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Article ; Online: Mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma gene polymorphism is not associated with male infertility.

Poongothai, J

Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics

2013 Volume 30, Issue 9, Page(s) 1109–1114

Abstract: Purpose: CAG repeat length of human miotochondrial DNA Polymerase gamma (POLG) gene is polymorphic with a major allele at 10 repeats and considered as the common allele whereas the mutant alleles (not 10/not 10 CAG repeats) were found to be associated ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: CAG repeat length of human miotochondrial DNA Polymerase gamma (POLG) gene is polymorphic with a major allele at 10 repeats and considered as the common allele whereas the mutant alleles (not 10/not 10 CAG repeats) were found to be associated with oligospermia / oligoasthenospermia in male infertility. To explore whether CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in exon 1 of POLG gene is associated with spermatogenic failure. Methods: One hundred twenty four infertile men (sperm count <20 million/ml) and 60 normozoospermic (sperm count >20 million/ml) control Indian men of Tamil Nadu, were enrolled. DNA was extracted from 10 ml of peripheral blood and from semen using standard procedures. CAG repeat expansion was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. Amplified products were quantified by 2 % agarose gel electrophoresis and subjected to genescan analysis to ascertain the size of POLG-CAG alleles. Results: This analysis interestingly revealed that the common allele 10 (10-CAG repeats) was widespread in infertile and normozoospermic control men with a frequency of 79 % and 71.7 % respectively. No statistical significance was found in POLG genotypic frequency distribution between infertile men and normospermic men. Conclusion: The present study confirmed no association between the POLG gene polymorphism and male infertility. Thus, if associated with infertility, the POLG gene polymorphism should be only considered as a minor possible contributing factor in infertile male patients with no impact on obtaining a pregnancy.
MeSH term(s)	Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; DNA Polymerase gamma ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Humans ; Infertility, Male/genetics ; Male ; Mitochondria/enzymology ; Oligospermia/genetics ; Oligospermia/pathology ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pregnancy ; Reproduction/genetics ; Trinucleotide Repeats/genetics
Chemical Substances	DNA Polymerase gamma (EC 2.7.7.7) ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase (EC 2.7.7.7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-08-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1112577-9
ISSN	1573-7330 ; 1058-0468
ISSN (online)	1573-7330
ISSN	1058-0468
DOI	10.1007/s10815-013-0058-2
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Article ; Online: No CAG repeat expansion of polymerase gamma is associated with male infertility in Tamil Nadu, South India

J Poongothai

Indian Journal of Human Genetics, Vol 19, Iss 3, Pp 320-

2013 Volume 324

Abstract: Mitochondria contains a single deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase, polymerase gamma (POLG) mapped to long arm of chromosome 15 (15q25), responsible for replication and repair of mitochondrial DNA. Exon 1 of the human POLG contains CAG trinucleotide ... ...

Abstract	Mitochondria contains a single deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase, polymerase gamma (POLG) mapped to long arm of chromosome 15 (15q25), responsible for replication and repair of mitochondrial DNA. Exon 1 of the human POLG contains CAG trinucleotide repeat, which codes for polyglutamate. Ten copies of CAG repeat were found to be uniformly high (0.88) in different ethnic groups and considered as the common allele, whereas the mutant alleles (not -10/not -10 CAG repeats) were found to be associated with oligospermia/oligoasthenospermia in male infertility. Recent data suggested the implication of POLG CAG repeat expansion in infertility, but are debated. The aim of our study was to explore whether the not -10/not -10 variant is associated with spermato g enic failure. As few study on Indian population have been conducted so far to support this view, we investigated the distribution of the POLG CAG repeats in 61 infertile men and 60 normozoospermic control Indian men of Tamil Nadu, from the same ethnic background. This analysis interestingly revealed that the homozygous wild type genotype (10/-10) was common in infertile men (77% - 47/61) and in normozoospermic control men (71.7% - 43/60). Our study failed to confirm any influence of the POLG gene polymorphism on the efficiency of the spermatogenesis.
Keywords	Infertility ; normozoospermia ; polymerase gamma ; Genetics ; QH426-470 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: No CAG repeat expansion of polymerase gamma is associated with male infertility in Tamil Nadu, South India.

