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  1. Article ; Online: Deep learning with explainability for characterizing age-related intrinsic differences in dynamic brain functional connectivity.

    Qiao, Chen / Gao, Bin / Liu, Yuechen / Hu, Xinyu / Hu, Wenxing / Calhoun, Vince D / Wang, Yu-Ping

    Medical image analysis

    2023  Volume 90, Page(s) 102941

    Abstract: Although many deep learning models-based medical applications are performance-driven, i.e., accuracy-oriented, their explainability is more critical. This is especially the case with neuroimaging, where we are often interested in identifying biomarkers ... ...

    Abstract Although many deep learning models-based medical applications are performance-driven, i.e., accuracy-oriented, their explainability is more critical. This is especially the case with neuroimaging, where we are often interested in identifying biomarkers underlying brain development or disorders. Herein we propose an explainable deep learning approach by elucidating the information transmission mechanism between two layers of a deep network with a joint feature selection strategy that considers several shallow-layer explainable machine learning models and sparse learning of the deep network. At the end, we apply and validate the proposed approach to the analysis of dynamic brain functional connectivity (FC) from fMRI in a brain development study. Our approach can identify the differences within and between functional brain networks over age during development. The results indicate that the brain network transits from undifferentiated structures to more specialized and organized ones, and the information processing ability becomes more efficient as age increases. In addition, we detect two developmental patterns in the brain network: the FCs in regions related to visual and sound processing and mental regulation become weakened, while those between regions corresponding to emotional processing and cognitive activities are enhanced.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1356436-5
    ISSN 1361-8423 ; 1361-8431 ; 1361-8415
    ISSN (online) 1361-8423 ; 1361-8431
    ISSN 1361-8415
    DOI 10.1016/j.media.2023.102941
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Wind tunnel-based testing of a photoelectrochemical oxidative filter-based air purification unit in coronavirus and influenza aerosol removal and inactivation.

    Qiao, Yuechen / Yang, My / Marabella, Ian A / McGee, Devin A J / Olson, Bernard A / Torremorell, Montserrat / Hogan, Christopher J

    Indoor air

    2021  Volume 31, Issue 6, Page(s) 2058–2069

    Abstract: Recirculating air purification technologies are employed as potential means of reducing exposure to aerosol particles and airborne viruses. Toward improved testing of recirculating air purification units, we developed and applied a medium-scale single- ... ...

    Abstract Recirculating air purification technologies are employed as potential means of reducing exposure to aerosol particles and airborne viruses. Toward improved testing of recirculating air purification units, we developed and applied a medium-scale single-pass wind tunnel test to examine the size-dependent collection of particles and the collection and inactivation of viable bovine coronavirus (BCoV, a betacoronavirus), porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV, an alphacoronavirus), and influenza A virus (IAV), by a commercial air purification unit. The tested unit, the Molekule Air Mini, incorporates a MERV 16 filter as well as a photoelectrochemical oxidating layer. It was found to have a collection efficiency above 95.8% for all tested particle diameters and flow rates, with collection efficiencies above 99% for supermicrometer particles with the minimum collection efficiency for particles smaller than 100 nm. For all three tested viruses, the physical tracer-based log reduction was near 2.0 (99% removal). Conversely, the viable virus log reductions were found to be near 4.0 for IAV, 3.0 for BCoV, and 2.5 for PRCV, suggesting additional inactivation in a virus family- and genus-specific manner. In total, this work describes a suite of test methods which can be used to rigorously evaluate the efficacy of recirculating air purification technologies.
    MeSH term(s) Aerosols ; Air Filters ; Air Microbiology ; Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis ; Coronavirus/isolation & purification ; Filtration/instrumentation ; Orthomyxoviridae/isolation & purification ; Oxidative Stress ; Particle Size
    Chemical Substances Aerosols
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1081722-0
    ISSN 1600-0668 ; 0905-6947
    ISSN (online) 1600-0668
    ISSN 0905-6947
    DOI 10.1111/ina.12847
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Aerosol Phase State and Its Link to Chemical Composition and Liquid Water Content in a Subtropical Coastal Megacity.

    Liu, Yuechen / Wu, Zhijun / Huang, Xiaofeng / Shen, Hangyin / Bai, Yao / Qiao, Kai / Meng, Xiangxinyue / Hu, Weiwei / Tang, Mingjin / He, Lingyan

    Environmental science & technology

    2019  Volume 53, Issue 9, Page(s) 5027–5033

    Abstract: Particle phase state plays a key role in gas-particle partitioning, heterogeneous and multiphase reactions, and secondary aerosol formation. In this work, the rebound fraction and chemical composition of submicron particles were simultaneously measured ... ...

