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Article ; Online: Geography and environment

Karen Bickerstaff / Christopher Darvill / Laurie Parsons / Le Yu

Geo: Geography and Environment, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp n/a-n/a (2023)

A time of change

2023

Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 ; Geography (General) ; G1-922
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Microplastic trapping efficiency and hydrodynamics in model coral reefs: A physical experimental investigation.

Mendrik, Freija / Houseago, Robert C / Hackney, Christopher R / Parsons, Daniel R

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

2023 Volume 342, Page(s) 123094

Abstract: Coastal ecosystems, such as coral reefs, are vulnerable to microplastic pollution input from proximal riverine and shoreline sources. However, deposition, retention, and transport processes are largely unevaluated, especially in relation to hydrodynamics. ...

Abstract	Coastal ecosystems, such as coral reefs, are vulnerable to microplastic pollution input from proximal riverine and shoreline sources. However, deposition, retention, and transport processes are largely unevaluated, especially in relation to hydrodynamics. For the first time, we experimentally investigate the retention of biofilmed microplastic by branching 3D printed corals (staghorn coral Acropora genus) under various unidirectional flows (U = {0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30} ms
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Coral Reefs ; Microplastics ; Ecosystem ; Plastics ; Hydrodynamics ; Anthozoa
Chemical Substances	Microplastics ; Plastics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123094
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Article ; Online: Impact of accumulating risk factors on the incidence of dislocation after primary reverse total shoulder arthroplasty using a medial glenoid-lateral humerus onlay prosthesis.

Parsons, Moby / Elwell, Josie / Muh, Stephanie / Wright, Thomas / Flurin, Pierre / Zuckerman, Joseph / Roche, Christopher

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery

2024

Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was to facilitate preoperative identification of patients at risk for dislocation after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) using the Equinoxe rTSA prosthesis (medialized glenoid, lateralized onlay humerus with a ...

Abstract	Background: The aim of this study was to facilitate preoperative identification of patients at risk for dislocation after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) using the Equinoxe rTSA prosthesis (medialized glenoid, lateralized onlay humerus with a 145° neck-shaft angle) and quantify the impact of accumulating risk factors on the occurrence of dislocation. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 10,023 primary rTSA patients from an international multicenter database of a single platform shoulder prosthesis and quantified the dislocation rate associated with multiple combinations of previously identified risk factors. To adapt our statistical results for prospective identification of patients most at-risk for dislocation, we stratified our data set by multiple risk factor combinations and calculated the odds ratio for each cohort to quantify the impact of accumulating risk factors on dislocation. Results: Of the 10,023 primary rTSA patients, 136 (52 female, 83 male, 1 unknown) were reported to have a dislocation for a rate of 1.4%. Patients with zero risk factors were rare, where only 12.7% of patients (1268 of 10,023) had no risk factors, and only 0.5% of these (6 of 1268) had a report of dislocation. The dislocation rate increased in patient cohorts with an increasing number of risk factors. Specifically, the dislocation rate increased from 0.9% for a patient cohort with 1 risk factor to 1.0% for 2 risk factors, 1.6% for 3 risk factors, 2.7% for 4 risk factors, 5.3% for 5 risk factors, and 7.3% for 6 risk factors. Stratifying dislocation rate by multiple risk factor combinations identified numerous cohorts with either an elevated risk or a diminished risk for dislocation. Discussion: This multicenter study of 10,023 rTSA patients demonstrated that 1.4% of the patients experienced dislocation with one specific medialized glenoid-lateralized humerus onlay rTSA prosthesis. Stratifying patients by multiple combinations of risk factors demonstrated the impact of accumulating risk factors on the incidence of dislocation. rTSA patients with the greatest risk of dislocation were those of male sex, age ≤67 years at the time of surgery, patients with body mass index ≥31, patients who received cemented humeral stems, patients who received glenospheres having a diameter >40 mm, and/or patients who received expanded or laterally offset glenospheres. Patients with these risk factors who are considering rTSA using a medial glenoid-lateral humerus should be made aware of their elevated dislocation risk profile.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1170782-3
ISSN	1532-6500 ; 1058-2746
ISSN (online)	1532-6500
ISSN	1058-2746
DOI	10.1016/j.jse.2023.12.017
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Zs.A 3973: Show issues