Poongothai, J

Indian journal of human genetics

2002 Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) 320–324

Abstract	Mitochondria contains a single deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase, polymerase gamma (POLG) mapped to long arm of chromosome 15 (15q25), responsible for replication and repair of mitochondrial DNA. Exon 1 of the human POLG contains CAG trinucleotide repeat, which codes for polyglutamate. Ten copies of CAG repeat were found to be uniformly high (0.88) in different ethnic groups and considered as the common allele, whereas the mutant alleles (not -10/not -10 CAG repeats) were found to be associated with oligospermia/oligoasthenospermia in male infertility. Recent data suggested the implication of POLG CAG repeat expansion in infertility, but are debated. The aim of our study was to explore whether the not -10/not -10 variant is associated with spermatogenic failure. As few study on Indian population have been conducted so far to support this view, we investigated the distribution of the POLG CAG repeats in 61 infertile men and 60 normozoospermic control Indian men of Tamil Nadu, from the same ethnic background. This analysis interestingly revealed that the homozygous wild type genotype (10/-10) was common in infertile men (77% - 47/61) and in normozoospermic control men (71.7% - 43/60). Our study failed to confirm any influence of the POLG gene polymorphism on the efficiency of the spermatogenesis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2002-06-07
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2109167-5
ISSN	1998-362X ; 0971-6866
ISSN (online)	1998-362X
ISSN	0971-6866
DOI	10.4103/0971-6866.120823
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Article ; Online: Determination of environmental radioactivity (238U, 232Th and 40K) and indoor natural background radiation level in Chennai city (Tamilnadu State), India.

Babai, K S / Poongothai, S / Punniyakotti, J

Radiation protection dosimetry

2013 Volume 153, Issue 4, Page(s) 457–466

Abstract: An extensive study on the determination of the natural radioactivity ((238)U, (232)Th and (40)K) levels in soil samples of Chennai city, India has been undertaken and the results of the same are compared with the levels reported in other Indian cities as ...

Abstract	An extensive study on the determination of the natural radioactivity ((238)U, (232)Th and (40)K) levels in soil samples of Chennai city, India has been undertaken and the results of the same are compared with the levels reported in other Indian cities as well as other parts of the world. The radioactivity content in the soil samples, the absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose equivalent, radium equivalent activity, internal and external hazard indices were calculated and compared with UNSCEAR 2000 recommended values. In addition to the above, mapping of indoor natural background gamma radiation levels has been made using thermo luminescent dosemeters throughout Chennai city and the same are reported.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Background Radiation ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; India ; Potassium Radioisotopes/analysis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Seasons ; Soil/analysis ; Soil Pollutants, Radioactive/analysis ; Spectrometry, Gamma ; Thermoluminescent Dosimetry/methods ; Thorium/analysis ; Uranium/analysis
Chemical Substances	Potassium Radioisotopes ; Soil ; Soil Pollutants, Radioactive ; Uranium (4OC371KSTK) ; Thorium (60YU5MIG9W)
Language	English
Publishing date	2013
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	225912-6
ISSN	1742-3406 ; 0144-8420
ISSN (online)	1742-3406
ISSN	0144-8420
DOI	10.1093/rpd/ncs121
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Article ; Online: Comparison of Glycemic Excursion Using Flash Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Before and After Treatment with Voglibose.

Kasthuri, Selvam / Poongothai, Subramani / Anjana, Ranjit Mohan / Selvakumar, Jayvel / Muthukumar, Subramaniam / Kayalvizhi, Sengottuevel / Tariq, Syed / Honey, Evangelin / Gupta, Prasanna Kumar / Venkatesan, Ulagamathesan / Mohan, Viswanathan

Diabetes technology & therapeutics

2021 Volume 23, Issue 3, Page(s) 213–220

Abstract: Purpose: ...

Abstract	Purpose:
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Glucose ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Inositol/analogs & derivatives ; Prospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Inositol (4L6452S749) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2) ; voglibose (S77P977AG8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1452816-2
ISSN	1557-8593 ; 1520-9156
ISSN (online)	1557-8593
ISSN	1520-9156
DOI	10.1089/dia.2019.0484
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Article: Association of depression with common carotid artery intima media thickness and augmentation index in a large Urban South Indian population- The Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES - 138).

Poongothai, Subramani / Pradeepa, Rajendra / Indulekha, Karunakaran / Surendar, Jayagopi / Mohan, Viswanathan

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism

2014 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 136–142

Abstract: Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship of depression with carotid intima media thickness and augmentation index in Asian Indians.: Research design and methods: For this study, 1505 subjects were randomly selected from a population ... ...

