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Article: Crosstalk between autophagy and immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment.

Yang, Tiantian / Zhang, Yang / Chen, Junhang / Sun, Longhao

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1125692

Abstract: Autophagy is a conserved process for self-degradation and provides cells with a rescue mechanism to respond to circumstances such as stress and starvation. The role of autophagy in cancer is extremely complex and often paradoxical. Most of the related ... ...

Abstract	Autophagy is a conserved process for self-degradation and provides cells with a rescue mechanism to respond to circumstances such as stress and starvation. The role of autophagy in cancer is extremely complex and often paradoxical. Most of the related published studies on tumors are always focused on cancer cells. However, present studies gradually noticed the significance of autophagy in the tumor microenvironment. These studies demonstrate that autophagy and immunity work synergistically to affect tumor progression, indicating that autophagy could become a potential target for cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, it is crucial to clarify the correlation between autophagy and various tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. The context-dependent role of autophagy is critical in the design of therapeutic strategies for cancer.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2023.1125692
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Article ; Online: Crosstalk between autophagy and immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment

Tiantian Yang / Yang Zhang / Junhang Chen / Longhao Sun

Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

2023 Volume 10

Abstract	Autophagy is a conserved process for self-degradation and provides cells with a rescue mechanism to respond to circumstances such as stress and starvation. The role of autophagy in cancer is extremely complex and often paradoxical. Most of the related published studies on tumors are always focused on cancer cells. However, present studies gradually noticed the significance of autophagy in the tumor microenvironment. These studies demonstrate that autophagy and immunity work synergistically to affect tumor progression, indicating that autophagy could become a potential target for cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, it is crucial to clarify the correlation between autophagy and various tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. The context-dependent role of autophagy is critical in the design of therapeutic strategies for cancer.
Keywords	autophagy ; tumor immunity ; dendritic cell ; macrophage ; immune cell infiltration ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: MiR-506 Promotes Antitumor Immune Response in Pancreatic Cancer by Reprogramming Tumor-Associated Macrophages toward an M1 Phenotype.

Yang, Tiantian / Han, Yitong / Chen, Junhang / Liang, Xiaoyu / Sun, Longhao

Biomedicines

2023 Volume 11, Issue 11

Abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly malignant cancer with a poor prognosis, and effective treatments for PDAC are lacking. In this study, we hypothesized that miR-506 promotes antitumor immune response in PDAC by reprogramming tumor- ... ...

Abstract	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly malignant cancer with a poor prognosis, and effective treatments for PDAC are lacking. In this study, we hypothesized that miR-506 promotes antitumor immune response in PDAC by reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages toward an M1 phenotype to reverse its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). First, the relationship between TME and the expression of miR-506 was assessed using clinical samples. Our results provided evidence that lower expression of miR-506 was associated with poor prognosis and immunosuppressive TME in PDAC patients. In addition, miR-506 inhibit the PDAC progression and reversed its immunosuppressive microenvironment in a macrophage-dependent manner. Next, we established a PDAC mouse model by orthotopic injection to further explore the role of miR-506 in vivo. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that miR-506 could reprogram the polarization of M2-like macrophages toward an M1-like phenotype through targeting STAT3. Meanwhile, miR-506 could also sensitize PDAC to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, because the tumor microenvironment remodeling effects of miR-506 could reprogram macrophage polarization and subsequently promote cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) infiltration. These findings suggest a relationship between miR-506 and TME, especially M2-like macrophages, thus providing novel insights into mechanisms of tumor progression and potential immunotherapeutic targets for further clinical treatment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2720867-9
ISSN	2227-9059
ISSN	2227-9059
DOI	10.3390/biomedicines11112874
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Article ; Online: Scoping review of obesity interventions: Research frontiers and publication status.

Zhang, Longhao / Dai, Shuang / Chen, Yufei / Jin, Tingting / Li, Wei / Wang, Wen / Pu, Jian / Jia, Peng / Zhao, Li / Sun, Xin

iScience

2024 Volume 27, Issue 4, Page(s) 109240

Abstract: Obesity and overweight are significant global health issues, and numerous obesity intervention studies have been conducted. Summarizing current knowledge of interventions aims to inform researchers and policymakers to keep up-to-date with the latest ... ...

