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  1. Article ; Online: Systematic reviews: A glossary for public health.

    Haddaway, Neal R / Lotfi, Tamara / Mbuagbaw, Lawrence

    Scandinavian journal of public health

    2022  Volume 51, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–10

    Abstract: Literature reviews are conducted for a range of purposes, from providing an overview or primer of a novel topic, to providing a comprehensive, precise, and accurate estimate of an effect estimate. There is much confusion over nomenclature related to ... ...

    Abstract Literature reviews are conducted for a range of purposes, from providing an overview or primer of a novel topic, to providing a comprehensive, precise, and accurate estimate of an effect estimate. There is much confusion over nomenclature related to literature reviews, with the term 'systematic review' often used to mean any review based on some form of explicit methodology. However, guidance and minimum standards exist for these kinds of robust reviews that are intended to support evidence-informed decision-making, and reviewers must carefully ensure their syntheses are conducted and reported to a high standard if this is their objective. The diversity of names given to reviews is reflected in the diversity of methods used for these evidence syntheses: the result is a general confusion about what is important to ensure a review is fit-for-purpose, and many reviews are labelled as 'systematic reviews' when they do not follow standardised or replicable approaches. Here, we provide a glossary or typology that aims to highlight the importance of the reviewers' objectives in choosing and naming their review method. We focus on reviews in public health and provide guidance on selecting an objective, methodological guidance to follow, justifying and reporting the methods chosen, and attempting to ensure consistent and clear nomenclature. We hope this will help review authors, editors, peer-reviewers, and readers understand, interpret, and critique a review depending on its intended use.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Public Health ; Systematic Reviews as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-09
    Publishing country Sweden
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1475054-5
    ISSN 1651-1905 ; 1403-4948
    ISSN (online) 1651-1905
    ISSN 1403-4948
    DOI 10.1177/14034948221074998
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Challenges of evidence synthesis during the 2020 COVID pandemic: a scoping review.

    Khalil, Hanan / Tamara, Lotfi / Rada, Gabriel / Akl, Elie A

    Journal of clinical epidemiology

    2021  Volume 142, Page(s) 10–18

    Abstract: Aim: The objectives of this scoping review are to identify the challenges to conducting evidence synthesis during the COVID-19 pandemic and to propose some recommendations addressing the identified gaps.: Methods: A scoping review methodology was ... ...

    Abstract Aim: The objectives of this scoping review are to identify the challenges to conducting evidence synthesis during the COVID-19 pandemic and to propose some recommendations addressing the identified gaps.
    Methods: A scoping review methodology was followed to map the literature published on the challenges and solutions of conducting evidence synthesis using the Joanna Briggs Methodology of performing scoping review. We searched several databases from the start of the Pandemic in December 2019 until 10th June 2021.
    Results: A total of 28 publications was included in the review. The challenges cited in the included studies have been categorised into four distinct but interconnected themes including: upstream, Evidence synthesis, downstream and contextual challenges. These challenges have been further refined into issues with primary studies, databases, team capacity, process, resources, and context. Several proposals to improve the above challenges included: transparency in primary studies registration and reporting, establishment of online platforms that enables collaboration, data sharing and searching, the use of computable evidence and coordination of efforts at an international level.
    Conclusion: This review has highlighted the importance of including artificial intelligence, a framework for international collaboration and a sustained funding model to address many of the shortcomings and ensure we are ready for similar challenges in the future.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Databases, Bibliographic ; Evidence-Based Practice ; Guidelines as Topic/standards ; Humans ; Information Dissemination ; Research Report/standards
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 639306-8
    ISSN 1878-5921 ; 0895-4356
    ISSN (online) 1878-5921
    ISSN 0895-4356
    DOI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.10.017
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Future of Evidence Ecosystem Series: Evidence synthesis 2.0: when systematic, scoping, rapid, living, and overviews of reviews come together.

    Akl, Elie A / Haddaway, Neal R / Rada, Gabriel / Lotfi, Tamara

    Journal of clinical epidemiology

    2020  Volume 123, Page(s) 162–165

    MeSH term(s) Ecosystem ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Research Design
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 639306-8
    ISSN 1878-5921 ; 0895-4356
    ISSN (online) 1878-5921
    ISSN 0895-4356
    DOI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.01.025
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Parenting a High and Growing Population of Youth in the Arab Region: A Scoping Review for an Evidence-Informed Research Agenda.

