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Article ; Online: Risk Assessment in Practice

MinKyung Cho / HongSik Yun

Sustainability, Vol 15, Iss 6047, p

A Case Analysis of the Pohang Steel Mill in Korea

2023 Volume 6047

Abstract: In this study, the case of Pohang Steelworks, a national infrastructure leading the Korean steel industry, was analyzed. Pohang Works, which is a national infrastructure and a national core technology, requires continuous operation, so a risk assessment ... ...

Abstract	In this study, the case of Pohang Steelworks, a national infrastructure leading the Korean steel industry, was analyzed. Pohang Works, which is a national infrastructure and a national core technology, requires continuous operation, so a risk assessment is required. The survey involved the participation of 30 safety experts from Pohang Works, and additional interviews were conducted to improve the understanding of the survey results. As a result of the qualitative evaluation, the value of the identified risk was obtained, and the value was variable in probability and damage impact. In addition to being prioritized in order of highest risk, they are also placed according to the size of the risk. As a result, the necessary structural and non-structural treatments were proposed for a total of four hazards. Due to the nature of the qualitative evaluation conducted by internal experts, we were able to confirm that internal experts tend to be very aware of and respond to the risks they often face. It is expected that the objectivity of risk assessment results can be increased by adding quantitative methods in future studies. In addition, it is meaningful in that it practically suggests a treatment that focuses on risk management.
Keywords	risk assessment ; qualitative evaluation ; survey method ; priority ; risk treatment ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	650
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Application of Cartilage Extracellular Matrix to Enhance Therapeutic Efficacy of Methotrexate.

Seo, Jeong-Woo / Jo, Sung-Han / Kim, Seon-Hwa / Choi, Byeong-Hoon / Cho, Hongsik / Yoo, James J / Park, Sang-Hyug

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

2023 Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) 209–221

Abstract: Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by chronic inflammation and joint damage. Methotrexate (MTX), a commonly used disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) used in RA treatment. However, the continued use of DMARDs can cause ... ...

Abstract	Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by chronic inflammation and joint damage. Methotrexate (MTX), a commonly used disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) used in RA treatment. However, the continued use of DMARDs can cause adverse effects and result in limited therapeutic efficacy. Cartilage extracellular matrix (CECM) has anti-inflammatory and anti-vascular effects and promotes stem cell migration, adhesion, and differentiation into cartilage cells. Methods: CECM was assessed the dsDNA, glycosaminoglycan, collagen contents and FT-IR spectrum of CECM. Furthermore, we determined the effects of CECM and MTX on cytocompatibility in the SW 982 cells and RAW 264.7 cells. The anti-inflammatory effects of CECM and MTX were assessed using macrophage cells. Finally, we examined the in vivo effects of CECM in combination with MTX on anti-inflammation control and cartilage degradation in collagen-induced arthritis model. Anti-inflammation control and cartilage degradation were assessed by measuring the serum levels of RA-related cytokines and histology. Results: CECM in combination with MTX had no effect on SW 982, effectively suppressing only RAW 264.7 activity. Moreover, anti-inflammatory effects were enhanced when low-dose MTX was combined with CECM. In a collagen-induced arthritis model, low-dose MTX combined with CECM remarkably reduced RA-related and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the blood. Additionally, low-dose MTX combined with CECM exerted the best cartilage-preservation effects compared to those observed in the other therapy groups. Conclusion: Using CECM as an adjuvant in RA treatment can augment the therapeutic effects of MTX, reduce existing drug adverse effects, and promote joint tissue regeneration.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Methotrexate/pharmacology ; Methotrexate/therapeutic use ; Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Experimental/pathology ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Antirheumatic Agents/pharmacology ; Antirheumatic Agents/therapeutic use ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Cartilage/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Methotrexate (YL5FZ2Y5U1) ; Antirheumatic Agents ; Cytokines ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-14
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2677535-9
ISSN	2212-5469 ; 1738-2696
ISSN (online)	2212-5469
ISSN	1738-2696
DOI	10.1007/s13770-023-00587-0
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Article ; Online: Anti-inflammatory role of TPCA-1 encapsulated nanosomes in porcine chondrocytes against TNF-α stimulation.

Bhatti, Fazal Ur Rehman / Hasty, Karen A / Cho, Hongsik

Inflammopharmacology

2019 Volume 27, Issue 5, Page(s) 1011–1019

Abstract: In this study, we evaluated the hypothesis that immunonanosomes carrying the drug [5-(p-Fluorophenyl)-2-ureido]thiophene-3-carboxamide (TPCA-1) will help in reducing nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB)-associated inflammation in porcine chondrocytes against ... ...

