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  1. Article ; Online: Comprehensive mutation profiling from wastewater in southern Germany extends evidence of circulating SARS-CoV-2 diversity beyond mutations characteristic for Omicron.

    Agrawal, Shelesh / Orschler, Laura / Zachmann, Kira / Lackner, Susanne

    FEMS microbes

    2023  Volume 4, Page(s) xtad006

    Abstract: Tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater is primarily performed by detecting characteristic mutations of the variants. Unlike the Delta variant, the emergence of the Omicron variant and its sublineages as variants of concern has posed a challenge in ... ...

    Abstract Tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater is primarily performed by detecting characteristic mutations of the variants. Unlike the Delta variant, the emergence of the Omicron variant and its sublineages as variants of concern has posed a challenge in using characteristic mutations for wastewater surveillance. In this study, we monitored the temporal and spatial variation of SARS-CoV-2 variants by including all the detected mutations and compared whether limiting the analyses to characteristic mutations for variants like Omicron impact the outcomes. We collected 24-hour composite samples from 15 wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) in Hesse and sequenced 164 wastewater samples with a targeted sequencing approach from September 2021 to March 2022. Our results show that comparing the number of all the mutations against the number of the characteristic mutations reveals a different outcome. A different temporal variation was observed for the ORF1a and S gene. As Omicron became dominant, we observed an increase in the overall number of mutations. Based on the characteristic mutations of the SARS-CoV-2 variants, a decreasing trend for the number of ORF1a and S gene mutations was noticed, though the number of known characteristic mutations in both genes is higher in Omicron than Delta.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2633-6685
    ISSN (online) 2633-6685
    DOI 10.1093/femsmc/xtad006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Characterization and evaluation of waste stabilization pond systems in Namibia

    Jochen Sinn / Shelesh Agrawal / Laura Orschler / Susanne Lackner

    H2Open Journal, Vol 5, Iss 2, Pp 365-

    2022  Volume 378

    Abstract: Waste stabilization ponds (WSP) exist worldwide to treat wastewater, especially in warm climates. They are characterized by simple operation and maintenance and over 50 years many WSP were built in urban communities in Namibia. This study characterized ... ...

    Abstract Waste stabilization ponds (WSP) exist worldwide to treat wastewater, especially in warm climates. They are characterized by simple operation and maintenance and over 50 years many WSP were built in urban communities in Namibia. This study characterized and evaluated nine of these WSP systems in terms of their influent and effluent water quality and compared them with the requirements for water reuse in agriculture. In their current state none of them adhered with the Namibian or the new European reuse standards, especially due to tCOD concentrations above 100 mg/L caused by high algal fractions in the pCOD. The algae related chlorophyll-a concentrations correlated linearly with the pCOD and this correlation can therefore be used to fractionate the tCOD for further judgement. Additionally, microbial community analyses determined the composition of pathogens in the WSP influent and effluent, this helped to assess potential risks and distinguish between potentially toxic and non-toxic cyanobacteria. The EU requirement of less than 1,000 E. coli per 100 mL for fodder crop irrigation was only achieved with one WSP system which was enhanced with additional pre- and post-treatment. This research delivers a first overview of the current situation and can be used as basis to establish possible enhancement measures for existing WSP as well as to investigate possible effluent application in agricultural irrigation. HIGHLIGHTS First systematic evaluation of nine pond systems in Namibia.; All WSP do not fulfill national and international requirements for water reuse with their current design and operation.; High COD due to algae requires adaptations to meet reuse standards.; Acinetobacter were more abundant in the influent and Mycobacterium in the effluent.; EU E. coli-requirement for irrigation of fodder crops is only reached with enhancements.;
    Keywords africa ; algae ; cyanobacteria ; microbial ecology ; pathogens ; waste stabilization ponds ; River ; lake ; and water-supply engineering (General) ; TC401-506 ; Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes ; TD201-500
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher IWA Publishing
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Metatranscriptomic Analysis Reveals SARS-CoV-2 Mutations in Wastewater of the Frankfurt Metropolitan Area in Southern Germany.

    Agrawal, Shelesh / Orschler, Laura / Lackner, Susanne

    Microbiology resource announcements

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 15

    Abstract: We report a sequencing analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in wastewater samples collected in the Frankfurt metropolitan area of Germany. The majority of the detected mutations have been identified only in ... ...

    Abstract We report a sequencing analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in wastewater samples collected in the Frankfurt metropolitan area of Germany. The majority of the detected mutations have been identified only in clinical genomes outside Frankfurt, indicating that the sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater can provide insights into emerging variants in a city.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2576-098X
    ISSN (online) 2576-098X
    DOI 10.1128/MRA.00280-21
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Long-term monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater of the Frankfurt metropolitan area in Southern Germany.

