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Article ; Online: "Your child will have a bird brain!": Vaccination choices and stigma among vaccine enquirers in Sweden: A qualitative study.

Herzig van Wees, Sibylle / Ström, Maria

Social science & medicine (1982)

2024 Volume 349, Page(s) 116893

Abstract: Background: Substantial research has explored reasons for vaccination delay or refusal. However, little attention has been paid to the process and implications of the choices. The aim of this research was to understand parent's vaccination choices and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Substantial research has explored reasons for vaccination delay or refusal. However, little attention has been paid to the process and implications of the choices. The aim of this research was to understand parent's vaccination choices and implications of their choices through the lens of the concept of stigma and health behaviours. Methods: This is a qualitative study drawing on five focus group discussions and 17 in-depth interviews. Data was collected in an area South of Stockholm that has experienced lower rates of vaccination and is home to some people who are partly inspired by anthroposophical values. The data was analysed following reflexive thematic analysis. Results: (1) Vaccine enquirers make an informed decision about their vaccination choices. They negotiate different sources, question science, ask for more information and are largely content with their decision. (2) Values and norms influence vaccination decisions; these include anthroposophical health beliefs, and they partly influence the way in which risk is balanced. Trust influences vaccination decisions but trust expresses itself in complex ways. (3) Vaccination related stigma; expressed through fear of being labelled, conflicts with family and friends, feeling lonely with the decision, and avoidance to discuss vaccination choice. (4) Vaccination related stigma was found in the healthcare setting too, expressed by participants working in the health system as well as parents who experienced disrespect and labelling when expressing vaccine choices or seeking healthcare with an unvaccinated child. Participants describe their community as a safe haven where different vaccination choices are respected. Conclusion: The study found that vaccine enquirers are individuals who make an active choice to delay or decline vaccination. They are not uncertain or hesitant but rather consider themselves well-informed. The study also found different forms of stigma related to vaccination choices. Further research may be helpful to understand implications of vaccination related stigma on health and other vaccination decisions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	4766-1
ISSN	1873-5347 ; 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
ISSN (online)	1873-5347
ISSN	0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
DOI	10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116893
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Article ; Online: We need to talk about guilt in global health education.

van Wees, Sibylle Herzig

Lancet (London, England)

2020 Volume 395, Issue 10217, Page(s) 32

Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	3306-6
ISSN	1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
ISSN (online)	1474-547X
ISSN	0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
DOI	10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32965-4
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Article ; Online: Attitudes of Swedish Language Twitter Users Toward COVID-19 Vaccination: Exploratory Qualitative Study.

Beirakdar, Safwat / Klingborg, Leon / Herzig van Wees, Sibylle

JMIR infodemiology

2023 Volume 3, Page(s) e42357

Abstract: Background: Social media have played an important role in shaping COVID-19 vaccine choices during the pandemic. Understanding people's attitudes toward the vaccine as expressed on social media can help address the concerns of vaccine-hesitant ... ...

Abstract	Background: Social media have played an important role in shaping COVID-19 vaccine choices during the pandemic. Understanding people's attitudes toward the vaccine as expressed on social media can help address the concerns of vaccine-hesitant individuals. Objective: The aim of this study was to understand the attitudes of Swedish-speaking Twitter users toward COVID-19 vaccines. Methods: This was an exploratory qualitative study that used a social media-listening approach. Between January and March 2022, a total of 2877 publicly available tweets in Swedish were systematically extracted from Twitter. A deductive thematic analysis was conducted using the World Health Organization's 3C model ( Results: Confidence Conclusions: Swedish-speaking Twitter users in this study had negative attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines, particularly booster vaccines. We identified attitudes toward vaccines and misinformation, indicating that social media monitoring can help policy makers respond by developing proactive health communication interventions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-22
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2564-1891
ISSN (online)	2564-1891
DOI	10.2196/42357
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Article ; Online: The silent shot

Herzig van Wees, Sibylle / Dini, Samira

Global public health

2023 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 2257771

Abstract: This article traces the origin, sustenance and implications of a persistent rumour that is responsible for low measles mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination uptake in the Somali diaspora in a number of countries across the globe. The rumour stipulates that ...

