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Article ; Online: Re: The role of positron emission tomography in the evaluation of residual masses after chemotherapy for advanced stage seminoma: S. Hinz, M. Schrader, C. Kempkensteffen, R. Bares, W. Brenner, S. Krege, C. Franzius, S. Kliesch, R. Heicappel, K. Miller and M. De Wit J Urol 2008; 179: 936-940.

Lawrentschuk, Nathan / Bolton, Damien M

2008 Volume 180, Issue 6, Page(s) 2718; author reply 2718

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasm, Residual/diagnostic imaging ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Seminoma/diagnostic imaging ; Seminoma/drug therapy ; Seminoma/pathology ; Testicular Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Testicular Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Testicular Neoplasms/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	3176-8
ISSN	1527-3792 ; 0022-5347
ISSN (online)	1527-3792
ISSN	0022-5347
DOI	10.1016/j.juro.2008.08.066
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Article ; Online: No vaccine interference between bovine coronavirus and bovine herpesvirus-1 in a randomized trial when coadministrating two intranasal modified-live viral vaccines to neonatal calves.

Bolton, Michael W / Nordstrom, Scott / Hill, Kevin / Midla, Lowell / Rajamanikam, Karthic / Griebel, Philip J

American journal of veterinary research

2024 , Page(s) 1–10

Abstract: Objective: Compare immune responses induced by 2 commercial intranasal (IN) modified-live viral (MLV) vaccines given individually or coadministered and evaluate prevention of infection and lung pathology following bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) challenge.! ...

Abstract	Objective: Compare immune responses induced by 2 commercial intranasal (IN) modified-live viral (MLV) vaccines given individually or coadministered and evaluate prevention of infection and lung pathology following bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) challenge. Animals: 36 male Holstein calves (ages, 5 to 12 days). Methods: In a randomized complete block design, each calf received an IN injection of either vaccine diluent (Placebo), an MLV vaccine containing bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1; N3), bovine coronavirus vaccine (BC), or both N3 and BC (BC + N3) with a booster 4 weeks later. Nasal secretions and blood were collected weekly. Three weeks after the booster, the calves were challenged with BHV-1, sampled for virus shedding, and euthanized 10 days later to quantify lung pathology. The study period was September 7, 2020, to April 6, 2021. Results: Calves were seropositive for BHV-1 and BC before vaccination. No significant difference in BC-specific serum immunoglobin G and nasal immunoglobin A antibody responses in the BC versus BC + N3 group or BHV-1-specific serum immunoglobin G and nasal immunoglobin A antibody responses in the N3 versus BC + N3 group. Cytokine responses to BHV-1 and BC did not differ among groups. BHV-1 shedding after challenge was significantly reduced in N3 groups versus Placebo and BC. There was a significant reduction in lung pathology in the N3 + BC group versus Placebo. Clinical relevance: This study provides evidence an MLV vaccine containing BHV-1 and an MLV BC vaccine can be coadministered to neonatal calves without significantly altering immune responses to the 2 viruses or compromising the prevention of BHV-1 respiratory disease. Calves receiving the BC + N3 vaccine had a significant reduction in lung pathology after BHV-1 aerosol challenge.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390796-x
ISSN	1943-5681 ; 0002-9645
ISSN (online)	1943-5681
ISSN	0002-9645
DOI	10.2460/ajvr.23.12.0281
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Article: Challenges and opportunities in academic neurosurgery.

Burger, R / Bolton, W S / Mathew, R K

British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005)

2021 Volume 82, Issue 10, Page(s) 1–7

Abstract: Clinical academia aims to bridge the gap between clinicians and scientists, by combining academic activity with clinical practice. The term 'clinical academics' generally refers to clinicians who have protected time within their job plans for undertaking ...

