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  1. Article ; Online: The Critical Role of the Adipocytokine NOV in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Induced Cardiometabolic Dysfunction: A Review.

    Fakhouri, Eddie W / Peterson, Stephen J / Fakhouri, William / Minkin, Ruth / Frishman, William H / Weingarten, Jeremy A

    Cardiology in review

    2023  

    Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent and associated with oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and adverse cardiovascular consequences. The comorbid condition of obesity remains epidemic. Both obesity and OSA are highly comorbid in ... ...

    Abstract Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent and associated with oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and adverse cardiovascular consequences. The comorbid condition of obesity remains epidemic. Both obesity and OSA are highly comorbid in patients with cardiovascular disease including atrial fibrillation, resistant hypertension, congestive heart failure, and coronary artery disease. Patients with these preexisting cardiovascular conditions should be screened for OSA with a low threshold to treat, even if OSA severity is mild. Nephroblastoma overexpressed (NOV/CCN3) protein has been identified in multiple chronic inflammatory states, most notably in obesity and more recently in OSA, even in the absence of obesity. As such, NOV may represent an important biomarker for oxidative stress in OSA and may lead to a deeper understanding of the relationship between OSA and its clinical sequelae.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1294965-6
    ISSN 1538-4683 ; 1061-5377
    ISSN (online) 1538-4683
    ISSN 1061-5377
    DOI 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000556
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Recurrent Large Volume Malignant Pleural Effusion in a Patient With Renal Cell Carcinoma.

    Hutchinson, Akil H / Fakhouri, Eddie W / Raudales, Juan

    Cureus

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) e13593

    Abstract: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) due to renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is extremely rare, accounting for only 1%-2% of all malignant pleural effusions. This paper presents a case report of a 56-year-old male who presented with a chief complaint of bilateral ... ...

    Abstract Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) due to renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is extremely rare, accounting for only 1%-2% of all malignant pleural effusions. This paper presents a case report of a 56-year-old male who presented with a chief complaint of bilateral flank pain with dyspnea and was diagnosed with RCC via immunopathologic pleural fluid analysis and who persistently had recurrent large volume pleural effusion. A 56-year-old male who had a recent admission for dyspnea secondary to a right-sided pleural effusion underwent thoracentesis and returned to the hospital for his worsening shortness of breath. He was found to have recurrent pleural effusion. Thoracentesis studies revealed an exudative pleural effusion positive for malignant cells showing adenocarcinoma, which had an immunopathologic profile (WT-1 and PAX8) favoring an adenocarcinoma of kidney origin. The patient underwent chest tube placement, followed by chemical pleurodesis with 4.3 L of bloody fluid drained immediately. Subsequent x-rays taken while the chest tube was in place showed worsening reaccumulating pleural effusion. A repeat CT scan showed a large right pleural effusion with loculated collections. The patient then underwent right video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, which revealed a loculated effusion with pleural carcinomatosis that was biopsy-positive for RCC. This report presents a rare case displaying how RCC pleural carcinomatosis can cause a patient to present with dyspnea secondary to a pleural effusion, which was revealed to be RCC upon fluid cytology and immunohistopathology studies. This case demonstrates that RCC can cause recurrent large volume MPE, which has not been widely reported in contemporary literature.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.13593
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The Association of Nephroblastoma Overexpressed (NOV) and Endothelial Progenitor Cells with Oxidative Stress in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

    Fakhouri, Eddie W / Weingarten, Jeremy A / Singh, Shailendra P / Shah, Purvi / Peterson, Stephen J

    Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity

    2021  Volume 2021, Page(s) 7138800

    Abstract: Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder characterized by intermittent hypoxia, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress and is associated with cardiometabolic disease. Several biological substrates have been associated with OSA ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder characterized by intermittent hypoxia, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress and is associated with cardiometabolic disease. Several biological substrates have been associated with OSA such as nephroblastoma overexpressed (NOV), endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), and circulating endothelial cells (CEC). Few studies have looked at the association of NOV with OSA while the EPC/CEC relationships with OSA are unclear. In this study, we hypothesize that (1) NOV is associated with the severity of OSA independent of BMI, identifying a protein that may play a role in the biogenesis of OSA complications, and (2) EPCs and CECs are also associated with the severity of OSA and are biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in OSA.
    Methods: 61 subjects underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG), clinical evaluation, and blood analysis for NOV, EPC, CEC, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and other potential biomarkers.
    Results: NOV and EPCs were independently associated with the oxygen desaturation index (ODI) after adjusting for potential confounders including body mass index (BMI), age, and sex (NOV
    Conclusion: NOV and EPC levels correlate with the degree of OSA independent of BMI, indicating that these biomarkers could potentially further elucidate the relationship between OSA patients and their risk of the subsequent development of cardiovascular disease.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Endothelial Progenitor Cells/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Oxidative Stress/physiology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications ; Wilms Tumor/etiology ; Wilms Tumor/physiopathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2455981-7
    ISSN 1942-0994 ; 1942-0994
    ISSN (online) 1942-0994
    ISSN 1942-0994
    DOI 10.1155/2021/7138800
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Genetic Polymorphisms Complicate COVID-19 Therapy: Pivotal Role of HO-1 in Cytokine Storm.