    Abstract Particle phase state plays a key role in gas-particle partitioning, heterogeneous and multiphase reactions, and secondary aerosol formation. In this work, the rebound fraction and chemical composition of submicron particles were simultaneously measured to investigate the particle phase state and its link to chemical composition in a subtropical coastal urban city (Shenzhen, China). Submicron particles were found to be in the liquid state for most of the measurement period in spring. During the sampling time, both high relative humidity (RH, ranged from 40% to 93%) and inorganic mass fraction in particles (62.6 ± 12.4% of dry particles, on average) resulted in abundant aerosol liquid water (43 ± 6% in the wet PM
    MeSH term(s) Aerosols ; Air Pollutants ; China ; Cities ; Water
    Chemical Substances Aerosols ; Air Pollutants ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1520-5851
    ISSN (online) 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.9b01196
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Greater than 3-Log Reduction in Viable Coronavirus Aerosol Concentration in Ducted Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) Systems.

    Qiao, Yuechen / Yang, My / Marabella, Ian A / McGee, Devin A J / Aboubakr, Hamada / Goyal, Sagar / Hogan, Christopher J / Olson, Bernard A / Torremorell, Montserrat

    Environmental science & technology

    2020  Volume 55, Issue 7, Page(s) 4174–4182

    Abstract: Control technologies to inactivate airborne viruses effectively are needed during the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and to guard against airborne transmitted diseases. We demonstrate that sealed UV-C flow reactors operating with fluences near 253 ± 1 nm ... ...

    Abstract Control technologies to inactivate airborne viruses effectively are needed during the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and to guard against airborne transmitted diseases. We demonstrate that sealed UV-C flow reactors operating with fluences near 253 ± 1 nm of 13.9-49.6 mJ cm
    MeSH term(s) Aerosols ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Ultraviolet Rays
    Chemical Substances Aerosols
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1520-5851
    ISSN (online) 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.0c05763
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Aerosol Phase State and Its Link to Chemical Composition and Liquid Water Content in a Subtropical Coastal Megacity

    Liu, Yuechen / Wu, Zhijun / Huang, Xiaofeng / Shen, Hangyin / Bai, Yao / Qiao, Kai / Meng, Xiangxinyue / Hu, Weiwei / Tang, Mingjin / He, Lingyan

    Environmental science & technology. 2019 Apr. 01, v. 53, no. 9

    2019  

    Abstract: Particle phase state plays a key role in gas-particle partitioning, heterogeneous and multiphase reactions, and secondary aerosol formation. In this work, the rebound fraction and chemical composition of submicron particles were simultaneously measured ... ...

    Abstract Particle phase state plays a key role in gas-particle partitioning, heterogeneous and multiphase reactions, and secondary aerosol formation. In this work, the rebound fraction and chemical composition of submicron particles were simultaneously measured to investigate the particle phase state and its link to chemical composition in a subtropical coastal urban city (Shenzhen, China). Submicron particles were found to be in the liquid state for most of the measurement period in spring. During the sampling time, both high relative humidity (RH, ranged from 40% to 93%) and inorganic mass fraction in particles (62.6 ± 12.4% of dry particles, on average) resulted in abundant aerosol liquid water (43 ± 6% in the wet PM1, on average), which may liquefy the particles. Considering the high frequency of ambient RH > 60% and large inorganic mass fraction in aerosol particles, we deduced that particles were in the liquid state throughout the year in coastal urban areas, where this study was performed. The liquid phase particles may accelerate the mass transfer of reactive trace gases and multiphase reactions, thereby enhanced secondary aerosol formation, further resulting in a rapid growth in aerosol mass. Our work suggested that in regions heavily impacted by SO2 and NOx emissions, especially in developing countries, the presence of inorganics could significantly impact the phase state of ambient aerosol particles, and thus the mixing state of inorganic and organic matter should be taken into account for the investigation of the aerosol phase state in urban environments.
    Keywords aerosols ; cities ; developing countries ; emissions ; gases ; liquids ; mass transfer ; mixing ; nitrogen oxides ; organic matter ; relative humidity ; spring ; sulfur dioxide ; urban areas ; water content ; China
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0401
    Size p. 5027-5033.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.9b01196
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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