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Article: Glenosphere Size Does Not Matter in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Patel, Akshar V / White, Christopher A / Li, Troy / Parsons, Bradford O / Flatow, Evan L / Cagle, Paul J

Revista brasileira de ortopedia

2024 Volume 59, Issue 2, Page(s) e254–e259

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Objective
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-10
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2411301-3
ISSN	1982-4378 ; 0102-3616
ISSN (online)	1982-4378
ISSN	0102-3616
DOI	10.1055/s-0043-1770976
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Article ; Online: Refugees, trade, and FDI.

Bahar, Dany / Parsons, Christopher / Vézina, Pierre-Louis

Oxford review of economic policy

2022 Volume 38, Issue 3, Page(s) 487–513

Abstract: Humanitarian policies aimed at welcoming forced migrants may yield unexpected economic dividends. This article focuses on the trade and investment links forged by refugees between their countries of resettlement and the origins they fled. We document how ...

Abstract	Humanitarian policies aimed at welcoming forced migrants may yield unexpected economic dividends. This article focuses on the trade and investment links forged by refugees between their countries of resettlement and the origins they fled. We document how such immigrant-links differ in the case of refugees, focusing on why their opportunity sets might differ and the difficulties in establishing economic connections against a backdrop of civil conflict and political unrest. We conclude by discussing a range of policies aimed at engaging refugee diasporas to foster development at refugees' origins.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1467501-8
ISSN	1460-2121 ; 0266-903X
ISSN (online)	1460-2121
ISSN	0266-903X
DOI	10.1093/oxrep/grac022
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Article: Automatic segmentation of hemorrhagic transformation on follow-up non-contrast CT after acute ischemic stroke.

Sun, Jiacheng / Werdiger, Freda / Blair, Christopher / Chen, Chushuang / Yang, Qing / Bivard, Andrew / Lin, Longting / Parsons, Mark

Frontiers in neuroinformatics

2024 Volume 18, Page(s) 1382630

Abstract: Background: Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) following reperfusion therapies is a serious complication for patients with acute ischemic stroke. Segmentation and quantification of hemorrhage provides critical insights into patients' condition and aids in ... ...

Abstract	Background: Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) following reperfusion therapies is a serious complication for patients with acute ischemic stroke. Segmentation and quantification of hemorrhage provides critical insights into patients' condition and aids in prognosis. This study aims to automatically segment hemorrhagic regions on follow-up non-contrast head CT (NCCT) for stroke patients treated with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). Methods: Patient data were collected from 10 stroke centers across two countries. We propose a semi-automated approach with adaptive thresholding methods, eliminating the need for extensive training data and reducing computational demands. We used Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) and Lin's Concordance Correlation Coefficient (Lin's CCC) to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. Results: A total of 51 patients were included, with 28 Type 2 hemorrhagic infarction (HI2) cases and 23 parenchymal hematoma (PH) cases. The algorithm achieved a mean DSC of 0.66 ± 0.17. Notably, performance was superior for PH cases (mean DSC of 0.73 ± 0.14) compared to HI2 cases (mean DSC of 0.61 ± 0.18). Lin's CCC was 0.88 (95% CI 0.79-0.93), indicating a strong agreement between the algorithm's results and the ground truth. In addition, the algorithm demonstrated excellent processing time, with an average of 2.7 s for each patient case. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to perform automated segmentation of post-treatment hemorrhage for acute stroke patients and evaluate the performance based on the radiological severity of HT. This rapid and effective tool has the potential to assist with predicting prognosis in stroke patients with HT after EVT.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2452979-5
ISSN	1662-5196
ISSN	1662-5196
DOI	10.3389/fninf.2024.1382630
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Article ; Online: Bronchoconstriction damages airway epithelia by crowding-induced excess cell extrusion.