Abstract	Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship of depression with carotid intima media thickness and augmentation index in Asian Indians. Research design and methods: For this study, 1505 subjects were randomly selected from a population based study conducted in Chennai, South India. Right common carotid artery intima medial thickness [IMT] was determined using high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography. Augmentation index [AI] was measured using the Sphygmocor apparatus. Depressive symptoms were assessed using a previously validated instrument, the Patient Health Questionnaire -12 (PHQ -12). Results: Of the 1505 subjects included in this study, depressive symptoms were present in 16.6% (n = 250) of the subjects. The mean IMT and AI values among subjects with depression were significantly higher than those without depression [0.83 ± 0.43 mm vs 0.73 ± 0.12 mm, P < 0.001] and IMT was higher in females with depression while AI was higher in males with depression. However, both IMT and AI were higher among those with depression in both genders. In multiple logistic regression model, depressive symptoms were associated with IMT even after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, serum cholesterol and hypertension (Odds ratio [OR] =2.17, 95% Confidence intervals [CI]:1.01- 4.63, P = 0.047) but in the case of AI, the significance was lost in the adjusted model (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.991-1.02, P = 0.445). Conclusion: Among Asian Indians, presence of depressive symptoms was associated with carotid intima media thickness and Augmentation index, even after adjusting for potential confounders.
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-12-14
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2600211-5
ISSN	2230-9500 ; 2230-8210
ISSN (online)	2230-9500
ISSN	2230-8210
DOI	10.4103/2230-8210.146869
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Article: A386G transition in DAZL gene is not associated with spermatogenic failure in Tamil Nadu, South India.

Poongothai, J / Gopenath, T S / Manonayaki, S

Indian journal of human genetics

2010 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 16–19

Abstract: The DAZ-like (DAZL) gene located on the short arm of autosomal chromosome 3 (3p24), an essential master gene for the premeiotic development of male and female germ cells, is the father of the Y-chromosome DAZ gene cluster and encodes for RNA-binding ... ...

Abstract	The DAZ-like (DAZL) gene located on the short arm of autosomal chromosome 3 (3p24), an essential master gene for the premeiotic development of male and female germ cells, is the father of the Y-chromosome DAZ gene cluster and encodes for RNA-binding proteins. Reported instances of positive association of DAZL gene mutations with infertility in men have been found in a Taiwanese population but not in Caucasians. There is no study from Tamil Nadu, South India, to demonstrate the role of DAZL gene in male infertility; we, therefore, analyzed a total of 287 men, including 147 infertile and 140 normozoospermic fertile controls from rural areas of Tamil Nadu, South India, to assess the phenotypic effect of DAZL mutations in this region of the world. Interestingly, all our samples showed absence of the A386G (T54A) mutation that was found to be associated with spermatogenic failure in the Taiwanese population. Therefore, we suggest that the A386G (T54A) mutation is not associated with male infertility in Tamil Nadu, South India.
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-02-04
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2109167-5
ISSN	1998-362X ; 0971-6866
ISSN (online)	1998-362X
ISSN	0971-6866
DOI	10.4103/0971-6866.42322
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Article: Genetics of human male infertility.

Poongothai, J / Gopenath, T S / Manonayaki, S

Singapore medical journal

2009 Volume 50, Issue 4, Page(s) 336–347

Abstract: Infertility is defined as a failure to conceive in a couple trying to reproduce for a period of two years without conception. Approximately 15 percent of couples are infertile, and among these couples, male factor infertility accounts for approximately ... ...