Abstract	Obesity and overweight are significant global health issues, and numerous obesity intervention studies have been conducted. Summarizing current knowledge of interventions aims to inform researchers and policymakers to keep up-to-date with the latest scientific advancements and trends. In this review, we comprehensively retrieved and screened 4,541 studies on obesity intervention published between 2018 and 2022 in the Web of Science Core Collection, and objectively presented research frontiers using bibliometric analysis. The research frontiers of intervention are mainly focused on dietary, exercise, pharmacological interventions, bariatric surgery, environmental, and cognitive interventions. Time-restricted eating is the hottest research topic, followed by probiotics and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Gut microbiota is located in the "Basic and transversal themes" quadrant with a high centrality and low density, which has great development potentiality. Obesity intervention is becoming increasingly common,and we advocate for researchers to undertake more focused research endeavors that consider the specific characteristics of diverse populations or patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2589-0042
ISSN (online)	2589-0042
DOI	10.1016/j.isci.2024.109240
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Article ; Online: Development, Validation, and Application of a Scoring Model for Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Xiao, Jinfeng / Zhang, Xinxin / Zhu, Chonggui / Gu, Yian / Sun, Longhao / Liang, Xiaoyu / He, Qing

Obesity surgery

2023 Volume 33, Issue 10, Page(s) 3246–3255

Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore risk factors of NASH and then develop a non-invasive scoring model in Chinese patients with obesity. A scoring system was then applied to assess the effect of sleeve gastrectomy on NASH.: Methods: A total ...

Abstract	Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore risk factors of NASH and then develop a non-invasive scoring model in Chinese patients with obesity. A scoring system was then applied to assess the effect of sleeve gastrectomy on NASH. Methods: A total of 243 patients with obesity were included and divided into NASH group and non-NASH group according to the pathological results of liver biopsy. Logistic regression was used to determine risk factors of NASH. A scoring model was derived by risk factors of NASH. Then, postoperative follow-up was performed in 70 patients. Results: Among the 243 patients, 118 (48.56%) patients showed NASH. Multivariate logistic regression identified aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (>21.50 IU/L), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (<1.155mmol/L), and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) (>9.368) as independent risk factors of NASH. The model included above risk factors showed a negative predictive value (NPV) of 70.38% in the low-risk category and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 85.71% in the high-risk category, with the area under the receiver operator curve (AUROC) of 0.737. Bariatric surgery resulted in a sharp decline in AST and HOMA-IR and a significant increase of HDL-C. The points of scoring model were improved at 6 months after surgery. Conclusion: A non-invasive scoring model was derived by the risk factors of NASH included AST, HDL-C, and HOMA-IR and applied to the postoperative follow-up. After sleeve gastrectomy, the above risk factors and points of scoring model were significantly improved.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Obesity, Morbid/surgery ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Risk Factors ; Obesity ; Area Under Curve ; Cholesterol, HDL
Chemical Substances	Cholesterol, HDL
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1070827-3
ISSN	1708-0428 ; 0960-8923
ISSN (online)	1708-0428
ISSN	0960-8923
DOI	10.1007/s11695-023-06804-y
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Article ; Online: Elucidating the impact of oxygen functional groups on the catalytic activity of M-N

Xie, Liang / Zhou, Wei / Huang, Yuming / Qu, Zhibin / Li, Longhao / Yang, Chaowei / Ding, Yani / Li, Junfeng / Meng, Xiaoxiao / Sun, Fei / Gao, Jihui / Zhao, Guangbo / Qin, Yukun

Materials horizons

2024 Volume 11, Issue 7, Page(s) 1719–1731

Abstract: Efforts to enhance the efficiency of electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in energy conversion and storage devices present formidable challenges. In this endeavor, M- ... ...

