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Article ; Online: Vale John Spencer.

Thomson, W Murray

Community dentistry and oral epidemiology

2015 Volume 43, Issue 1, Page(s) 1

MeSH term(s)	Dentistry ; Humans ; Periodicals as Topic ; Publishing
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-02
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	189172-8
ISSN	1600-0528 ; 0301-5661
ISSN (online)	1600-0528
ISSN	0301-5661
DOI	10.1111/cdoe.12145
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Article ; Online: Special issue: Festschrift in honour of John Spencer. Preface.

Brennan, David / Do, Loc / Harford, Jane / Luzzi, Liana / Marveggio, S / Roberts-Thomson, K F / White, A

Community dentistry and oral epidemiology

2012 Volume 40 Suppl 2, Page(s) iv

MeSH term(s)	Australia ; History, 21st Century ; Oral Health/trends
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-10
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Biography ; Historical Article ; Introductory Journal Article
ZDB-ID	189172-8
ISSN	1600-0528 ; 0301-5661
ISSN (online)	1600-0528
ISSN	0301-5661
DOI	10.1111/j.1600-0528.2012.00711.x
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Article: Das Industriedreieck des Spencer-Golfs als Beispiel einer Industrialisierung ausserhalb der Hauptstädte

Thomson, Keith W

Die Erde : Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde, Berlin ; Forum für Erdsystem- und Erdraumforschung , No. 3/4 , p. 286-300

mit 4 Fig. und 3 Bild

1955 , Issue 3, Page(s) 286–300

Author's details	Keith W. Thomson
Keywords	Wirtschaftsraum ; Australien ; Spencer-Golf
Publisher	Gesellschaft für Erdkunde
Publishing place	Berlin
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1905-7
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Article: Oral health-related self-efficacy and fatalism in a regional South Australian Aboriginal population.

Parker, E J / Spencer, A J / Roberts-Thomson, K / Mills, H / Jamieson, L M

Community dental health

2022 Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 92–98

Abstract: Objectives: To assess the psychometric properties, including face, content, criterion and known-groups validity and reliability, of scales to measure oral health-related self-efficacy and fatalism in a regional Aboriginal adult population in Australia.!# ...

Abstract	Objectives: To assess the psychometric properties, including face, content, criterion and known-groups validity and reliability, of scales to measure oral health-related self-efficacy and fatalism in a regional Aboriginal adult population in Australia. Methods: Four hundred Aboriginal adults (aged 18-82 years, 67% female) completed a self-report questionnaire including items pertaining to oral health-related self-efficacy and fatalism. Structural validity was determined in exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with principal components analysis for each scale. Criterion validity was assessed between the instruments and theoretically related variables. Known-groups validity was investigated by comparing the scores in different population groups according to age, sex, education and employment. Reliability of the scales was assessed through internal consistency. Results: The EFA confirmed a single factor structure for self-efficacy and fatalism scales, with Cronbach's alphas of 0.93 and 0.89 respectively. The two scales were not correlated. Oral health-related self-efficacy was associated with toothbrush ownership and brushing the previous day supporting criterion validity. Oral health-related fatalism was associated with previous extractions and perceived need for extractions also supporting criterion validity. Both measures were associated with social impact of oral health as measured by the OHIP-14, supporting their criterion validity. Mixed findings were observed in terms of known-groups validity. Conclusions: There was initial evidence that measures of oral health-related self-efficacy and fatalism displayed adequate psychometric properties in this Aboriginal community. These constructs could have implications for approaches for improving oral health among Aboriginal people.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Australia ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Oral Health ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Self Efficacy ; South Australia ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	631156-8
ISSN	0265-539X
ISSN	0265-539X
DOI	10.1922/CDH_00201Parker07
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Article ; Online: Self-efficacy and oral health outcomes in a regional Australian Aboriginal population.

Parker, Eleanor Jane / Haag, Dandara Gabriela / Spencer, Andrew John / Roberts-Thomson, Kaye / Jamieson, Lisa Marie

BMC oral health

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 447

Abstract: Background: Perceived self-efficacy has been associated with psychological well-being, health behaviours and health outcomes. Little is known about the influence of self-efficacy on oral health outcomes for Aboriginal adults in Australia, a population ... ...