Abstract	Clinical academia aims to bridge the gap between clinicians and scientists, by combining academic activity with clinical practice. The term 'clinical academics' generally refers to clinicians who have protected time within their job plans for undertaking academic activities. Engagement with academic activity by trainees is not only essential to fulfil necessary curriculum competencies, but also allows them to explore areas of interest outside of clinical practice and develop advanced academic skills. This article provides an overview of different routes into academic neurosurgery, and discusses the advantages and difficulties in pursuing this career path. It also covers the differences between postgraduate research degrees and explores the different job plan models available at consultant level. Academic neurosurgery is a rewarding career and opportunities should be made available to those who wish to explore it further. Developing academic careers may have a positive impact on wider workforce planning strategies and improve the delivery of high-quality evidence-based neurosurgical care.
MeSH term(s)	Career Choice ; Consultants ; Curriculum ; Humans ; Neurosurgery ; Physicians ; Workforce
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	1750-8460
ISSN	1750-8460
DOI	10.12968/hmed.2021.0297
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Article ; Online: Guideline on the use of predeposit autologous donation prepared by the BSH Blood Transfusion Task Force.

McSporran, Wendy / Anand, Rekha / Bolton-Maggs, Paula / Madgwick, Karen / McLintock, Lorna / Nwankiti, Kelly

British journal of haematology

2024

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80077-6
ISSN	1365-2141 ; 0007-1048
ISSN (online)	1365-2141
ISSN	0007-1048
DOI	10.1111/bjh.19374
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Article ; Online: Moderators of stimulation-induced neural excitability in the left DLPFC: A concurrent iTBS/fNIRS case study.

Kan, Rebecca L D / Lin, Tim T Z / Zhang, Bella B B / Giron, Cristian G / Jin, Minxia / Qin, Penny P I / Xia, Adam W L / Chan, Sherry K W / Chau, Bolton K H / Kranz, Georg S

Brain stimulation

2023 Volume 16, Issue 5, Page(s) 1445–1447

MeSH term(s)	Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ; Prefrontal Cortex ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ; Cohort Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2394410-9
ISSN	1876-4754 ; 1935-861X
ISSN (online)	1876-4754
ISSN	1935-861X
DOI	10.1016/j.brs.2023.09.015
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Article ; Online: International Society for Blood Transfusion Guidelines for Traceability of Medical Products of Human Origin.

Ashford, Paul / Butch, Suzanne / Barhoush, Amjad Omar / Bolton, Wayne / Cusmai, Michele / Espensen, Lone / Geary, Josh / Moniz, Karen

Vox sanguinis

2023 Volume 118, Issue 7, Page(s) 587–597

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Blood Transfusion ; Transfusion Reaction ; Blood Safety
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80313-3
ISSN	1423-0410 ; 0042-9007
ISSN (online)	1423-0410
ISSN	0042-9007
DOI	10.1111/vox.13473
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Article ; Online: Two-year diagnostic stability in a real-world sample of individuals with early psychosis.

Cawkwell, Philip B / Bolton, Kirsten W / Karmacharya, Rakesh / Öngür, Dost / Shinn, Ann K

Early intervention in psychiatry

2020 Volume 14, Issue 6, Page(s) 751–754

Abstract: Objectives: Diagnostic shifts in first episode psychosis (FEP) are not uncommon. Many studies examining diagnostic stability use structured diagnostic interviews. Less is known about the stability of FEP diagnoses made clinically.: Methods: We ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Diagnostic shifts in first episode psychosis (FEP) are not uncommon. Many studies examining diagnostic stability use structured diagnostic interviews. Less is known about the stability of FEP diagnoses made clinically. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients enrolled in a transdiagnostic FEP clinic. For the 96 patients followed clinically at least 2 years, we compared diagnoses at intake and 24 months. Results: Diagnostic stability was high for bipolar disorder (89%), schizoaffective disorder (89%), and schizophrenia (82%). Psychosis not otherwise specified (13%) was more unstable, with limited baseline differences that would enable clinicians to predict who would convert to a primary psychotic vs affective psychotic disorder. Conclusions: Our real-world clinical sample shows that FEP diagnoses, with the exception of unspecified psychosis, are diagnostically stable, even without structured diagnostic interviews.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Bipolar Disorder/diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Health Services ; Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Schizophrenia/diagnosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-10
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2272425-4
ISSN	1751-7893 ; 1751-7885
ISSN (online)	1751-7893
ISSN	1751-7885
DOI	10.1111/eip.12930
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Article ; Online: Detecting Permafrost Active Layer Thickness Change From Nonlinear Baseflow Recession