Abstract	Efforts to enhance the efficiency of electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in energy conversion and storage devices present formidable challenges. In this endeavor, M-N
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2744250-0
ISSN	2051-6355 ; 2051-6347
ISSN (online)	2051-6355
ISSN	2051-6347
DOI	10.1039/d3mh02115g
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Article: High Manganese Content of Lipid NanoMn (LNM) by Microfluidic Technology for Enhancing Anti-Tumor Immunity.

Sun, Jiawei / Gong, Jingjing / Gong, Lidong / Zhu, Chuanda / Li-Yang, Longhao / Wang, Jingya / Yang, Yuanyuan / Zhang, Shiming / Liu, Silu / Fu, Ji-Jun / Xu, Pengcheng

Pharmaceutics

2024 Volume 16, Issue 4

Abstract: Immunotherapy is a clinically effective method for treating tumors. Manganese can activate the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and induce an anti-tumor immune response. However, its efficacy is hindered by non-specific distribution and low uptake rates. In ... ...

Abstract	Immunotherapy is a clinically effective method for treating tumors. Manganese can activate the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and induce an anti-tumor immune response. However, its efficacy is hindered by non-specific distribution and low uptake rates. In this study, we employed microfluidic technology to design and develop an innovative preparation process, resulting in the creation of a novel manganese lipid nanoparticle (LNM). The lipid manganese nanoparticle produced in this process boasts a high manganese payload, excellent stability, the capacity for large-scale production, and high batch repeatability. LNM has effectively demonstrated the ability to activate the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, induce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inhibit tumor development. Notably, LNM does not require combination chemotherapy drugs or other immune activators. Therefore, LNM presents a safe, straightforward, and efficient strategy for anti-tumor immune activation, with the potential for scalable production.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527217-2
ISSN	1999-4923
ISSN	1999-4923
DOI	10.3390/pharmaceutics16040556
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Article: IGFBP2 Drives Regulatory T Cell Differentiation through STAT3/IDO Signaling Pathway in Pancreatic Cancer.

Sun, Longhao / Zhang, Yang / Yang, Tiantian / Chen, Junhang / Zhang, Xuebin / Liang, Xiaoyu

Journal of personalized medicine

2022 Volume 12, Issue 12

Abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents one of the deadliest malignancies. Elevated regulatory T cell (Treg) infiltration has a potent immunosuppressive function in tumor biology, which contributes to low survival in PDAC. Nonetheless, the ... ...

Abstract	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents one of the deadliest malignancies. Elevated regulatory T cell (Treg) infiltration has a potent immunosuppressive function in tumor biology, which contributes to low survival in PDAC. Nonetheless, the crosstalk between malignant cells and tumor-infiltrating Tregs in PDAC is not well understood. Here, clinical data demonstrates that the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) is associated with Treg accumulation in the microenvironment of PDAC in humans. Additionally, IGFBP2 increases Treg infiltration in the tumor microenvironment and promotes disease progression in mouse PDAC. Bioinformatic analysis and mechanistic assessment reveals IGFBP2 upregulated indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) by activating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling in PDAC cells, thus inducing Treg differentiation and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. These findings provide mechanistic insights into an important molecular pathway that promotes an immunosuppressive microenvironment, which suggests the IGFBP2 axis as a potential target for improved immune response in PDAC.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662248-8
ISSN	2075-4426
ISSN	2075-4426
DOI	10.3390/jpm12122005
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Article ; Online: Efficient Recovery of Complete Gut Viral Genomes by Combined Short- and Long-Read Sequencing.

Chen, Jingchao / Sun, Chuqing / Dong, Yanqi / Jin, Menglu / Lai, Senying / Jia, Longhao / Zhao, Xueyang / Wang, Huarui / Gao, Na L / Bork, Peer / Liu, Zhi / Chen, Wei-Hua / Zhao, Xing-Ming

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

2024 Volume 11, Issue 13, Page(s) e2305818

Abstract: Current metagenome assembled human gut phage catalogs contained mostly fragmented genomes. Here, comprehensive gut virome detection procedure is developed involving virus-like particle (VLP) enrichment from ≈500 g feces and combined sequencing of short- ... ...