    Ghandour, Lilian A / Anouti, Sirine / Lotfi, Tamara / Meho, Lokman / Kashash, Rima / Al-Akkawi, Alaa / Majed, AlZahraa / Akl, Elie / Afifi, Rima A

    The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine

    2024  

    Abstract: The Arab region is experiencing the largest youth cohort in its history. Parental influence is a clear factor in the well-being of this demographic. This scoping review serves as the first consolidated synthesis of existing research on parenting in the ... ...

    Abstract The Arab region is experiencing the largest youth cohort in its history. Parental influence is a clear factor in the well-being of this demographic. This scoping review serves as the first consolidated synthesis of existing research on parenting in the Arab world, aimed at identifying research gaps and informing future research agendas. Searches of 18 databases resulted in 4,758 records (1995-2018) in all languages. Using Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework, eligible studies (n = 152) underwent duplicate data abstraction. An evidence gap map was developed using 3i.e.'s platform. Studies were mostly published in English (88%), and lead authors' affiliations were mostly from Arab institutions. Included studies were mostly cross-sectional (89%), quantitative (96%), conducted in a school/university (83%), and surveyed children and adolescents (70%). Most studies (79%) examined parenting influences on youth outcomes. Fewer examined parenting measurement (30%) or evaluated interventions (1%). Mental health and school performance were the most commonly investigated outcomes. The evidence gap map allows researchers who study youth in the Arab world to efficiently and visually delineate the gaps and strategically prioritize research needs. Future studies should employ robust mixed methods study designs, focus on evaluation and psychometric research, engage youth in the research process and explore a more diverse set of outcomes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1063374-1
    ISSN 1879-1972 ; 1054-139X
    ISSN (online) 1879-1972
    ISSN 1054-139X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.02.033
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: The Impact of Colonization by Multi Drug Resistant Bacteria on Graft Survival, Risk of Infection, and Mortality in Recipients of Solid Organ Transplant: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

    Almohaya, Abdulellah / Fersovich, Jordana / Weyant, R Benson / Fernández García, Oscar A / Campbell, Sandra M / Doucette, Karen / Lotfi, Tamara / Abraldes, Juan G / Cervera, Carlos / Kabbani, Dima

    Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: The Global increase in colonization by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria poses a significant concern. The precise impact of MDR colonization in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) remains not well established.: Objectives: Assess ... ...

    Abstract Background: The Global increase in colonization by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria poses a significant concern. The precise impact of MDR colonization in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) remains not well established.
    Objectives: Assess the impact of MDR colonization on SOTR's mortality, infection, or graft-loss.
    Methods: .
    Data source: Data from PROSPERO, OVID Medline, Ovid EMBASE, Wiley Cochrane Library, ProQuest Dissertations, Theses Global, and SCOPUS, were systematically reviewed spanning from inception until March 20, 2023. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022290011) and followed the PRISMA guidelines. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA, PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS, AND ASSESSMENT OF RISK OF BIAS: Cohorts and case-control studies that reported on adult SOTR colonized by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus-aureus (MRSA), Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE), Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) or carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), or MDR-Pseudomonas, and compared to non-colonized, were included. Two reviewers assessed eligibility, conducted risk of bias evaluation using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, and rated certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach.
    Methods of data synthesis: We employed RevMan for a meta-analysis using random-effects models to compute pooled odds-ratios (OR) and 95% confidence-intervals (CI). Statistical heterogeneity was determined using the I
    Results: 15,202 SOTR (33 cohort, 6 case-control studies) were included, where Liver transplant and VRE colonization (25 and 14 studies) were predominant. MDR colonization significantly increased post-transplant one-year mortality (OR= 2.35, 95%CI 1.63-3.38) and mixed-infections (OR=10.74, 95%CI 7.56-12.26) across transplant types (p<0.001 and I
    Conclusions: MDR colonization in SOTR, particularly CRE, is associated with increased mortality. Despite the low certainty of evidence, actions for preventing MDR colonization in transplant candidates are warranted.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1328418-6
    ISSN 1469-0691 ; 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    ISSN (online) 1469-0691
    ISSN 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmi.2024.03.036
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

    Ammous, Omar / Feki, Walid / Lotfi, Tamara / Khamis, Assem M / Gosselink, Rik / Rebai, Ahmed / Kammoun, Samy

    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    2023  Volume 1, Page(s) CD013778

    Abstract: Background: Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) aims to improve respiratory muscle strength and endurance. Clinical trials used various training protocols, devices and respiratory measurements to check the effectiveness of this intervention. The current ... ...