Abstract	In this study, we evaluated the hypothesis that immunonanosomes carrying the drug [5-(p-Fluorophenyl)-2-ureido]thiophene-3-carboxamide (TPCA-1) will help in reducing nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB)-associated inflammation in porcine chondrocytes against tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-induced stress. The nanosomes were tagged with monoclonal anti-type II collagen (MabCII) antibody to specifically target the exposed type II collagen in cartilage matrix. TPCA-1 at a concentration of 10 µM significantly reduced expression of the matrix-degrading enzyme, Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and blocked the p65 nuclear translocation. In comparison to the TPCA-1 solution alone, the TPCA-1 nanosomes were found to be more effective in reducing the cellular toxicity, oxidative stress and inflammation in chondrocytes treated with TNF-α. In addition, TPCA-1 nanosomes were more effective in reducing the gene expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-2alpha (HIF-2α) that in turn is associated with the regulation of MMP-13 gene. TPCA-1 nanosomes significantly reduced expression of both these genes. The data also showed that TPCA-1 did not attenuate the down-regulated gene expression levels of anabolic genes aggrecan (ACAN) and collagen type II alpha (COL2A1). In conclusion, this study showed that TPCA-1 nanosomes carrying a dose of 10 µM TPCA-1 can effectively increase the survival of cultured porcine chondrocytes against TNF-α-induced stress. The findings of this study could be used to develop nanosome-based drug delivery systems (DDSs) for animal model of OA. Moreover, the approach presented here can be further utilized in other studies for targeted delivery of the drug of interest at a cellular level.
MeSH term(s)	Amides/pharmacology ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Chondrocytes/drug effects ; Chondrocytes/metabolism ; Collagen Type II/metabolism ; Down-Regulation/drug effects ; Drug Delivery Systems/methods ; Gene Expression/drug effects ; Inflammation/drug therapy ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 13/metabolism ; Osteoarthritis/drug therapy ; Osteoarthritis/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Swine ; Thiophenes/pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Amides ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; Collagen Type II ; Thiophenes ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 (1B37H0967P) ; 2-((aminocarbonyl)amino)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-thiophenecarboxamide (9M632G86CC) ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 (EC 3.4.24.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1080058-x
ISSN	1568-5608 ; 0925-4692
ISSN (online)	1568-5608
ISSN	0925-4692
DOI	10.1007/s10787-018-0542-5
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Article ; Online: Reducing the carbon footprint of operating rooms through education on the effects of inhalation anesthetics on global warming: A retrospective study.

Park, Eun Ji / Bae, Jaesang / Kim, Jisu / Yoon, Ji-Uk / Do, Wangseok / Yoon, Jung-Pil / Shon, Hong-Sik / Kang, Yerin / Kim, Hee Young / Cho, Ah-Reum

Medicine

2024 Volume 103, Issue 9, Page(s) e37256

Abstract: Environmental concerns, especially global warming, have prompted efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Healthcare systems, including anesthesia practices, contribute to these emissions. Inhalation anesthetics have a significant environmental impact, ...

Abstract	Environmental concerns, especially global warming, have prompted efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Healthcare systems, including anesthesia practices, contribute to these emissions. Inhalation anesthetics have a significant environmental impact, with desflurane being the most concerning because of its high global warming potential. This study aimed to educate anesthesiologists on the environmental impact of inhalation anesthetics and assess changes in awareness and practice patterns, specifically reducing desflurane use. This study included data from patients who underwent surgery under general anesthesia 1 month before and after education on the effects of inhalation anesthetics on global warming. The primary endpoint was a change in inhalational anesthetic use. Secondary endpoints included changes in carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions, driving equivalent, and medical costs. After the education, desflurane use decreased by 50%, whereas sevoflurane use increased by 50%. This shift resulted in a reduction in the overall amount of inhalational anesthetics used. The total CO2e and driving-equivalent values decreased significantly. The cost per anesthesia case decreased, albeit to a lesser extent than expected. Education on the environmental impact of inhalation anesthetics has successfully altered anesthesiologists' practice patterns, leading to reduced desflurane usage. This change has resulted in decreased CO2e emissions and has had a positive effect on mitigating global warming. However, further research is required to assess the long-term impact of such education and the variability in practice patterns across different institutions.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Desflurane ; Retrospective Studies ; Global Warming/prevention & control ; Carbon Footprint ; Isoflurane ; Operating Rooms
Chemical Substances	Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Desflurane (CRS35BZ94Q) ; Isoflurane (CYS9AKD70P)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80184-7
ISSN	1536-5964 ; 0025-7974
ISSN (online)	1536-5964
ISSN	0025-7974
DOI	10.1097/MD.0000000000037256
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Article ; Online: Understanding Early-Stage Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis for Future Prospects of Diagnosis: from Knee to Temporomandibular Joint.