Abstract	Current metagenome assembled human gut phage catalogs contained mostly fragmented genomes. Here, comprehensive gut virome detection procedure is developed involving virus-like particle (VLP) enrichment from ≈500 g feces and combined sequencing of short- and long-read. Applied to 135 samples, a Chinese Gut Virome Catalog (CHGV) is assembled consisting of 21,499 non-redundant viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) that are significantly longer than those obtained by short-read sequencing and contained ≈35% (7675) complete genomes, which is ≈nine times more than those in the Gut Virome Database (GVD, ≈4%, 1,443). Interestingly, the majority (≈60%, 13,356) of the CHGV vOTUs are obtained by either long-read or hybrid assemblies, with little overlap with those assembled from only the short-read data. With this dataset, vast diversity of the gut virome is elucidated, including the identification of 32% (6,962) novel vOTUs compare to public gut virome databases, dozens of phages that are more prevalent than the crAssphages and/or Gubaphages, and several viral clades that are more diverse than the two. Finally, the functional capacities are also characterized of the CHGV encoded proteins and constructed a viral-host interaction network to facilitate future research and applications.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Bacteriophages/genetics ; Sequence Analysis ; Genome, Viral/genetics ; Metagenome/genetics ; Feces
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-19
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2808093-2
ISSN	2198-3844 ; 2198-3844
ISSN (online)	2198-3844
ISSN	2198-3844
DOI	10.1002/advs.202305818
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Article ; Online: Insulin Resistance, but Not Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Associated with Hepatic Steatosis in Chinese Patients with Severe Obesity.

Zhu, Chonggui / Tang, Shaofang / Xiao, Jinfeng / Zhang, Yang / Sun, Longhao / Zhang, Jing / Ding, Li / Liu, Ming

Obesity facts

2023 Volume 16, Issue 4, Page(s) 344–355

Abstract: Introduction: Severe obesity is often present with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Emerging researches suggest OSA plays an important role in NAFLD development and progression while the relationship between ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Severe obesity is often present with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Emerging researches suggest OSA plays an important role in NAFLD development and progression while the relationship between OSA and NAFLD is still conflicting. The interaction of OSA and NAFLD should be further evaluated as obesity surges. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of OSA and NAFLD in patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery and evaluate the association between OSA and severity of NAFLD. Methods: 141 patients with severe obesity undergoing preoperative polysomnography and intraoperative liver biopsy during bariatric surgery were investigated. Clinical, anthropometric variables, liver enzymes, fasting blood glucose, fasting serum insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured. The severity of NAFLD was assessed by degree of steatosis, ballooning, intralobular inflammation, and NAFLD activity score. The diagnosis and severity assessment of OSA was based on an apnea/hypopnea index (AHI). Results: OSA was diagnosed in 127 (90.07%), NAFLD in 124 (87.94%), and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in 72 (51.06%) patients. There was a statistical difference in BMI, waist circumstance, neck circumstance, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR among the three groups divided by the severity of AHI. In addition, the distribution of hepatic steatosis grades among the three groups was statistically different (p = 0.025). AHI was significantly associated with HOMA-IR and hepatic steatosis when assessing the association between OSA parameters and liver histology in NAFLD (p < 0.05). Patients with steatosis of grades 1-3 had significantly elevated aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase, triglycerides, fasting insulin, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, and AHI compared with the patients with steatosis of grade 0. In a multivariable logistic analysis, the positive association between AHI and hepatic steatosis attenuated after adjusting for HOMA-IR. Conclusion: Prevalence of OSA and NAFLD was high in patients with obesity eligible for bariatric procedures. HOMA-IR, but not AHI, was an independent risk factor for hepatic steatosis in this population.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Obesity, Morbid/complications ; Obesity, Morbid/surgery ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/complications ; East Asian People ; Obesity/complications ; Insulin ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/complications
Chemical Substances	Insulin
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2417831-7
ISSN	1662-4033 ; 1662-4025
ISSN (online)	1662-4033
ISSN	1662-4025
DOI	10.1159/000528789
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