Methods: 29 participants aged 9-17 attended traditional therapy supplemented by tailor-made games. Therapy comprised exercises improving balance, range of motion, posture control, proprioception, muscle strength. Biodex Balance System was used for main assessment before and after therapy in tests: Postural Stability, modified Clinical Test of Sensory Integration and Balance, and Limits of Stability. Participants underwent gait analysis before the therapy to determine GRF. An increased maximal lateral component or decreased maximal anterior component in the push-off phase taking place in both legs were regarded as deterioration. This enabled the division into two groups with and without such a deterioration. Results were compared between the groups before and within groups before and after therapy. Results: The precision of forward-backwards body sway improved most significantly in the group with decreased GRF and reached the level of the second group, who worsened antero-posterior repeatability during stance on an unstable surface with eyes open. Conclusion: Two weeks of combined traditional and VR therapy tailored to patients' functional weakness positively influenced the balance of neurologically impaired children. The group with decreased gait dynamic balance improved the tasks, which were intensively trained in the games. The second group remained more spontaneous in the trained direction.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child ; Exercise Therapy ; Gait ; Humans ; Postural Balance ; Proprioception ; Virtual Reality
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2029441-4
ISSN	1532-9283 ; 1360-8592
ISSN (online)	1532-9283
ISSN	1360-8592
DOI	10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.09.007
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Article ; Online: Using the TUG Test for the Functional Assessment of Patients with Selected Disorders.

Graff, Krzysztof / Szczerbik, Ewa / Kalinowska, Małgorzata / Kaczmarczyk, Katarzyna / Stępień, Agnieszka / Syczewska, Małgorzata

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 8

Abstract: One of the tests used for quantitative diagnostics is Timed Up-and-Go (TUG), however, no reports were found regarding the percentage share of individual test components, which seems to have a greater diagnostic value in differentiating the functional ... ...

Abstract	One of the tests used for quantitative diagnostics is Timed Up-and-Go (TUG), however, no reports were found regarding the percentage share of individual test components, which seems to have a greater diagnostic value in differentiating the functional status of the patients. The aim of the study was to analyze the percentage of the individual components of the TUG test in functional assessment in a population of healthy children and in clinical trials patients with various diseases. Material and methodology: The material consisted of patients with orthopedic ( Results: The components of the TUG test that differentiated the studied groups of patients to the greatest extent were in the order: relapse tug3%, initial transition tug2%, sitting tug5% and standing up tug1%, while during the final transition tug4% statistically significant differences were found only between healthy children and the studied groups of patients. Conclusions: The TUG test turned out to be a good diagnostic tool, differentiating the studied groups of patients. The analysis of the percentage of the components of the TUG test can help in assessing the mobility of children and adolescents, monitor the effects of physiotherapy or the effects of surgical procedures.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Physical Therapy Modalities
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph19084602
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