    Abstract Background: Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) aims to improve respiratory muscle strength and endurance. Clinical trials used various training protocols, devices and respiratory measurements to check the effectiveness of this intervention. The current guidelines reported a possible advantage of IMT, particularly in people with respiratory muscle weakness. However, it remains unclear to what extent IMT is clinically beneficial, especially when associated with pulmonary rehabilitation (PR).   OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as a stand-alone intervention and when combined with pulmonary rehabilitation (PR).
    Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Airways trials register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) EBSCO, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform on 20 October 2021. We also checked reference lists of all primary studies and review articles.
    Selection criteria: We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared IMT in combination with PR versus PR alone and IMT versus control/sham. We included different types of IMT irrespective of the mode of delivery. We excluded trials that used resistive devices without controlling the breathing pattern or a training load of less than 30% of maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax), or both.
    Data collection and analysis: We used standard methods recommended by Cochrane including assessment of risk of bias with RoB 2. Our primary outcomes were dyspnea, functional exercise capacity and health-related quality of life.  MAIN RESULTS: We included 55 RCTs in this review. Both IMT and PR protocols varied significantly across the trials, especially in training duration, loads, devices, number/ frequency of sessions and the PR programs. Only eight trials were at low risk of bias. PR+IMT versus PR We included 22 trials (1446 participants) in this comparison. Based on a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of -1 unit, we did not find an improvement in dyspnea assessed with the Borg scale at submaximal exercise capacity (mean difference (MD) 0.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.42 to 0.79; 2 RCTs, 202 participants; moderate-certainty evidence).   We also found no improvement in dyspnea assessed with themodified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (mMRC) according to an MCID between -0.5 and -1 unit (MD -0.12, 95% CI -0.39 to 0.14; 2 RCTs, 204 participants; very low-certainty evidence).  Pooling evidence for the 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) showed an increase of 5.95 meters (95% CI -5.73 to 17.63; 12 RCTs, 1199 participants; very low-certainty evidence) and failed to reach the MCID of 26 meters. In subgroup analysis, we divided the RCTs according to the training duration and mean baseline PImax. The test for subgroup differences was not significant. Trials at low risk of bias (n = 3) demonstrated a larger effect estimate than the overall. The summary effect of the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) revealed an overall total score below the MCID of 4 units (MD 0.13, 95% CI -0.93 to 1.20; 7 RCTs, 908 participants; low-certainty evidence).  The summary effect of COPD Assessment Test (CAT) did not show an improvement in the HRQoL (MD 0.13, 95% CI -0.80 to 1.06; 2 RCTs, 657 participants; very low-certainty evidence), according to an MCID of -1.6 units.  Pooling the RCTs that reported PImax showed an increase of 11.46 cmH
    Authors' conclusions: IMT may not improve dyspnea, functional exercise capacity and life quality when associated with PR. However, IMT is likely to improve these outcomes when provided alone. For both interventions, a larger effect in participants with respiratory muscle weakness and with longer training durations is still to be confirmed.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Dyspnea/rehabilitation ; Muscles ; Physical Therapy Modalities ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy ; Quality of Life ; Breathing Exercises
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ISSN 1469-493X
    ISSN (online) 1469-493X
    DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD013778.pub2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Getting trustworthy guidelines into the hands of decision-makers and supporting their consideration of contextual factors for implementation globally: recommendation mapping of COVID-19 guidelines.

    Lotfi, Tamara / Stevens, Adrienne / Akl, Elie A / Falavigna, Maicon / Kredo, Tamara / Mathew, Joseph L / Schünemann, Holger J

    Journal of clinical epidemiology

    2021  Volume 135, Page(s) 182–186

    Abstract: Published research on COVID-19 is increasing rapidly and integrated in guidelines. The trustworthiness of guidelines can vary depending on the methods used to assemble and evaluate the evidence, the completeness and transparency of reporting on the ... ...