Abstract	Infertility is defined as a failure to conceive in a couple trying to reproduce for a period of two years without conception. Approximately 15 percent of couples are infertile, and among these couples, male factor infertility accounts for approximately 50 percent of causes. Male infertility is a multifactorial syndrome encompassing a wide variety of disorders. In more than half of infertile men, the cause of their infertility is unknown (idiopathic) and could be congenital or acquired. Infertility in men can be diagnosed initially by semen analysis. Seminograms of infertile men may reveal many abnormal conditions, which include azoospermia, oligozoospermia, teratozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, necrospermia and pyospermia. The current estimate is that about 30 percent of men seeking help at the infertility clinic are found to have oligozoospermia or azoospermia of unknown aetiology. Therefore, there is a need to find the cause of infertility. The causes are known in less than half of these cases, out of which genetic or inherited disease and specific abnormalities in the Y chromosome are major factors. About 10-20 percent of males presenting without sperm in the ejaculate carry a deletion of the Y chromosome. This deleted region includes the Azoospermia Factor (AZF) locus, located in the Yq11, which is divided into four recurrently deleted non-overlapping subregions designated as AZFa, AZFb, AZFc and AZFd. Each of these regions may be associated with a particular testicular histology, and several candidate genes have been found within these regions. The Deleted in Azoospermia (DAZ) gene family is reported to be the most frequently deleted AZF candidate gene and is located in the AZFc region. Recently, a partial, novel Y chromosome 1.6-Mb deletion, designated "gr/gr" deletion, has been described specifically in infertile men with varying degrees of spermatogenic failure. The DAZ gene has an autosomal homologue, DAZL (DAZ-Like), on the short arm of the chromosome 3 (3p24) and it is possible that a defective autosomal DAZL may be responsible for the spermatogenic defect. The genetic complexity of the AZF locus on the long arm of the Y chromosome could be revealed only with the development of sequence tagged sites. Random attacks on the naked mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of sperm by reactive oxygen species or free radicals will inevitably cause oxidative damage or mutation to the mitochondrial genome with pathological consequences and lead to infertility in males. The key nuclear enzyme involved in the elongation and repair of mtDNA strands is DNA polymerase gamma, mapped to the long arm of chromosome 15 (15q25), and includes a CAG repeat region. Its mutation affects the adenosine triphosphate production. The introduction of molecular techniques has provided great insight into the genetics of infertility. Yet, our understanding of the genetic causes of male infertility remains limited.
MeSH term(s)	Azoospermia/diagnosis ; Azoospermia/genetics ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 ; Chromosomes, Human, Y/genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA Polymerase gamma ; DNA Repair/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/genetics ; Deleted in Azoospermia 1 Protein ; Genetic Loci ; Humans ; Infertility, Male/diagnosis ; Infertility, Male/genetics ; Male ; Phenotype ; RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Semen Analysis ; Seminal Plasma Proteins/genetics ; Spermatozoa/abnormalities
Chemical Substances	DAZ1 protein, human ; DAZL protein, human ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; Deleted in Azoospermia 1 Protein ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; Seminal Plasma Proteins ; DNA Polymerase gamma (EC 2.7.7.7) ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase (EC 2.7.7.7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-04
Publishing country	Singapore
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	604319-7
ISSN	0037-5675
ISSN	0037-5675
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Article: Why are clinical trials necessary in India?

Poongothai, Subramani / Unnikrishnan, Ranjit / Balasubramanian, Jeyakumar / Nair, Mohan Damodaran / Mohan, Viswanathan

Perspectives in clinical research

2014 Volume 5, Issue 2, Page(s) 55–59

Abstract: Clinical trials are emerging as an important activity in India as it is an essential component of the drug discovery and development program to which India is committed. The only robust way to evaluate a new medicine is by doing properly designed ... ...

Abstract	Clinical trials are emerging as an important activity in India as it is an essential component of the drug discovery and development program to which India is committed. The only robust way to evaluate a new medicine is by doing properly designed clinical trials. In addition to advancing science, clinical trials offer myriad benefits to the participants. The recent hue that created in India about clinical trials is probably an exaggeration of facts. However, these points to the need for ensuring proper compliance with the regulatory norms and proper training of concerned personnel in good clinical practice (GCP). This will ensure that India continues to reap the benefits of clinical trials and also become a world leader in this field.
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-03-27
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2593231-7
ISSN	2229-5488 ; 2229-3485
ISSN (online)	2229-5488
ISSN	2229-3485
DOI	10.4103/2229-3485.128018
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Article: Y chromosome microdeletions in sperm DNA of infertile patients from Tamil Nadu, south India.

Sakthivel, Poongothai J / Swaminathan, Manonayaki

Indian journal of urology : IJU : journal of the Urological Society of India

2009 Volume 24, Issue 4, Page(s) 480–485

Abstract: Context: Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men of Tamil Nadu, South India.: Aim: The paper assesses the association of Y chromosome microdeletions among infertile patients using several STS markers from each AZF (AZoospermic Factor) region and ...

Abstract	Context: Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men of Tamil Nadu, South India. Aim: The paper assesses the association of Y chromosome microdeletions among infertile patients using several STS markers from each AZF (AZoospermic Factor) region and also aspires to determine whether the blood DNA microdeletion picture matches the semen DNA Yq microdeletion map. Materials and methods: A total of 287 men, including 147 infertile men and 140 normozoospermic fertile controls were included for the study. Results: Screening 72 semen samples with the STS markers specific to AZF (a,b,c) regions showed Y chromosome microdeletions in 19 (12.9%) individuals. No deletion was observed in all the three AZF regions by screening 45 blood and 30 paired samples. None of the control men showed deletion for the 28 STS markers, which were used for the primary screening of the deletion of AZF a,b,c regions. Conclusion: Germ cell DNA can be analyzed for Yq microdeletions rather than blood DNA.
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-04-24
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639268-4
ISSN	1998-3824 ; 0970-1591
ISSN (online)	1998-3824
ISSN	0970-1591
DOI	10.4103/0970-1591.44252
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