    Agrawal, Shelesh / Orschler, Laura / Lackner, Susanne

    Scientific reports

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 5372

    Abstract: Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a great approach that enables us to comprehensively monitor the community to determine the scale and dynamics of infections in a city, particularly in metropolitan cities with a high population density. Therefore, ... ...

    Abstract Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a great approach that enables us to comprehensively monitor the community to determine the scale and dynamics of infections in a city, particularly in metropolitan cities with a high population density. Therefore, we monitored the time course of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration in raw sewage in the Frankfurt metropolitan area, the European financial center. To determine the SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration in sewage, we continuously collected 24 h composite samples twice a week from two wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influents (Niederrad and Sindlingen) serving the Frankfurt metropolitan area and performed RT-qPCR analysis targeting three genes (N gene, S gene, and ORF1ab gene). In August, a resurgence in the SARS-CoV-2 RNA load was observed, reaching 3 × 10
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/virology ; Cities ; Environmental Monitoring ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Genes, Viral ; Germany ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Sewage/virology ; Time Factors ; Viral Load ; Wastewater/virology ; Water Purification
    Chemical Substances RNA, Viral ; Sewage ; Waste Water
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-84914-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Long-term monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater of the Frankfurt metropolitan area in Southern Germany

    Shelesh Agrawal / Laura Orschler / Susanne Lackner

    Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 7

    Abstract: Abstract Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a great approach that enables us to comprehensively monitor the community to determine the scale and dynamics of infections in a city, particularly in metropolitan cities with a high population density. ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a great approach that enables us to comprehensively monitor the community to determine the scale and dynamics of infections in a city, particularly in metropolitan cities with a high population density. Therefore, we monitored the time course of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration in raw sewage in the Frankfurt metropolitan area, the European financial center. To determine the SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration in sewage, we continuously collected 24 h composite samples twice a week from two wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influents (Niederrad and Sindlingen) serving the Frankfurt metropolitan area and performed RT-qPCR analysis targeting three genes (N gene, S gene, and ORF1ab gene). In August, a resurgence in the SARS-CoV-2 RNA load was observed, reaching 3 × 1013 copies/day, which represented similar levels compared to April with approx. 2 × 1014 copies/day. This corresponds to a continuous increase again in COVID-19 cases in Frankfurt since August, with an average of 28.6 incidences, compared to 28.7 incidences in April. Different temporal dynamics were observed between different sampling points, indicating local dynamics in COVID-19 cases within the Frankfurt metropolitan area. The SARS-CoV-2 RNA load to the WWTP Niederrad ranged from approx. 4 × 1011 to 1 × 1015 copies/day, the load to the WWTP Sindlingen from approx. 1 × 1011 to 2 × 1014 copies/day, which resulted in a preceding increase in these loading in July ahead of the weekly averaged incidences. The study shows that WBE has the potential as an early warning system for SARS-CoV-2 infections and a monitoring system to identify global hotspots of COVID-19.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 910
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Genome Sequencing of Wastewater Confirms the Arrival of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant at Frankfurt Airport but Limited Spread in the City of Frankfurt, Germany, in November 2021.

    Agrawal, Shelesh / Orschler, Laura / Tavazzi, Simona / Greither, Robert / Gawlik, Bernd Manfred / Lackner, Susanne

    Microbiology resource announcements

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 2, Page(s) e0122921

    Abstract: Wastewater-based severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) surveillance of Frankfurt Airport by genome sequencing was used to detect SARS-CoV-2 variants entering the region. In November 2021, we found all characteristic mutations of ... ...

    Abstract Wastewater-based severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) surveillance of Frankfurt Airport by genome sequencing was used to detect SARS-CoV-2 variants entering the region. In November 2021, we found all characteristic mutations of Omicron in wastewater originating from Frankfurt Airport before the first confirmed clinical report from an arriving passenger on 26 November 2021.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2576-098X
    ISSN (online) 2576-098X
    DOI 10.1128/MRA.01229-21
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Membrane aerated biofilm reactors for mainstream partial nitritation/anammox: Experiences using real municipal wastewater.

    Bunse, Philipp / Orschler, Laura / Agrawal, Shelesh / Lackner, Susanne

    Water research X

    2020  Volume 9, Page(s) 100066

    Abstract: This study investigated the potential of Membrane-Aerated Biofilm Reactors (MABRs) for mainstream nitrogen removal via partial nitration/anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). Four laboratory-scale MABRs were operated with real municipal wastewater ... ...