Abstract	Background: Perceived self-efficacy has been associated with psychological well-being, health behaviours and health outcomes. Little is known about the influence of self-efficacy on oral health outcomes for Aboriginal adults in Australia, a population experiencing high levels of oral health conditions. This study examines associations between oral health-related self-efficacy and oral health outcomes in a regional Aboriginal Australian population and investigates whether the associations persist after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and other general and oral health-related psychosocial factors. Methods: Cross-sectional data were obtained from the baseline questionnaire of the Indigenous Oral Heath Literacy Project, South Australia. Oral health-related self-efficacy was measured using a six item scale, with total sum scores dichotomised into high/low self-efficacy. Oral health outcomes included self-rated oral health and oral health impacts, measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Generalized linear models with a log-Poisson link function were used to estimate Prevalence Ratios (PR) of poor self-rated oral health according to levels of oral health-related self-efficacy. Multivariable linear regressions were used to estimate the association between oral health-related self-efficacy and OHIP-14 scores. Blocks of confounders were subsequently added into the models, with the final model including all factors. Results: Complete data were available for 252 participants (63%) aged 18 to 82 years (mean age of 37.6 years). Oral health-related self-efficacy was associated with poor self-rated oral health, with a 43% (PR = 1.43 (95% CI 1.09, 1.88)) greater prevalence of poor self-rated oral health among those with low self-efficacy. Oral health-related self-efficacy was associated with OHIP-14 severity scores, with a score over six points higher for those with low self-efficacy (B = 6.27 95% CI 2.71, 9.83). Although addition of perceived stress into the models attenuated the relationship, associations remained in the final models. Conclusion: Lower levels of oral health-related self-efficacy were associated with a higher prevalence of poor self-rated oral health and greater impacts of oral health among Aboriginal adults in regional South Australia. These associations persisted after controlling for sociodemographic and psychosocial confounders, suggesting that increasing self-efficacy may provide an opportunity for improving oral health outcomes for Aboriginal adults.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Australia ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ; Oral Health ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care ; Self Efficacy
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2091511-1
ISSN	1472-6831 ; 1472-6831
ISSN (online)	1472-6831
ISSN	1472-6831
DOI	10.1186/s12903-022-02471-0
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Article ; Online: Quantitative Standards of 4-O-Acetyl- and 9-O-Acetyl-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid for the Analysis of Plasma and Serum.

Cheeseman, Jack / Badia, Concepcion / Thomson, Rebecca I / Kuhnle, Gunter / Gardner, Richard A / Spencer, Daniel I R / Osborn, Helen M I

Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology

2022 Volume 23, Issue 5, Page(s) e202100662

Abstract: N-Acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid, Neu5Ac) is one of a large, diverse family of nine-carbon monosaccharides that play roles in many biological functions such as immune response. Neu5Ac has previously been identified as a potential biomarker for the ... ...

Abstract	N-Acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid, Neu5Ac) is one of a large, diverse family of nine-carbon monosaccharides that play roles in many biological functions such as immune response. Neu5Ac has previously been identified as a potential biomarker for the presence and pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes and cancer. More recent research has highlighted acetylated sialic acid derivatives, specifically Neu5,9Ac
MeSH term(s)	Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid ; Sialic Acids/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Sialic Acids ; 9-O-acetyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid (55717-54-9) ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid (GZP2782OP0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-18
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2020469-3
ISSN	1439-7633 ; 1439-4227
ISSN (online)	1439-7633
ISSN	1439-4227
DOI	10.1002/cbic.202100662
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Article ; Online: Excess Risk of Dental Caries from Higher Free Sugars Intake Combined with Low Exposure to Water Fluoridation.

Ha, D H / Spencer, A J / Moynihan, P / Thomson, W M / Do, L G

Journal of dental research

2021 Volume 100, Issue 11, Page(s) 1243–1250

Abstract: The study aimed to quantify the excess risk of interaction between high free sugars (sugars) intake and lack of exposure to water fluoridation on child dental caries. Data from the Australian National Child Oral Health Study, a population-based survey of ...