    Abstract Published research on COVID-19 is increasing rapidly and integrated in guidelines. The trustworthiness of guidelines can vary depending on the methods used to assemble and evaluate the evidence, the completeness and transparency of reporting on the process undertaken and how conflicts of interest are addressed. With a global consortium of partners and collaborators, we have created a catalogue of COVID-19 recommendations as our direct response to the increased need for structured access to high quality guidance in the field. The COVID19 map of recommendations and gateway to contextualization (https://covid19.recmap.org) is a living project: emerging guideline literature is added on an ongoing basis, allowing granular access to individual recommendations. Building on prior work on mapping recommendations for the World Health Organization tuberculosis guidelines, a novel feature of this map is the self-directed contextualization of the recommendations using the GRADE-Adolopment approach to adopt, adapt or synthesize de novo recommendations for context specific questions. Through our map, stakeholders access the evidence underpinning a recommendation, select what needs to be contextualized and go through the steps of development of adapted recommendations. This one-stop shop portal of evidence-informed recommendations, built with intuitive functionalities, easy to navigate and with a support team ready to guide users across the maps, represents a long-needed tool for decision-makers, guideline developers and the public at large.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/therapy ; Decision Making ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Internationality ; Practice Guidelines as Topic/standards ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639306-8
    ISSN 1878-5921 ; 0895-4356
    ISSN (online) 1878-5921
    ISSN 0895-4356
    DOI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.03.034
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: A multimethods randomized trial found that plain language versions improved parents' understanding of health recommendations.

    Elliott, Sarah A / Scott, Shannon D / Charide, Rana / Patterson-Stallwood, Lisa / Sayfi, Shahab / Motilall, Ashley / Baba, Ami / Lotfi, Tamara / Suvada, Jozef / Klugar, Miloslav / Kredo, Tamara / Mathew, Joseph L / Richards, Dawn P / Butcher, Nancy J / Offringa, Martin / Pottie, Kevin / Schünemann, Holger J / Hartling, Lisa

    Journal of clinical epidemiology

    2023  Volume 161, Page(s) 8–19

    Abstract: Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of plain language compared with standard language versions of COVID-19 recommendations specific to child health.: Study design and setting: Pragmatic, allocation-concealed, blinded, superiority randomized ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of plain language compared with standard language versions of COVID-19 recommendations specific to child health.
    Study design and setting: Pragmatic, allocation-concealed, blinded, superiority randomized controlled trial with nested qualitative component. Trial was conducted online, internationally. Parents or legal guardians (≥18 years) of a child (<18 years) were eligible. Participants were randomized to receive a plain language recommendation (PLR) or standard (SLV) verison of a COVID-19 recommendation specific to child health. Primary outcome was understanding. Secondary outcomes included: preference, accessibility, usability, satisfaction, and intended behavior. Interviews explored perceptions and preferences for each format.
    Results: Between July and August 2022, 295 parents were randomized; 241 (81.7%) completed the study (intervention n = 121, control n = 120). Mean understanding scores were significantly different between groups (PLR 3.96 [standard deviation (SD) 2.02], SLV 3.33 [SD 1.88], P = 0.014). Overall participants preferred the PLR version: mean rating 5.05/7.00 (95% CI 4.81, 5.29). Interviews (n = 12 parents) highlighted their preference for the PLR and provided insight on elements to enhance future knowledge mobilization of health recommendations.
    Conclusion: Compared to SLVs, parents preferred PLRs and better understood the recommendation. Guideline developers should strive to use plain language to increase understanding, uptake, and implementation of evidence by the public.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; COVID-19 ; Data Collection ; Language ; Parents ; Adolescent ; Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639306-8
    ISSN 1878-5921 ; 0895-4356
    ISSN (online) 1878-5921
    ISSN 0895-4356
    DOI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2023.06.018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Update Alert 2: Ventilation Techniques and Risk for Transmission of Coronavirus Disease, Including COVID-19.

    Thomas, Rebecca / Lotfi, Tamara / Morgano, Gian Paolo / Darzi, Andrea / Reinap, Marge

    Annals of internal medicine

    2020  Volume 173, Issue 11, Page(s) W152–W153

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Coronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Disease ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 336-0
    ISSN 1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
    ISSN (online) 1539-3704
    ISSN 0003-4819
    DOI 10.7326/L20-1211
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Open synthesis and the coronavirus pandemic in 2020.

    Haddaway, Neal R / Akl, Elie A / Page, Matthew J / Welch, Vivian A / Keenan, Ciara / Lotfi, Tamara

    Journal of clinical epidemiology

    2020  Volume 126, Page(s) 184–191

    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; Research Design ; Review Literature as Topic ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 639306-8
    ISSN 1878-5921 ; 0895-4356
    ISSN (online) 1878-5921
    ISSN 0895-4356
    DOI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.06.032
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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