Abstract	This article traces the origin, sustenance and implications of a persistent rumour that is responsible for low measles mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination uptake in the Somali diaspora in a number of countries across the globe. The rumour stipulates that the MMR vaccine - the silent shot - causes autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although the association between MMR and ASD is non-causal, and various public health initiatives have promoted health information campaigns, the rumour continues to circulate in the Somali diaspora in many countries, including Sweden. This paper shows that there are valid reasons for this. The findings from this paper draw on a systematic scoping review and qualitative interview data from Sweden. The results show that the Somali community experiences higher than average rates of ASD compared to the general population. Moreover, ASD does not exist in the Somali language or their home country, is considered a Western disease that only affects Somali children in the diaspora, and is a highly stigmatised disease. Also, the Somali diaspora has had negative experiences with ASD diagnosis and care. The rumour has been sustained by the absence of an answer to their ASD fear and through active diaspora networks on social media. The network that surrounds the rumour has arguably further helped to create an epistemic community for a community whose concerns have been silenced.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/etiology ; Autistic Disorder/epidemiology ; Autistic Disorder/etiology ; Human Migration ; Language ; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine/adverse effects ; Somalia ; Sustenance ; Sweden/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2234129-8
ISSN	1744-1706 ; 1744-1706
ISSN (online)	1744-1706
ISSN	1744-1706
DOI	10.1080/17441692.2023.2257771
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Article ; Online: Implementing a social innovation for community-based peer support for immigrant mothers in Sweden: a mixed-methods process evaluation.

Kåks, Per / Stansert Katzen, Linnea / Målqvist, Mats / Bergström, Anna / Herzig van Wees, Sibylle

Frontiers in public health

2024 Volume 11, Page(s) 1332738

Abstract: Introduction: A South African social innovation based on peer support for mothers was contextualized in southern Sweden. The objective of the project was to support expectant women and mothers of young children in immigrant communities to access public ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: A South African social innovation based on peer support for mothers was contextualized in southern Sweden. The objective of the project was to support expectant women and mothers of young children in immigrant communities to access public services that would benefit maternal and child health. This study aimed to assess how the intervention was implemented, what the contextual barriers and facilitators were, and how the implementation was perceived by those who delivered and received it. Methods: The study used mixed methods with a convergent parallel design and followed the Medical Research Council guidance on process evaluations of complex interventions. Semi-structured interviews ( Results: The five peer supporters had 1,294 contacts with client mothers, of which 507 were first-time contacts. The reach was perceived as wide, and the dose of the intervention was tailored to individual needs. Barriers to implementation included community mistrust of social services, norms on gender roles and parenting, and funding challenges. The implementation was facilitated by the organization's reputation, network, experience, and third-sector affiliation. Peer supporters tended to prioritize linking clients to other services over the educational components of the intervention, sometimes doing more than what was originally planned. Implementation strategies used included building trust, using multiple outreach venues, using internal support structures, and providing practical assistance as an entry point to comprehensive psychosocial support. The personal connection between peer supporters and clients was highly valued, and the building of relationships enabled them to address sensitive topics. Peer supporters sometimes experienced a blurred line between professional and personal roles. Conclusions: Peer supporters used a variety of strategies to navigate identified barriers and facilitators. Trust was central both as a contextual factor and a strategy for implementation. It is valuable to maintain a balance between flexibility and adherence to the function of peer supporters. Further research is needed to evaluate the effects of the intervention.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Female ; Child, Preschool ; Social Support ; Sweden ; Mothers/psychology ; Peer Group ; Counseling
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2023.1332738
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Article: Global health educational trips: ethical, equitable, environmental?

Velin, Lotta / Van Daalen, Kim / Guinto, Renzo / Herzig van Wees, Sibylle / Saha, Senjuti

BMJ global health

2022 Volume 7, Issue 4

MeSH term(s)	Global Health ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2059-7908
ISSN	2059-7908
DOI	10.1136/bmjgh-2022-008497
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Article ; Online: Understanding and explaining the link between anthroposophy and vaccine hesitancy: a systematic review.

Herzig van Wees, Sibylle / Abunnaja, Khadija / Mounier-Jack, Sandra

BMC public health

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 2238

Abstract: Background: Due to low vaccination uptake and measles outbreaks across Europe, public health authorities have paid increasing attention to anthroposophic communities. Public media outlets have further described these communities as vaccine refusers or " ... ...