Bhatti, Fazal-Ur-Rehman / Karydis, Anastasios / Lee, Beth S / Deguchi, Toru / Kim, Do-Gyoon / Cho, Hongsik

Current osteoporosis reports

2021 Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) 166–174

Abstract: Purpose of review: Many mechanical load-bearing joints of the body are prone to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), including the knee joint and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Early detection of PTOA can be beneficial in prevention or alleviating ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Many mechanical load-bearing joints of the body are prone to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), including the knee joint and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Early detection of PTOA can be beneficial in prevention or alleviating further progression of the disease. Recent findings: Various mouse models, similar to those used in development of novel diagnosis strategies for early stages of OA, have been proposed to study early PTOA. While many studies have focused on OA and PTOA in the knee joint, early diagnostic methods for OA and PTOA of the TMJ are still not well established. Previously, we showed that fluorescent near-infrared imaging can diagnose inflammation and cartilage damage in mouse models of knee PTOA. Here we propose that the same approach can be used for early diagnosis of TMJ-PTOA. In this review, we present a brief overview of PTOA, application of relevant mouse models, current imaging methods available to examine TMJ-PTOA, and the prospects of near-infrared optical imaging to diagnose early-stage TMJ-OA.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Disease Models, Animal ; Disease Progression ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Mice ; Osteoarthritis/diagnosis ; Osteoarthritis/pathology ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/diagnosis ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/pathology ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/diagnosis ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2186581-4
ISSN	1544-2241 ; 1544-1873
ISSN (online)	1544-2241
ISSN	1544-1873
DOI	10.1007/s11914-021-00661-3
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Article: Characterization of Non-Invasively Induced Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis in Mice.

Bhatti, Fazal-Ur-Rehman / Jeong, Yong-Hoon / Kim, Do-Gyoon / Yi, Ae-Kyung / Brand, David D / Hasty, Karen A / Cho, Hongsik

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 11, Issue 9

Abstract: The pathophysiology of post-traumatic arthritis (PTOA) is not fully understood. This study used non-invasive repetitive mechanical loading (ML) mouse models to study biochemical, biomechanical, and pain-related behavioral changes induced in mice. Mouse ... ...

Abstract	The pathophysiology of post-traumatic arthritis (PTOA) is not fully understood. This study used non-invasive repetitive mechanical loading (ML) mouse models to study biochemical, biomechanical, and pain-related behavioral changes induced in mice. Mouse models reflected the effects of the early stages of PTOA in humans. For the PTOA model, cyclic comprehensive loading (9N) was applied to each mouse's left knee joint. ML-induced biochemical and molecular changes were analyzed after loading completion. Cartilage samples were examined using gene expression analysis. Tissue sections were used in subsequent OA severity scoring. Biomechanical features and pain-related behavior were studied after 24 h and three weeks post-ML sessions to examine the development of PTOA. The loaded left knee joint showed a greater ROS/RNS signal than the right knee, which was not loaded. There was a significant increase in cartilage damage and MMP activity in the mechanically loaded joints relative to non-loaded control knee joints. Similarly, we found a difference in the viscoelastic tangent, which highlights significant changes in mechanical properties. Biochemical analyses revealed significant increases in total NO, caspase-3 activity, H
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704216-9
ISSN	2076-3921
ISSN	2076-3921
DOI	10.3390/antiox11091783
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Article ; Online: Stem Cell Considerations for the Clinician.

Hasty, Karen A / Cho, Hongsik

Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America

2016 Volume 27, Issue 4, Page(s) 855–870

Abstract: Although there is ample evidence that beneficial results can be obtained from the use of mesenchymal stem cells, several questions regarding their use remain to be answered. For many of these questions, preclinical models will be helpful, but the task ... ...

Abstract	"Although there is ample evidence that beneficial results can be obtained from the use of mesenchymal stem cells, several questions regarding their use remain to be answered. For many of these questions, preclinical models will be helpful, but the task of evaluating and implementing these findings for orthopaedic patients falls onto the shoulders of clinical researchers. Evaluation of these questions is a daunting, but such a challenge fits the concept of personalized medicine in today's medicine."
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1196791-2
ISSN	1558-1381 ; 1047-9651
ISSN (online)	1558-1381
ISSN	1047-9651
DOI	10.1016/j.pmr.2016.06.004
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Article ; Online: Prevalence of Internet Gaming Disorder among Korean Adolescents and Associations with Non-psychotic Psychological Symptoms, and Physical Aggression.

Yu, Hongsik / Cho, Jaehee

American journal of health behavior

2016 Volume 40, Issue 6, Page(s) 705–716

Abstract: Objective: We examined the prevalence rates of Internet gaming disorder among South Korean middle school students, the dominant symptoms of Internet gaming disorder, and the interrelationships between such disorder and non-psychotic psychological ... ...