Abstract	The study aimed to quantify the excess risk of interaction between high free sugars (sugars) intake and lack of exposure to water fluoridation on child dental caries. Data from the Australian National Child Oral Health Study, a population-based survey of 24,664 children aged 5 to 14 y, were collected using parental questionnaires and oral epidemiological examinations by trained examiners. Information on socioeconomic status, dental health behaviors, and dental service use was used as covariates. The number of servings of sugars-containing foods and drinks consumed in a usual day was assessed as the main exposure, categorized into 5 groups. Residential history was used to calculate lifetime exposure to fluoridated water (LEFW), categorized as low (<25%), medium (25% to <75%), or high (75%-100%). Caries prevalence (dmfs/DMFS >0) and experience (dmfs/DMFS) in the primary (ages 5-10 y) and permanent (ages 8-14 y) dentitions were the main dependent variables. The association of sugars intake and LEFW with each outcome was estimated in multivariable log-Poisson regression models with robust standard error estimation, adjusted for covariates. The relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) between sugars intake and LEFW was estimated. Strong positive gradients in all outcomes were observed across sugars intake groups. Relative to the lowest intake group, the 3 highest intake groups had significantly higher adjusted prevalence ratios for having caries and higher adjusted mean ratios of caries experience in both dentitions, after controlling for all covariates. LEFW strongly and consistently attenuated the effects of all levels of sugars intake on the outcomes. RERI estimates indicated that a combination of lack of exposure to fluoridated water and high sugars intake resulted in greater excess risk of primary and permanent caries than if there was no interaction. Evidently, children with high sugars intakes and low exposure to water fluoridation are at disproportionately higher risk of dental caries.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Australia/epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DMF Index ; Dental Caries/epidemiology ; Dental Caries/etiology ; Fluoridation/adverse effects ; Humans ; Sugars/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Sugars
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80207-4
ISSN	1544-0591 ; 0022-0345
ISSN (online)	1544-0591
ISSN	0022-0345
DOI	10.1177/00220345211007747
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Article ; Online: Trajectories of child free sugars intake and dental caries - a population-based birth cohort study.

Ha, Diep H / Nguyen, Huy V / Bell, Lucinda K / Devenish-Coleman, Gemma / Golley, Rebecca K / Thomson, W Murray / Manton, David J / Leary, Sam D / Scott, Jane A / Spencer, John / Do, Loc G

Journal of dentistry

2023 Volume 134, Page(s) 104559

Abstract: Objectives: To investigate the association between trajectories of free sugars intake during the first five years of life and dental caries experience at five years.: Methods: Data from the SMILE population-based prospective birth cohort study, ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To investigate the association between trajectories of free sugars intake during the first five years of life and dental caries experience at five years. Methods: Data from the SMILE population-based prospective birth cohort study, collected at one, two and five years old, were used. A 3-days dietary diary and food frequency questionnaire were used to estimate free sugars intake (FSI) in grams. The primary outcomes were dental caries prevalence and experience (dmfs). The Group-Based Trajectory Modelling method was used to characterize three FSI trajectories ('Low and increasing'; 'Moderate and increasing'; and 'High and increasing'), which were the main exposures. Multivariable regression models were generated to compute adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) and rate ratios (ARR) for the exposure, controlling for socioeconomic factors. Results: The prevalence of caries was 23.3%, with a mean dmfs of 1.4, and a median of 3.0 among those who had caries. There were clear gradients of caries prevalence and experience by the FSI trajectories. The 'High and increasing' had an APR of 2.13 (95%CI 1.23-3.70) and ARR of 2.77 (95%CI 1.45-5.32) against the 'Low and increasing'. The 'Moderate and increasing' group had intermediate estimates. A quarter of the caries cases could have been prevented if the whole study sample had been in the 'Low and increasing' FSI trajectory. Conclusion: A sustained, high trajectory of FSI from a young age was positively associated with child dental caries. Measures to minimise consumption of free sugars must commence early in life. Clinical significance: The study has provided high level evidence to inform clinicians' decisions in promoting a healthy dietary pattern for young children.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Dental Caries/epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Dietary Sucrose/adverse effects ; Prevalence
Chemical Substances	Dietary Sucrose
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	186068-9
ISSN	1879-176X ; 0300-5712
ISSN (online)	1879-176X
ISSN	0300-5712
DOI	10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104559
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Article ; Online: Determining the feasibility of calculating pancreatic cancer risk scores for people with new-onset diabetes in primary care (DEFEND PRIME): study protocol.