Abstract	Background: Due to low vaccination uptake and measles outbreaks across Europe, public health authorities have paid increasing attention to anthroposophic communities. Public media outlets have further described these communities as vaccine refusers or "anti-vaxxers". The aim of this review was to understand the scope of the problem and explore assumptions about vaccination beliefs in anthroposophic communities. For the purpose of this review, we define anthroposophic communities as people following some/certain views more or less loosely connected to the philosophies of anthroposophy. The systematic review addresses three research questions and (1) collates evidence documenting outbreaks linked to anthroposophic communities, (2) literature on vaccination coverage in anthroposophic communities, and (3) lastly describes literature that summarizes theories and factors influencing vaccine decision-making in anthroposophic communities. Methods: This is a systematic review using the following databases: Medline, Web of Science, Psycinfo, and CINAHL. Double-blinded article screening was conducted by two researchers. Data was summarized to address the research questions. For the qualitative research question the data was analysed using thematic analysis with the assistance of Nvivo12.0. Results: There were 12 articles documenting 18 measles outbreaks linked to anthroposophic communities between the years 2000 and 2012. Seven articles describe lower vaccination uptake in anthroposophic communities than in other communities, although one article describes that vaccination coverage in low-income communities with a migrant background was lower than in the anthroposophic community they studied. We found eight articles examining factors and theories influencing vaccine decision making in anthroposophic communities. The qualitative analysis revealed four common themes. Firstly, there was a very broad spectrum of vaccine beliefs among the anthroposophic communities. Secondly, there was a consistent narrative about problems or concerns with vaccines, including toxicity and lack of trust in the system. Thirdly, there was a strong notion of the importance of making individual and well-informed choices as opposed to simply following the masses. Lastly, making vaccine choices different from public health guidelines was highly stigmatized by those outside of the anthroposophic community but also those within the community. Conclusion: Continuing to further knowledge of vaccine beliefs in anthroposophic communities is particularly important in view of increasing measles rates and potential sudden reliance on vaccines for emerging diseases. However, popular assumptions about vaccine beliefs in anthroposophic communities are challenged by the data presented in this systematic review.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Anthroposophy ; Vaccination Hesitancy ; Vaccines ; Vaccination ; Measles/epidemiology ; Measles/prevention & control
Chemical Substances	Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-023-17081-w
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Article ; Online: A systematic review of measures of healthcare workers' vaccine confidence.

Akinsola, Kofoworola O / Bakare, Ayobami A / Gobbo, Elisa / King, Carina / Hanson, Claudia / Falade, Adegoke / Herzig van Wees, Sibylle

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

2024 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 2322796

Abstract: Healthcare workers (HCW) perceptions toward vaccines influence patient and community vaccine decision making. In an era of rising vaccine hesitancy, understanding HCW vaccine confidence is critical. This systematic review aims to review instruments that ... ...

Abstract	Healthcare workers (HCW) perceptions toward vaccines influence patient and community vaccine decision making. In an era of rising vaccine hesitancy, understanding HCW vaccine confidence is critical. This systematic review aims to review instruments that have been validated to measure HCW vaccine confidence. We conducted a search in five databases in June 2023. Data was descriptively synthesized. Twelve articles describing 10 different tools were included. Most tools included dimensions or items on vaccine knowledge (
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Vaccines ; Vaccination ; Databases, Factual ; Health Personnel ; Income
Chemical Substances	Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2664176-8
ISSN	2164-554X ; 2164-5515
ISSN (online)	2164-554X
ISSN	2164-5515
DOI	10.1080/21645515.2024.2322796
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Article: Global health beyond geographical boundaries: reflections from global health education.

Herzig van Wees, Sibylle / Holmer, Hampus

BMJ global health

2020 Volume 5, Issue 5

MeSH term(s)	Global Health ; Health Education ; Public Health/education
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ISSN	2059-7908
ISSN	2059-7908
DOI	10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002583
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Article ; Online: '

Yibeltal, Kalkidan / Workneh, Firehiwot / Melesse, Hanna / Wolde, Habtamu / Kidane, Workagegnhu Tarekegn / Berhane, Yemane / Herzig van Wees, Sibylle

BMJ open

2024 Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) e071566

Abstract: Objective: This study explored faith leaders' perspectives on the COVID-19 vaccine and their role in building COVID-19 vaccine trust in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.: Design: A qualitative study with in-depth interviews and thematic analysis was conducted.!# ...

Abstract	Objective: This study explored faith leaders' perspectives on the COVID-19 vaccine and their role in building COVID-19 vaccine trust in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Design: A qualitative study with in-depth interviews and thematic analysis was conducted. Participants: Twenty-one faith leaders from the seven religious groups represented in the Inter-Religious Council of Ethiopia participated in the study. Setting: The study was conducted in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Results: The thematic analysis revealed three themes. First, faith leaders were aware of the risks of the COVID-19 pandemic, although most ascribed a spiritual meaning to the advent of the pandemic. The pandemic seriously affected the faith communities, inflicting financial losses. Second, faith leaders were essential allies during the pandemic by effectively collaborating with government and health professionals in COVID-19 prevention activities and public health interventions using spiritual reasoning. They were actively informing the community about the importance of the COVID-19 vaccine, where many faith leaders were publicly vaccinated to build trust in the vaccine and act as role models. Third, despite this, they faced multiple questions from the congregation about the vaccine, including rumours. Conclusions: This research showed that faith leaders played crucial roles in encouraging vaccine use but were limited in their persuasion power because of intense rumours and misinformation. Empowering faith leaders with the latest vaccine evidence needs to be prioritised in the future.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Ethiopia ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Qualitative Research ; Trust ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Female ; Male ; Leadership ; Adult ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Middle Aged ; Interviews as Topic
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071566
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