    Abstract This study investigated the potential of Membrane-Aerated Biofilm Reactors (MABRs) for mainstream nitrogen removal via partial nitration/anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). Four laboratory-scale MABRs were operated with real municipal wastewater characterized by low concentrations of nitrogen (varying between 31 and 120 mg-NH
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-9147
    ISSN (online) 2589-9147
    DOI 10.1016/j.wroa.2020.100066
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: WITHDRAWN: Membrane Aerated Biofilm Reactors for mainstream partial nitritation / anammox: Experiences using real municipal wastewater.

    Bunse, Philipp / Orschler, Laura / Agrawal, Shelesh / Lackner, Susanne

    Water research

    2020  Volume 186, Page(s) 116351

    Abstract: The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of a published article,  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wroa.2020.100066. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at ...

    Abstract The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of a published article,  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wroa.2020.100066. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
    MeSH term(s) Biofilms ; Waste Water
    Chemical Substances Waste Water
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 202613-2
    ISSN 1879-2448 ; 0043-1354
    ISSN (online) 1879-2448
    ISSN 0043-1354
    DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116351
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: High-throughput profiling of antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater: comparison between a pond system in Namibia and an activated sludge treatment in Germany.

    Agrawal, Shelesh / Orschler, Laura / Sinn, Jochen / Lackner, Susanne

    Journal of water and health

    2020  Volume 18, Issue 6, Page(s) 867–878

    Abstract: There are increasing concerns about wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) acting as hotspots for antibiotic resistance genes (ARG). However, their role largely depends upon the treatment methods and antibiotics in the wastewater. To better understand these ...

    Abstract There are increasing concerns about wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) acting as hotspots for antibiotic resistance genes (ARG). However, their role largely depends upon the treatment methods and antibiotics in the wastewater. To better understand these influences, we compared the occurrence and fate of ARG between a pond system in a developing country (Namibia) and an advanced WWTP (activated sludge system) in a developed country (Germany). A targeted metagenomic approach was used to investigate the wide-spectrum profiles of ARGs and their co-occurrence patterns at both locations. In total, 93 ARG subtypes were found in the German influent wastewater, 277 in the Namibian influent wastewater. The abundant ARG types found in Namibia and Germany differed, especially for multidrug resistance genes. The differences in occurrence and reduction can help to understand the performance of simple WWTP such as pond systems common in Namibia, where direct contact with wastewater is a potential risk for contamination.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Microbial/genetics ; Genes, Bacterial ; Germany ; Namibia ; Ponds ; Sewage ; Waste Water
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Sewage ; Waste Water
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2123845-5
    ISSN 1996-7829 ; 1477-8920
    ISSN (online) 1996-7829
    ISSN 1477-8920
    DOI 10.2166/wh.2020.018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Targeted metagenomics reveals extensive diversity of the denitrifying community in partial nitritation anammox and activated sludge systems.

    Orschler, Laura / Agrawal, Shelesh / Lackner, Susanne

    Biotechnology and bioengineering

    2020  Volume 118, Issue 1, Page(s) 433–441

    Abstract: The substantial presence of denitrifiers has already been reported in partial nitritation anammox (PNA) systems using the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, but little is known about the phylogenetic diversity based on denitrification pathway functional ... ...

    Abstract The substantial presence of denitrifiers has already been reported in partial nitritation anammox (PNA) systems using the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, but little is known about the phylogenetic diversity based on denitrification pathway functional genes. Therefore, we performed a metagenomic analysis to determine the distribution of denitrification genes and the associated phylogeny in PNA systems and whether a niche separation between PNA and conventional activated sludge (AS) systems exists. The results revealed a distinct abundance pattern of denitrification pathway genes and their association to the microbial species between PNA and AS systems. In contrast, the taxonomic analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene, did not detect notable variability in denitrifying community composition across samples. In general, narG and nosZa2 genes were dominant in all samples. While the potential for different stages of denitrification was redundant, variation in species composition and lack of the complete denitrification gene pool in each species appears to confer niche separation between PNA and AS systems. This study suggests that targeted metagenomics can help to determine the denitrifying microbial composition at a fine-scale resolution while overcoming current biases in quantitative polymerase chain reaction approaches due to a lack of appropriate primers.
    MeSH term(s) Denitrification ; Metagenome ; Metagenomics ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/classification ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Sewage/microbiology
    Chemical Substances RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Sewage
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 280318-5
    ISSN 1097-0290 ; 0006-3592
    ISSN (online) 1097-0290
    ISSN 0006-3592
    DOI 10.1002/bit.27581
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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