Bagley, Dustin C / Russell, Tobias / Ortiz-Zapater, Elena / Stinson, Sally / Fox, Kristina / Redd, Polly F / Joseph, Merry / Deering-Rice, Cassandra / Reilly, Christopher / Parsons, Maddy / Brightling, Christopher / Rosenblatt, Jody

Science (New York, N.Y.)

2024 Volume 384, Issue 6691, Page(s) 66–73

Abstract: Asthma is deemed an inflammatory disease, yet the defining diagnostic feature is mechanical bronchoconstriction. We previously discovered a conserved process called cell extrusion that drives homeostatic epithelial cell death when cells become too ... ...

Abstract	Asthma is deemed an inflammatory disease, yet the defining diagnostic feature is mechanical bronchoconstriction. We previously discovered a conserved process called cell extrusion that drives homeostatic epithelial cell death when cells become too crowded. In this work, we show that the pathological crowding of a bronchoconstrictive attack causes so much epithelial cell extrusion that it damages the airways, resulting in inflammation and mucus secretion in both mice and humans. Although relaxing the airways with the rescue treatment albuterol did not affect these responses, inhibiting live cell extrusion signaling during bronchoconstriction prevented all these features. Our findings show that bronchoconstriction causes epithelial damage and inflammation by excess crowding-induced cell extrusion and suggest that blocking epithelial extrusion, instead of the ensuing downstream inflammation, could prevent the feed-forward asthma inflammatory cycle.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Asthma/pathology ; Asthma/physiopathology ; Bronchoconstriction/drug effects ; Inflammation/pathology ; Signal Transduction ; Ion Channels/antagonists & inhibitors ; Lysophospholipids/antagonists & inhibitors ; Sphingosine/analogs & derivatives ; Sphingosine/antagonists & inhibitors ; Bronchi/pathology ; Bronchi/physiopathology
Chemical Substances	Ion Channels ; Piezo1 protein, mouse ; sphingosine 1-phosphate (26993-30-6) ; Lysophospholipids ; Sphingosine (NGZ37HRE42)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.adk2758
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Zs.A 27: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Same day discharge colon surgery: is it financially worth it?

Curfman, Karleigh R / Blair, Gabrielle E / Kosnik, Callan L / Pille, Sunshine A / Parsons, Michael E / Shah, Chirag A / Neighorn, Christopher C / Rashidi, Laila

Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland

2024 Volume 26, Issue 4, Page(s) 669–674

Abstract: Aim: Same day discharge (SDD) for colorectal surgery shows increasing promise in the era of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols and minimally invasive surgery. It has become increasingly relevant due to the constraints posed by the COVID-19 ... ...

Abstract	Aim: Same day discharge (SDD) for colorectal surgery shows increasing promise in the era of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols and minimally invasive surgery. It has become increasingly relevant due to the constraints posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to compare SDD and postoperative day 1 (POD1) discharge to understand the clinical outcomes and financial impact on factors such as cost, charge, revenue, contribution margin and readmission. Method: A retrospective review of colectomies was performed at a single institution over a 2-year period (n = 143). Two populations were identified: SDD (n = 51) and POD1 (n = 92). Patients were selected by International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems-10 (ICD-10) and Diagnosis Related Grouper (DRG) codes. Results: There was a statistically significant difference favouring SDD in total hospital cost (p < 0.0001), average direct costs (p < 0.0001) and average charges (p < 0.0016). SDD average hospital costs were $8699 (values in USD throughout) compared with $11 652 for POD 1 (p < 0.0001), and average SDD hospital charges were $85 506 compared with $97 008 for POD1 (p < 0.0016). The net revenue for SDD was $22 319 while for POD1 it was $26 173 (p = 0.14). Upon comparison of contribution margins (SDD $13 620 vs. POD1 $14 522), the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.73). There were no identified statistically significant differences in operating room time, robotic console time, readmission rates or surgical complications. Conclusions: Amidst the pandemic-related constraints, we found that SDD was associated with lower hospital costs and comparable contribution margins compared with POD1. Additionally, the study was unable to identify any significant difference between operating time, readmissions, and surgical complications when performing SDD.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Patient Discharge/statistics & numerical data ; Patient Discharge/economics ; Female ; Male ; Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data ; Patient Readmission/economics ; Middle Aged ; Colectomy/economics ; Colectomy/methods ; COVID-19/economics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Aged ; Hospital Costs/statistics & numerical data ; Length of Stay/economics ; Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data ; Hospital Charges/statistics & numerical data ; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures/economics ; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Enhanced Recovery After Surgery ; Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Comparative Study
ZDB-ID	1440017-0
ISSN	1463-1318 ; 1462-8910
ISSN (online)	1463-1318
ISSN	1462-8910
DOI	10.1111/codi.16916
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Article: Predictors of Positive Outcomes and a Scoring System to Guide Management After Fasciotomy for Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome.