Cooper, M. G. / Zhou, T. / Bennett, K. E. / Bolton, W. R. / Coon, E. T. / Fleming, S. W. / Rowland, J. C. / Schwenk, J.

Water Resources Research. 2023 Jan., v. 59, no. 1 p.e2022WR033154-

2023

Abstract: Permafrost underlies about one fifth of the global land area and affects ground stability, freshwater runoff, soil chemistry, and surface‐atmosphere gas exchange. The depth of thawed ground overlying permafrost (active layer thickness) has broadly ... ...

Abstract	Permafrost underlies about one fifth of the global land area and affects ground stability, freshwater runoff, soil chemistry, and surface‐atmosphere gas exchange. The depth of thawed ground overlying permafrost (active layer thickness) has broadly increased across the Arctic in recent decades, coincident with a period of increased streamflow, especially the lowest flows (baseflow). Mechanistic links between active layer thickness and baseflow have recently been explored using linear reservoir theory, but most watersheds behave as nonlinear reservoirs. We derive theoretical nonlinear relationships between long‐term average saturated soil thickness η‾ $\overline{\eta }$ (proxy for active layer thickness) and long‐term average baseflow. When applied to 38 years of daily streamflow data for the Kuparuk River basin on the North Slope of Alaska, the theory predicts η‾ $\overline{\eta }$ increased 0.17±0.22[2σ] $0.17\pm 0.22\,[2\sigma ]$ cm a⁻¹ between 1983 and 2020 (6.4±8.4 $6.4\pm 8.4$ cm total). The rate of increase nearly doubled to 0.29±0.31 $0.29\pm 0.31$ cm a⁻¹ between 1990 and 2020, during which time local field measurements from Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring sites indicate the active layer increased 0.31±0.22 $0.31\pm 0.22$ cm a⁻¹. The predicted rate of increase more than doubled again between 2002 and 2020, outpacing a near doubling of observed active layer thickening, consistent with trends in terrestrial water storage inferred from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment satellite gravimetry and Modern‐Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications climate reanalysis. Overall, hydrologic change is accelerating in the Kuparuk River basin, and we provide a theoretical framework for estimating basin‐scale changes in active layer water storage from streamflow measurements.
Keywords	base flow ; climate ; freshwater ; gas exchange ; gravimetry ; permafrost ; research ; retrospective studies ; runoff ; satellites ; soil chemistry ; soil depth ; topographic slope ; water storage ; watersheds ; Alaska ; Arctic region
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-01
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	5564-5
ISSN	1944-7973 ; 0043-1397
ISSN (online)	1944-7973
ISSN	0043-1397
DOI	10.1029/2022WR033154
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Virtual reality technology for surgical learning: qualitative outcomes of the first virtual reality training course for emergency and essential surgery delivered by a UK-Uganda partnership.

Please, Helen / Narang, Karamveer / Bolton, William / Nsubuga, Mike / Luweesi, Henry / Richards, Ndiwalana Billy / Dalton, John / Tendo, Catherine / Khan, Mansoor / Jjingo, Daudi / Bhutta, Mahmood F / Petrakaki, Dimitra / Dhanda, Jagtar