Abstract	Objective: We examined the prevalence rates of Internet gaming disorder among South Korean middle school students, the dominant symptoms of Internet gaming disorder, and the interrelationships between such disorder and non-psychotic psychological symptoms (ie, anxiety, depression, and impulsiveness) and with physical aggression. Methods: Data were collected from a national sample of 2024 students (70.3% gamers; 50.6% boys). Gaming disorder and prevalent symptoms were measured by the 9 diagnostic criteria proposed in DSM-5. Results: Our results showed 5.9% of the sample (boys 10.4%, girls 1.2%) was classified as adolescents with gaming disorder. Meanwhile, 8% (boys 14.2%, girls 5.9%) of the sample was found to be at high risk of gaming disorder. The prevalent symptoms were mood modification, behavioral salience, conflict, withdrawal, and relapse, in that order. A total of 9.2%, 15.1%, and 10.9% of the adolescents with gaming disorder had non-psychotic psychological anxiety, depression, and impulsiveness symptoms, respectively. Nearly 11% of students with Internet gaming disorder had 2 non-psychotic psychological symptoms or more. Conclusion: These results provide supportive empirical evidence that Internet gaming disorder can lead to severe distress and that it can be associated with comorbid symptoms that are relevant to development or continuance of the gaming disorder.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Aggression/psychology ; Anxiety/epidemiology ; Anxiety/psychology ; Behavior, Addictive/epidemiology ; Behavior, Addictive/psychology ; Depression/epidemiology ; Depression/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2016
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1312417-1
ISSN	1945-7359 ; 1087-3244 ; 0147-0353
ISSN (online)	1945-7359
ISSN	1087-3244 ; 0147-0353
DOI	10.5993/AJHB.40.6.3
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Article ; Online: Stem Rot of Gondre Caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2(IV)

Wan-Gyu Kim / Gyo-Bin Lee / Hong-Sik Shim / Weon-Dae Cho

한국균학회지, Vol 51, Iss 2, Pp 141-

2023 Volume 146

Abstract: Stem rot symptoms were observed in Gondre (Cirsium setidens) plants growing in a vinyl greenhouse in Taebaek, Korea during a disease survey in June 2022. The plants presented with dark brown to black rot on the stems at or above the soil line. Severely ... ...

Abstract	Stem rot symptoms were observed in Gondre (Cirsium setidens) plants growing in a vinyl greenhouse in Taebaek, Korea during a disease survey in June 2022. The plants presented with dark brown to black rot on the stems at or above the soil line. Severely diseased plants displayed wilt and blight. Disease incidence among these plants ranged from 1 to 5%. Three isolates of Rhizoctonia sp. were obtained from the stem lesions of diseased plants. All isolates were identified as Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2(IV) based on the morphological and cultural characteristics, results of the anastomosis test, and phylogenetic analysis. The pathogenicity of the isolates to Gondre plants was confirmed using an artificial inoculation test. The lesions induced by the inoculation test were similar to those observed in the investigated vinyl greenhouse. Here, we report a case of R. solani AG-2-2(IV) causing stem rot in Gondre.
Keywords	anastomosis ; gondre ; cirsium setidens ; rhizoctonia solani ag-2-2(iv) ; stem rot ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	The Korean Society of Mycology
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: First Report of Leaf Spot in Fischer's Ragwort Caused by

Gyo-Bin Lee / Hong-Sik Shim / Weon-Dae Cho / Wan-Gyu Kim

Research in Plant Disease, Vol 29, Iss 1, Pp 60-

2023 Volume 63

Abstract: During disease surveys from 2019 to 2021, the authors frequently encountered leaf spot symptoms on Fischer's ragwort plants growing at fields at six locations of Gangwon Province, Korea. The symptoms displayed brown to dark brown, circular or irregular ... ...

Abstract	During disease surveys from 2019 to 2021, the authors frequently encountered leaf spot symptoms on Fischer's ragwort plants growing at fields at six locations of Gangwon Province, Korea. The symptoms displayed brown to dark brown, circular or irregular spots on the plant leaves. The disease surveys at the six locations revealed 1–90% of diseased leaves of the plants. Phoma sp. was dominantly isolated from the diseased leaf lesions. Seven single-spore isolates of the fungus were selected and identified as Didymella ligulariae by investigation of their cultural, morphological, and molecular characteristics. Artificial inoculation test to Fischer's ragwort leaves was conducted with three isolates of D. ligulariae. The inoculation test revealed that the tested isolates cause leaf spot symptoms in the plants similar to the natural ones. The fungal pathogen has never been reported to cause leaf spot in Fischer's ragwort. Leaf spot of Fischer's ragwort caused by D. ligulariae is first reported in this study.
Keywords	fischer's ragwort ; leaf spot ; Agriculture (General) ; S1-972
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hanrimwon Publishing Company
Document type	Article ; Online
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