Trew, Christopher A J / Kocialkowski, Cezary / Parsons, Tom / Barton, Tristan

Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine

2022 Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) 23259671221101328

Abstract: Background: Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) of the lower limb usually responds well to fasciotomy in patients with failed nonoperative treatment. Careful history taking and compartment pressure testing are both required to accurately ... ...

Abstract	Background: Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) of the lower limb usually responds well to fasciotomy in patients with failed nonoperative treatment. Careful history taking and compartment pressure testing are both required to accurately diagnose CECS. Purposes: To evaluate patients with CECS after fasciotomy to establish predictive criteria of positive outcomes and to develop a scoring system to aid clinicians in their management of such patients. Study design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We reviewed data from 28 patients who underwent fasciotomy between 2017 and 2019. All patients had undergone preoperative dynamic intracompartmental pressure (ICP) monitoring. For each patient, subjective preoperative and postoperative pain scores were gained via a questionnaire. The point biserial and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to calculate the association between multiple diagnostic criteria and a reduction in visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores after fasciotomy. Results: A reduction in VAS pain scores was strongly correlated with a peak ICP >40 mm Hg ( Conclusion: We identified diagnostic criteria in the history and examination of patients with CECS that can be used to help predict positive outcomes after fasciotomy. We propose a scoring system to aid clinicians in their management of such patients. We recommend taking these results forward in prospective trials to test the efficacy of predictive scoring.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2706251-X
ISSN	2325-9671
ISSN	2325-9671
DOI	10.1177/23259671221101328
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Article ; Online: Changes in parental sleep from pregnancy to postpartum: A meta-analytic review of actigraphy studies.

Parsons, Leo / Howes, Abby / Jones, Christopher A / Surtees, Andrew D R

Sleep medicine reviews

2022 Volume 68, Page(s) 101719

Abstract: Sleep changes in new parents are widely observed but there is no extant meta-analysis of changes to sleep parameters in this group. We completed a meta-analysis of changes in actigraphy-measured parent sleep between pregnancy and the end of the first ... ...

Abstract	Sleep changes in new parents are widely observed but there is no extant meta-analysis of changes to sleep parameters in this group. We completed a meta-analysis of changes in actigraphy-measured parent sleep between pregnancy and the end of the first year of a child's life. A search of six databases was completed. Following review using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 papers were left for review. Data were extracted, analysed and each paper was reviewed for methodological quality. Where possible, subgroup analysis was completed based on time since birth and location of the study, and meta-regression of parent age. Parents' total sleep time and sleep efficiency were shown to decrease following the birth of a child, with wake after sleep onset increasing. This change was most notably observed in the first four weeks after birth. Up to 16 weeks post-birth, differences were still apparent, but sleep parameters were beginning to return to pre-birth levels. New parents experience a significant change in multiple sleep parameters following the birth of a child. Future data collection, using best practice actigraphy measurement, reporting a broader range of variables and including fathers, as well as mothers, is warranted.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Actigraphy ; Parents ; Sleep ; Mothers ; Postpartum Period
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1414211-9
ISSN	1532-2955 ; 1087-0792
ISSN (online)	1532-2955
ISSN	1087-0792
DOI	10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101719
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