Claridge, Hugh / Price, Claire A / Ali, Rofique / Cooke, Elizabeth A / de Lusignan, Simon / Harvey-Sullivan, Adam / Hodges, Catherine / Khalaf, Natalia / O'Callaghan, Dean / Stunt, Ali / Thomas, Spencer A / Thomson, Joanna / Lemanska, Agnieszka

BMJ open

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) e079863

Abstract: Introduction: Worldwide, pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis. Early diagnosis may improve survival by enabling curative treatment. Statistical and machine learning diagnostic prediction models using risk factors such as patient demographics and blood ...

Abstract	Introduction: Worldwide, pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis. Early diagnosis may improve survival by enabling curative treatment. Statistical and machine learning diagnostic prediction models using risk factors such as patient demographics and blood tests are being developed for clinical use to improve early diagnosis. One example is the Enriching New-onset Diabetes for Pancreatic Cancer (ENDPAC) model, which employs patients' age, blood glucose and weight changes to provide pancreatic cancer risk scores. These values are routinely collected in primary care in the UK. Primary care's central role in cancer diagnosis makes it an ideal setting to implement ENDPAC but it has yet to be used in clinical settings. This study aims to determine the feasibility of applying ENDPAC to data held by UK primary care practices. Methods and analysis: This will be a multicentre observational study with a cohort design, determining the feasibility of applying ENDPAC in UK primary care. We will develop software to search, extract and process anonymised data from 20 primary care providers' electronic patient record management systems on participants aged 50+ years, with a glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) test result of ≥48 mmol/mol (6.5%) and no previous abnormal HbA1c results. Software to calculate ENDPAC scores will be developed, and descriptive statistics used to summarise the cohort's demographics and assess data quality. Findings will inform the development of a future UK clinical trial to test ENDPAC's effectiveness for the early detection of pancreatic cancer. Ethics and dissemination: This project has been reviewed by the University of Surrey University Ethics Committee and received a favourable ethical opinion (FHMS 22-23151 EGA). Study findings will be presented at scientific meetings and published in international peer-reviewed journals. Participating primary care practices, clinical leads and policy makers will be provided with summaries of the findings.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Feasibility Studies ; Glycated Hemoglobin ; Observational Studies as Topic ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Primary Health Care ; Risk Factors ; Middle Aged ; Multicenter Studies as Topic ; Aged
Chemical Substances	Glycated Hemoglobin
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079863
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Article ; Online: Dental fluorosis in the Australian adult population.

Do, Loc G / Ha, Diep H / Roberts-Thomson, Kaye F / Spencer, A John

Australian dental journal

2020 Volume 65 Suppl 1, Page(s) S47–S51

Abstract: Background: The use of fluoride involves a balance between protection against caries and risk of dental fluorosis. Prevalence and trend of dental fluorosis in the adult population are not frequently reported.: Objective: To describe the prevalence of ...

Abstract	Background: The use of fluoride involves a balance between protection against caries and risk of dental fluorosis. Prevalence and trend of dental fluorosis in the adult population are not frequently reported. Objective: To describe the prevalence of dental fluorosis in the Australian adult population. Method: Data from the National Study of Adult Oral Health (NSAOH) 2004-06 and 2017-18 were used. Prevalence of fluorosis was reported using data from the NSAOH 2017-18. Case definitions of fluorosis were as follows: having a TF score of 2+ (TF2+) or a TF score of 3+ (TF3+) on one or more maxillary central incisors. Synthetic cohorts were constructed by year of birth allowing for time trend analysis. Results: One in ten Australian adults were found to have dental fluorosis at TF2+. The prevalence of TF3 + was low. Time trend analysis revealed an increase in the prevalence and severity of fluorosis among those born during 1970s to 1980s decade. Such prevalence declined among those who were born after measures were introduced in early 1990s to reduce exposure to discretionary fluorides. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental fluorosis in the Australian adult population was found to be related to population-level changes in fluoride exposure.
MeSH term(s)	Australia/epidemiology ; Dental Caries ; Fluorides ; Fluorosis, Dental/epidemiology ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Chemical Substances	Fluorides (Q80VPU408O)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-25
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	603965-0
ISSN	1834-7819 ; 0045-0421
ISSN (online)	1834-7819
ISSN	0045-0421
DOI	10.1111/adj.12764
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