    Fakhouri, Eddie W / Peterson, Stephen J / Kothari, Janish / Alex, Ragin / Shapiro, Joseph I / Abraham, Nader G

    Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

    2020  Volume 9, Issue 7

    Abstract: Coronaviruses are very large RNA viruses that originate in animal reservoirs and include severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and other inconsequential coronaviruses from human reservoirs like the ... ...

    Abstract Coronaviruses are very large RNA viruses that originate in animal reservoirs and include severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and other inconsequential coronaviruses from human reservoirs like the common cold. SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 and is believed to originate from bat, quickly spread into a global pandemic. This RNA virus has a special affinity for porphyrins. It invades the cell at the angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor and binds to hemoproteins, resulting in a severe systemic inflammatory response, particularly in high ACE-2 organs like the lungs, heart, and kidney, resulting in systemic disease. The inflammatory response manifested by increased cytokine levels and reactive oxygen species results in inhibition of heme oxygenase (HO-1), with a subsequent loss of cytoprotection. This has been seen in other viral illness like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Ebola, and SARS/MERS. There are a number of medications that have been tried with some showing early clinical promise. This illness disproportionately affects patients with obesity, a chronic inflammatory disease with a baseline excess of cytokines. The majority of the medications used in the treatment of COVID-19 are metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, primarily CYP2D6. This is further complicated by genetic polymorphisms of CYP2D6, HO-1, ACE, and ACE-2. There is a potential role for HO-1 upregulation to treat/prevent cytokine storm. Current therapy must focus on antivirals and heme oxygenase upregulation. Vaccine development will be the only magic bullet.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2704216-9
    ISSN 2076-3921
    ISSN 2076-3921
    DOI 10.3390/antiox9070636
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Genetic Polymorphisms Complicate COVID-19 Therapy

    Eddie W. Fakhouri / Stephen J. Peterson / Janish Kothari / Ragin Alex / Joseph I. Shapiro / Nader G. Abraham

    Antioxidants, Vol 9, Iss 636, p

    Pivotal Role of HO-1 in Cytokine Storm

    2020  Volume 636

    Abstract: Coronaviruses are very large RNA viruses that originate in animal reservoirs and include severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and other inconsequential coronaviruses from human reservoirs like the ... ...

    Abstract Coronaviruses are very large RNA viruses that originate in animal reservoirs and include severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and other inconsequential coronaviruses from human reservoirs like the common cold. SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 and is believed to originate from bat, quickly spread into a global pandemic. This RNA virus has a special affinity for porphyrins. It invades the cell at the angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor and binds to hemoproteins, resulting in a severe systemic inflammatory response, particularly in high ACE-2 organs like the lungs, heart, and kidney, resulting in systemic disease. The inflammatory response manifested by increased cytokine levels and reactive oxygen species results in inhibition of heme oxygenase (HO-1), with a subsequent loss of cytoprotection. This has been seen in other viral illness like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Ebola, and SARS/MERS. There are a number of medications that have been tried with some showing early clinical promise. This illness disproportionately affects patients with obesity, a chronic inflammatory disease with a baseline excess of cytokines. The majority of the medications used in the treatment of COVID-19 are metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, primarily CYP2D6. This is further complicated by genetic polymorphisms of CYP2D6, HO-1, ACE, and ACE-2. There is a potential role for HO-1 upregulation to treat/prevent cytokine storm. Current therapy must focus on antivirals and heme oxygenase upregulation. Vaccine development will be the only magic bullet.
    Keywords SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; cytokine storm ; HO-1 ; ACE-2 ; ACE-2R ; Therapeutics. Pharmacology ; RM1-950 ; covid19
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article: Genetic Polymorphisms Complicate COVID-19 Therapy: Pivotal Role of HO-1 in Cytokine Storm

    Fakhouri, Eddie W. / Peterson, Stephen J. / Kothari, Janish / Alex, Ragin / Shapiro, Joseph I. / Abraham, Nader G.

    Antioxidants

    Abstract: Coronaviruses are very large RNA viruses that originate in animal reservoirs and include severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and other inconsequential coronaviruses from human reservoirs like the ... ...

    Abstract Coronaviruses are very large RNA viruses that originate in animal reservoirs and include severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and other inconsequential coronaviruses from human reservoirs like the common cold SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 and is believed to originate from bat, quickly spread into a global pandemic This RNA virus has a special affinity for porphyrins It invades the cell at the angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor and binds to hemoproteins, resulting in a severe systemic inflammatory response, particularly in high ACE-2 organs like the lungs, heart, and kidney, resulting in systemic disease The inflammatory response manifested by increased cytokine levels and reactive oxygen species results in inhibition of heme oxygenase (HO-1), with a subsequent loss of cytoprotection This has been seen in other viral illness like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Ebola, and SARS/MERS There are a number of medications that have been tried with some showing early clinical promise This illness disproportionately affects patients with obesity, a chronic inflammatory disease with a baseline excess of cytokines The majority of the medications used in the treatment of COVID-19 are metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, primarily CYP2D6 This is further complicated by genetic polymorphisms of CYP2D6, HO-1, ACE, and ACE-2 There is a potential role for HO-1 upregulation to treat/prevent cytokine storm Current therapy must focus on antivirals and heme oxygenase upregulation Vaccine development will be the only magic bullet
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #652292
    Database COVID19

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