BMJ open quality

2024 Volume 13, Issue 1

Abstract: Introduction: The extensive resources needed to train surgeons and maintain skill levels in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) are limited and confined to urban settings. Surgical education of remote/rural doctors is, therefore, paramount. ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The extensive resources needed to train surgeons and maintain skill levels in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) are limited and confined to urban settings. Surgical education of remote/rural doctors is, therefore, paramount. Virtual reality (VR) has the potential to disseminate surgical knowledge and skill development at low costs. This study presents the outcomes of the first VR-enhanced surgical training course, 'Global Virtual Reality in Medicine and Surgery', developed through UK-Ugandan collaborations. Methods: A mixed-method approach (survey and semistructured interviews) evaluated the clinical impact and barriers of VR-enhanced training. Course content focused on essential skills relevant to Uganda (general surgery, obstetrics, trauma); delivered through: (1) hands-on cadaveric training in Brighton (scholarships for LMIC doctors) filmed in 360°; (2) virtual training in Kampala (live-stream via low-cost headsets combined with smartphones) and (3) remote virtual training (live-stream via smartphone/laptop/headset). Results: High numbers of scholarship applicants (n=130); registrants (Kampala n=80; remote n=1680); and attendees (Kampala n=79; remote n=556, 25 countries), demonstrates widespread appetite for VR-enhanced surgical education. Qualitative analysis identified three key themes: clinical education and skill development limitations in East Africa; the potential of VR to address some of these via 360° visualisation enabling a 'knowing as seeing' mechanism; unresolved challenges regarding accessibility and acceptability. Conclusion: Outcomes from our first global VR-enhanced essential surgical training course demonstrating dissemination of surgical skills resources in an LMIC context where such opportunities are scarce. The benefits identified included environmental improvements, cross-cultural knowledge sharing, scalability and connectivity. Our process of programme design demonstrates that collaboration across high-income and LMICs is vital to provide locally relevant training. Our data add to growing evidence of extended reality technologies transforming surgery, although several barriers remain. We have successfully demonstrated that VR can be used to upscale postgraduate surgical education, affirming its potential in healthcare capacity building throughout Africa, Europe and beyond.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Uganda ; Virtual Reality ; Learning ; Developing Countries ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2399-6641
ISSN (online)	2399-6641
DOI	10.1136/bmjoq-2023-002477
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Article ; Online: Survival following lung volume reduction procedures: results from the UK Lung Volume Reduction (UKLVR) registry.

Buttery, S C / Lewis, A / Alzetani, A / Bolton, C E / Curtis, K J / Dodd, J W / Habib, A M / Hussain, A / Havelock, T / Jordan, S / Kallis, C / Kemp, S V / Kirk, A / Lawson, R A / Mahadeva, R / Munavvar, M / Naidu, B / Rathinam, S / Shackcloth, M /

Shah, P L / Tenconi, S / Hopkinson, N S

BMJ open respiratory research

2024 Volume 11, Issue 1

Abstract: Introduction: Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) and endobronchial valve (EBV) placement can produce substantial benefits in appropriately selected people with emphysema. The UK Lung Volume Reduction (UKLVR) registry is a national multicentre ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) and endobronchial valve (EBV) placement can produce substantial benefits in appropriately selected people with emphysema. The UK Lung Volume Reduction (UKLVR) registry is a national multicentre observational study set up to support quality standards and assess outcomes from LVR procedures at specialist centres across the UK. Methods: Data were analysed for all patients undergoing an LVR procedure (LVRS/EBV) who were recruited into the study at participating centres between January 2017 and June 2022, including; disease severity and risk assessment, compliance with guidelines for selection, procedural complications and survival to February 2023. Results: Data on 541 patients from 14 participating centres were analysed. Baseline disease severity was similar in patients who had surgery n=244 (44.9%), or EBV placement n=219 (40.9%), for example, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Emphysema ; Lung/surgery ; Pneumonectomy/adverse effects ; Pneumonectomy/methods ; Pulmonary Emphysema/surgery ; Registries ; United Kingdom ; Female
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2736454-9
ISSN	2052-4439 ; 2052-4439
ISSN (online)	2052-4439
ISSN	2052-4439
DOI	10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002092
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